EP1328383B1 - Dosing hopper - Google Patents

Dosing hopper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1328383B1
EP1328383B1 EP01986632A EP01986632A EP1328383B1 EP 1328383 B1 EP1328383 B1 EP 1328383B1 EP 01986632 A EP01986632 A EP 01986632A EP 01986632 A EP01986632 A EP 01986632A EP 1328383 B1 EP1328383 B1 EP 1328383B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hopper
conveyor
belt
vertical
dosing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01986632A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1328383A1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Graf
Lutz Wolf
Günter NATUS
Karl Heinz KÖHLER
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Dieffenbacher GmbH and Co KG
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Dieffenbacher GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/14—Distributing or orienting the particles or fibres
    • B27N3/146—Controlling mat weight distribution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metering bunker for the production of Fiolzwerkstoffplatten according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a dosing bunker is from the FR-A-2,080,239 known.
  • dosing bins are placed in front of the actual spreading elements. These made it possible to compensate for a temporal change in volume of the chip, fiber or chip stream (beach). At the same time they should enable a continuous feeding of the scattering heads. For this purpose, in particular a uniform distribution of the chips, fibers and chips (strands) over the entire width of the scattering heads is already made in the dosing hopper and thus fed a continuous stream of material to the scattering heads.
  • both vertical and Horizontallosierbunker such as from the FR-A-2,080,239
  • the vertical dosing bunkers were usually arranged vertically over the entire spreading width of the scattering heads and filled continuously or discontinuously with glued wood chips up to a predetermined filling level.
  • Vertikedosierbunker are very simple, the chips are moved without mechanical conveying elements only by their gravity from top to bottom. At the bunker floor are. Order rollers arranged, which promote the chips to the scattering elements.
  • the vertical bunkers have lost their importance in recent years, as different densities form on the bunker floor, depending on the filling level. This has the disadvantage that, depending on the material density at the bunker floor, different discharge amounts to the scattering heads result.
  • horizontal dosing bunkers were therefore preferably used in front of the spreader elements, in which a substantially constant all-stress density results during the discharge of wood chips.
  • Such a horizontal dosing bunker is from the textbook of Deppe / Ernst, Paperback of the chipboard technology, 3rd edition 1991, page 255 known.
  • the Horizontaldosierbunker is arranged over a scattering head and is charged from above with wood chips.
  • a horizontal pivoting conveyor is arranged above the storage housing, which distributes the chips continuously over the entire spreading width.
  • Horizontaldosierbunker still provided a back combing device, which ensures a uniform filling height over the entire bunker width, by the higher-lying wood chips accumulations are combed back against the discharge direction continuously.
  • a floor belt is still arranged, which conveys the uniformly high chip layer in the bunker to a discharge opening above the spreading head.
  • the chip layer is conveyed against rotating discharge rollers, which mill the layer over the entire filling level and at the same time convey it into a discharge opening to the scattering head in order to be sprinkled onto a forming belt.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a dosing bunker for the production of wood-based panels, from which over the entire bunker width a uniform discharge, in particular of elongated flat wood chips (strands) are promoted in the scattering head.
  • the invention has the advantage that, due to the weight-metered material input over the entire bunker width, a uniform discharge quantity for spreading is always available even with different bulk densities, whereby a very uniform scattering is made possible and an increase in the bending stiffness in the production of OSB boards can be achieved , By equalizing the scattering the litter deviation width is reduced at the same time, so that even with a minimum use of grit the minimum requirements for given quality features are complied with.
  • a particular embodiment of the invention is additionally provided to align the elongated flat wood chips (strands) before their storage in the bunker in the transverse or longitudinal direction.
  • An additional particular embodiment of the invention provides that a jam-free horizontal filling section is arranged as a continuation of the vertical conveyor shaft.
  • FIG. 1 The drawing shows a vertical bunker 1 for the production of OSB or LSL plates is shown schematically in the consists essentially of an entry device 2 and a weight-detecting pivoting conveyor for weight-metered and oriented entry of elongated wood chips (strands) in a vertical filling space 3 arranged underneath.
  • glued elongated flat wood chips having a length of 80 to 200 mm, a width of 10 to 40 mm and a thickness of 0.4 to 1 mm are processed into wood-based panels. These wood chips are introduced via a screw conveyor 5 from the gluing mixer to the dosing bunker 1. The wood chips arrive here randomly and continuously from the trough of the screw conveyor 5 and should be scattered as undamaged as possible to an oriented web on a forming belt. Because by the damage of the elongated wood chips, the bending strength would be impaired or the resulting increased fines content would have to be additionally discarded.
