EP1367180B1 - Apparatus for making in-situ piles - Google Patents

Abstract

To form a pillar of material in the ground, the machinery (1) has an equipment carrier (10) with a slide (14) moving on a column (12) to operate an oscillating borehole tamper (16) in the ground (100), with a driving head and a material feed pipe. A cable reel (22) is at a projecting jib from the column, to move a container (26) to charge the feed pipe through a loading lock (18). The container has a relative and synchronized movement with the slide, for the filling material to pass from the lock through a door (21) into the feed pipe (17) and be tamped into the ground.

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing Material pillars in the soil, in particular of Stopfsäulen or Dräns, according to the preamble of claim 1.

A comparable device is basically from the DE 22 60 473 C2 become known. It has a lifting device in the manner of a mobile crane. The lifting device serves to manipulate a conveyor system for building Material columns, which consists of a deep vibrator or a another type of propellant head and a material delivery pipe consists. With the help of the driving head is first a borehole brought down and then filled with material. ever according to the task, the structure can be designed differently be. For the production of Dräns the material is loosely filled, so that comparatively large pore spaces between the Material grains remain. On the other hand, can also be a strong compacted structure can be achieved, in which the material is stuffed heavily with lateral compression.

In any case, the filling material from above the material delivery pipe fed, the conveyor system as a whole, d. H. including the material delivery pipe, under overpressure can be set, on the one hand, a penetration of water or soil material in the by the sinking unit, consisting from material conveyor pipe and the deep vibrator, brought down Cavity to prevent, and on the other hand leakage of material in the underground.

The filler material is batchwise by means of a container fed to the conveyor system by adding it to the top End of the material delivery pipe. For manipulating the container a winch is provided, in a conventional manner attached to a cantilever of the lifting device. In order to it is possible to put the container on the ground on the one hand, to fill it with ready-made material. On the other hand, it can up to the upper end of the material delivery pipe be raised to feed this with filler.

A device for producing columns of material in the ground, which has a material conveying tube and a deep vibrator, is also disclosed in JP 58 117121 (Patent Abstracts of Japan) described.

DE 467 831 describes a device for producing Piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete in the ground. This device includes a fixedly inserted into the ground vortex, on which after its introduction into the soil a hopper is put on. This hopper points at an upper end a filling opening and at a lower end a bottom flap on. The filling opening 5 serves to fill the filling shaft with a filling material, and the bottom flap is used for discharging the filling material arranged in the filling shaft in the vortex tube.

According to an ongoing development of the above described device is a so-called instead of the crane Brokers provided. This is a vertical mast on which guided on rails a sled is movably mounted. The carriage is used here for manipulation of the conveyor system according to the above expression. The broker continues to carry one at the top a winch provided Kragbalken for manipulating the Container. Brokers and cantilevers thus form a constructive Unit.

Manipulating the conveyor system on the one hand and the container on the other hand is possible independently. So can the sled, and thus the jogger, in steps of about 0.5 m to 1.0 m up and down. During the respective Upward movement occurs at the vibrator tip filling material out. In each subsequent downward movement The material is laterally and partially down pressed into the ground. In this way, so-called Created darning columns.

Regardless of the movement of the sinking unit and the Feeding sledge leading carriage becomes the container with the winch lowered to the ground, with material filled and then raised again.

To load the conveyor system with filling material, it is necessary to stop the carriage so that the container can dock on the conveyor tube and be emptied. It is therefore necessary to stop the vibrator at intervals in order to be able to supply the respective batch of material. In a quite usual standard case of a 10 m long gravel column with a column diameter of 0.8 m, a gravel volume of 5 m ^{3 is} required. With a useful volume of the container in the order of about 1 m ³ thus five batches are required, which lead to correspondingly frequent interruptions of the manufacturing process.

The invention is based on the problem of a device and a method of the type mentioned above to improve that a faster generation of the material columns can be achieved.

