EP1377407A1 - Lot und lotverbindung - Google Patents
Lot und lotverbindungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1377407A1 EP1377407A1 EP03737270A EP03737270A EP1377407A1 EP 1377407 A1 EP1377407 A1 EP 1377407A1 EP 03737270 A EP03737270 A EP 03737270A EP 03737270 A EP03737270 A EP 03737270A EP 1377407 A1 EP1377407 A1 EP 1377407A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solder
- component
- particles
- contact surface
- metallic contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering or brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400°C
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistors
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistors electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistors electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3465—Application of solder
- H05K3/3485—Application of solder paste, slurry or powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/007—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of copper or another noble metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering or brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams or slurries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400°C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0203—Fillers and particles
- H05K2201/0206—Materials
- H05K2201/0209—Inorganic, non-metallic particles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
- H05K2201/0203—Fillers and particles
- H05K2201/0206—Materials
- H05K2201/0221—Insulating particles having an electrically conductive coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistors
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistors electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistors electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
- H05K3/3431—Leadless components
- H05K3/3442—Leadless components having edge contacts, e.g. leadless chip capacitors, chip carriers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a solder and a solder connection with a solder.
- Modern electrical devices in particular measuring devices, generally have at least one printed circuit board on which electronic components are arranged. These components must be mechanically attached to the circuit board and electrically connected to lines running in or on the circuit board.
- solder preferably mechanically, e.g. screen printed, applied to metallic contact surfaces on the circuit board.
- the components are then, preferably also mechanically, e.g. by means of an automatic placement machine, so applied to the circuit board that its metallic electrodes rest on the previously applied solder.
- the assembled printed circuit board is then placed in an oven in which a temperature cycle is run in which the solder connections are formed.
- Intermetallic phases are formed primarily at the contact surfaces. The formation is based on a diffusion process between adjacent layers of different metals and depends on a pressure and the temperature acting on the boundary layer.
- Intermetallic phases are very hard. As a rule, they can be used at very high temperatures, even at temperatures above the soldering temperature. However, they are very brittle. The strength of a solder joint decreases with an increasing layer thickness of the intermetallic phase. So far, efforts have been made to find soldering methods in which only very thin intermetallic phases are formed.
- diffusion soldering An alternative to this is diffusion soldering.
- diffusion soldering an intermetallic zone is specifically formed due to the very high temperatures involved in the soldering process.
- the intermetallic zone grows through the entire solder connection.
- this method can only be used with very small distances between elements to be soldered, for example a few micrometers. If the thin intermetallic zone is growing very fast it is not only resistant at high temperatures, it is also not as brittle as the intermetallic zones described above.
- the diffusion soldering process is limited to small distances between the elements to be soldered.
- the invention consists of a solder with particles with metallic surfaces incorporated therein.
- a distance between adjacent particles is less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
- the particles have a coating made of a metal.
- the particles consist of glass, ceramic or silicon.
- the coating consists of gold, silver, copper or tin.
- the invention further consists in a solder connection between a metallic contact surface of a first component and a metallic contact surface of a second component with a solder according to the invention, in which intermetallic zones are formed between the particles.
- the solder connection has a thickness of the order of one millimeter.
- the invention further consists in a method for producing a solder connection between a metallic contact surface of a first component and a metallic contact surface of a second component with a solder according to the invention, in which solder is applied to the metallic contact surface of the first component, the second component with its metallic contact surface is placed on the solder,
- the two components are introduced into an oven, and there they go through a temperature cycle, in which intermetallic zones are formed between adjacent particles and between the contact surfaces and these adjacent particles.
- the first component is a printed circuit board
- solder is applied mechanically at a plurality of solder points.