  • the invention proposes a metering bunker 1 with weight-metered entry, so that the elongated wood chips in Dosierbunker 1 as possible not to be additionally circulated again and therefore are easily detachable and evenly discharged.
  • the elongated wood chips are therefore above the dosing bunker 1 from the trough of a screw conveyor 5 first applied to two or more opening rollers 6, which should dissolve any clumping or entanglements.
  • coarse-mesh cage rollers or spiked rollers with a few elastic spines are preferably provided, through which the loose wood chips can pass almost unrestrained and without damage.
  • the orientation rollers 7 consist of a continuous drive shaft to the star-like arranged transverse plates are provided.
  • the distances between the cross plates represent tapered slots, which are only so wide that the chips can slide in only transverse orientation.
  • the orientation rollers 7 could also be arranged in the conveying direction, so that the elongated wood chips would be oriented longitudinally. For longitudinal orientation but also disc rollers can be used, through whose slots the elongated wood chips would be aligned in the longitudinal direction.
  • a pivoting conveyor 4 is arranged as a pivoting conveyor, to which the preoriented wood chips are fed from the orientation rollers 7.
  • the conveyor belt is provided with transverse webs 8 or cross plates, the conveyor pockets 9 between the individual webs 8 image.
  • the distances between the transverse webs 8 or cross plates are dimensioned so that the wood chips are. Only in their transverse orientation in the conveyor pockets 9 are inserted, so that the transverse orientation is maintained on the swing conveyor 4 or a parallel conveyor.
  • the conveyor belt could also be provided with longitudinal webs which receive the wood chips only in the longitudinal direction.
  • the pivot conveyor 4 is mounted transversely and horizontally pivotable at its task area and lowered to the horizontal in the conveying direction obliquely downwards. In this case, the discharge end of the swing conveyor 4 is arranged immersing in the vertical filling 3.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4 is connected to a known pivoting drive, not shown, which pivots the relatively narrow conveyor belt 4 of a maximum of 1 m width continuously back and forth over the entire bunker width. As a result, the elongated wood chips are deposited in layers over the entire bunker width.
  • the bunker width corresponds approximately to the spread, which in the Usually two to four meters.
  • a Schwenkeauer_ but could also be provided a parallel conveyor, which is continuously and parallel to the Formbandraum over the Bunkerbreite moved back and forth.
  • a belt weigher 23 is provided in the pivoting conveyor belt 4, by which the delivery rate of the conveyed wood chips is determined.
  • the transverse-oriented wood chips can be deposited in a weight-metered manner over the entire width of the metering bunker 1 or the vertical space 3. It is provided over the entire bunker width always deposit the same amount by weight of wood chips, so that the vertical filling 3 is filled evenly. Therefore, a constant flow rate is specified, in which at a deviation from the target weight, the belt speed can be readjusted, the swing speed remains constant.
  • a given delivery rate could also be regulated via the swivel speed.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4 Since the pivoting conveyor 4 is inclined in the conveying direction, is in the weight-metered. Discharge detected the inclination of the conveyor belt 4 by a tilt sensor or taken into account at a constant angle of inclination mathematically.
  • an evaluation device is provided by which both the band loading and the belt speed is detected. In the case of a deviation from the predetermined delivery rate or the target weight, the belt speed of the conveyor belt 4 or the pivoting speed is readjusted accordingly.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4 is adjustable in the conveying direction 10, so that it can dive more or less deep in the vertical filling 3. This can be carried out in a simple manner with a lifting cylinder or a spindle drive.
  • additional level sensors are provided which maintain a constant distance from the wood chip surface in the vertical filling space 3 by means of a program-controlled evaluation device.
  • the vertical filling chamber 3 consists in its filling area of an upper hopper 11, which consists of approximately parallel angeordrieten rigid side walls 12, 25 which extend across the entire bunker width.
  • a vertical conveyor shaft 13 is arranged, which consists essentially of two vertically arranged Austrags episodeb sectionn 14, 15, in its lower region a horizontal deflection 16, 20 experienced.
  • These bands 14, 15 extend over the entire bunker width and form with the frontal Au-Ben owneda of Dosierbunkers 1 to a closed conveyor shaft 13, which conveys the Bunkerinhalt continuously to a discharge opening 24.
