EP1373444A1 - Compositions lubrifiantes pour compresseur - Google Patents

Compositions lubrifiantes pour compresseur

Info

Publication number
EP1373444A1
EP1373444A1 EP02703760A EP02703760A EP1373444A1 EP 1373444 A1 EP1373444 A1 EP 1373444A1 EP 02703760 A EP02703760 A EP 02703760A EP 02703760 A EP02703760 A EP 02703760A EP 1373444 A1 EP1373444 A1 EP 1373444A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricant composition
composition according
total weight
polyalkyleneglycol
lubricant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02703760A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Steven James Randles
Mitchell Corner
Robert Ian George Thompson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Publication of EP1373444A1 publication Critical patent/EP1373444A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C10M129/14—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/30—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms
    • C10M129/32—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 7 or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C10M129/28—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M129/38—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms
    • C10M129/42—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68—Esters
    • C10M129/76—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/40—Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
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    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
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    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M133/46—Imidazoles
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    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
    • C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
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    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
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    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
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    • C10M137/08—Ammonium or amine salts
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to lubricant compositions for use in gas compressors, especially sliding-vane rotary compressors.
  • hydrocarbon gases include compressed natural gas, landfill gas, biogas, digester gas and wellhead gas.
  • the compressors used in such applications require lubrication to reduce friction and wear and to provide, in some designs, a sealing effect.
  • Many of the gases, depending upon their sources, contain significant quantities of impurities that can lead to aggressive environments within which the compressors have to work. For example, hydrocarbon gases frequently contain up to 20% of hydrogen sulphide and/or up to 50% carbon dioxide.
  • Compressors used to compress gases include screw, reciprocating, scroll and sliding-vane rotary compressors.
  • Lubricants used to lubricate such compressors include mineral oils, white oil, poly ⁇ olefins (PAOs) and polyalkyleneglycols (PAGs).
  • synthetic lubricants such as PAGs have been used successfully in screw and reciprocating compressors, their use in scroll and sliding vane rotary compressors have not been successful. This is probably due to the higher loads experienced in such compressors, especially sliding-vane rotary compressors in which high loads are experienced at the tips of the vanes and especially along the sides of the vanes as they reciprocate in their guide slots. These problems are exacerbated by acidic impurities in hydrocarbon gases causing corrosion.
  • the lubricant has been typically a mineral oil.
  • An alternative lubricant that has been used, but only with certain hydrocarbons, is a poly olefin lubricant
  • a lubricant composition for use in a sliding-vane rotary vane compressor comprises:- a) a polyalkyleneglycol base oil component, said polyalkyleneglycol comprising a random copolymer of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) having an EO:PO ratio between 3:1 and 1:3 and having been initiated with a com- pound having five carbon atoms or less; b) 0.01% to 10% based on total weight of the composition of an antiwear additive; c) 0.05% to 5% based on total weight the composition of an antioxidant; d) 0% to 1 % based on total weight the composition of a metal passivator; e) 0% to 2% based on total weight the composition of an anticorrosion agent; and f) 0% to 2% based on total weight the composition of a vapour phase anticorrosion agent.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • PO propylene oxide
  • polyalkyleneglycols and their preparation are described in Synthetic Lubricants and High-Performance Functional 2 nd Edition Edited by Leslie R Rudnick and Ronald L Shubkin, 1999, 0-8247-0194-1). Particular reference is made to Part I, Section 6 of that publication.
  • Preferred polyalkyleneglycols according to the invention have a molecular weight such that the kinematic viscosity of the polyalkyleneglycol is at least 10 cSt, more preferably 12 cSt, at the operating temperatures and pressures of the compressor.
  • preferred polyalkyleneglycols according to the invention have a kinematic viscosity of at least 10 cSt, more preferably 12 cSt ⁇ . 100°C.
