EP1382720B1 - Procédé et dispositif de projection par gaz froid - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de projection par gaz froid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1382720B1
EP1382720B1 EP03012313A EP03012313A EP1382720B1 EP 1382720 B1 EP1382720 B1 EP 1382720B1 EP 03012313 A EP03012313 A EP 03012313A EP 03012313 A EP03012313 A EP 03012313A EP 1382720 B1 EP1382720 B1 EP 1382720B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
spray
carrier gas
workpiece
helium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03012313A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1382720A2 (fr
EP1382720A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Heinrich
Heinrich Prof. Dr. Kreye
Erich Muehlberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP1382720A2 publication Critical patent/EP1382720A2/fr
Publication of EP1382720A3 publication Critical patent/EP1382720A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1382720B1 publication Critical patent/EP1382720B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a coating on a workpiece or a molded part in a cold gas spraying process, wherein a carrier gas and pulverulent spray particles are expanded in a cold gas spray gun and the spray particles are at high speeds, for example of up to 2000 m / s, to be brought.
  • the carrier gas jet heats the particles for better plastic deformation on impact and increases the flow velocity of the gas and thus also the particle velocity.
  • the associated gas temperature can be up to 800 ° C, but is well below the melting temperature of the coating material, so that melting of the particles does not take place in the gas jet. Oxidation and / or phase transformations of the coating material can thus be largely avoided.
  • the spray particles are added as a powder by the particles are conveyed with an auxiliary gas stream into the main gas stream.
  • the powder usually comprises particles with a size of 1 to 50 microns. The high kinetic energy obtained the spray particles during gas relaxation.
  • the gas is expanded in a nozzle, whereby carrier gas and spray particles are accelerated to speeds above the speed of sound.
  • carrier gas and spray particles are accelerated to speeds above the speed of sound.
  • an injection of the spray particles in the already accelerated main gas jet is practiced.
  • the carrier gases used are generally nitrogen, helium and nitrogen-helium mixtures.
  • Nitrogen the most commonly used carrier gas, is well suited for the cold gas spraying process as an inert and inexpensive gas.
  • Air on the other hand, is only suitable for a few applications despite its high nitrogen content due to the oxygen content.
  • With helium as the carrier gas as found in basic research, the highest particle velocities are achieved. Since very large amounts of carrier gas are required, in practice, however, only nitrogen-helium mixtures with low helium content are used.
  • the consumption of carrier gas during cold gas spraying is between 40 and 150 m 3 / h.
  • the gas consumption depends on the carrier gas used for main and auxiliary gas flow and the material of the spray particles.
  • helium as the carrier gas have shown that to spray 3 kg of spray material (eg McrAIY), a bundle of helium with 110 m 3 is necessary.
  • economic aspects are in the foreground, which do not allow the use of process optimal carrier gases.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method which allows the selection of an optimal for the cold gas spraying process carrier gas for main and auxiliary gas flow and improves the process of cold gas spraying.
  • the object is achieved in that the cold gas spraying process is carried out in low pressure at values below 800 mbar (80 kPa).
  • the spray gun may be mounted in the housing of a vacuum chamber, so that it aims into the interior or it will bring the cold gas spray gun and the workpiece to be coated or the molding in a vacuum chamber. Since the cold gas spray gun and the spray material are now located in a vacuum chamber, the entire injection process is lost Vacuum conditions instead. This drastically reduces the consumption of carrier gas. This makes it possible to select the carrier gas according to its properties and not its economic availability.