  • Each of the two discharge belts 14, 15 is an endless belt, which is arranged between three deflection rollers 16, 19, 20, which are arranged approximately like the end points of a right-angled triangle. In this case, close the two conveyor belts 14, 15 each at the lower point of the side walls: 12, 25 of the upper hopper 11 and thus form its extension.
  • the two discharge belts 14, 15 are arranged so that they have different roller spacings. The roller distances are provided so that between the two conveyor belts 14, 15 forms both a vertical 13 and a horizontal conveyor shaft 18. In these deflected shafts 13, 18, the directional wood chips are conveyed to a discharge opening 24.
  • the vertical conveyor shaft 13 is designed as a clamping section, in which the shaft can be narrowed down at least on an inner side surface. This is achieved in that, the lower discharge belt 15 only loosely rests on its support rollers 17 and with a horizontally adjustable, tensioning roller 16, the shaft width is adjustable. Due to the narrowing of the shaft width, the layers of oriented wood chips are laterally clamped, so that they are taken along by the movement of the discharge belts 14, 15 in the conveying direction. This ensures at the same time that the individual layers are not significantly compressed in the lower region of the vertical conveyor shaft 13 by the filling level, so that an easily detachable bed in the vertical shaft 13 is maintained.
  • both discharge belts 14, 15 with their inner walls are slightly adjacent to each other. This prevents that the newly filled wood chips can slip through to the discharge opening 24.
  • the vertical shaft 13 is so far reduced that the discharge height is only so great that an oriented depositing guaranteed in the vertical conveyor shaft 13.
  • the filling level is detected by the level sensors and transmitted to the evaluation device. This controls the tracking of the swing conveyor 4 in the conveying direction 10, so that the distance to the level remains the same until a predetermined filling level is reached.
  • the belt tension can be loosened so far by the adjustable tensioning roller 16 that a continuous discharge is possible.
  • the lower shaft width can be increased so that it corresponds to the shaft width of the upper hopper 11.
  • the to be filled material delivery strength increased so far until a total filling level provided in the vertical filling space 3 is reached.
  • a specific feed rate is determined over a predetermined discharge amount, which distributes the wood chips uniformly over the entire bunker width and at the same time keeps the filling level constant.
  • the level sensors can be distributed on the front side of the bunker so that they also detect the level height across the bunker width.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4 can also be arranged horizontally and transversely to the bunker width, so that a constant filling level can also be reached transversely to the bunker width.
  • the vertical filling space 3 could also be formed by one or two parallel opposed conveyor belts, which are directed to two horizontal conveyor belts, which then form the horizontal hopper. Below the vertical filling 13 but could also be provided a rotary feeder through which the oriented wood chips are discharged in the manner of orienting rollers in the scattering head.
  • the horizontal discharge flow in the horizontal delivery chute 18 represents a tack-free filling section, which forms a horizontal supply.
  • This horizontal filling section 18 serves primarily to bring about a uniform discharge behavior. This is achieved primarily by the fact that the deflection results in a loosening of the vertical stratification, so that a uniformly dischargeable material flow is established in the horizontal shaft 18.
  • the two discharge belts 14, 15 are adjustable in their belt speed.
  • the belt speed of both discharge belts is controlled so that they ensure a constant discharge speed in the shafts 13, 18, so that the Vororientierung is not changed and a material circulation in the shafts 13, 18 preferably does not occur
  • a belt weigher 22 is provided, by means of which the discharge quantity can be regulated via the discharge belt speed.
  • a Abzziwalze.21 provided, which gently combs the oriented wood chips in the outlet opening 24 to the scattering chamber.
  • the vertical bunker 1 ensures a careful storage and uniform weight-loss, discharge of elongated wood chips, so that they can develop their maximum strength in the OSB plates to be scattered and are not affected by the resulting fines content.
  • the arranged in Vertikalbunfer 1 entry device 2 could also be provided in a separate device part above the bunker housing, if diens for structural reasons is possible and advantageous executable.
  • FIG. 2 The drawing shows a horizontal bunker 30 with a weight-metered entry device 31 is shown schematically.
  • the horizontal bunker 30 consists essentially of a horizontal filling section 32, which is formed from a bottom band 33 and the entry device.
  • Above the feeding device 31 there is arranged a conveyor screw 5 which brings the glued elongate wood chips (strands) from a gluing mixer.
