EP1375764A1 - Building framework particularly of the dwelling-type - Google Patents

Abstract

The framework comprises a load bearing structure (2) surmounted by several trusses (3) forming a roof frame. The structure is constituted from several inverted U-shaped arches each comprising two posts (13) on which a horizontal beam (15) is fixed. An Independent claim is included for a building comprising a framework.

Description

The present invention relates to a building frame or similar, especially of the residential type.

However, although more particularly intended for such applications, the framework can be used, in general, for any other type of building and especially warehouse type.

There are many types of buildings among these, there there is a category of building with a supporting structure and firm to constitute the roof framework.

In this building category, the supporting structure is generally made from walls on which crosspieces are placed intended to support a ceiling. The whole is notably surmounted by farms, which are made from one entrance and two half-farms, the entrance and the half-farms forming a non-deformable triangle which is then secured audit floor.

Depending on the dimensions of the building and also materials used for the realization of the farms, we use a plurality of trusses distributed parallel to each other along the length of the floor.

The realization of this type of building presents different disadvantages. In particular, the roof framework can only be produced when the walls are fully constructed, which can delay the dewatering and outside of said building. In addition, the walls are generally made on the site, for example in the case of brick walls, and their construction represents a significant part of the time taken to complete the building. In addition, given that the walls are load-bearing, it is not possible to use certain materials with low resistance mechanical.

Furthermore, this type of building once completed can hardly be modified and especially enlarged since the load-bearing walls support the roof and cannot be removed or moved at the same time. In in addition, the transport of triangular trusses, the dimensions of which depend on those of the building, poses certain transport problems.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a framework of a building or the like, in particular of the residential type, which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned above and allows the realization of a building from elements standardized, in particular in wood, of little complex structure, made for part previously in workshop, but adaptable on site.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a building frame or similar, in particular of the dwelling type, which allows to postpone the realization of the exterior facings of the construction of the said building, while allowing rapid advancement of the rest of the construction.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a framework of a building, in particular of the dwelling type, which can be produced in the form of modules so as to allow the building of various dimensions and shapes, whether it is the supporting structure or the roof structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a framework of building or similar, in particular of the dwelling type, which is easy to make and / or transport.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a building frame or similar, in particular of the dwelling type, which no load-bearing wall required.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will appear during the description which follows which is given only as indicative and which is not intended to limit it.

The invention relates to a building frame or the like, in particular of the residential type, comprising a supporting structure, surmounted by a plurality of trusses forming a roof framework, characterized in that that said supporting structure is made up of a plurality of shaped arches of inverted U.

The invention also relates to a building or the like. comprising a framework as mentioned above.

• la figure 1 illustre en vue de profil une ossature de bâtiment conforme à l'invention,
• la figure 2 illustre un exemple de réalisation d'une ferme conforme à l'invention,
• la figure 3 illustre sous forme éclatée l'exemple de réalisation de la ferme de la figure 2,
• la figure 4 illustre un exemple de réalisation de la structure porteuse conforme à l'invention,
• la figure 5 illustre en perspective un exemple de réalisation de la structure porteuse conforme à l'invention.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, accompanied by the appended drawings which form an integral part thereof and among which:

• FIG. 1 illustrates in profile view a building framework in accordance with the invention,
• FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a farm in accordance with the invention,
• FIG. 3 illustrates in exploded form the example of embodiment of the farm of FIG. 2,
• FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the support structure according to the invention,
• Figure 5 illustrates in perspective an embodiment of the supporting structure according to the invention.

The present invention relates to a building frame or similar, especially of the residential type. Referring to Figure 1, we see that the framework 1 comprises a supporting structure 2 surmounted by a plurality of trusses 3 forming roof framework.

With particular reference to Figures 4 and 5, we see that said supporting structure 2 consists of a plurality of arches 12 in inverted U shape. Said arches 12 are arranged parallel to each other, preferably over the entire surface of the building, and will allow the front façade, the floor and the rear façade of the construction.

Said hoops 12 are in particular arranged parallel between them at a distance between 40 cm and one meter.

According to the invention, an embodiment, each hoop 12 has two vertical posts 13 and a horizontal load-bearing zone 14 constituted by a horizontal beam 15. Said horizontal beam 15 is fixed on the two posts 13, said fixing being able to be carried out by any means known to those skilled in the art and, for example, by a grid / claw assembly, when the hoops are made from solid wood pieces or composite.

Depending on the length of the building, said length being defined by the side of the building perpendicular to the plane formed by an arch 12, said horizontal beam 15 can be made in at least two parts.

Referring to Figure 4, we see that, according to a mode advantageous embodiment, said horizontal beam 15 is produced in three parts 15 ', 15 "and 15"', the lengths of these different parts 15 ', 15 "and 15"' being calculated so that the connection between the parts 15 'and 15 ", on the one hand, and 15 "and 15" ', on the other hand, is carried out in the areas where the stresses exerted by the roof pressure are the lowest.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each hoop 12 is made, on site, from two prefabricated brackets standard, each of the brackets consisting of a post 13 and a horizontal part 15 'or 15 "', to which brackets we associate part 15" ' complementary. This embodiment has the particular advantage of allow the production of angle brackets in an industrial manner and standardized, while making it possible to produce poles 12 of length variable using on the site 15 "parts, complementary to different sizes to obtain the total length of the arch 12 desired.

In order to stiffen the supporting structure produced by the plurality of arches 12, said arches 12 are connected and space between them at by means of at least one cross member, not shown in the drawings attached. Said cross member is arranged substantially perpendicular to the horizontal beams 15 at their edge inferior.