  • Preferred polyalkyleneglycols according to the invention have an EO:PO ratio between 2:1 and 1 :2, more preferably between 1.5:1 and 1 :1.5, but especially 1 :1. Furthermore, preferred polyalkyleneglycols according to the invention have been initiated with methanol or butanol.
  • Preferred polyalkyleneglycols have a viscosity index of at least 150 and, more especially, at least 200. Preferred compositions according to the invention do not have a viscosity improver present therein. Preferred polyalkyleneglycols have a pour point of less than -10°C more preferably less than -20°C and particularly less than -30°C.
  • Preferred polyalkyleneglycols have an acid number of less than 0.2 mgKOH/g.
  • the lubricant composition comprises 0.1% to 5%, more especially 0.5% to 2.5%, based on total weight of the composition of the antiwear additive.
  • Preferred antiwear additives are selected from phosphates, phosphites, thiophos- phates, thiophosphites, dithiocarbomates, amine phosphates and amine phosphates and mixtures thereof.
  • suitable antiwear additives include tricresyl phosphate, aliphatic amine salt of phosphoric acid monohexyl ester, tri iso nonyl phenyl phosphite and triphenyl phosphorothionate.
  • the lubricant composition comprises 0.5% to 2.5% based on total weight the composition of the antioxidant.
  • Preferred antioxidants are selected from high temperature antioxidants, for example ashless aminic antioxidants alkylated phenyl napthylamine, alkylated diphenyl amine, polymerized hydroxyquinolines, iminodibenzyl and medium temperature antioxidants, for example gallates, sterically hindered phenolic and diphenolic antioxidants, and mixtures thereof.
  • suitable high temperature antioxidants include p,p- dioctyldiphenylamine, octyl phenyl napthylamine, polymerised 1 ,2-dihydro-2,2,4- trimetylquinoline.
  • suitable medium temperature antioxidants include 6-t- butylphenol, 2,6-dibutylphenol and 4-methyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-alpha- dimethylamino-p-cresol, propyl gallate and 4,4'-methylene-bis(1 ,1-dimethyl-ethyl)- phenol.
  • Metal passivators when present in the lubricant composition to protect metal surfaces exposed to the gases that are being compressed.
  • the metals used in the construe- tion of compressors include copper and white metals, eg zinc, alumirium etc, and alloys thereof and other metal alloys including lead-containing alloys.
  • the lubricant composition comprises 0.05% to 0.5% based on total weight the composition of a metal passivator.
  • suitable metal passivators include gallates, imidazole, benzimidazole, pyrazole, benzotriazole, tolutriazole, tolu- triazole, 2-methyl benzimidazole, 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole and methylene bis- benzotriazole and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricant composition comprises 0.1% to 2%, more especially 0.1 % to 0.5%, based on total weight the composition of an ashless anticorrosion additive.
  • Example of suitable ashless anticorrosion additives includes amine napthalene sulpho- nates, amine phosphates, alkenyl succinic half ester, organic poycarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof.
  • amine napthalene sulpho- nates amine phosphates
  • alkenyl succinic half ester organic poycarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricant composition comprises 0.05% to 2%, more especially 0.1 % to 0.5%, based on total weight the composition of a vapoup-phase anticorrosion additive.
  • the compressor are submerged under the lubricant composition, there are parts of the compressor and associated pipe-work etc that are ex- posed to the gases and any aggressive impurities they carry.
  • Vapour-phase anticorrosion agents are volatilised from the lubricant composition at the operating temperatures of the compressor and coat other exposed surfaces to protect them from attack.
  • vapour-phase anticorrosion agents include dicarboxylic acids, silicones, siloxanes, silanes, silicates and volatile amines and mixtures thereof.
  • the dicarboxylic acids are C 7 or higher acids for example docecanedioc acid;
  • the Si-containing compounds include decamethycyclopentasiloxane, di- methylsiloxane pentamer, trimethylsilyl (2,6-di(trimethylsiloxy)phenyl) methanoate, triethoxy (3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl) silane and tetraethyl silicate;
  • volatile amines include primary amines, tripropylamine and ethyl-di-2- ethylhexylamine.
