EP1340954B1 - Système de distribution - Google Patents

Système de distribution Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1340954B1
EP1340954B1 EP20030405036 EP03405036A EP1340954B1 EP 1340954 B1 EP1340954 B1 EP 1340954B1 EP 20030405036 EP20030405036 EP 20030405036 EP 03405036 A EP03405036 A EP 03405036A EP 1340954 B1 EP1340954 B1 EP 1340954B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distribution
nozzle
cooling tower
channel
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20030405036
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1340954A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Niessen
Ernst Laufer
Winfried Pyrdok
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engie Refrigeration GmbH
Original Assignee
Axima Refrigeration GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Axima Refrigeration GmbH filed Critical Axima Refrigeration GmbH
Priority to EP20030405036 priority Critical patent/EP1340954B1/fr
Publication of EP1340954A1 publication Critical patent/EP1340954A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1340954B1 publication Critical patent/EP1340954B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes

Definitions

  • the exchange surface for the heat transfer is in these so-called “Built-in cooling towers" limited to the surface of the water droplets. Due to missing structural elements inside the cooling tower, the Drops on her fall path are not obstructed and it only comes in small Mass for the formation of new or for the formation of additional drops. Of the Heat transport from the inside of the drip to the exchange surface can only due to the relatively poor heat conduction of the water over the surface of the drop to the surrounding cooling air.
  • the design of the nozzles is usually chosen so that at usual system pressures by about 1 bar sufficiently large drops of water can be generated, the first inside the cooling tower on a specifiable height can rise, then back to a reservoir down in the lower part of the cooling tower, so that the to be cooled Drop water drops twice the distance in the cooling air flow.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a cooling tower with a to propose an improved distribution system, creating an essential Increase in cooling capacity compared to the known cooling tower systems is reached, so that the cooling process is much more efficient, i. energy-economical and therefore more cost-effective represent.
  • a cooling tower with a distribution system for Distribution of a fluid to be cooled which proposed a distribution channel with an inlet for supplying the fluid and at least one Outlet opening for discharging the fluid comprises, wherein the distribution channel extends along a channel axis.
  • the distribution system includes a distribution nozzle with an inlet opening for supplying the fluid and with a hollow nozzle body having a nozzle opening for discharging the fluid into a gas atmosphere.
  • the nozzle body extends along one Nozzle axis, wherein the inlet opening of the distribution nozzle with the Outlet opening of the distribution channel is connectable such that the nozzle axis is tilted by a predetermined angle of rotation with respect to the channel axis.
  • a preferred embodiment of a distribution system comprises a Distribution channel with distribution nozzles, which distribution nozzles an inlet body and having a nozzle body, wherein the distribution nozzle so with the distribution channel connected to a pressurized fluid to be cooled, preferably with high pollution loads water, from the Distribution channel of the distribution nozzle can be supplied.
  • the distribution nozzles are on the inlet opening is equipped with a flange connection, so that the Distribution nozzle tilted by any angle relative to the channel axis can be fixed.
  • the distribution channel itself can around its channel axis to a be rotated any angle, so that the distribution nozzle in a any spatial direction is pivotable.
  • a distribution channel several distribution nozzles, which may be different among each other Can have distances and depending on the requirements in the circumferential direction on Distribution channel can sit at different positions.
  • the distribution nozzles are preferably as vortex chamber nozzles without internal internals formed in which by a tangential entry of the water into a Swirl chamber produces a swirling flow through the Nozzle opening emerges as a substantially conical jet.
  • the shape of the Nozzle opening is chosen so that at the usual working pressures, For example, about 1 bar, enough large drops of water arise. there However, the working pressure can also be significantly up or down from the Value deviate from a 1 bar.
  • the distribution system described is preferably used in an im The main closed-circuit cooling tower closed on all sides.
  • One cooling tower according to the invention generally comprises several distribution systems, either in different chambers or in a common chamber and each distribution system in turn has several distribution nozzles.
  • the cooling tower walls form an im essential cuboid body whose height is usually large in the Is compared to a side lengths of its rectangular base. typical Dimensions are e.g. 21m X 6m X 12m, in which case the Dimensions also differ significantly from the example given here can.
  • the geometry of the cooling tower can in principle be arbitrary, e.g. when Cylinder, ball or be executed differently.
  • the housing can For example, from glass fiber reinforced polyester, stainless steel or be constructed of another suitable material.
  • the cooling tower In a side wall of the cooling tower at least one fan is arranged, the one generated in the cooling tower upwardly directed air flow through a mist eliminator suitable in the ceiling surface of the Cooling tower is arranged, the cooling tower inside can leave again.
  • the cooling tower can also have several fans, which are arranged in the same or in different side walls.
  • the working pressure in addition to the geodetic height difference also from required nozzle pressure is determined as the back pressure in the nozzle occurs.