  • the spray particle velocity which is achieved with the method according to the invention is also significantly higher than the spray particle velocity, which is achieved with an analogous arrangement under normal conditions.
  • the results of cold gas spraying are of high quality.
  • the air resistance which slows the spray particles after exiting the cold gas spray gun until it reaches the injection material, almost eliminated, the high spray particle velocity, which prevails on exiting the spray gun, until it hits the workpiece receive. Due to the high particle velocity, the kinetic energy of the particles is higher and their plastic deformation stronger on impact. This creates very dense and adherent layers. Also, the distance of the injection of the spray gun, since the spray particles are not slowed down in this way by the air resistance, be greater than under atmosphere. This has the advantage that all geometries can be coated on moldings and workpieces.
  • the cold gas spraying method under vacuum conditions also allows the use of a wide spray jet. Maintaining the high velocities of the particles in the low pressure up to the workpiece is particularly pronounced when the workpiece and the spray gun have a distance of more than 60 mm. This is due to the fact that the velocity of the particles increases immediately after leaving the spray gun, before the deceleration by the ambient air is noticeable. If the spraying distances are more than 60 mm, the advantages of low pressure and the associated lack of deceleration clearly show.
  • Spray distances of more than 60 mm prove to be advantageous when large workpieces or a large number of workpieces are coated, since on the longer path to the workpiece, the spray jet further fanned out and the fanned beam allows compared to the bundled beam larger area coating. Furthermore, if the spray distance is chosen to be so large, also workpieces with uneven surface, in which the distance between the spray gun and material surface varies greatly locally, can be coated without problems.
  • the cold gas spraying process is carried out at a pressure between 1 and 500 mbar (0.1 to 50 kPa), preferably between 20 and 100 mbar (2 to 10 kPa).
  • a pressure between 1 and 500 mbar (0.1 to 50 kPa), preferably between 20 and 100 mbar (2 to 10 kPa).
  • This pressure range is easily achieved with commercially available vacuum pumps.
  • the invention has the great advantage that now with significantly less effort equal particle velocities are achieved or higher speeds with the same effort. If you need e.g. 40 bar, to bring under ambient pressure particles to a desired speed, as rich at 500 mbar pressure in the chamber 20 bar gas pressure. When spraying into a 100 bar chamber, even 4 bar of gas pressure is sufficient for the same effects
  • the inventive method is in principle feasible with all gases and gas mixtures and air.
  • gases are the noble gases and inert gases and mixtures thereof.
  • helium, argon and nitrogen and mixtures of these gases are used.
  • Helium is particularly advantageously contained in the carrier gas.
  • carrier gas With helium and helium-containing mixtures as carrier gas very high particle velocities are achieved. High spray particle velocities guarantee dense and adherent coatings and thus high-quality results in cold gas spraying.
  • the carrier gas contains at least 20% by volume of helium, preferably between 30 and 80% by volume. These helium portions ensure the high spray particle velocities. Mixtures of helium and nitrogen as well as of helium and argon have proved to be particularly advantageous. But also argon-nitrogen mixtures are used.
  • spray particles with a grain size of up to 150 microns. Larger spray particles must be accelerated to higher particle speeds than smaller particles until their kinetic energy is sufficient to adhere to the workpiece to be coated.
  • Previously used spray particles have grain sizes in the range of 5 to 25 microns, sometimes up to 50 microns and are usually accelerated in air or nitrogen.
  • helium or to use helium-containing gas mixtures as a carrier gas in the larger extent. With helium significantly higher spray particle velocities are achieved, whereby even larger spray particles with a grain size in the range of 80 to 150 microns are sufficiently accelerated so that they adhere well to the workpiece.
  • the carrier gas is fed to the cold gas spraying process of a recovery unit.