- the second and further components are placed on the soldering points by means of an automatic placement machine, and the printed circuit board is inserted into the furnace, where at the same time
- An advantage of the invention is that the distances between the particles are very small. In a soldering process, therefore, there is no soldering with a layer thickness that corresponds to the distance between the components to be connected, but rather a large number of solderings with a layer thickness that is given by the distance between adjacent particles. Since this distance is very small, as with diffusion soldering, intermetallic zones with layer thicknesses corresponding to the distance between adjacent particles are formed.
- the intermetallic zones ensure that the connection is mechanically stable at very high temperatures, even in the area of the soldering temperature.
- intermetallic zones grow very quickly due to their small dimensions and are therefore not as brittle as intermetallic zones that occur when using a solder without the addition of particles with metallic surfaces.
- Fig. 2 shows a circuit board with a plurality of components connected thereto by means of solder connection.
- the invention relates to a solder 1 with particles 3 with metallic surfaces incorporated therein.
- the basic material of Lot 1 is e.g. a commercially available solder, e.g. a tin-silver solder or a tin-lead solder.
- the particles 3 are introduced into this generally pasty base material, e.g. stirred.
- Particles 3 are preferably added in an amount such that a distance between the particles 3 is less than or equal to 5 ⁇ m.
- the particles 3 themselves are preferably spheres or hollow spheres with an average diameter of 50 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. They have a coating made of a metal.
- the coatings are preferably made of gold, silver, copper or tin. However, other metals can also be used.
- the particles 3 consist e.g. made of glass, ceramic or silicon.
- Such particles are commercially available e.g. available from Emerson & Cumings.
- the customer can choose the material of the particles 3 and the coatings from a wide range according to his special requirements.
- the first component 7 is e.g. a printed circuit board, e.g. a commercially available rigid circuit board, e.g. made of an epoxy resin-based insulating material, or a flexible printed circuit board, e.g. made of polyimide.
- the second component 11 is e.g. an electronic component, e.g. a surface-mountable component (SMD component), or a substrate.
- SMD component surface-mountable component
- Conductor tracks of the printed circuit board usually consist of copper and have exposed copper pads 13 where a connection is to be made. These copper pads 13 form the metallic contact surfaces 5.
- connection metallization 15 consists, for example, of a nickel layer and a gold layer.
- the nickel is applied galvanically, the gold chemically.
- the nickel layer is to be arranged between the copper pad 13 and the gold layer. It serves as a diffusion barrier and prevents copper from migrating into the gold layer. This type of surface improvement is often used for soldered connections.
- the metallic contact surfaces 9 of the second component 11 are, for example, electrodes 17 made of copper. You can also, as shown in Fig. 1, have a connection metal 19.
- Intermetallic zones are formed between the particles 3. Likewise, there are 3 intermetallic zones between the metallic contact surfaces 5 and 9 and the respectively adjacent particles.
- solder connections can be realized which have a thickness of the order of one millimeter.
- the solder connections in diffusion soldering, the solder connections have a maximum thickness of a few 10 ⁇ m.
- This extremely high thickness of the solder connection is possible because the solder connection consists of a large number of small solder connections, each of which exists between the adjacent particles 3 with one another and between the contact surfaces 5 and 9 and the particles 3 adjacent thereto.
- Each of these small solder joints is very similar in properties to a conventional diffusion solder joint. Esp. it has the advantageous properties of high temperature resistance and mechanical stability.
- the solder connection according to the invention is produced between the metallic contact surface 5 of a first component 7 and the metallic contact surface 9 of the second component 11 by applying solder 1 to the metallic contact surface 5 of the first component 7.
- the second component 11 is placed on the solder 3 with its metallic contact surface 9.
- the two components 7, 11 are then introduced into a furnace, for example a reflow soldering furnace, and there they go through a temperature cycle in which 3 intermetallic zones form between adjacent particles 3 and between the contact surfaces 5, 9 and particles adjacent to these.
- the solder 1 is preferably exposed to a high temperature very quickly.