  • This screw conveyor 5 corresponds the auger behind Fig, 1 the drawing, being for the similar parts in Fig. 2 the same reference numerals were used in the drawing.
  • the entry device 31 consists essentially of the orientation rollers 7 and a pivoting conveyor 4.
  • the elongated wood chips for the production of OSB boards are first applied to at least two opening rollers 6 and the orientation rollers 7 arranged underneath.
  • Below the orientation rollers 7 of the pivoting conveyor 4 is arranged, which is formed of a provided with pockets 9 conveyor belt.
  • the horizontal bunker 30 extends over the entire width of the scattering head, which can be up to four meters.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4, however, has only a width of a maximum of one meter and is continuously horizontally pivoted back and forth over the entire width of the dosing bunker 30 and distributes the introduced wood chips evenly across the width of the bunker 30.
  • the pivoting speed is a multiple of the discharge speed, so that the oriented wood chips are layered one above the other.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4 is arranged horizontally over the filling section 32 and conveys the oriented wood chips counter to the discharge 34 to the filling line.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4 can also be inclined relative to the horizontal, so that in the starting operation, the oriented wood chips in the lower part of the filling section 32 can be stored oriented.
  • level sensors not shown, are provided which detect the filling level at the side surfaces transversely to the bunker width.
  • the inclination of the pivoting conveyor 4 can be readjusted by means of the level sensors and a predetermined distance to the filling level. In this case, the pivoting conveyor 4 is readjusted only until a predetermined level in the bunker 30 is reached.
  • the bottom band 33 can be controlled so that the filling layer to the discharge 41 is promoted.
  • the pivoting conveyor 4 can also be arranged so that it is mounted adjustable in the conveying direction 34.
  • a belt weigher 24 is provided near the discharge end, which detects the amount by weight of the subsidized wood chips.
  • the belt speed is controlled so that the wood chips are distributed over the width of Dosierbunkers 30 with constantly constant flow rate, so that there is a predefinable discharge a uniform filling on the filling section 32 over the entire bottom belt width.
  • a program or processor-controlled evaluation device not shown, is provided as they are used in known Dosierbandwaagen.
  • the bottom band 33 consists essentially of an elongated horizontal part 35 and a shortened vertical part 36, which are formed by three arranged as a triangle pulley 37, 38, 39.
  • the lower horizontally adjustable clamping and deflection roller 38 By the lower horizontally adjustable clamping and deflection roller 38, the bottom band 33 can be tensioned to different degrees.
  • the band can be shortened so much in the start-up area 40 that the loose chip Austragsband 33 is tilted so far in the storage area 40 that the wood chips largely oriented in the storage area 40 on the coating tape 33 can be stored. This results even during the start-up an orderly storage option in the horizontal bunker 30, so that builds up a uniform level with oriented wood chips, which then by means of a predetermined discharge speed to the outlet opening 41 is promoted.
  • a belt weigher 22 can also be provided at the discharge end, with the aid of which an intended discharge quantity can be regulated via the belt speed of the bottom belt.
  • the weight-metered entry of the elongated wood chips over the entire bunker width enables a uniform discharge into the spreading head without requiring an additional volume-oriented transverse distribution in the metering bunker 30.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Dosierbunker zur Herstellung von Fiolzwerkstoffplatten gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a metering bunker for the production of Fiolzwerkstoffplatten according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ein solcher Dosierbunker ist aus der FR-A-2,080,239 bekannt.Such a dosing bunker is from the FR-A-2,080,239 known.

Bei der Herstellung von Spanplatten, Faserplatten, OSB-Platten (oriented structural board), LSL-Platten (Laminated Strands Lumber) und anderen Holzwerkstoffplatten sind den eigentlichen Streuelementen Dosierbunker vorgeschaltet. Diese ermöglichten es, eine zeitliche Volumenänderung des Späne-, Faser oder Schnitzelstroms (Strands) auszugleichen. Gleichzeitig sollen sie eine kontinuierliche Beschickung der Streuköpfe ermöglichen. Dazu wird insbesondere eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Späne, Fasern und Schnitzel (Strands) über die gesamte Breite der Streuköpfe bereits im Dosierbunker vorgenommen und so ein kontinuierlicher Materialstrom den Streuköpfen zugeführt.In the production of chipboard, fiberboard, oriented structural board (OSB), Laminated Strand Lumber (LSL) boards and other wood-based panels, dosing bins are placed in front of the actual spreading elements. These made it possible to compensate for a temporal change in volume of the chip, fiber or chip stream (beach). At the same time they should enable a continuous feeding of the scattering heads. For this purpose, in particular a uniform distribution of the chips, fibers and chips (strands) over the entire width of the scattering heads is already made in the dosing hopper and thus fed a continuous stream of material to the scattering heads.

