EP1380696A1 - Modular barrier and method of erecting the same - Google Patents

Modular barrier and method of erecting the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1380696A1
EP1380696A1 EP03291722A EP03291722A EP1380696A1 EP 1380696 A1 EP1380696 A1 EP 1380696A1 EP 03291722 A EP03291722 A EP 03291722A EP 03291722 A EP03291722 A EP 03291722A EP 1380696 A1 EP1380696 A1 EP 1380696A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
elongated
connection means
male
female
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03291722A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1380696B1 (en
Inventor
Gabriel Bruyere
Pierre-Marie Garel
Didier Peyrard
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Colas SA
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Colas SA
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Publication of EP1380696A1 publication Critical patent/EP1380696A1/en
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Publication of EP1380696B1 publication Critical patent/EP1380696B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/088—Details of element connection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/085—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a modular restraint for roadways and a method of installing such a device.
  • Restraints are safety devices roads arranged along vehicle traffic lanes and intended to prevent a vehicle from passing beyond this border. These devices can be placed at the edge of a road or between two channels as channel separators. Their ability to restraint is defined by standards such as Standards European EN 1317.1 and EN 1317.2 describing TB42 tests and TB11 whose level H1 corresponds to level BT4 of the Standard French XP P98453. These tests test the impact of a vehicle heavy (TB42) of 10,000 kg at 70 km / h at an angle of 15 ° and a light vehicle (TB11) weighing 900 kg at 100 km / h at an angle of 20 °. In each case, the displacement of the device must be less than a predetermined limit for the standard to be met.
  • Existing modular restraints whether arranged at the edge of a road or between two lanes as channel separators, consist of modules with a profile general trapezoidal with wide lower base and upper apex narrow. These modules are connected to each other by means of bolting systems. While a bolt fixing is acceptable in the case of a restraint device mounted in fixed position or at least for a fairly long period, the use of such systems on short-term construction sites, that is to say for temporary markup, has proven to be disadvantageous due to the time of assembly and disassembly important occurring at each installation or at each change of place of these devices.
  • the invention therefore aims to provide a device for modular retainer allowing both rapid installation elements or modules composing it and establishing a sufficiently strong bond between these elements or modules so that the restraint can meet the requirements road safety regulations for the retention of a vehicle light and a heavy vehicle according to the standards indicated above, in the event of an accidental lateral exit.
  • a retaining device modular for roadways comprising a set elements elongated along a longitudinal axis and intended to be laid on a road and connected to each other at their ends, each of the elements having two end faces longitudinally spaced, one of the end faces being provided with a male connection means and the other of the end faces being provided with a female connection means, the connection means male and female being shaped to engage with each other others when installing elongated elements.
  • the male connection means and female are shaped for, in a first relative position of two elongated elements, allow the insertion of the element of male connection of one of these two elongated elements in the element female connection of the other of these two elongated elements and for, in a second relative position of two elongated elements, prevent the separation of these elongated elements.
  • the retaining devices according to the invention consist of modules or elements with a base wide enough to ensure a stable position when placed on a road. They may have various shapes and in particular various sections cross. Preferably, the modules or elements of the retaining devices according to the invention have a general section trapezoidal with wide lower base and narrow upper apex. However, elements having for example a general section rectangular are also conceivable without departing from the framework of the present invention.
  • the elements or modules According to their arrangement at the edge of a road or between two channels as channel separators, the elements or modules have one or two profiled side faces.
  • the first position relative between two elongated elements is essentially that where one of the two elements to be connected or, subsequently, to be separated is based on the road while the other elongated element is held in suspension close to the element installed, in order to be able to engage or, thereafter, to separate the connecting means from each other other.
  • the second relative position between two elements elongated is where the two elongated elements rest on the road, the connecting means then being engaged one in the other.
  • first relative position of two elongated elements according to the invention would be characterized exclusively by a vertical offset of one of these two elements with respect to the other.
  • any other orientation of the offset is also conceivable without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the first and second relative positions of two elongated elements according to the invention are not limited to the concept of a level shift between the two elongated elements, but also include applications where the longitudinal axes of these two elongated elements form an angle between them and those where the connecting means are shaped for an angular approximation of these two elongated elements during their installation.
  • the system according to the invention consists of elongated elements connected together by connecting means which, when engaged with each other the others form a connection having an axial clearance, so to be able to work each element separately.
  • the axial play has a value between 2 mm and 12 mm, advantageously between 3 mm and 9 mm, and is typically 7 mm.
  • the elements used in the context of the present invention are called "elongated elements" because of their length significantly higher than that of short elements, concrete or plastic, used for a long time to form temporary track separators on construction sites.
  • the elongated elements used in the context of the present invention have a length of the order of 6 m, a height of the order of 80 cm and a width at the base of about 55 cm. Their weight is around 600 kg. It is planned to manufacture these elongated elements steel, but hollow plastic parts, filled or fillable with heavy material, are also conceivable.
  • the elongated elements according to the invention have two important characteristics for their effectiveness, one being the elasticity of the material in which they are made and the other being their grip on the road.
  • the material it must be rigid enough to allow elongated elements to withstand, in an accident, both the impact of a vehicle and the opening of the connections between the elements of the device. Same time, the material should not be too rigid either, so avoid returning an accident vehicle to the track.
  • the elongated elements are provided with a zone deformation located in their lower part.
  • the elements of the restraint according to the invention are provided with connecting means which cannot engage with each other as long as two elements successive elongated are in a first relative position, which is in general that of an element posed compared to an element to to pose.
  • the means of connecting the device according to the invention can only engage with each other the time that the corresponding ends of two elements successive elongated, in general therefore of a posed element and a element to be placed, are located on different levels predetermined. We then use the movement of one of these elements towards each other, already laid, to engage, without intervention of a person staying on track, the means of bond into each other.
  • the material must be sufficiently elastic to be able to absorb energy at least partially kinetics developed during an accident, in particular to prevent this energy is fully supported by the connecting means.
  • each elongated element is made of a very heavy material and therefore has significant adhesion by himself.
  • each of the elongated elements is provided, on the face by which it rests on the ground, increasing means grip, such as non-slip pads, made for example made of an elastomeric material such as synthetic rubber.
  • Each of the pads is integral with the elongated element.
  • at least the bearing face of the pads, by which they are in contact with the road is substantially flat. According to an alternative embodiment, these pads are also fitted with crampons.
  • the skids can be positioned about a quarter the length of the elongated member, measured from one and the other of the two ends of the element, or to one of its ends and middle of the elongated member.
  • their arrangement must be adapted in order to to obtain a homogeneous distribution over the entire length of the retainer formed by the elongated elements assembled.
  • the restraint device according to the invention meets the requirements of European and French standards indicated more high and reaches at least the French restraint level BT4 and the corresponding European level H1.
  • the design proposed by the invention differs from previous embodiments, in particular integral blocks obtained for example by bolting, by the introduction of an axial clearance (according to the orientation of the means of connection) or longitudinal (according to the length direction of the elongated elements) in the connection between the different elements elongate. So each elongated element can work first individually before training the next element in the performance of its function as a restraint.
  • the female connection means is produced under the form of one or more openings made in one of the two end faces of each of the elongated members and the male connection means consists of one or more elements hooking formed or mounted on the other end face of each of the elongated elements.
  • the precise shapes of the openings and hooking elements don't matter how long they are chosen so that these connecting means can engage the into each other, or separate from each other, only as long as the affected elongated elements are in the first relative position and that the elongated elements concerned are prevented from parting while they are in the second relative position.
  • the most common embodiment will be one where the aperture and the hooking element are formed so that the element hook mounted on an end face of an elongated element to be installed can be engaged in the opening made in a end face of an elongated element already installed.
  • the opening will then wider at the top than at the bottom so that the hooking element can be engaged in the opening when the element to be installed is in the first position relative to the element already posed, i.e. suspended, but cannot exit when the two elongated elements are in the second position relative, that is to say both posed.
  • the opening should be engaged on the attachment element.
  • the opening will be wider at the bottom than at the top.
  • the recommended number of openings is three of which one is arranged at a level upper and two are arranged at a lower level.