  • the pressure loss of the distribution nozzle which remains as a nozzle form, must be maintained as small as possible with respect to the rising pressure of the gas atmosphere the nozzle opening exiting fluid are kept. Since the Nozzle form, however, among other things, of course, the concrete Design of the distribution nozzle overall and in particular of the special shape of the nozzle opening, the geometry of the distribution nozzle must be optimized accordingly. It has been shown that all of these Requirements by vortex chamber nozzles, the nozzle opening as a slot, which is bordered by two semi-circular areas, can be optimized.
  • the concrete size of the distribution nozzle and the nozzle opening depends on it other of the size of the cooling tower, the working pressure, as well as the type the dirt load carrying the cooling water.
  • To the optimum Charging the cooling tower interior with cooling water in particular e.g. in near cooling tower walls or bumps can also Nozzle orifices whose boundary is different, e.g. circular, shaped, be used advantageously.
  • the nozzle body itself can also around the Nozzle axis be designed to be rotatable, so that the orientation of the Nozzle opening of each distribution nozzle of the distribution system optimally to the geometric conditions can be adjusted.
  • the distribution system 1 preferably comes in combination with a closed built-in cooling tower T with housing G for use.
  • a closed built-in cooling tower T with housing G for use.
  • the distribution system 1 in a semi-open housing G that is to say in a housing G without lateral and / or or upper or lower boundary surfaces is operated.
  • special Applications for example in agriculture, are also an operation entirely conceivable without housing G.
  • a cooling tower T with distribution system 1 includes a closed on all sides housing G of substantially cuboidal Shape, the shape of the housing G of course in principle arbitrary, e.g. cylindrical, be executed in the form of a sphere or otherwise can.
  • the housing bottom is preferred as a water collecting tray 11 executed, the a drain 12 for discharging the cooled fluid. 2 having.
  • Above the water collecting tray 11 is the distribution system. 1 installed, through which the fluid to be cooled 2, which is usually as with more or less heavily polluted water is present, thedeturminnem is fed.
  • the fluid to be cooled 2 is the distribution system 1 under a predetermined Working pressure, which is generated by a pump, not shown, on the Inflow opening 4 can be fed.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 communicates with the distribution channel 3 in Connection and is arranged so that the fluid 2 through the nozzle opening 9 spraying upwards in a widening jet in the Gas atmosphere can be introduced.
  • the nozzle opening 9 is preferably so designed so that the beam is in an almost on top Cone 14 spreads upwards.
  • the through the distribution nozzle 6 in the housing G of the cooling tower T sprayed fluid 2 from upwardly flowing cooling air in Countercurrent method cooled.
  • the required air flow is through generates a fan 17. It can except air, especially at Use of a closed cooling tower T, certainly others Cooling gases, for example nitrogen, noble gases or other gases are used come. Moreover, it is also conceivable that for special Applications the cooling gases are pre-tempered.
  • the Air flow generated by a fan 17, which, as shown in Fig. 1, in the Near the cooling tower bottom in the housing wall 16 is awakebbracht. at this variant, the fan 17 sucks the cooling air from the outside and pushes the same in the interior of the cooling tower T.
  • Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a distribution nozzle 6 in Connection to the distribution channel 3.
  • the distribution channel 3 is preferred as tubular conduit formed around the channel axis K to a Any angle ⁇ is designed to be rotatable. So can by suitable choice the angle of rotation ⁇ be avoided that at a given Working pressure of emerging from the defenses 6 upwards cone 14 of the Coolant jet is sprayed directly against an inner wall of the housing G.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 comprises a hollow inlet body 10 with inlet opening 7, and a hollow nozzle body 8 with nozzle opening 9.
  • the inlet body 10 which extends along an inlet axis E, communicates with the nozzle body 8, which extends along the nozzle axis D, in such a way that the to be cooled fluid 2, through the inlet opening 7 in the distribution nozzle. 6 flows in succession, the inlet body 10 and the nozzle body. 8 can flow through the distribution nozzle 6 through the nozzle opening. 9 finally leave again.
  • Embodiment are inlet body 10 and nozzle body 8 to each other arranged that the inlet axis E and the nozzle axis D a predeterminable angle ⁇ include, wherein the angle ⁇ as required may take any value, but preferably the angle ⁇ is about 90 °.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 designed as vortex chamber nozzle without internal internals. In such Verteildüsen 6 enters the fluid to be cooled 2 tangentially in a Whirl chamber 18 formed region of the distribution nozzle 6, wherein in the Vortex chamber 18 is generated a swirling flow through the Nozzle opening 9 emerges as a substantially conical jet.
  • Fig. 3 shows the same embodiment of the inventive Distribution nozzle 6 from the viewing direction F.
  • the distribution nozzle 6 is about the inlet axis E rotatably configured, so that the distribution nozzle 6 with respect to the channel axis K tilted at a fixed predetermined angle ⁇ is fixable. This can be done by suitable choice of the angle of rotation ⁇ be avoided that at a given working pressure emerging from the defense 6 upwards conical coolant jet directly against an inner wall of the housing G is injected.