  • Lubricant compositions according to the invention may also comprise one or more other lubricant additives of known functionality at levels between 0.0001 and 20 %, more preferably between 0.01 and 10% more especially between 0.01 and 5%.
  • Suit- able additives include extreme pressure agents, acid scavengers, foaming agents, anti-foaming agents, stabilisers, surfactants, lubricity improvers or oiliness agents and friction modifiers.
  • a sliding-vane rotary vane compressor of a lubricant composition comprising:- a) a polyalkyleneglycol base oil component, said polyalkyleneglycol comprising a random copolymer of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) having an EO:PO ratio between 3:1 and 1 :3 and having been initiated with a com- pound having five carbon atoms or less; b) 0.01% to 10% based on total weight of the composition of an antiwear additive; c) 0.05% to 5% based on total weight the composition of an antioxidant; d) 0% to 1 % based on total weight the composition of a metal passivator; e) 0% to 2% based on total weight the composition of an anticorrosion agent; and f) 0% to 2% based on total weight the composition of a vapour-phase anticorrosion agent.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • PO propylene oxide
  • a method of lubricating a rotary vane compressor comprises utilising a lubricant composition
  • a lubricant composition comprising:- a) a polyalkyleneglycol base oil component, said polyalkyleneglycol comprising a random copolymer of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) having an EO:PO ratio between 3:1 and 1 :3 and having been initiated with a compound having five carbon atoms or less; b) 0.01% to 10% based on total weight of the composition of an antiwear additive; c) 0.05% to 5% based on total weight the composition of an antioxidant; d) 0% to 1 % based on total weight the composition of a metal passivator; e) 0% to 2% based on total weight the composition of an anticorrosion agent; and f) 0% to 2% based on total weight the composition of a vapour-phase anticorrosion agent
  • a sliding-vane rotary compressor charged with a lubricant composition comprising:- a) a polyalkyleneglycol base oil component, said polyalkyleneglycol comprising a random copolymer of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) having an EO:PO ratio between 3:1 and 1 :3 and having been initiated with a compound having five carbon atoms or less; b) 0.01% to 10% based on total weight of the composition of an antiwear additive; c) 0.05% to 5% based on total weight the composition of an antioxidant; d) 0% to 1 % based on total weight the composition of a metal passivator; e) 0% to 2% based on total weight the composition of an anticorrosion agent; and
  • a lubricant composition for use in a sliding-vane rotary vane compressor comprising:- a) a polyalkyleneglycol base oil component, said polyalkyleneglycol comprising a random copolymer of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) having an EO:PO ratio between 1.5:1 and 1 :1.5 and having been initiated by metha- nol or butanol and having a kinematic viscosity of at least 12 cSt at 100°C;
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • PO propylene oxide
  • vapour-phase anticorrosion additive 0 0% to 0.5% based on total weight the composition of a vapour-phase anticorrosion additive.
  • Preferred lubricant compositions according to the invention consist essentially of said polyalkyleneglycol base oil component and additives.
  • Preferred lubricant compositions according to the invention have an acid number of less than 0.5 mgKOH/g.
  • Lubricant compositions according to the invention provide good lubrication in sliding- vane rotary compressors with a variety of gases.
  • the polyalkyleneglycol has a relatively low solubility in the gases but has the ability to absorb water.
  • the low gas solubility ensures, along with the specified additives, that there is sufficient lubricant composition present to lubricate the sliding vanes and their tips and to provide a seal at the vane tips between the high and low pressure sides of each vane.
  • the ability of lubricant compositions according to the invention to absorb water that condenses from the gas as the compressor cools down as compared to any water remaining free in the compressor means that corrosion of metal components by the water is minimised or pre- vented.