  • the recovery unit cleans the carrier gas of impurities that came in the cold gas spraying and in the supply and discharge in the carrier gas.
  • the spent carrier gas from the vacuum chamber is removed with a vacuum pump, which is preceded by a particle filter, and fed to the recovery unit.
  • the recovery unit cleans the spent carrier gas from the contaminants and separates any individual gas components.
  • the recovery of helium is economically very advantageous and also makes it possible to use helium as a carrier gas.
  • the purified carrier gas or the recovered gas component is now either collected in a container and fed to a different use or fed back after storage in an intermediate container of the cold gas injection device.
  • the object is achieved in terms of the device in that the cold gas spray gun (3) and the workpiece / the molded part (5) to be coated in a vacuum chamber (4) are arranged. This arrangement allows cold gas spraying under vacuum conditions with all its aforementioned advantages.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus according to the invention for cold gas spraying under vacuum conditions.
  • Figure 1 includes a cold gas spray gun 3, a vacuum chamber 4, a workpiece 5, the supply lines 1, 2 and 6, and a particulate filter 7 and a vacuum pump 8.
  • the gas supply line 1 reaches the main gas flow, for example a helium-nitrogen mixture with 40 vol .-% helium, and via the supply line 2, the spray particles in the auxiliary gas flow into the vacuum chamber 4, where there is a pressure of 40 mbar, and there in the cold gas spray gun.
  • the supply lines 1 and 2 are led into the vacuum chamber 4, in which both the cold gas spray gun 3 and the workpiece 5 is located. The entire cold gas spraying process thus takes place in the vacuum chamber 4.
  • the carrier gas which in cold gas spraying together with the spray particles from the spray gun 3 and carries the spray particles to the workpiece, passes after the injection process in the vacuum chamber 4.
  • the spent carrier gas is removed via the gas line 6 from the vacuum chamber 4 by means of the vacuum pump 8.
  • the particle filter 7 is connected, which removes free spray particles from the spent carrier gas, so that the solid particles do not damage the pump.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de réalisation d'un revêtement sur une pièce ou une pièce façonnée par une opération de projection à gaz froid, dans lequel un gaz porteur est détendu dans un pistolet de projection à gaz porteur, des particules projetées étant ainsi accélérées à haute vitesse et appliquées sur la pièce et/ou la pièce façonnée, caractérisé en ce que l'opération de projection à gaz froid est réalisée à basse pression, à des valeurs inférieures à 800 mbars (80 kPa).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'opération de projection à gaz froid est réalisée à une pression comprise entre 1 et 500 mbars (0,1 à 50 kPa) et de préférence entre 20 et 100 mbars (2 à 10 kPa).
  3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le gaz porteur contient de l'hélium.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le gaz porteur contient au moins 20 % en volume d'hélium et de préférence de 30 à 80 % en volume d'hélium.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il projette des particules d'une granulométrie de jusque 150 µm.
  6. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'après l'opération de projection à gaz froid, le gaz porteur est renvoyé dans une unité de récupération.
  7. Dispositif de réalisation d'un revêtement par projection à gaz froid sur une pièce ou une pièce façonnée, qui comprend un pistolet (3) de projection à gaz froid et un support d'outil pour la pièce et/ou la pièce façonnée (5) à revêtir, caractérisé en ce que le pistolet (3) de projection à gaz froid et la pièce et/ou la pièce façonnée (5) à revêtir sont disposées dans une chambre sous vide (4).
EP03012313A 2002-06-04 2003-05-28 Procédé et dispositif de projection par gaz froid Expired - Lifetime EP1382720B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10224780A DE10224780A1 (de) 2002-06-04 2002-06-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen
DE10224780 2002-06-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1382720A2 EP1382720A2 (fr) 2004-01-21
EP1382720A3 EP1382720A3 (fr) 2005-12-07
EP1382720B1 true EP1382720B1 (fr) 2007-02-28