Aus der Praxis sind sowohl Vertikal- als auch Horizontaldosierbunker wie zum Beispiel aus der FR-A-2,080,239 bekannt Die Vertikaldosierbunker wurden meist vertikal über der gesamten Streubreite der Streuköpfe angeordnet und bis zu einer vorgegebenen Füllhöhe mit beleimten Holzspänen kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich befüllt. Derartige Vertikaldosierbunker sind sehr einfach ausgebildet, wobei die Späne ohne mechanische Förderelemente nur durch ihre Schwerkraft von oben nach unten bewegt werden. Am Bunkerboden sind. Auftragwalzen angeordnet, die die Späne zu den Streuelementen fördern. Die Vertikalbunker haben in den letzten Jahren an Bedeutung verloren, da sich je nach Füllhöhe unterschiedliche Dichten am Bunkerboden bilden. Dies hat den Nachteil, daß je nach Materialdichte am Bunkerboden sich unterschiedliche Austragsmengen zu den Streuköpfen ergeben.In practice, both vertical and Horizontallosierbunker such as from the FR-A-2,080,239 The vertical dosing bunkers were usually arranged vertically over the entire spreading width of the scattering heads and filled continuously or discontinuously with glued wood chips up to a predetermined filling level. Such Vertikedosierbunker are very simple, the chips are moved without mechanical conveying elements only by their gravity from top to bottom. At the bunker floor are. Order rollers arranged, which promote the chips to the scattering elements. The vertical bunkers have lost their importance in recent years, as different densities form on the bunker floor, depending on the filling level. This has the disadvantage that, depending on the material density at the bunker floor, different discharge amounts to the scattering heads result.

In den letzten Jahren wurden deshalb vorzugsweise Horizontaldosierbunker vor den Streuelementen eingesetzt, bei denen sich beim Austrag von Holzspänen eine weitgehend gleichbleibende Allstragsdichte ergibt. Ein derartiger Horizontaldosierbunker ist aus dem Fachbuch von Deppe/Ernst, Taschenbuch der Spanplattentechnik, 3. Auflage 1991, Seite 255 bekannt. Der Horizontaldosierbunker ist dabei über einem Streukopf angeordnet und wird von oben mit Holzspänen beschickt. Dazu ist über dem Vorratsgehäuse ein horizontaler Schwenkförderer angeordnet, der die Späne über die gesamte Streubreite kontinuierlich verteilt. Weiterhin ist imIn recent years, horizontal dosing bunkers were therefore preferably used in front of the spreader elements, in which a substantially constant all-stress density results during the discharge of wood chips. Such a horizontal dosing bunker is from the textbook of Deppe / Ernst, Paperback of the chipboard technology, 3rd edition 1991, page 255 known. The Horizontaldosierbunker is arranged over a scattering head and is charged from above with wood chips. For this purpose, a horizontal pivoting conveyor is arranged above the storage housing, which distributes the chips continuously over the entire spreading width. Furthermore, in the

Horizontaldosierbunker noch eine Rückkämmvorrichtung vorgesehen, die für eine gleichmäßige Füllhöhe über die gesamte Bunkerbreite sorgt, indem die höher liegenden Holzspäneanhäufungen entgegen der Austragsrichtung kontinuierlich zurückgekämmt werden. Am Bunkerboden ist noch ein Bodenband angeordnet, das die gleichmäßig hohe Späneschicht im Bunker zu einer Austragsöffnung über dem Streukopf befördert. Dabei wird die Späneschicht gegen rotierende Austragswalzen gefördert, die die Schicht über die gesamte Füllhöhe abfräsen und gleichzeitig in eine Ausgabeöffnung zu dem Streukopf befördern, um auf ein Formband aufgestreut zu werden.Horizontaldosierbunker still provided a back combing device, which ensures a uniform filling height over the entire bunker width, by the higher-lying wood chips accumulations are combed back against the discharge direction continuously. At the bottom of the bunker, a floor belt is still arranged, which conveys the uniformly high chip layer in the bunker to a discharge opening above the spreading head. In this case, the chip layer is conveyed against rotating discharge rollers, which mill the layer over the entire filling level and at the same time convey it into a discharge opening to the scattering head in order to be sprinkled onto a forming belt.