  • Distribution nozzle 6 which is located in the vicinity of the housing G of the cooling tower T, be aligned so that a flat side of the cone 14th formed coolant jet of a closely adjacent wall 16 of the Housing G faces and a wider side of the coolant jet a facing more distant wall 16.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a further embodiment of a distribution nozzle 6 of the inventive distribution system 1.
  • This is a Distribution nozzle 6, wherein the inlet body and the nozzle body in substantially parallel or aligned with each other, i. of the Angle ⁇ is about 0 °. Otherwise, this variant has all the features, such as they have been explained above for the angled distribution nozzle 6 ( ⁇ ⁇ 0 °).
  • this embodiment variant of the nozzle body. 8 tilted against the channel axis K by an angle ⁇ and the nozzle body. 8 be rotated about the nozzle axis D by an angle ⁇ .
  • Fig. 6 shows that Embodiment according to FIG. 5 from the direction of view F.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically a plan view of a cooling tower with a inventive distribution system 1, wherein various possibilities of Arrangement of the distribution nozzles 6 are demonstrated on the distribution channel 3.
  • the area designated I in FIG. 7 is the distribution nozzles 6 in equidistant Distances, each on the one housing wall 16 facing side of the Distribution channel 3, arranged side by side.
  • the distribution channel 3 at least three outlet openings. 5 has, which are arranged at different distances from each other, so that each two pairs of adjacent distribution nozzles 6 different distances have each other.
  • Such an arrangement is in region II of FIG. 7 outlined.
  • the housing G may possibly one cheaper distribution of the fluid 2 in the cooling tower T can be achieved.
  • the distribution channel 3 at least two Outlet openings 5, whose shortest connecting line is not parallel to the channel axis K runs.
  • the nozzle body 8 arranged in different orientations with respect to the channel axis K. can be, e.g. So also opposite the distribution channel. 3 can be attached. This may also cause the distribution of the fluid 2 in the housing G are optimized.
  • the distribution nozzles of the distribution system according to the invention are close to the floor the cooling tower, arranged spraying substantially upwards. each Distribution nozzle is aligned so that the side walls of the cooling tower not be sprayed, but at the same time for the cooling available standingdeturminnenraum is fully utilized.
  • the Distribution of the water in the cooling tower is by superimposing the Spray areas of the individual distribution nozzles additionally optimized. This is with the inventive distribution system a significant increase in the Cooling capacity achievable. This is made possible for the first time by the fact that the Distributor nozzles freely pivotable about three independent axes are.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Tour de refroidissement avec système de distribution pour distribuer un fluide à refroidir (2), comprenant :
    un canal de distribution (3) avec une ouverture d'afflux (4) pour l'amenée du fluide (2) et au moins une ouverture de sortie (5) pour l'évacuation du fluide (2), où le canal de distribution (3) s'étend le long d'un axe de canal (K);
    des buses de distribution (6) avec à chaque fois une ouverture d'admission (7) pour l'amenée du fluide (2) et avec un corps de buse creux (8) avec une ouverture de buse (9), pour émettre le fluide (2) en forme de gouttes sous la forme d'un cône (14) reposant sur la pointe, de la buse de distribution dans une atmosphère gazeuse,
    où le corps de buse (8) s'étend le long d'un axe de buse (D), caractérisée en ce que les buses de distribution (6) sont réalisées d'une manière librement pivotante autour de trois axes indépendants, et en ce que l'ouverture d'admission (7) des buses de distribution (6) peut être reliée à chaque fois à l'ouverture de sortie (5) du canal de distribution (3) de telle sorte que l'axe de buse (D) est basculé selon un angle de rotation prédéfinissable (α) par rapport à l'axe de canal (K).
  2. Tour de refroidissement selon la revendication 1, où les buses de distribution (6) présentent à chaque fois un corps d'admission creux (10) qui s'étend le long d'un axe d'admission (E).
  3. Tour de refroidissement selon la revendication 1 ou 2, où le canal de distribution (3), relativement à une rotation autour de son axe de canal (K), peut être fixé dans une position angulaire (β) prédéfinissable.
  4. Tour de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, où le corps de buse (8) est réalisé d'une manière tournante autour de l'axe de buse (D) selon un angle prédéfinissable ε.
  5. Tour de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, où le canal de distribution (3) présente au moins deux ouvertures de sortie (5) dont la ligne de liaison la plus courte ne s'étend pas parallèlement à l'axe de canal(K).
  6. Tour de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, où le canal de distribution (3) présente au moins trois ouvertures de sortie (5) qui sont disposées à des écarts différents les unes par rapport aux autres.
  7. Tour de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, où l'ouverture de buse (9) est réalisée en une forme sensiblement circulaire ou comme trou oblong, qui présente deux bords en forme de demi-cercle.
  8. Tour de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, où la buse de distribution (6) est réalisée comme buse à chambre de tourbillonnement.
  9. Tour de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, où la buse de distribution (6) est disposée de telle sorte que le fluide (2) peut être introduit par l'ouverture de buse (9) vers le haut en le pulvérisant dans l'atmosphère gazeuse.
EP20030405036 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution Expired - Lifetime EP1340954B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20030405036 EP1340954B1 (fr) 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02405140 2002-02-27
EP02405140 2002-02-27
EP20030405036 EP1340954B1 (fr) 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1340954A1 EP1340954A1 (fr) 2003-09-03
EP1340954B1 true EP1340954B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