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Family Applications (1)

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EP03012313A Expired - Lifetime EP1382720B1 (fr) 2002-06-04 2003-05-28 Procédé et dispositif de projection par gaz froid

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040037954A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1382720B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE355400T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10224780A1 (fr)

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US8113413B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2012-02-14 H.C. Starck, Inc. Protective metal-clad structures
US11662300B2 (en) 2019-09-19 2023-05-30 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Apparatus for performing in-situ adhesion test of cold spray deposits and method of employing
US11898986B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2024-02-13 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Systems and methods for steam generator tube analysis for detection of tube degradation
US11935662B2 (en) 2019-07-02 2024-03-19 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Elongate SiC fuel elements

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US7164520B2 (en) 2004-05-12 2007-01-16 Idc, Llc Packaging for an interferometric modulator
DE102004059716B3 (de) * 2004-12-08 2006-04-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen
DE102005005359B4 (de) * 2005-02-02 2009-05-07 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen
CN101287857B (zh) 2005-05-05 2011-07-13 H.C.施塔克有限公司 用于制造或再加工溅射靶和x-射线阳极的涂覆方法
WO2006117144A1 (fr) 2005-05-05 2006-11-09 H.C. Starck Gmbh Procede de revetement d'une surface de substrat et produit muni du revetement
US20060269685A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-11-30 Honeywell International, Inc. Method for coating turbine engine components with high velocity particles
DE102005031101B3 (de) 2005-06-28 2006-08-10 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Schichten
DE102005047688C5 (de) 2005-09-23 2008-09-18 Siemens Ag Kaltgasspritzverfahren
EP1772228A1 (fr) * 2005-10-07 2007-04-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la réparation d'une pièce à microstructure orientée.
DE102005053263A1 (de) * 2005-11-08 2007-05-10 Linde Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer photokatalytisch aktiven Schicht
KR101380793B1 (ko) † 2005-12-21 2014-04-04 슐저메트코(유에스)아이엔씨 하이브리드 플라즈마-콜드 스프레이 방법 및 장치
DE502006001063D1 (de) 2006-01-10 2008-08-21 Siemens Ag Kaltspritzanlage und Kaltspritzverfahren mit moduliertem Gasstrom
EP1806183A1 (fr) 2006-01-10 2007-07-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ensemble de buses et procédé de projection par gaz froid
US8040587B2 (en) 2006-05-17 2011-10-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Desiccant in a MEMS device
US20080078268A1 (en) 2006-10-03 2008-04-03 H.C. Starck Inc. Process for preparing metal powders having low oxygen content, powders so-produced and uses thereof
CA2669052C (fr) * 2006-11-07 2013-11-26 Stefan Zimmermann Methode pour enduire un substrat et produit enduit
DE102007001477B3 (de) * 2007-01-09 2008-01-31 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen von Partikeln unterschiedlicher Festigkeit und/oder Duktilität
US8197894B2 (en) 2007-05-04 2012-06-12 H.C. Starck Gmbh Methods of forming sputtering targets
WO2009041951A1 (fr) 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Optimisation de l'utilisation de déshydratant dans un boîtier de microsystème électromécanique (mems)
DE102008024504A1 (de) 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kaltgasspritzen
US8246903B2 (en) 2008-09-09 2012-08-21 H.C. Starck Inc. Dynamic dehydriding of refractory metal powders
US8043655B2 (en) 2008-10-06 2011-10-25 H.C. Starck, Inc. Low-energy method of manufacturing bulk metallic structures with submicron grain sizes
US8410690B2 (en) * 2009-02-13 2013-04-02 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Display device with desiccant
EP2333133B1 (fr) * 2009-11-23 2013-03-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche
DE102009053987A1 (de) 2009-11-23 2011-06-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer mehrlagigen Spule
US8535755B2 (en) 2010-08-31 2013-09-17 General Electric Company Corrosion resistant riser tensioners, and methods for making
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WO2016036750A1 (fr) * 2014-09-02 2016-03-10 Sung Wung Yeom Application d'un revêtement à un substrat, structures composites formées par l'application d'un revêtement
JP6481154B2 (ja) * 2014-10-18 2019-03-13 エムテックスマート株式会社 粉粒体の塗布方法
DE102016217367A1 (de) 2016-09-13 2018-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aktivmaterials für eine Elektrode einer Batteriezelle, Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Aktivmaterials für eine Elektrode einer Batteriezelle und Batteriezelle
EP3520116B1 (fr) * 2016-10-03 2021-07-28 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Revêtement tolérant aux accidents en duplex pour barres de combustible nucléaire
US11031145B2 (en) * 2017-03-06 2021-06-08 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Method of manufacturing a reinforced nuclear fuel cladding using an intermediate thermal deposition layer
EP3486070B8 (fr) * 2017-11-15 2023-04-12 Concept Laser GmbH Procédé de fabrication additive d'objets tridimensionnels
DE102018209937A1 (de) 2018-06-20 2019-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polymerverbundwerkstoffs für eine elektrochemische Zelle mittels eines gequollenen Polymers
EP3677702B1 (fr) * 2019-01-07 2023-06-14 Rolls-Royce plc Procédé de revêtement par pulvérisation

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8113413B2 (en) 2006-12-13 2012-02-14 H.C. Starck, Inc. Protective metal-clad structures
US11898986B2 (en) 2012-10-10 2024-02-13 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Systems and methods for steam generator tube analysis for detection of tube degradation
US11935662B2 (en) 2019-07-02 2024-03-19 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Elongate SiC fuel elements
US11662300B2 (en) 2019-09-19 2023-05-30 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Apparatus for performing in-situ adhesion test of cold spray deposits and method of employing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10224780A1 (de) 2003-12-18
US20040037954A1 (en) 2004-02-26
DE50306633D1 (de) 2007-04-12
EP1382720A2 (fr) 2004-01-21
EP1382720A3 (fr) 2005-12-07
ATE355400T1 (de) 2006-03-15

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