- An upper limit for the temperature results from an upper temperature limit for the soldering of the commercially available solder used as the base material. This upper temperature limit depends on the material and is usually specified by the manufacturer. The higher the temperature, the faster the intermetallic zones grow. A rapid growth causes a certain elasticity of the intermetallic zones and thereby brings about a higher mechanical strength of the solder connection obtained in this way.
- solder 3 containing particles 3 can also be used in fully or partially automated industrial processes and is also suitable for the mechanical production of printed circuit boards in which solder connections have to be made for a large number of components.
- 2 shows a printed circuit board with a large number of components 21.
- the first component 7 is a printed circuit board.
- solder 3 containing particles 3 is machined, e.g. applied by screen printing or by means of a dispenser. Soldering points are typically those points at which the printed circuit board has metallic contact surfaces 5.
- the second component 11 shown in FIG. 1 and further components 21 are placed on the soldering points by means of an automatic placement machine and the circuit board is introduced into the furnace. Soldered connections between the printed circuit board and the second and the further components 11, 21 are produced there at the same time.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE20320259U DE20320259U1 (de) | 2002-02-06 | 2003-01-24 | Lot und Lotverbindung |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10204960 | 2002-02-06 | ||
| DE10204960A DE10204960A1 (de) | 2002-02-06 | 2002-02-06 | Lot- und Lotverbindung |
| PCT/EP2003/000713 WO2003066274A1 (de) | 2002-02-06 | 2003-01-24 | Lot und lotverbindung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1377407A1 true EP1377407A1 (de) | 2004-01-07 |
Family
ID=27588448
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03737270A Withdrawn EP1377407A1 (de) | 2002-02-06 | 2003-01-24 | Lot und lotverbindung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1377407A1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003244434A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10204960A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003066274A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1600249A1 (de) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-11-30 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Lotzusammensetzung und Methode der Produktion eines Lötmittelanschlusses |
| DE102013219433B4 (de) * | 2013-09-26 | 2019-05-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektronisches Leistungsmodul mit elastischen Kontakten und Stapelaufbau mit einem solchen Leistungsmodul |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0164906B1 (de) * | 1984-05-14 | 1989-11-23 | RAYCHEM CORPORATION (a Delaware corporation) | Weichlotzusammensetzung |
| US5089356A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1992-02-18 | The Research Foundation Of State Univ. Of New York | Carbon fiber reinforced tin-lead alloy as a low thermal expansion solder preform |
| US5346775A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1994-09-13 | At&T Laboratories | Article comprising solder with improved mechanical properties |
| US5540379A (en) * | 1994-05-02 | 1996-07-30 | Motorola, Inc. | Soldering process |
| WO1996019314A1 (de) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-06-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Lotmetall und dessen verwendung zur bildung einer lötverbindung zwischen zwei objekten |
| DE19649458A1 (de) * | 1996-03-14 | 1998-10-22 | Tech Gmbh Antriebstechnik Und | Lotmaterial zur Anbringung von großen Halbleiterchips |
| DE19930190C2 (de) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-12-13 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Lötmittel zur Verwendung bei Diffusionslötprozessen |
| DE19947914A1 (de) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-12 | Abb Research Ltd | Verfahren zum Weichlöten von Komponenten und weichgelötete Anordnung |
| WO2002020211A1 (de) * | 2000-09-07 | 2002-03-14 | Infineon Techonologies Ag | Lötmittel zur verwendung bei diffusionslötprozessen sowie verfahren zur herstellung von lötverbindungen unter verwendung des lötmittels |
-
2002
- 2002-02-06 DE DE10204960A patent/DE10204960A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-01-24 AU AU2003244434A patent/AU2003244434A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-24 EP EP03737270A patent/EP1377407A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-01-24 WO PCT/EP2003/000713 patent/WO2003066274A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03066274A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003244434A1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
| WO2003066274A1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
| DE10204960A1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20031007 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20031209 |
|
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE SI SK TR |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20040420 |