Sollen in einem derartigen Horizontaldosierbunker lange flache Holzschnitzel (Strands) zur Herstellung von orientierten Holzspanplatten (OSB oder LSL) zwischengelagert und über die Breite verteilt werden, so treten insbesondere durch das kontinuierliche Zurückkämmen der länglichen Holzschnitzel miteinander verkeilte Knäuelgebilde im Horizontalbunker auf. Da neben diesen verkeilten Bereichen auch Schichten im Bunker vorhanden sind, bei denen die Holzschnitzel lose aufeinander liegen, entsteht ein unterschiedliches Schichtungsmuster im Bunker. Diese unterschiedlichen Schichtungsmuster oder Materialbereiche weisen aber auch sehr unterschiedliche Austragscharakteristiken auf, was zu einer ungleichmäBigenlStreuköpfbeschickung führt und eine gleichmäßige Streuung auf das Formband nachteilig beeinflussen kann.If in such a horizontal dosing hopper long flat wood chips (strands) for the production of oriented chipboard (OSB or LSL) are stored and distributed over the width, so come together in particular by the continuous back combing the elongated wood chips wedged together wattle in horizontal bunker. As there are also layers in the bunker besides these wedged areas where the wood chips lie loosely on top of each other, a different layering pattern is created in the bunker. However, these different stratification patterns or material areas also have very different discharge characteristics, resulting in an uneven slurry charge leads and can adversely affect a uniform scattering on the forming belt.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Dosierbunker zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten zu schaffen, aus dem über die gesamte Bunkerbreite eine gleichmäßige Austragsmenge insbesondere von langgestreckten flachen Holzschnitzeln (Strands) in den Streukopf gefördert werden.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a dosing bunker for the production of wood-based panels, from which over the entire bunker width a uniform discharge, in particular of elongated flat wood chips (strands) are promoted in the scattering head.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst. Weiterbildungen und vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by the invention defined in claim 1. Further developments and advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung hat den Vorteil, daß durch den gewichtsdosiertew Materialeintrag über die gesamte Bunkerbreite auch bei unterschiedlichen Schüttdichten stets eine gleichmäßige Austragsmenge zum Streuen zur Verfügung steht, wodurch eine sehr gleichmäßige Streuung ermöglicht wird und eine Erhöhung der Biegesteifigkeit bei der Herstellung von OSB-Platten erzielbar ist. Durch die Vergleichmäßigung der Streuung wird gleichzeitig die Streuschwankungsbreite verringert, so daß bereits bei minimalem Streuguteinsatz die Mindestanforderungen an vorgegebene Qualitätsmerkmale einhaltbar sind.The invention has the advantage that, due to the weight-metered material input over the entire bunker width, a uniform discharge quantity for spreading is always available even with different bulk densities, whereby a very uniform scattering is made possible and an increase in the bending stiffness in the production of OSB boards can be achieved , By equalizing the scattering the litter deviation width is reduced at the same time, so that even with a minimum use of grit the minimum requirements for given quality features are complied with.

Durch die gewichtsmäßige Querverteilung im Dosierbunker ist vorteilhafterweise bereits während des Materialeintrags eine gleichmäßige Materialverteilung über die gesamte Bunkerbreite erreichbar, so daß zusätzliche Materialumwälzungsvorrichtungen wie Rückstreifrechen und dergleichen entbehrlich sind. Dadurch wird gleichzeitig ein schonender Materialfluß im Bunker erreicht, wodurch insbesondere langgestreckte flache Holzschnitzel (Strands) vor Beschädigung geschützt sind, das der Qualitätsverbesserung bei OSB-Platten dient.Due to the distribution of weight in the dosing hopper a uniform material distribution over the entire bunker width is advantageously already during the material entry achievable, so that additional Materialumwälzungsvorrichtungen such as backscrap and the like are unnecessary. As a result, at the same time a gentle flow of material is achieved in the bunker, which in particular elongated flat wood chips (strands) are protected from damage, which serves to improve the quality of OSB boards.