  • the number of hooking elements must obviously correspond to that of the openings.
  • the openings and the hooking elements correspondents must have a shape and dimensions such that to make a connection between two elongated elements successive, it is necessary to approach an elongated element by a crane to a element already installed and engage the attachment elements of one in the openings of the other before installing the elongated element on the road.
  • the separation of two elongated elements considered is done in reverse order: a given elongated element is lifted by a crane at least at the end where the separation must be performed and is moved away from the next item remaining in place for remove the fastening elements from one of the openings of the other elongated element.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show perspective views of an element elongated according to the invention respectively by one and by the other of its two ends.
  • Figure 3 shows the elongated member of Figure 2 in a view of above.
  • Figure 4 shows the elongated element of Figure 1 by its face end.
  • Figure 5 shows the end face of Figure 4 in a view of side.
  • Figure 6 shows the elongated element of Figure 2 by its face end.
  • Figure 7 shows the end face of Figure 6 in a view of side.
  • Figure 8 shows a fastening element in an axial section.
  • Figure 9 shows an inner profile of the elongated element according the invention, in a front view.
  • Figure 10 shows the inner section of Figure 9 in a view of side
  • Figure 11 shows a modular restraint according to the invention.
  • the modular restraint device includes a set of elements elongated along an axis longitudinal and intended to be installed on a road.
  • an elongated element already installed is referenced 1 and an elongated element to be installed, otherwise identical to element 1, is referenced 1A.
  • the elongated elements 1 and 1A are connected to each other at their ends 2, 3 by means of a female connection means 4 with which the first end is provided 2 and by means of a male connection means 5 which is provided with second end 3.
  • the female connection means 4 and the means of male link 5 are formed so as to engage with each other others by the movements inherent in the installation of the elements elongated 1 and 1A, as will be explained below.
  • the female connection means 4 consists of three openings elongated 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 made in one face 131 of the end 2 of the elongated element 1. Each of these openings has a circular upper part and lower part, in extension of the upper part downwards, the width of which is less than the diameter of the top.
  • the connecting means female 4 may also include, for example, openings triangular with each triangle positioned so that a of its angles is facing down and the opposite side of the triangle extends horizontally, or through openings having a rectangular part of a first width which is extended by a rectangular part of a second width less than the first.
  • the male connection means 5, shown in Figures 2 and 6 to 8, is constituted by three cylindrical elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3, mounted on an end face 111 of the end 3 of the element elongated 1.
  • Each of these cylindrical elements 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 comprises a body in two parts, namely a base 51 having a diameter D1 and an intermediate part 52 having a diameter D2, smaller than D1, as well as a tapered head 53 having a large diameter D3 and a small diameter D4.
  • the large diameter D3 corresponds to diameter D1.
  • the parts of the cylindrical elements constituting the means of male connection 5 have cross sections, relative to their axis longitudinal, following: the head 53 has a first section characterized by the diameter D3 and being able to pass through the part upper opening; the intermediate part 52 has a second section characterized by the diameter D2 and capable of engage in the lower part of the opening; and the base 51 a a third section characterized by the diameter D1 which is more larger than the diameter D2, but which has nothing to do with the diameter D3 whereas, in the embodiment shown, it is equal to the diameter D3.
  • the head 53 whose shape, here frustoconical, has no other function that facilitate the engagement of the connecting element 5 in the opening 4 and which forms the free end of the elements 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, is thus axially spaced from the base 51 by the part intermediate 52.
  • the head 53 is separated from the base 51 by an annular groove 54 surrounding the part intermediate 52.
  • the axial length L2 of the groove 54, or of the intermediate part 52, is determined so that when the male connection means is engaged in the connection means female, an axial clearance between the two elongated elements thus connected remains.
  • the axial length and the diameters of the elements cylindrical 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 are determined with respect to dimensions of the openings 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and depending on the characteristics of the material, in particular its thickness, chosen for their achievement. As an example, the following dimensions are given: D1 and D3 about 80 mm, D2 about 40 mm, D4 approximately 20 mm and total length L1 of a cylindrical element 5.1, 5.2 or 5.3 approximately 95 mm.
  • the length L2 of the intermediate part 52 is 25 mm for a thickness of 8 mm of the material in which are formed the openings 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and for axial play 7 mm.
  • the dimensions of the openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 are slightly larger than the corresponding head diameters 53 and of the intermediate part 52 of elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3.
  • the diameter of the upper part of the openings is 90 mm for the diameter D3 (80 mm) of the head 53 and the width of the lower part of the openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 is 44 mm for the diameter D2 (40 mm) of the intermediate part 52.
  • an elongated element 1A When mounting the modular restraint according to the invention, an elongated element 1A is transported, by means of a mobile crane or semi-crane, equipped with a hydraulic grab, towards an elongated element 1 already in place and we approach the element elongated 1A, by its end provided with the male connection means 5, to the elongated element 1 already installed and having the end 2 provided the female connection means 4, while keeping the first element elongated 1A in the first position relative to the element elongated 1, that is to say suspended until the elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 are engaged in openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3. Then put the elongated element 1A in the second position relative to the elongated element 1.
  • the heads of elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 engage in the respective lower part of each of the openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3.
  • the heads of elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 engage in the respective lower part of each of the openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3.
  • This linking principle allows, on the one hand, an installation by mobile cranes or semi-cranes without staff at ground, which greatly improves the safety of personnel site in all phases of handling the elements of the modular restraint.
  • the pose can be done with a working speed of the order of 200 linear meters per hour and by semi-crane.
  • the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 9 is that of an assembly of two steel slides 6, 7 forming two profiled lateral elongated faces and two end connectors 11, 13 comprising the two faces 111 and 131 respectively, assembled so as to form a prismatic element.
  • Each of the slides 6, 7 is constituted by two sections standardized referenced respectively 6.1, 6.2 for slide 6 and 7.1, 7.2 for the slide 7.
  • the use of standard slides ensures rapid repair if necessary.
  • the slides are connected at their ends by the two end connectors 11, 13. Between these two ends, the slides 6 and 7 are connected to each other by means of three intermediate connectors 12.
  • the profiles forming the slides 6 and 7 are made of a steel whose alloy is determined so that, in the event of an accident, these profiles, and especially the lower sections 6.2, 7.2, can absorb the kinetic energy transmitted to the slides, partly in deformation zones formed essentially between the end connectors 11, 13 and intermediate 12. A part remaining of this energy is absorbed by the limited displacement elongated elements. This admitted deformation, the displacement allowed and the resistance to the opening of the connections between the elements elongated form a set of features of the device retainers adapted to each other so that the device can meet the requirements of the indicated safety standards upper.
  • the retaining device according to the invention is completed on each of its side faces, with a smooth metallic 18, 19 which, for better visibility, is painted in yellow.
  • the device can also be equipped with elements reflective for better visibility at night.
  • the two end connectors 11 and 13 and the three intermediate connectors 12. are formed by profiles in sheet steel formed so as to present on the one hand a face approximately triangular, disregarding the part upper truncated, as shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 9, and on the other hand, the respective side parts shown on the Figures 5, 6, 7 and 10, which are provided with mounting openings 15.1, 15.2 and 15.3 and 17 for fixing the rails.
  • the elongated elements are provided with means 9 increasing the grip of the elongate member 1 on the road.
  • These means 9 consist of non-slip pads 9 of which two are arranged on the underside of one of the two connectors end 11, 13 ( Figure 6 shows them under the connector 11) and the other two pads of which are fixed under the intermediate connector 12 closest to the connector end 13, as shown in Figure 3.
  • each of the pads 9 is produced in the form of a synthetic rubber block fixed on a plate metal by means of which the shoe is mounted under the element elongated 1.
  • the bearing face of each of the pads 9 has dimensions of the order of 125 mm x 125 mm. Other dimensions may be required depending on synthetic rubber selected.
  • the pads 9 are provided crampons, the length of which is chosen so that they protrude slightly the support face of the rubber block.
  • the elongated elements 1 of the retaining device according to the invention are designed so that mounting and shifting can be done on a single lane, thus avoiding the immobilization of a second track.
  • their weights and dimensions allow transport of a lot of at least twenty-four elongated elements, representing a minimum length of 144 m retainer, on a 22 t crane semi-trailer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The road divider comprises a set of long elements (1) intended to be placed on the road and connected together at their ends (2). Each element is provided at one end with a male connection and a female connection (4) at the other end. The female connection consists of an opening having a circular upper part and a lower part of smaller diameter. An Independent claim is included for a method of placing the road divider.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de retenue modulaire pour des voies routières et un procédé de pose d'un tel dispositif.The invention relates to a modular restraint for roadways and a method of installing such a device.