This problem is solved with a device that the Features of claim 1 and by a method that the Features of claim 3. Advantageous embodiments The invention are characterized by the features of the subclaims specified. According to the invention is at the upper end of the deep vibrator or of the conveying tube a loading lock arranged, which makes it possible to freeze the conveyor system even then when the method described at the outset, which with overpressure in the area of the material outlet works at the Rüttlerspitze, is practiced.

The loading lock ensures that the below in the Conveying pipe prevailing overpressure does not have to be reduced, to refill material. Rather, the loading lock for the duration of the loading process against the Delivery pipe sealed pressure-tight. Once the container is complete is deflated, the loading lock opposite the environment sealed pressure-tight and the transition to Delivery pipe can be opened. Depending on the remaining Air volume in the loading lock occurs during Opening the transition to the delivery pipe only a small Pressure drop due to the compressed air supply of the delivery pipe can be collected easily.

If such a short-term pressure drop even avoided is to be, is according to another variant one from the pressure chamber or delivery pipe independent compressed air feed intended for the loading lock. This can be done before Opening the transition to the conveyor pipe in the feed lock an overpressure will be built in accordance with the prevailing pressure in the underlying pressure chamber is. Consequently the built-up pressure in the conveyor pipe remains at the desired level Level.

This training is particularly prone to liquefaction Soils valuable, as there are already small pressure differences cause soil to enter the material outlet and this clogged. Even if this constipation later solves this intrusion of soil is extremely undesirable, it leads to the mixing of clean column gravel with soil. In the episode is in this depth range the continuous load transfer and drainage of the column in Asked a question.

Preferably, the feed lock is designed as a tank., its capacity at least the delivery volume of the container equivalent. This makes it possible to the container contents in to pass through a passage. It can be particularly advantageous be if the tank has a capacity, which can accommodate multiple batches. So he can as a cache to serve for the filling material, thereby reducing the loading process practically completely from the shaking process decouple. Downtime is also guaranteed to avoid if the supply of filler over the Container should be subject to an unforeseen incident.

In a special application (offshore foundations) may be desirable even the whole for pillar production necessary amount of gravel before the beginning of column production in one to inject correspondingly large-sized tank, because the working depth is so far under water that the whole Sinking unit must pass several tens of meters of water and Consequently, with known technology, a supply of material in this Depth would be impossible or at least extremely expensive.

The invention is described below with reference to the figures in the figures illustrated Auführungsbeispiels explained in more detail.

In the single figure, a device 1 is shown, the is placed on the floor 100 and one not closer represented material column, for example in the form of a Stopfsäule or a drain, to produce.

The device 1 has a mobile equipment carrier 10 which receives all components. On equipment rack 10 is a leader 12 attached. The broker has not shown here Guide rails for a carriage 14, with respect to the broker 12 along its entire extent movable is guided.

The carriage 14 takes a known per se sinking unit with deep vibrator 16 and material conveyor tube 17 and serves for their manipulation.

At the upper end of the carriage 14 a cantilever bellows 20 is mounted, the end carries a winch 22. With the help of Winch 22, a container 26 is manipulated by a Rope 24 is held. Alternatively, the winch 22 in the Be integrated container 26.

Due to the rigid connection of carriage 14 and cantilever 20 is a positively coupled movement of both components realized. In the situation shown in the figure and blocked Winch 22 takes place in the same direction movement of container 26 and deep vibrator 16, the relative position to each other remains.

An upward or downward movement of the container 26 by operating the winch 22 is always relative to deep vibrator 16, regardless of the movement of the sled 14 with respect to the broker 12. Thus is a latching of the container 26 at the not closer illustrated feed opening of the deep vibrator, for example at a loading lock 18, without problems and especially during operation of the sinking unit without their stopping in relation to their for pillar production necessary up and down movement possible.