Bei einer besonderen Ausbildungsart der Erfindung ist zusätzlich vorgesehen, die langgestreckten flachen Holzschnitzel (Strands) vor ihrer Ablage im Bunker in Quer- oder Längsrichtung auszurichten. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß im gesamten Dosierbunker eine gleichmäßige Dichteverteilung und eine Erhöhung der Vorratsmenge auf gleichem Bevorratungsraum erreichbar ist. Dadurch wird gleichzeitig eine Verhakung der langgestreckten flachen Holzschnitzel vermieden, so daß vorteilhafterweise an der Austragsöffnung des Bunkers Auflöseelemente entbehrlich sind.In a particular embodiment of the invention is additionally provided to align the elongated flat wood chips (strands) before their storage in the bunker in the transverse or longitudinal direction. This has the advantage that in the entire dosing bunker a uniform density distribution and an increase in the stock quantity can be achieved on the same storage space. Characterized a simultaneous entanglement of the elongated flat wood chips is avoided, so that advantageously at the discharge of the bunker dissolving elements are unnecessary.

Bei einer weiteren besonderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, die vororientierten Holzschnitzel in einem Vertikalbunker abzulegen und über einen vertikalen Förderschacht kontinuierlich abzuziehen. Durch die Vororientierung wird vorteilhafterweise eine Brückenbildung im Bunker vermieden und ein gleichmäßiger Materialaustrag erreicht.In a further particular embodiment of the invention, it is provided to deposit the pre-oriented wood chips in a vertical bunker and to remove it continuously via a vertical conveyor shaft. Due to the preorientation, bridge formation in the bunker is advantageously avoided and a uniform discharge of material is achieved.

Eine zusätzliche besondere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß eine klemmfreie horizontale Füllstrecke als Fortsetzung am vertikalen Förderschacht angeordnet ist. Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise eine Auflockerung der Materialstruktur auf der horizontalen Förderstrecke erreicht, so daß ein gleichmä-Biger gewichtsdosierter Austrag ermöglicht wird.An additional particular embodiment of the invention provides that a jam-free horizontal filling section is arranged as a continuation of the vertical conveyor shaft. As a result, a loosening of the material structure is advantageously achieved on the horizontal conveyor line, so that a gleichmä-Biger weight-metered discharge is possible.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels, das in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist, näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
einen Vertikaldosierbunker mit vororientierten gewichtsdosierten Materialeintrag, und
Fig. 2:
einen Horizontaldosierbunker mit vororientiertem gewichtsdosierten Materialeintrag.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment which is illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1:
a vertical metering bunker with pre-oriented weight-metered material entry, and
Fig. 2:
a horizontal dosing bunker with pre-oriented weight-metered material entry.

In Fig. 1 der Zeichnung ist ein Vertikalbunker 1 zur Herstellung von OSB- oder LSL-Platten schematisch dargestellt, der im wesentlichen aus einer Eintragsvorrichtung 2 und einem gewichtserfassenden Schwenkförderer zum gewichtsdosierten und orientierten Eintrag von langgestreckten Holzschnitzeln (Strands) in einem darunter angeordneten Vertikalfüllraum 3 besteht.In Fig. 1 The drawing shows a vertical bunker 1 for the production of OSB or LSL plates is shown schematically in the consists essentially of an entry device 2 and a weight-detecting pivoting conveyor for weight-metered and oriented entry of elongated wood chips (strands) in a vertical filling space 3 arranged underneath.