Les dispositifs de retenue sont des dispositifs de sécurité routière disposés en bordure de voies de circulation de véhicules et destinés à empêcher qu'un véhicule ne passe au-delà de cette bordure. Ces dispositifs peuvent être disposés au bord d'une route ou entre deux voies comme séparateurs de voies. Leur capacité de retenue est définie par des normes telles que les Normes Européennes EN 1317.1 et EN 1317.2 décrivant des essais TB42 et TB11 dont le niveau H1 correspond au niveau BT4 de la Norme Française XP P98453. Ces essais testent l'impact d'un véhicule lourd (TB42) de 10.000 kg à 70 km/h sous un angle de 15° et d'un véhicule léger (TB11) de 900 kg à 100 km/h sous un angle de 20°. Dans chaque cas, le déplacement du dispositif doit être inférieur à une limite prédéterminée pour que la norme soit respectée.Restraints are safety devices roads arranged along vehicle traffic lanes and intended to prevent a vehicle from passing beyond this border. These devices can be placed at the edge of a road or between two channels as channel separators. Their ability to restraint is defined by standards such as Standards European EN 1317.1 and EN 1317.2 describing TB42 tests and TB11 whose level H1 corresponds to level BT4 of the Standard French XP P98453. These tests test the impact of a vehicle heavy (TB42) of 10,000 kg at 70 km / h at an angle of 15 ° and a light vehicle (TB11) weighing 900 kg at 100 km / h at an angle of 20 °. In each case, the displacement of the device must be less than a predetermined limit for the standard to be met.

Les dispositifs de retenue modulaires existants, qu'ils soient disposés au bord d'une route ou entre deux voies comme séparateurs de voies, sont constitués de modules ayant un profil général trapézoïdal à base inférieure large et à sommet supérieur étroit. Ces modules sont reliés les uns aux autres moyennant des systèmes de boulonnage. Alors qu'une fixation par boulons est acceptable lorsqu'il s'agit d'un dispositif de retenue monté en position fixe ou pour le moins pour une durée assez longue, l'utilisation de tels systèmes sur des chantiers de courte durée, c'est-à-dire pour un balisage temporaire, s'est avérée être désavantageuse en raison du temps de montage et de démontage important survenant à chaque mise en place ou à chaque changement de place de ces dispositifs.Existing modular restraints, whether arranged at the edge of a road or between two lanes as channel separators, consist of modules with a profile general trapezoidal with wide lower base and upper apex narrow. These modules are connected to each other by means of bolting systems. While a bolt fixing is acceptable in the case of a restraint device mounted in fixed position or at least for a fairly long period, the use of such systems on short-term construction sites, that is to say for temporary markup, has proven to be disadvantageous due to the time of assembly and disassembly important occurring at each installation or at each change of place of these devices.

L'invention a donc pour but de proposer un dispositif de retenue modulaire permettant à la fois une mise en place rapide des éléments ou modules le composant et l'établissement d'une liaison suffisamment forte entre ces éléments ou modules afin que le dispositif de retenue puisse répondre aux exigences réglementaires de sécurité routière pour la retenue d'un véhicule léger et d'un véhicule lourd selon les normes indiquées plus haut, en cas de sortie latérale accidentelle.The invention therefore aims to provide a device for modular retainer allowing both rapid installation elements or modules composing it and establishing a sufficiently strong bond between these elements or modules so that the restraint can meet the requirements road safety regulations for the retention of a vehicle light and a heavy vehicle according to the standards indicated above, in the event of an accidental lateral exit.

Le but de l'invention est atteint par un dispositif de retenue modulaire pour des voies routières comprenant un ensemble d'éléments allongés suivant un axe longitudinal et destinés à être posés sur une route et reliés les uns aux autres à leurs extrémités, chacun des éléments comportant deux faces d'extrémités longitudinalement espacées, une des faces d'extrémité étant pourvue d'un moyen de liaison mâle et l'autre des faces d'extrémité étant pourvue d'un moyen de liaison femelle, les moyens de liaison mâle et femelle étant conformés pour s'engager les uns dans les autres lors de la pose des éléments allongés.The object of the invention is achieved by a retaining device modular for roadways comprising a set elements elongated along a longitudinal axis and intended to be laid on a road and connected to each other at their ends, each of the elements having two end faces longitudinally spaced, one of the end faces being provided with a male connection means and the other of the end faces being provided with a female connection means, the connection means male and female being shaped to engage with each other others when installing elongated elements.

Conformément à l'invention, les moyens de liaison mâle et femelle sont conformés pour, dans une première position relative de deux éléments allongés, permettre l'insertion de l'élément de liaison mâle de l'un de ces deux éléments allongés dans l'élément de liaison femelle de l'autre de ces deux éléments allongés et pour, dans une seconde position relative de deux éléments allongés, empêcher la séparation de ces éléments allongés.In accordance with the invention, the male connection means and female are shaped for, in a first relative position of two elongated elements, allow the insertion of the element of male connection of one of these two elongated elements in the element female connection of the other of these two elongated elements and for, in a second relative position of two elongated elements, prevent the separation of these elongated elements.

Les dispositifs de retenue selon l'invention sont constitués de modules ou éléments ayant une base suffisamment large pour assurer une position stable lorsqu'ils sont posés sur une route. Ils peuvent avoir diverses formes et notamment diverses sections transversales. De préférence, les modules ou éléments des dispositifs de retenue selon l'invention ont une section générale trapézoïdale à base inférieure large et à sommet supérieur étroit. Toutefois, des éléments ayant par exemple une section générale rectangulaire sont également concevables sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.The retaining devices according to the invention consist of modules or elements with a base wide enough to ensure a stable position when placed on a road. They may have various shapes and in particular various sections cross. Preferably, the modules or elements of the retaining devices according to the invention have a general section trapezoidal with wide lower base and narrow upper apex. However, elements having for example a general section rectangular are also conceivable without departing from the framework of the present invention.

Selon leur disposition au bord d'une route ou entre deux voies comme séparateurs de voies, les éléments ou modules ont une ou deux faces latérales profilées.According to their arrangement at the edge of a road or between two channels as channel separators, the elements or modules have one or two profiled side faces.

Dans le cadre de la présente invention, la première position relative entre deux éléments allongés est essentiellement celle où l'un des deux éléments à relier ou, par la suite, à séparer repose sur la route alors que l'autre élément allongé est maintenu en suspension proche de l'élément posé, afin de pouvoir faire engager ou, par la suite, faire séparer les moyens de liaison les uns des autres. Et la seconde position relative entre deux éléments allongés est celle où les deux éléments allongés reposent sur la route, les moyens de liaison étant alors engagés les uns dans les autres.In the context of the present invention, the first position relative between two elongated elements is essentially that where one of the two elements to be connected or, subsequently, to be separated is based on the road while the other elongated element is held in suspension close to the element installed, in order to be able to engage or, thereafter, to separate the connecting means from each other other. And the second relative position between two elements elongated is where the two elongated elements rest on the road, the connecting means then being engaged one in the other.

Toutefois, cela ne signifie pas que la première position relative de deux éléments allongés selon l'invention serait caractérisée exclusivement par un décalage vertical de l'un de ces deux éléments par rapport à l'autre. Au contraire, toute autre orientation du décalage est également concevable sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.
De même, les première et seconde positions relatives de deux éléments allongés selon l'invention ne sont pas limitées à la notion d'un décalage de niveau entre les deux éléments allongés, mais incluent aussi les applications où les axes longitudinaux de ces deux éléments allongés forment un angle entre eux et celles où les moyens de liaison sont conformés pour un rapprochement angulaire de ces deux éléments allongés lors de leur pose.However, this does not mean that the first relative position of two elongated elements according to the invention would be characterized exclusively by a vertical offset of one of these two elements with respect to the other. On the contrary, any other orientation of the offset is also conceivable without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Similarly, the first and second relative positions of two elongated elements according to the invention are not limited to the concept of a level shift between the two elongated elements, but also include applications where the longitudinal axes of these two elongated elements form an angle between them and those where the connecting means are shaped for an angular approximation of these two elongated elements during their installation.