  • the lubricant composition of the invention forms a single phase with water over the normal operating temperature of the compressor. The absorbed water, following start up of the compressor, does not affect the efficacy of the lubri- cant composition, the single phase of lubricant composition and water being pumped through the system to lubricate it.
  • Lubricant compositions according to the invention also have the advantage of working in compressors used for pumping a variety of gases including hydrocarbon gases and air. Thus, it offers major logistical advantages in that compressor manufacturers only need stock one grade of lubricant avoiding issues of separate storage tanks for multiple grades, potentially filling compressors with the wrong lubricant etc.
  • the low cost of maintenance of sliding-vane compressors make them particularly useful in gas-boosting applications, particularly for micro-turbine applications.
  • a booster machine compresses air or gas from a pressure above atmospheric to a still higher pressure.
  • Booster machines have many uses, especially in oil and gas fields and related industries. Examples of gas boosting are the feeding of wellhead gas to pipelines or of natural gas to gas turbines.
  • the compressor is used to supply gas at the flow rate and pressure needed for continu- ous operation of the turbine.
  • Even small amounts of petroleum-based lubricants carried over in the gas to the turbine may produce carbonaceous deposits in the gas inlet nozzles of the turbine restricting flow and causing flameout.
  • the low carry over, high thermal stability and clean burning capabilities of lubricant compositions according to the invention make them particularly suited for this role.
  • the compression of the gas may be either single- or multistage, depending upon the pressure differentials, horsepower, and the analysis of the gas.
  • Figure 1 shows a diametrical section through of a sliding-vane rotary compressor
  • Figure 2 is a graphical representation of the results obtained in Example 2.
  • Figure 3 is a graphical representation of the results obtained in Example 3; and Figure 4 is a graphical representation of the results obtained in Example 5.
  • the sliding-vane rotary compressor 10 has housing 12 having a cylindrical bore 14.
  • the low-pressure side of the compressor 10 has a gas inlet 16 leading into the bore 14.
  • a high-pressure gas outlet 18 extends from the bore 14 at a location circumferentially remote from the gas inlet 16.
  • a rotor 20 is mounted in the bore 14 for rotation about an axis, the axis being offset from the axis of the bore 14 such that the rotor 20 is in sliding contact with the bore 14 between the outlet 18 and the inlet 16 in the direction of rotation of the rotor 20
  • the rotor 20 has slots 22 that are equi-circumferentially spaced around its periphery.
  • the slots 22 extend tangentially to a circle centred on the axis of the rotor 20 but of diameter smaller than the rotor 20 whereby the slots 22 are inclined relative to the rotor 20 in the direction of rotation thereof.
  • Each slot 22 has a vane 24 mounted in it; the vanes 24 each being able to slide in its slot 22 under the influence of centrifugal force outwardly relative to the rotor 20 to engage the bore 14.
  • the rotation of the rotor 20 causes the vanes 24 to be forced into engagement with the bore 14 and define between adjacent vanes 24 a variable gas compression volume 26.
  • Gas entering the gas compression volumes 26 through the inlet 16 is compressed as the vanes sweep through the bore 14, the volumes 26 decreasing in volume as the vanes 24 approach the outlet 18.
  • a lubricant composition is present in the compressor 10 to lubricate the sides of the vanes 22 as they slide in the slots 22.
  • the lubricant composition also lubricants and provides a satisfactory seal between the high and low pressure sides each vane 22
  • Lubricant compositions (Samples 1 and 2) according to the invention has as a base oil component a butanol-initiated polyalkylene glycol having an EO:PO ratio of 1 :1 and has the additives shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 The effect of a hydrocarbon, eg heptane, on the viscosity of Sample 1 and of comparative samples, namely Sample 3 - a commercially available mineral oil formulation used in sliding-vane rotary compressors available under the trade name Hydro- vane 2000 from Compair Hydrovane - and Sample 4 - a commercially available phthalate ester formulation used in sliding-vane rotary compressors available under the trade name Compair CS300 from Compair- was tested. The test was done by first measuring the viscosity of the neat samples. Then the viscosity of the samples following exposure to heptane was measured.