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EP20030405036 Expired - Lifetime EP1340954B1 (fr) 2002-02-27 2003-01-28 Système de distribution

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103033087A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 无锡永信能源科技有限公司 实现逆流式冷却塔变流下的均匀布水装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100451532C (zh) * 2005-07-05 2009-01-14 上海良机冷却设备有限公司 立式流力冷却塔之喷管
DE202008007932U1 (de) * 2008-06-13 2008-08-21 Streng, Andreas Vollkegeldüse
CN102564204B (zh) * 2010-12-08 2016-04-06 杭州三花微通道换热器有限公司 制冷剂分配装置和具有它的换热器

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR618988A (fr) * 1926-06-29 1927-03-24 Tuyère pulvérisatrice de liquides
GB525500A (en) * 1939-02-22 1940-08-29 L G Mouchel & Partners Ltd Improvements in or relating to spraying nozzles suitable for water cooling towers
US3419251A (en) * 1965-06-21 1968-12-31 Us Stoneware Inc Distributor
FR1581810A (fr) * 1968-08-08 1969-09-19
GB1524279A (en) * 1975-12-22 1978-09-13 Bird Machine Co Spray cooling system
WO1999044002A1 (fr) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-02 SHATININA, Anzhella Vladimirovna Tour de refroidissement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103033087A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 无锡永信能源科技有限公司 实现逆流式冷却塔变流下的均匀布水装置

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EP1340954A1 (fr) 2003-09-03

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