By attaching the cantilever 20 at the top of the Schlittens 14 it is possible, not shown here Guide rails for the carriage 14 to the upper end of To extend Mäklers 12, so that its length as a maximum Traverse for the carriage 14 can be used. In the upper end position of the cantilever 20 dominates the leader 12th upwards. For a given length of the leader, leave 12 Therefore, compared to the device described above From the prior art produce much longer columns.

To fill the container 26, this is on the floor 100th lowered. In this position must by appropriate measures Be sure that the container 26 is no longer relative moved to the carriage 14. This is done in a simple way in that the winch is switched free of force. This corresponds to the triggering of the so-called free-fall. In this Operating position are transmitted via the cable 24 no tensile forces, so that in case of an upward movement of the carriage 14 only the rope 24 of the winch 22 in the circumference accordingly the travel of the carriage 14 is subtracted. in the Case of downward movement of the carriage 14 arises on the rope 24 a loose slack, depending on the travel distance can also cause sections of the rope 24 on the soil 100 are stored. Insofar as this is to prevent can an automatic retractor on the winch 20 in itself be known manner provided for a bias of the Rope 24 also in the case of a downward movement of the Sleigh 14 worry.

From the above it follows that by the amazing simple concept according to the invention the production of a column of material without a feed-related interruption is possible.

Another special feature of the invention is the realization the double-acting feed lock 18, which then is used when the structure of the column of material under Overpressure occurs. In this case, the deep vibrator 16 prevails continuously, also during the material injection, at the Top of the material delivery pipe 17 pressure, by a constructed here not shown compressed air supply and is maintained.

The feed lock 18 is designed so that it on the one hand opposite the material conveying pipe 17 with a lock door 21 and on the other hand in relation to the environment in the area a feed opening 19 to be completed pressure-tight can. For the duration of loading with filler over the Container 26, the lock door 21 is sealed, so that the structure of the column of materials while maintaining the desired overpressure can run. Once the container 26 is emptied, the feed opening 19 is closed pressure-tight and then the lock door 21 to the deep vibrator 16 is opened, so that the material can pass. Thus, the material is maintained while maintaining the increased Pressure levels in the material conveyor tube 17 passed, a Interruption of operation or mixing of in the Material conveying pipe 17 penetrating soil with gravel finds not happening.

An additional, not shown here compressed air supply for the load lock 18 allows one from the deep vibrator 16 independent pressure buildup, so that the transition between Feed lock 18 and deep vibrator 16 without pressure difference can be opened. Also eliminates the otherwise occurring short-term pressure drop caused by the pressure compensation occurs with the feed chamber 18.

Depending on the configuration, the capacity of the supply lock can 18 are chosen to be larger than the delivery volume the container 26, so that a kind of intermediate storage tank is formed, the further decoupling of material supply and Column construction allows.

In practice, it has been shown that the use of the Feed lock 18, a time savings of about 3 to 5 min per material column can be achieved. This corresponds to a relative one Time savings of approx. 10%.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

10

equipment rack

12

broker

14

carriage

16

deep vibrator

17

Material conveying pipe

18

load lock

19

loading port

20

cantilever

21

lock door

22

winch

24

rope

26

container

100

ground

Claims (3)

1. Apparatus for making in-situ piles, having

   a material conveying tube (17) with deep vibrator (16),

   characterized by

   a charging lock which is arranged on the material conveying tube (17) and which has a charging opening (19) for charging with material, which charging opening (19) can be closed in a pressure-tight manner, and a lock door (21) which allows material to pass through to the material conveying tube (17) and can be closed in a pressure-tight manner.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, in which the charging lock (18) has a compressed-air connection.
3. Method for making in-situ piles, which comprises the following method steps:

   preparing an apparatus according to either of the preceding claims,

   opening the charging opening (19) when lock door (21) is closed in a pressure-tight manner and feeding material into the charging lock,

   closing the charging opening (19),

   opening the lock door to the material conveying tube (17) when charging opening is closed in a pressure-tight manner in order to feed material from the charging lock (18) to the deep vibrator (16).

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