Contrairement aux dispositifs de retenue utilisés avant l'invention, qui formaient un bloc solidaire d'éléments attachés de manière à assurer une continuité de ces éléments, le dispositif selon l'invention est constitué d'éléments allongés reliés entre eux par des moyens de liaison qui, lorsqu'ils sont engagés les uns dans les autres, forment une liaison présentant un jeu axial, de manière à pouvoir faire travailler chaque élément séparément. Le jeu axial a une valeur comprise entre 2 mm et 12 mm, avantageusement entre 3 mm et 9 mm, et est typiquement de 7 mm.Unlike restraint systems used before the invention, which formed a solid block of attached elements of so as to ensure continuity of these elements, the system according to the invention consists of elongated elements connected together by connecting means which, when engaged with each other the others form a connection having an axial clearance, so to be able to work each element separately. The axial play has a value between 2 mm and 12 mm, advantageously between 3 mm and 9 mm, and is typically 7 mm.

Les éléments utilisés dans le cadre de la présente invention sont appelés « éléments allongés » en raison de leur longueur nettement supérieure à celle des éléments courts, en béton ou en matière plastique, utilisés depuis longtemps pour former des séparateurs de voies provisoires sur des chantiers. En effet, les éléments allongés utilisés dans le cadre de la présente invention ont une longueur de l'ordre de 6 m, une hauteur de l'ordre de 80 cm et une largeur à la base de l'ordre de 55 cm. Leur poids est de l'ordre de 600 kg. Il est prévu de fabriquer ces éléments allongés en acier, mais des éléments creux en matière synthétique, remplis ou remplissables d'un matériau lourd, sont également concevables.The elements used in the context of the present invention are called "elongated elements" because of their length significantly higher than that of short elements, concrete or plastic, used for a long time to form temporary track separators on construction sites. Indeed, the elongated elements used in the context of the present invention have a length of the order of 6 m, a height of the order of 80 cm and a width at the base of about 55 cm. Their weight is around 600 kg. It is planned to manufacture these elongated elements steel, but hollow plastic parts, filled or fillable with heavy material, are also conceivable.

Les éléments allongés selon l'invention ont deux caractéristiques importantes pour leur efficacité, l'une étant l'élasticité du matériau en lequel ils sont réalisés et l'autre étant leur adhérence sur la route.The elongated elements according to the invention have two important characteristics for their effectiveness, one being the elasticity of the material in which they are made and the other being their grip on the road.

En ce qui concerne le matériau, celui-ci doit être suffisamment rigide pour permettre aux éléments allongés de résister, lors d'un accident, à la fois à l'impact d'un véhicule et à l'ouverture des liaisons entre les éléments du dispositif. En même temps, le matériau ne doit pas être trop rigide non plus, afin d'éviter le renvoi d'un véhicule accidenté sur la voie. Avantageusement, les éléments allongés sont pourvus d'une zone de déformation située dans leur partie inférieure.Regarding the material, it must be rigid enough to allow elongated elements to withstand, in an accident, both the impact of a vehicle and the opening of the connections between the elements of the device. Same time, the material should not be too rigid either, so avoid returning an accident vehicle to the track. Advantageously, the elongated elements are provided with a zone deformation located in their lower part.

En effet, afin de pouvoir les poser et les relier les uns aux autres par des seuls moyens mécaniques tels une grue ou une pince hydraulique, les éléments du dispositif de retenue selon l'invention sont pourvus de moyens de liaison qui ne peuvent s'engager les uns dans les autres que le temps que deux éléments allongés successifs sont en une première position relative, qui est en général celle d'un élément posé par rapport à un élément à poser. Plus particulièrement, les moyens de liaison du dispositif selon l'invention ne peuvent s'engager les uns dans les autres que le temps que les extrémités correspondantes de deux éléments allongés successifs, en général donc d'un élément posé et d'un élément à poser, sont situés à des niveaux différents prédéterminés. On utilise alors le mouvement de l'un de ces éléments vers l'autre, déjà posé, pour faire engager, sans intervention d'une personne restant sur la voie, les moyens de liaison les uns dans les autres.In fact, in order to be able to place them and connect them to each other others by mechanical means only, such as a crane or hydraulic clamp, the elements of the restraint according to the invention are provided with connecting means which cannot engage with each other as long as two elements successive elongated are in a first relative position, which is in general that of an element posed compared to an element to to pose. More particularly, the means of connecting the device according to the invention can only engage with each other the time that the corresponding ends of two elements successive elongated, in general therefore of a posed element and a element to be placed, are located on different levels predetermined. We then use the movement of one of these elements towards each other, already laid, to engage, without intervention of a person staying on track, the means of bond into each other.

Lorsque les deux éléments allongés sont posés, ils se trouvent dans la seconde position relative, dans laquelle la liaison est effective et ne doit s'ouvrir que lorsque celui de ces deux éléments allongés qui a été posé en dernier, est mû, par exemple soulevé à un niveau prédéterminé, de façon que les deux éléments se trouvent à nouveau dans la première position relative. Dans le cas contraire, les exigences des normes indiquées plus haut ne sont pas respectées. Outre le choix d'une forme adéquate des moyens de liaison permettant de poser et relier entre eux ces éléments allongés sans intervention d'une personne au sol, ces moyens de liaison doivent être formés et/ou fixés aux extrémités de chacun des éléments allongés de façon qu'il ne peut pas y avoir ouverture de la liaison par arrachement ou déformation de ces moyens. Ceci nécessite donc une certaine rigidité du matériau choisi pour la réalisation des éléments allongés.When the two elongated elements are installed, they are in the second relative position, in which the bond is effective and should only open when one of these two elongated elements which was laid last, is moved, for example raised to a predetermined level, so that the two elements are again in the first relative position. In the otherwise, the requirements of the standards indicated above do not are not respected. In addition to choosing an appropriate form of connecting means making it possible to lay and connect these elongated elements without the intervention of a person on the ground, these connecting means must be formed and / or fixed to the ends of each of the elements elongated so that there cannot be opening of the connection by tearing or deformation of these means. This therefore requires a certain rigidity of the material chosen for the realization of elongated elements.

En même temps, le matériau doit être suffisamment élastique pour pouvoir absorber au moins partiellement l'énergie cinétique développée lors d'un accident, notamment pour éviter que cette énergie soit entièrement supportée par les moyens de liaison.At the same time, the material must be sufficiently elastic to be able to absorb energy at least partially kinetics developed during an accident, in particular to prevent this energy is fully supported by the connecting means.

En ce qui concerne l'adhérence des éléments allongés sur la route, celle-ci constitue une caractéristique importante dans la mesure où elle aide, ensemble avec l'élasticité du matériau des éléments allongés, à éviter que les éléments allongés soient déplacés outre mesure lors d'un accident. En effet, plus les éléments allongés sont déplacés par l'impact d'un véhicule, plus l'énergie cinétique développée lors de cet accident doit être supportée par les moyens de liaison. Au-delà d'un seuil d'impact qui est fonction de l'adhérence des éléments allongés et de leur capacité d'absorber cette énergie cinétique, cette dernière doit être supportée par les liaisons entre les éléments, ce qui entraíne, le cas échéant, la rupture de certaines de ces liaisons.Regarding the adhesion of the elongated elements on the road, this is an important feature in the as it helps, together with the elasticity of the material elongated elements, to avoid elongated elements being unduly displaced during an accident. In fact, the more elongated elements are moved by the impact of a vehicle, more the kinetic energy developed during this accident must be supported by the connecting means. Beyond an impact threshold which is a function of the adhesion of the elongated elements and their capacity to absorb this kinetic energy, the latter must be supported by the connections between the elements, which results in the if necessary, the rupture of some of these links.

Pour prévenir à une telle situation et pour assurer l'adhérence nécessaire pour répondre aux critères des essais routiers évoqués plus haut, chaque élément allongé est réalisé en un matériau très lourd et présente donc une adhérence importante par lui-même. De plus, chacun des éléments allongés est pourvu, sur la face par laquelle il repose sur le sol, de moyens augmentant l'adhérence, tels que des patins non glissant, réalisés par exemple en une matière élastomérique telle un caoutchouc synthétique. Chacun des patins est solidaire de l'élément allongé. Avantageusement, au moins la face d'appui des patins, par laquelle ils sont au contact de la voie routière, est sensiblement plane. Selon une variante de réalisation, ces patins sont également pourvus de crampons.To prevent such a situation and to ensure the adhesion necessary to meet the test criteria road vehicles mentioned above, each elongated element is made of a very heavy material and therefore has significant adhesion by himself. In addition, each of the elongated elements is provided, on the face by which it rests on the ground, increasing means grip, such as non-slip pads, made for example made of an elastomeric material such as synthetic rubber. Each of the pads is integral with the elongated element. Advantageously, at least the bearing face of the pads, by which they are in contact with the road, is substantially flat. According to an alternative embodiment, these pads are also fitted with crampons.