In addition, in order to facilitate assembly and strengthen the framework, we clean at the lower edge of each beam horizontal 15 a notch 16 at the level of which a longitudinal support beam, not shown in the figures.

It is also possible to strengthen the rigidity of the structure carrier 2 by connecting together the outer edges 17 of the uprights 15 between them by means of a longitudinal cross member 18. This constitutes a chain.

However, said supporting structure 2 is overcome by a plurality of trusses 3, in particular of wood.

According to the invention, each farm 3 is open and comprises two half-farms 4. In addition, said farm 3 is subject to said structure carrier 2 at the lower end 5 of each half-farm 4.

With particular reference to Figures 2 and 3, we see that each farm 3 can further comprise a V-shaped part 6 reversed. Said part 6 is intended to constitute the top of the framework of roof, it has two branches 7, the lower part of which is subject to the upper end 8 of each half-farm 4.

This piece 6 in the shape of an inverted V presents between the two branches 7 an angle α which corresponds to the slope of the roof.

This part 6 in the form of an inverted V therefore makes it possible to produce with precision the slope of the roof over the entire framework 1. This precision is all the more important as said V-shaped part 6 can be produced at the factory in a standardized way and not on the construction site even.

It is also possible to modify the length of the branches 7 of said part 6 so as to increase the height of the roof, or adjust the roof according to the width of the building. So in a mode of advantageous embodiment, the length of the branches 7 of the piece 6 in the form of Inverted V is determined according to the total height of the slope, which allows in particular to use half-farms 4 of identical size whatever or the slope height.

The assembly of the branches 7 of the V-shaped part 6 reversed with the respective upper ends 8 of the half-trusses 4 is preferably carried out in particular by metal connections, bonding or nailing. However, it will be possible to envisage any other known technique of a person skilled in the art, in particular in the field of carpentry, and by example a subjection by means of screws.

Referring more particularly to FIG. 2, it can be seen that each farm 3 has a reinforcing element or mold 9 which connects the half-farms 4 of the same farm between them, or possibly in another mode embodiment, which connects the branches 7 of the inverted V-shaped part 6.

This month 9 is divided into three parts. Two of the 11-11 'parties are respectively subject to one and the other of the half-farms 4 of a same farm, or if necessary, to one or other of the branches 7, and are interconnected by means of a cross member 10 constituting the third part.

In the embodiment using a part 6 in the form of Inverted V whose branches 7 are of variable size and whose angle y corresponds to that of the desired slope, said crosspiece 10 has a size variable, which makes it possible to have 11-11 'elements from the 9th dimension identical regardless of the angle and height of said slope.

Once the supporting structure 2 has been produced, as described previously, the trusses 3 are assembled on said supporting structure 2. Thus, each open farm 3, is subject directly to the structure carrier 2, which may possibly include sand breakouts 19, which has the effect of closing said truss 3, said supporting structure 2 replacing thus effectively the entry conventionally used. The assembly of each closes on said supporting structure 12 thus allows the formation of a triangle non-deformable that can accept the load of the roof proper.

We can place but not necessarily, in the mode of advantageous embodiment where said supporting structure 2 consists of a plurality of arches 12, an open truss 3 vertical to each of said hoops 12.

The framework thus formed is stable and does not require a wall additional carrier. However, we can add so that the load-bearing structure 2 supports heavy weights one or more posts vertical 20 subject to one or more uprights 15.

Once the framework is completed, we can then finish the construction of the building, in particular by adding insulation elements and facing bricks in the form of walls 21.

It is important to note at this level that given the framework 1, said walls 21 do not have to support the weight of the building and can therefore have a low rigidity, which makes it possible to use for the making these walls 21 generally light and inexpensive materials or which favors insulation or decoration.

Naturally, other embodiments, within the reach of skilled in the art, could have been envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims below.

Claims (13)

Framework of a building or the like, in particular of the dwelling type, comprising a load-bearing structure (2), surmounted by a plurality of trusses (3) forming a roof framework, characterized in that said load-bearing structure (2) consists of a plurality of 'poles (12) in the shape of an inverted U. Frame according to claim 1, in which said poles (12) are arranged parallel to each other at a distance between 40 cm and one meter. Framework according to any one of claims 1 and 2 in which each arch (12) comprises two posts (13) on which is fixed a horizontal beam (15). A framework as claimed in claim 3, wherein said horizontal beam (15) is made in at least two parts (15 ', 15 "and 15"'). A framework as claimed in claim 3, wherein each hoop (12) is made from two brackets, each consisting of a post (13) and a horizontal part (15 ′, 15 ″), to which brackets is associated a complementary horizontal part (15 "'). Framework according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said arches (12) are interconnected by means of at least a cross member disposed substantially perpendicular to said beams horizontal (15) at their lower edge. Framework according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which: each farm is open and includes two half-farms (4) each farm is subject to said support structure (2) at the lower end (5) of each half-farm (4). A framework as claimed in claim 7, wherein each firm (3) further comprises an inverted V-shaped part (6) connected to the two half-farms (4) at the upper end (8) of said half-farms (4). A framework according to claim 8, wherein the angle formed between the two arms (7) of the inverted V-shaped part (6) corresponds to the slope of the roof. Frame according to either of Claims 8 and 9, in which the length of said branches (7) of said V-shaped part inverted (6) is determined according to the height of the roof slope. Framework according to any one of claims 8 to 10, in which a mold (9) is provided connecting the branches (7) of said inverted V-shaped part (6), or the two half-trusses (4) of the same firm (3). Framework according to any one of claims 8 to 11 previous, in which the upper end (8) of each half-firm (4) is secured to the branches (7) of said inverted V-shaped part (6) by gluing or nailing. Building or similar comprising a framework (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 12.

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