  • a hydrocarbon eg heptane
  • the samples were exposed to heptane by pouring 40mls of the sample into a measuring cylinder and adding 4mls, ie 10%, of heptane into the cylinder. The sample and the heptane were stirred together for 5 minutes and then left to separate for one hour. The heptane layer that separated from the sample was then removed and the viscosity of the sample determined. The test was repeated with fresh quantities of the samples and added amounts of heptane at levels of 8mls, ie 20%, 12mls, ie 30%, and 16mls, i.e. 40%.
  • the viscosity of each of the tested samples was measured using the ASTM D445 method at 40°C.
  • Compressed dry nitrogen was passed in sequence through the tubes containing Samples 1 and 4 and through the respective tubes containing water at a rate of 1 litre/hour. The test was carried out at 175 °C for 168 hours.
  • the samples were tested for kinematic viscosity @ 40 °C and Acid Value (Neutralisation number) and were then compared to the initially-measured values of those parameters for evaluation of the performance of the lubricant compo- sitions.
  • the acid value measurement was a combination of acid values of both the Samples 1 and 4 and the respective water samples associated therewith to allow for the fact that low molecular weight acid from the decomposition of the lubricant compositions were volatilised from the Samples 1 and 4. The results are shown in
  • Sample 1 has a much lower change in viscosity and acid value as compared to Sample 4
  • Example 5 Compair-Hydrovane air compressors were charged with lubricant compositions of Samples 1 , 3 and 4 and Samples 5 and 6 which were respectively a PAO available from Mobil and phthalate ester formulation used in sliding-vane rotary compressors available under the trade name Compair CS500 from Compair.
  • the compressors were run continuously apart from being stopped at intervals to allow sampling of the lubricant compositions.
  • the samples of the compositions were analysed for iron content, the amount of iron content being indicative of wear in the compressors.
  • the results are plotted in Figure 4.
  • the normal oil change interval for mineral oil is indi- cated on the graph as 2000 hours. Although the graph only goes up to 2500 hours, the tests were in fact run for a total of 4000 hours before being stopped.
  • Sample 1 in accordance with the invention, performed significantly better than the lubricant compositions normally used for this ap- plication.
  • compressors used in well-head applications including those involving aggressive (sour) gas compositions, have exceeded 8000 hours service.
  • compressors have exceeded 10000 hours service.
  • Lubricant compositions according to the invention permit the lubricant in a compres- sor to be changed at the compressor service intervals, eg one year, rather than at an oil service interval of say 2000 hours that was necessary using existing lubricant compositions.

Abstract

Cette invention concerne une composition lubrifiante pour compresseur rotatif à palettes comprenant une composante d'huile de base au polyalkylène glycol ainsi que des additifs anti-usure, des antioxydants et des agents de passivation pour métaux avec, éventuellement, des agents anticorrosion et des agents anticorrosion en phase vapeur. La composante d'huile de base au polyalkylène glycol est un copolympère aléatoire d'oxyde d'éthylène (EO) et d'oxyde de propylène (PO) avec un rapport EO:PO compris entre 3:1 et 1:3, de préférence entre 1.5:1 et 1:1.5, qui a été démarré avec un composé comptant au maximum cinq atomes de carbone.
EP02703760A 2001-03-26 2002-03-08 Compositions lubrifiantes pour compresseur Withdrawn EP1373444A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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GB0107502 2001-03-26
GBGB0107502.7A GB0107502D0 (en) 2001-03-26 2001-03-26 Lubricant compositions
PCT/GB2002/001073 WO2002077135A1 (fr) 2001-03-26 2002-03-08 Comositions lubrifiantes pour compresseur

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EP (1) EP1373444A1 (fr)
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US20050250654A1 (en) 2005-11-10
WO2002077135A1 (fr) 2002-10-03
JP2004524414A (ja) 2004-08-12

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