Les patins peuvent être positionnés soit environ à un quart de la longueur de l'élément allongé, mesuré à partir de l'une et de l'autre des deux extrémités de l'élément, ou encore à une de ses extrémités et au milieu de l'élément allongé. Lorsqu'on utilise davantage de patins, leur disposition doit être adaptée afin d'obtenir une répartition homogène sur toute la longueur du dispositif de retenue formée par les éléments allongés assemblés.The skids can be positioned about a quarter the length of the elongated member, measured from one and the other of the two ends of the element, or to one of its ends and middle of the elongated member. When we use more skates, their arrangement must be adapted in order to to obtain a homogeneous distribution over the entire length of the retainer formed by the elongated elements assembled.

Le dispositif de retenue selon l'invention répond aux exigences des normes européennes et françaises indiquées plus haut et atteint au moins le niveau de retenue français BT4 et le niveau correspondant européen H1.The restraint device according to the invention meets the requirements of European and French standards indicated more high and reaches at least the French restraint level BT4 and the corresponding European level H1.

En ce qui concerne la liaison entre les différents éléments allongés du dispositif de l'invention, la conception proposée par l'invention diffère des réalisations antérieures, notamment des blocs solidaires obtenus par exemple par boulonnage, par l'introduction d'un jeu axial (d'après l'orientation des moyens de liaison) ou longitudinal (d'après le sens de la longueur des éléments allongés) dans la liaison entre les différents éléments allongés. Ainsi, chaque élément allongé peut d'abord travailler individuellement avant d'entraíner l'élément suivant dans l'accomplissement de sa fonction de dispositif de retenue.Regarding the connection between the different elements of the device of the invention, the design proposed by the invention differs from previous embodiments, in particular integral blocks obtained for example by bolting, by the introduction of an axial clearance (according to the orientation of the means of connection) or longitudinal (according to the length direction of the elongated elements) in the connection between the different elements elongate. So each elongated element can work first individually before training the next element in the performance of its function as a restraint.

Pour ce faire, le moyen de liaison femelle est réalisé sous la forme d'une ou de plusieurs ouvertures pratiquées dans une des deux faces d'extrémité de chacun des éléments allongés et le moyen de liaison mâle est constitué par un ou plusieurs éléments d'accrochage formés ou montés sur l'autre face d'extrémité de chacun des éléments allongés. Les formes précises des ouvertures et des éléments d'accrochage importent peu le temps qu'elles sont choisies de façon que ces moyens de liaison peuvent s'engager les uns dans les autres, ou se séparer les uns des autres, uniquement aussi longtemps que les éléments allongés concernés sont dans la première position relative et que les éléments allongés concernés sont empêchés de se séparer le temps qu'ils sont dans la seconde position relative.To do this, the female connection means is produced under the form of one or more openings made in one of the two end faces of each of the elongated members and the male connection means consists of one or more elements hooking formed or mounted on the other end face of each of the elongated elements. The precise shapes of the openings and hooking elements don't matter how long they are chosen so that these connecting means can engage the into each other, or separate from each other, only as long as the affected elongated elements are in the first relative position and that the elongated elements concerned are prevented from parting while they are in the second relative position.

Pour la mise en oeuvre de ce principe de liaison, il est sans importance sur quel élément allongé se trouve respectivement le moyen de liaison mâle et le moyen de liaison femelle. En effet, le mode de réalisation le plus courant sera celui où l'ouverture et l'élément d'accrochage sont formés de façon que l'élément d'accrochage monté sur une face d'extrémité d'un élément allongé à poser puisse être engagé dans l'ouverture pratiquée dans une face d'extrémité d'un élément allongé déjà posé. L'ouverture sera alors plus large en haut qu'en bas afin que l'élément d'accrochage puisse être engagé dans l'ouverture lorsque l'élément à poser est dans la première position relative par rapport à l'élément déjà posé, c'est-à-dire en suspension, mais ne puisse pas en sortir lorsque les deux éléments allongés sont dans la seconde position relative, c'est-à-dire tous les deux posés.For the implementation of this principle of connection, it is without importance on which elongated element is respectively the male connection means and female connection means. Indeed, the the most common embodiment will be one where the aperture and the hooking element are formed so that the element hook mounted on an end face of an elongated element to be installed can be engaged in the opening made in a end face of an elongated element already installed. The opening will then wider at the top than at the bottom so that the hooking element can be engaged in the opening when the element to be installed is in the first position relative to the element already posed, i.e. suspended, but cannot exit when the two elongated elements are in the second position relative, that is to say both posed.

Toutefois, il est également concevable que l'ouverture doit être engagée sur l'élément d'accrochage. En ce cas, l'ouverture sera plus large en bas qu'en haut.However, it is also conceivable that the opening should be engaged on the attachment element. In this case, the opening will be wider at the bottom than at the top.

Dans le cas d'un élément allongé de forme prismatique, dont la section transversale correspond approximativement à un trapèze à sommet étroit ou à un triangle, le nombre recommandé d'ouvertures est de trois dont une est disposée à un niveau supérieur et deux sont disposées à un niveau inférieur. Le nombre d'éléments d'accrochage doit évidemment correspondre à celui des ouvertures.In the case of an elongated element of prismatic shape, of which the cross section corresponds approximately to a trapezoid with a narrow apex or a triangle, the recommended number of openings is three of which one is arranged at a level upper and two are arranged at a lower level. The number of hooking elements must obviously correspond to that of the openings.

Quel que soit le nombre de moyens de liaison et leur façon d'être engagés, les ouvertures et les éléments d'accrochage correspondants doivent avoir une forme et des dimensions telles que, pour effectuer une liaison entre deux éléments allongés successifs, il faut approcher un élément allongé par une grue à un élément déjà posé et faire engager les éléments d'accrochage de l'un dans les ouvertures de l'autre avant de poser l'élément allongé sur la route. La séparation de deux éléments allongés considérés se fait dans l'ordre inverse : un élément allongé donné est soulevé par une grue au moins à l'extrémité où la séparation doit être effectuée et est éloigné de l'élément suivant restant en place pour faire sortir les éléments d'accrochage de l'une des ouvertures de l'autre élément allongé.Whatever the number of connection means and their way to be engaged, the openings and the hooking elements correspondents must have a shape and dimensions such that to make a connection between two elongated elements successive, it is necessary to approach an elongated element by a crane to a element already installed and engage the attachment elements of one in the openings of the other before installing the elongated element on the road. The separation of two elongated elements considered is done in reverse order: a given elongated element is lifted by a crane at least at the end where the separation must be performed and is moved away from the next item remaining in place for remove the fastening elements from one of the openings of the other elongated element.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description d'un mode de réalisation faite ci-après en référence aux dessins.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of an embodiment given below with reference to the drawings.

Dans ces dessins, Les figures 1 et 2 montrent des vues en perspective d'un élément allongé selon l'invention respectivement par l'une et par l'autre de ses deux extrémités. La figure 3 montre l'élément allongé de la figure 2 en une vue de dessus. La figure 4 montre l'élément allongé de la figure 1 par sa face d'extrémité. La figure 5 montre la face d'extrémité de la figure 4 en une vue de côté. La figure 6 montre l'élément allongé de la figure 2 par sa face d'extrémité. La figure 7 montre la face d'extrémité de la figure 6 en une vue de côté. La figure 8 montre un élément d'accrochage en une coupe axiale. La figure 9 montre un profilé intérieur de l'élément allongé selon l'invention, en une vue de face. La figure 10 montre le profilé intérieur de la figure 9 en une vue de côté, et La figure 11 montre un dispositif de retenue modulaire selon l'invention.In these drawings, Figures 1 and 2 show perspective views of an element elongated according to the invention respectively by one and by the other of its two ends. Figure 3 shows the elongated member of Figure 2 in a view of above. Figure 4 shows the elongated element of Figure 1 by its face end. Figure 5 shows the end face of Figure 4 in a view of side. Figure 6 shows the elongated element of Figure 2 by its face end. Figure 7 shows the end face of Figure 6 in a view of side. Figure 8 shows a fastening element in an axial section. Figure 9 shows an inner profile of the elongated element according the invention, in a front view. Figure 10 shows the inner section of Figure 9 in a view of side, and Figure 11 shows a modular restraint according to the invention.

Le dispositif de retenue modulaire selon l'invention comprend un ensemble d'éléments allongés suivant un axe longitudinal et destinés à être posés sur une route. Dans le cadre de la présente description, un élément allongé déjà posé est référencé 1 et un élément allongé à poser, par ailleurs identique à l'élément 1, est référencé 1A. Les éléments allongés 1 et 1A sont reliés les uns aux autres à leurs extrémités 2, 3 moyennant un moyen de liaison femelle 4 dont est pourvue la première extrémité 2 et moyennant un moyen de liaison mâle 5 dont est pourvue la seconde extrémité 3. Le moyen de liaison femelle 4 et le moyen de liaison mâle 5 sont formés de façon à s'engager les uns dans les autres par les mouvements inhérents à la pose des éléments allongés 1 et 1A, comme cela sera expliqué ci-après.The modular restraint device according to the invention includes a set of elements elongated along an axis longitudinal and intended to be installed on a road. As part of the present description, an elongated element already installed is referenced 1 and an elongated element to be installed, otherwise identical to element 1, is referenced 1A. The elongated elements 1 and 1A are connected to each other at their ends 2, 3 by means of a female connection means 4 with which the first end is provided 2 and by means of a male connection means 5 which is provided with second end 3. The female connection means 4 and the means of male link 5 are formed so as to engage with each other others by the movements inherent in the installation of the elements elongated 1 and 1A, as will be explained below.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 et 4, le moyen de liaison femelle 4 est constitué de trois ouvertures allongées 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 pratiquées dans une face 131 de l'extrémité 2 de l'élément allongé 1. Chacune de ces ouvertures présente une partie supérieure circulaire et une partie inférieure, en prolongement de la partie supérieure vers le bas, dont la largeur est inférieure au diamètre de la partie supérieure.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 4, the female connection means 4 consists of three openings elongated 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 made in one face 131 of the end 2 of the elongated element 1. Each of these openings has a circular upper part and lower part, in extension of the upper part downwards, the width of which is less than the diameter of the top.

Selon des variantes non représentées, le moyen de liaison femelle 4 peut aussi comprendre, par exemple, des ouvertures triangulaires dont chaque triangle est positionné de manière qu'un de ses angles soit orienté vers le bas et le côté opposé du triangle s'étend horizontalement, ou encore par des ouvertures ayant une partie rectangulaire d'une première largeur qui est prolongée par une partie rectangulaire d'une seconde largeur inférieure à la première.According to variants not shown, the connecting means female 4 may also include, for example, openings triangular with each triangle positioned so that a of its angles is facing down and the opposite side of the triangle extends horizontally, or through openings having a rectangular part of a first width which is extended by a rectangular part of a second width less than the first.

Le moyen de liaison mâle 5, représenté sur les figures 2 et 6 à 8, est constitué par trois éléments cylindriques 5.1, 5.2 et 5.3, montés sur une face d'extrémité 111 de l'extrémité 3 de l'élément allongé 1. Chacun de ces éléments cylindriques 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 comprend un corps en deux parties, à savoir un socle 51 ayant un diamètre D1 et une partie intermédiaire 52 ayant un diamètre D2, plus petit que D1, ainsi qu'une tête tronconique 53 ayant un grand diamètre D3 et un petit diamètre D4. Avantageusement, le grand diamètre D3 correspond au diamètre D1. The male connection means 5, shown in Figures 2 and 6 to 8, is constituted by three cylindrical elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3, mounted on an end face 111 of the end 3 of the element elongated 1. Each of these cylindrical elements 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 comprises a body in two parts, namely a base 51 having a diameter D1 and an intermediate part 52 having a diameter D2, smaller than D1, as well as a tapered head 53 having a large diameter D3 and a small diameter D4. Advantageously, the large diameter D3 corresponds to diameter D1.

Dans l'ordre chronologique de leur engagement dans les deux parties des ouvertures constituant le moyen de liaison femelle 4, les parties des éléments cylindriques constituant le moyen de liaison mâle 5 ont les sections transversales, par rapport à leur axe longitudinal, suivantes : la tête 53 a une première section caractérisée par le diamètre D3 et pouvant passer par la partie supérieure de l'ouverture ; la partie intermédiaire 52 a une deuxième section caractérisée par le diamètre D2 et pouvant s'engager dans la partie inférieure de l'ouverture ; et le socle 51 a une troisième section caractérisée par le diamètre D1 qui est plus grand que le diamètre D2, mais qui n'a pas de rapport avec le diamètre D3 alors que, dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, il est égal au diamètre D3.In chronological order of their engagement in the two parts of the openings constituting the female connection means 4, the parts of the cylindrical elements constituting the means of male connection 5 have cross sections, relative to their axis longitudinal, following: the head 53 has a first section characterized by the diameter D3 and being able to pass through the part upper opening; the intermediate part 52 has a second section characterized by the diameter D2 and capable of engage in the lower part of the opening; and the base 51 a a third section characterized by the diameter D1 which is more larger than the diameter D2, but which has nothing to do with the diameter D3 whereas, in the embodiment shown, it is equal to the diameter D3.

La tête 53 dont la forme, ici tronconique, n'a d'autre fonction que de faciliter l'engagement de l'élément de liaison 5 dans l'ouverture 4 et qui forme l'extrémité libre des éléments 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, est ainsi axialement espacée du socle 51 par la partie intermédiaire 52. Selon un autre aspect, la tête 53 est séparée du socle 51 par une rainure annulaire 54 entourant la partie intermédiaire 52. La longueur axiale L2 de la rainure 54, ou de la partie intermédiaire 52, est déterminée de façon que, lorsque le moyen de liaison mâle est engagé dans le moyen de liaison femelle, un jeu axial entre les deux éléments allongés ainsi reliés subsiste.The head 53 whose shape, here frustoconical, has no other function that facilitate the engagement of the connecting element 5 in the opening 4 and which forms the free end of the elements 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, is thus axially spaced from the base 51 by the part intermediate 52. According to another aspect, the head 53 is separated from the base 51 by an annular groove 54 surrounding the part intermediate 52. The axial length L2 of the groove 54, or of the intermediate part 52, is determined so that when the male connection means is engaged in the connection means female, an axial clearance between the two elongated elements thus connected remains.

La longueur axiale et les diamètres des éléments cylindriques 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 sont déterminées par rapport aux dimensions des ouvertures 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 et en fonction des caractéristiques du matériau, notamment de son épaisseur, choisi pour leur réalisation. A titre d'exemple, les dimensions suivantes sont données : D1 et D3 environ 80 mm, D2 environ 40 mm, D4 environ 20 mm et longueur totale L1 d'un élément cylindrique 5.1, 5.2 ou 5.3 environ 95 mm. La longueur L2 de la partie intermédiaire 52 est de 25 mm pour une épaisseur de 8 mm du matériau dans lequel sont formées les ouvertures 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 et pour un jeu axial de 7 mm. The axial length and the diameters of the elements cylindrical 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 are determined with respect to dimensions of the openings 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and depending on the characteristics of the material, in particular its thickness, chosen for their achievement. As an example, the following dimensions are given: D1 and D3 about 80 mm, D2 about 40 mm, D4 approximately 20 mm and total length L1 of a cylindrical element 5.1, 5.2 or 5.3 approximately 95 mm. The length L2 of the intermediate part 52 is 25 mm for a thickness of 8 mm of the material in which are formed the openings 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and for axial play 7 mm.

Les dimensions des ouvertures 4.1, 4.2 et 4.3 sont légèrement supérieures aux diamètres correspondants de la tête 53 et de la partie intermédiaire 52 des éléments 5.1, 5.2 et 5.3. A titre d'exemple, le diamètre de la partie supérieure des ouvertures est de 90 mm pour le diamètre D3 (80 mm) de la tête 53 et la largeur de la partie inférieure des ouvertures 4.1, 4.2 et 4.3 est de 44 mm pour le diamètre D2 (40 mm) de la partie intermédiaire 52.The dimensions of the openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 are slightly larger than the corresponding head diameters 53 and of the intermediate part 52 of elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3. As example, the diameter of the upper part of the openings is 90 mm for the diameter D3 (80 mm) of the head 53 and the width of the lower part of the openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 is 44 mm for the diameter D2 (40 mm) of the intermediate part 52.

Lors du montage du dispositif de retenue modulaire selon l'invention, on transporte un élément allongé 1A, moyennant une grue mobile ou une semi-grue, munie d'une pince hydraulique, vers un élément allongé 1 déjà mis en place et on approche l'élément allongé 1A, par son extrémité pourvue du moyen de liaison mâle 5, à l'élément allongé 1 déjà posé et présentant l'extrémité 2 pourvue du moyen de liaison femelle 4, tout en gardant le premier élément allongé 1A en la première position relative par rapport à l'élément allongé 1, c'est-à-dire suspendue jusqu'à ce que les éléments 5.1, 5.2 et 5.3 soient engagés dans les ouvertures 4.1, 4.2 et 4.3. Ensuite, on met l'élément allongé 1A dans la seconde position relative par rapport à l'élément allongé 1. Lors de cette descente finale de l'élément allongé, les têtes des éléments 5.1, 5.2 et 5.3 s'engagent dans la partie inférieure respective de chacune des ouvertures 4.1, 4.2 et 4.3. Compte-tenu de la forme des têtes des éléments 5.1, 5.2 et 5.3 et de la manière de l'engagement de ces éléments dans les ouvertures 4.1, 4.2 et 4.3, on dit que les éléments allongés du dispositif de retenue modulaire selon l'invention, sont reliés les uns aux autres par « boutonnage ».When mounting the modular restraint according to the invention, an elongated element 1A is transported, by means of a mobile crane or semi-crane, equipped with a hydraulic grab, towards an elongated element 1 already in place and we approach the element elongated 1A, by its end provided with the male connection means 5, to the elongated element 1 already installed and having the end 2 provided the female connection means 4, while keeping the first element elongated 1A in the first position relative to the element elongated 1, that is to say suspended until the elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 are engaged in openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3. Then put the elongated element 1A in the second position relative to the elongated element 1. During this descent end of the elongated element, the heads of elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 engage in the respective lower part of each of the openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3. Given the shape of the heads of elements 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 and the manner of engagement of these elements in openings 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3, we say that the elongated elements of the modular restraint according to the invention, are connected to each other by "buttoning".

Ce principe de liaison permet d'une part, une pose moyennant des grues mobiles ou semi-grues sans personnel au sol, ce qui améliore considérablement la sécurité du personnel du chantier dans toutes les phases de manipulation des éléments du dispositif de retenue modulaire. D'autre part, la pose peut être faite avec une vitesse de travail de l'ordre de 200 mètres linéaires par heure et par semi-grue.This linking principle allows, on the one hand, an installation by mobile cranes or semi-cranes without staff at ground, which greatly improves the safety of personnel site in all phases of handling the elements of the modular restraint. On the other hand, the pose can be done with a working speed of the order of 200 linear meters per hour and by semi-crane.

En ce qui concerne la conception des éléments allongés 1 proprement dits, le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 9 est celui d'un assemblage de deux glissières 6, 7 en acier formant deux faces allongées latérales profilées et de deux connecteurs d'extrémité 11, 13 comprenant les deux faces d'extrémité respectivement 111 et 131, rassemblées de façon à former un élément prismatique.Regarding the design of elongated elements 1 proper, the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 9 is that of an assembly of two steel slides 6, 7 forming two profiled lateral elongated faces and two end connectors 11, 13 comprising the two faces 111 and 131 respectively, assembled so as to form a prismatic element.

Chacune des glissières 6, 7 est constituée par deux profilés standardisés référencés respectivement 6.1, 6.2 pour la glissière 6 et 7.1, 7.2 pour la glissière 7. L'utilisation de glissières standard assure une réparation rapide en cas de besoin. Les glissières sont reliées à leurs extrémités par les deux connecteurs d'extrémité 11, 13. Entre ces deux extrémités, les glissières 6 et 7 sont reliées l'une à l'autre moyennant trois connecteurs intermédiaires 12. Les profilés formant les glissières 6 et 7 sont en un acier dont l'alliage est déterminé de façon que, en cas d'accident, ces profilés, et notamment les profilés inférieurs 6.2, 7.2, puissent absorber l'énergie cinétique transmise aux glissières, pour partie dans des zones de déformation formées essentiellement entre les connecteurs d'extrémité 11, 13 et intermédiaires 12. Une partie restante de cette énergie est absorbée par le déplacement limité des éléments allongés. Cette déformation admise, le déplacement admis et la résistance à l'ouverture des liaisons entre les éléments allongés forment un ensemble de caractéristiques du dispositif de retenue adaptées les unes aux autres de façon que le dispositif puisse répondre aux exigences des normes de sécurité indiquées plus haut.Each of the slides 6, 7 is constituted by two sections standardized referenced respectively 6.1, 6.2 for slide 6 and 7.1, 7.2 for the slide 7. The use of standard slides ensures rapid repair if necessary. The slides are connected at their ends by the two end connectors 11, 13. Between these two ends, the slides 6 and 7 are connected to each other by means of three intermediate connectors 12. The profiles forming the slides 6 and 7 are made of a steel whose alloy is determined so that, in the event of an accident, these profiles, and especially the lower sections 6.2, 7.2, can absorb the kinetic energy transmitted to the slides, partly in deformation zones formed essentially between the end connectors 11, 13 and intermediate 12. A part remaining of this energy is absorbed by the limited displacement elongated elements. This admitted deformation, the displacement allowed and the resistance to the opening of the connections between the elements elongated form a set of features of the device retainers adapted to each other so that the device can meet the requirements of the indicated safety standards upper.

Avantageusement, le dispositif de retenue selon l'invention est complété sur chacune de ses faces latérales, d'une lisse métallique 18, 19 qui, pour une meilleure visibilité, est peinte en jaune. Le dispositif peut être équipé, en outre, d'éléments réfléchissants pour une meilleure visibilité de nuit.Advantageously, the retaining device according to the invention is completed on each of its side faces, with a smooth metallic 18, 19 which, for better visibility, is painted in yellow. The device can also be equipped with elements reflective for better visibility at night.

Les deux connecteurs d'extrémités 11 et 13 et les trois connecteurs intermédiaires 12. sont constitués par des profilés en tôle d'acier formés de façon à présenter d'une part une face approximativement triangulaire, abstraction faite de la partie tronquée supérieure, comme représenté sur les figures 4, 6 et 9, et d'autre part des parties latérales respectives représentées sur les figures 5, 6, 7 et 10, qui sont pourvues d'ouvertures de montage 15.1, 15.2 et 15.3 et 17 pour la fixation des glissières.The two end connectors 11 and 13 and the three intermediate connectors 12. are formed by profiles in sheet steel formed so as to present on the one hand a face approximately triangular, disregarding the part upper truncated, as shown in FIGS. 4, 6 and 9, and on the other hand, the respective side parts shown on the Figures 5, 6, 7 and 10, which are provided with mounting openings 15.1, 15.2 and 15.3 and 17 for fixing the rails.

Les éléments allongés sont pourvus de moyens 9 augmentant l'adhérence de l'élément allongé 1 sur la route. Ces moyens 9 sont constitués par des patins non glissants 9 dont deux sont disposés sur la face inférieure de l'un des deux connecteurs d'extrémité 11, 13 (la figure 6 les montre sous le connecteur d'extrémité 11) et dont les deux autres patins sont fixés sous le connecteur intermédiaire 12 le plus proche du connecteur d'extrémité 13, comme cela est indiqué sur la figure 3. Avantageusement, chacun des patins 9 est réalisé sous la forme d'un bloc en caoutchouc synthétique fixé sur une plaque métallique moyennant laquelle le patin est monté sous l'élément allongé 1. La face d'appui de chacun des patins 9 a des dimensions de l'ordre de 125 mm x 125 mm. D'autres dimensions peuvent être nécessaires en fonction du caoutchouc synthétique choisi.The elongated elements are provided with means 9 increasing the grip of the elongate member 1 on the road. These means 9 consist of non-slip pads 9 of which two are arranged on the underside of one of the two connectors end 11, 13 (Figure 6 shows them under the connector 11) and the other two pads of which are fixed under the intermediate connector 12 closest to the connector end 13, as shown in Figure 3. Advantageously, each of the pads 9 is produced in the form of a synthetic rubber block fixed on a plate metal by means of which the shoe is mounted under the element elongated 1. The bearing face of each of the pads 9 has dimensions of the order of 125 mm x 125 mm. Other dimensions may be required depending on synthetic rubber selected.

Selon une variante de réalisation, les patins 9 sont pourvus de crampons dont la longueur est choisie de façon qu'ils dépassent légèrement la face d'appui du bloc en caoutchouc.According to an alternative embodiment, the pads 9 are provided crampons, the length of which is chosen so that they protrude slightly the support face of the rubber block.

Les éléments allongés 1 du dispositif de retenue selon l'invention sont conçus de façon que le montage et le ripage peuvent se faire sur une seule voie de circulation, évitant ainsi l'immobilisation d'une seconde voie. De plus, leurs poids et dimensions permettent de transport d'un lot d'au moins vingt-quatre éléments allongés, représentant une longueur minimale de 144 m de dispositif de retenue, sur une semi-remorque grue de 22 t.The elongated elements 1 of the retaining device according to the invention are designed so that mounting and shifting can be done on a single lane, thus avoiding the immobilization of a second track. In addition, their weights and dimensions allow transport of a lot of at least twenty-four elongated elements, representing a minimum length of 144 m retainer, on a 22 t crane semi-trailer.

Claims (10)

Dispositif de retenue modulaire, pour des voies routières, comprenant un ensemble d'éléments (1, 1A) allongés suivant un axe longitudinal et destinés à être posés sur une route et reliés les uns aux autres à leurs extrémités (2, 3), chacun des éléments (1, 1A) comportant deux faces d'extrémités (111, 131) longitudinalement espacées, une des faces d'extrémité (111) étant pourvue d'un moyen de liaison mâle (5) et l'autre des faces d'extrémité (131) étant pourvue d'un moyen de liaison femelle (4), les moyens de liaison mâle et femelle (5, 4) étant conformés pour, dans une première position relative de deux éléments allongés (1,1A), permettre l'insertion de l'élément de liaison mâle (5) de l'un de ces deux éléments allongés dans l'élément de liaison femelle (4) de l'autre de ces deux éléments allongés et pour, dans une seconde position relative de deux éléments allongés (1, 1A), empêcher la séparation de ces éléments allongés, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque les éléments allongés (1) sont dans leur seconde position relative, les éléments de liaison femelle (4) et mâle (5) forment une liaison présentant un jeu suivant l'axe longitudinal, de manière à pouvoir faire travailler chaque élément séparément.Modular restraint for roadways, comprising a set of elements (1, 1A) elongated along a longitudinal axis and intended to be placed on a road and connected to each other at their ends (2, 3), each elements (1, 1A) comprising two end faces (111, 131) longitudinally spaced, one of the end faces (111) being provided with a male connection means (5) and the other of the faces of end (131) being provided with a female connection means (4), the male and female connection means (5, 4) being shaped to, in a first relative position of two elongated elements (1,1A), allow the insertion of the male connecting element (5) of one of these two elongated elements into the female connecting element (4) of the other of these two elongated elements and for, in a second relative position of two elongated elements (1, 1A), preventing the separation of these elongated elements, characterized in that , when the elongated elements (1) are in their second relative position, the female (4) and male (5) connecting elements form a connection having a clearance along the longitudinal axis, so that each item separately. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de liaison femelle (4) est constitué par au moins une ouverture présentant une partie supérieure circulaire et une partie inférieure dont la largeur est inférieure au diamètre de la partie supérieure et le moyen de liaison mâle (5) est constitué par au moins un élément d'accrochage comprenant un socle (51) ayant un diamètre D1, une partie intermédiaire (52) ayant un diamètre D2, plus petit que D1, ainsi qu'une tête tronconique (53) ayant un grand diamètre D3 et un petit diamètre D4, le diamètre D3 étant choisi de manière que la tête (53) puisse passer uniquement par la partie supérieure de l'ouverture (4).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the female connecting means (4) consists of at least one opening having a circular upper part and a lower part whose width is less than the diameter of the upper part and the connecting means male (5) is constituted by at least one hooking element comprising a base (51) having a diameter D1, an intermediate part (52) having a diameter D2, smaller than D1, as well as a frustoconical head (53) having a large diameter D3 and a small diameter D4, the diameter D3 being chosen so that the head (53) can pass only through the upper part of the opening (4). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de liaison femelle (4) est constitué par plusieurs ouvertures et en ce que le moyen de liaison mâle (5) est constitué par plusieurs éléments d'accrochage, le nombre des éléments d'accrochage (5) étant égal au nombre des ouvertures (4).Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the female connection means (4) consists of several openings and in that the male connection means (5) consists of several attachment elements, the number hooking elements (5) being equal to the number of openings (4). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de liaison femelle (4) comprend trois ouvertures et en ce que le moyen de liaison mâle (5) comprend trois éléments d'accrochage.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the female connection means (4) comprises three openings and in that the male connection means (5) comprises three hooking elements. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le jeu axial a une valeur comprise entre 2 mm et 12 mm.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial play has a value between 2 mm and 12 mm. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chacun des éléments allongés (1, 1A) est pourvu, sur une face (8) par laquelle il repose sur la route, de moyens (9) augmentant l'adhérence de l'élément allongé (1, 1A) sur la route.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the elongated elements (1, 1A) is provided, on one face (8) by which it rests on the road, with means (9) increasing the grip of the elongated element (1, 1A) on the road. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (9) augmentant l'adhérence sont constitués par des patins non glissants.Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the means (9) increasing the grip consist of non-slip pads. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les patins (9) sont réalisés en un matériau élastomérique.Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the pads (9) are made of an elastomeric material. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il atteint au moins le niveau de retenue BT4 selon la norme française XP P98453 ou tout niveau correspondant d'une autre norme.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it reaches at least the retention level BT4 according to French standard XP P98453 or any corresponding level of another standard. Procédé de pose d'un dispositif de retenue modulaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que, à chaque étape, un élément allongé (1A) est transporté vers un élément allongé (1) déjà mis en place, mis dans une première position relative par rapport à l'élément allongé (1) déjà mis en place pour permettre l'insertion du moyen de liaison mâle (5) de l'élément allongé transporté (1A) dans le moyen de liaison femelle (4) de l'élément allongé (1) déjà mis en place, et ensuite mis dans une seconde position relative par rapport à l'élément allongé (1) déjà mis en place pour empêcher la séparation de ces éléments allongés (1, 1A).Method for installing a modular restraint device according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that , at each step, an elongated element (1A) is transported to an elongated element (1) already in place , placed in a first position relative to the elongated element (1) already in place to allow the insertion of the male connection means (5) of the elongated transported element (1A) in the female connection means ( 4) of the elongated element (1) already in place, and then placed in a second position relative to the elongated element (1) already in place to prevent the separation of these elongated elements (1, 1A) .
EP03291722A 2002-07-11 2003-07-10 Modular barrier and method of erecting the same Expired - Lifetime EP1380696B1 (en)

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FR0208770A FR2842224B1 (en) 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 MODULAR RETENTION DEVICE AND METHOD FOR INSTALLING SUCH A DEVICE
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WO2005085533A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 Saferoads Pty Ltd Roadway barrier
US8393822B2 (en) 2004-03-03 2013-03-12 Saferoads Pty Ltd Roadway barrier
WO2007059542A1 (en) * 2005-11-24 2007-05-31 Delta Bloc Europa Gmbh Concrete safety barrier element
US8061926B2 (en) 2006-11-21 2011-11-22 Hill & Smith Limited Crash barrier beam
EP3029202A1 (en) 2014-12-02 2016-06-08 Aximum Modular metallic retaining device for roadways, module and installation method
FR3086678A1 (en) 2018-10-02 2020-04-03 Aximum HYBRID METAL-CONCRETE MODULE OF SEPARATOR OF TRAFFIC WAYS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SEPARATION BARRIER
EP3633106A1 (en) 2018-10-02 2020-04-08 Aximum Hybrid metal-concrete lane separator module and method for manufacturing a separating barrier

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DE60336963D1 (en) 2011-06-16
ES2364839T3 (en) 2011-09-15
ATE508228T1 (en) 2011-05-15
FR2842224B1 (en) 2005-02-25
PT1380696E (en) 2011-07-06
US20040057791A1 (en) 2004-03-25
EP1380696B1 (en) 2011-05-04
FR2842224A1 (en) 2004-01-16
CA2434606A1 (en) 2004-01-11

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