Bei der Herstellung von OSB- oder LSL-Platten werden beleimte langgestreckte flache Holzschnitzel (Strands) mit einer Länge von 80 bis 200 mm, einer Breite von 10 bis 40 mm und einer Dicke von 0,4 bis 1 mm zu Holzwerkstoffplatten verarbeitet. Diese Holzschnitzel werden über einen Schneckenförderer 5 vom Beleimungsmischer zum Dosierbunker 1 herangeführt. Die Holzschnitzel kommen dabei ungeordnet und kontinuierlich aus dem Trog des Schneckenförderers 5 und sollen möglichst unbeschädigt zu einem orientierten Vlies auf ein Formband gestreut werden. Denn durch die Beschädigung der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel würde die Biegefestigkeit beeinträchtigt oder der dadurch entstandene erhöhte Feingutanteil müßte zusätzlich ausgesondert werden. Deshalb schlägt die Erfindung einen Dosierbunker 1 mit gewichtsdosiertem Eintrag vor, so daß die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel im Dosierbunker 1 möglichst nicht zusätzlich nochmals umgewälzt werden müssen und deshalb leicht lösbar und gleichmäßig austragbar sind. Die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel werden deshalb oberhalb des Dosierbunkers 1 aus dem Trog eines Schneckenförderers 5 zunächst auf zwei oder mehrere Auflösewalzen 6 aufgegeben, die eventuelle Verklumpungen oder Verhakungen auflösen sollen. Dazu werden vorzugsweise grobmaschige Käfigwalzen oder Stachelwalzen mit wenigen elastischen Stacheln vorgesehen, durch die die losen Holzschnitzel nahezu ungebremst und beschädigungsfrei hindurchfällen können.In the manufacture of OSB or LSL boards, glued elongated flat wood chips (strands) having a length of 80 to 200 mm, a width of 10 to 40 mm and a thickness of 0.4 to 1 mm are processed into wood-based panels. These wood chips are introduced via a screw conveyor 5 from the gluing mixer to the dosing bunker 1. The wood chips arrive here randomly and continuously from the trough of the screw conveyor 5 and should be scattered as undamaged as possible to an oriented web on a forming belt. Because by the damage of the elongated wood chips, the bending strength would be impaired or the resulting increased fines content would have to be additionally discarded. Therefore, the invention proposes a metering bunker 1 with weight-metered entry, so that the elongated wood chips in Dosierbunker 1 as possible not to be additionally circulated again and therefore are easily detachable and evenly discharged. The elongated wood chips are therefore above the dosing bunker 1 from the trough of a screw conveyor 5 first applied to two or more opening rollers 6, which should dissolve any clumping or entanglements. For this purpose, coarse-mesh cage rollers or spiked rollers with a few elastic spines are preferably provided, through which the loose wood chips can pass almost unrestrained and without damage.

Unterhalb der Auflösewalzen 6 sind mindestens zwei Orientierungswalzen 7 vorgesehen, in dessen Schlitze die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel quer zur Förderrichtung eingleiten. Die Orientierungswalzen 7 bestehen dabei aus einer durchgehenden Antriebswelle, um die sternartig angeordnete Querbleche vorgesehen sind. Die Abstände zwischen den Querblechen stellen dabei verjüngende Schlitze dar, die nur so breit sind, daß die Schnitzel nur querorientiert hineingleiten können. Die Orientierungswalzen 7 könnten aber auch in Förderrichtung angeordnet sein, so daß die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel längs orientiert würden. Zur Längsorientierung sind aber auch Scheibenwalzen einsetzbar, durch dessen Schlitze die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel in Längsrichtung ausgerichtet würden.Below the opening rollers 6, at least two orienting rollers 7 are provided, in the slots of which the elongated wood chips are introduced transversely to the conveying direction. The orientation rollers 7 consist of a continuous drive shaft to the star-like arranged transverse plates are provided. The distances between the cross plates represent tapered slots, which are only so wide that the chips can slide in only transverse orientation. The orientation rollers 7 could also be arranged in the conveying direction, so that the elongated wood chips would be oriented longitudinally. For longitudinal orientation but also disc rollers can be used, through whose slots the elongated wood chips would be aligned in the longitudinal direction.

Unterhalb der Orientierungswalzen 7 ist als Schwenkförderer ein Schwenkförderband 4 angeordnet, auf das die vororientierten Holzschnitzel von den Orientierungswalzen 7 aufgegeben werden. Dabei ist das Förderband mit Querstegen 8 oder Querblechen versehen, die Fördertaschen 9 zwischen den einzelnen Stegen 8 bildern. Die Abstände der Querstege 8 oder Querbleche sind dabei so bemessen, daß die Holzschnitzel.nur in ihrer Querausrichtung in den Fördertaschen 9 einlegbar sind, so daß die Querorientierung auf den Schwenkförderband 4 oder einen Parallelförderer erhalten bleibt. Bei einer Längsorientierung könnte das Förderband aber auch mit Längsstegen versehen werden, die die Holzschnitzel nur in Längsrichtung aufnehmen.Below the orientation rollers 7, a pivoting conveyor 4 is arranged as a pivoting conveyor, to which the preoriented wood chips are fed from the orientation rollers 7. The conveyor belt is provided with transverse webs 8 or cross plates, the conveyor pockets 9 between the individual webs 8 image. The distances between the transverse webs 8 or cross plates are dimensioned so that the wood chips are. Only in their transverse orientation in the conveyor pockets 9 are inserted, so that the transverse orientation is maintained on the swing conveyor 4 or a parallel conveyor. In a longitudinal orientation, however, the conveyor belt could also be provided with longitudinal webs which receive the wood chips only in the longitudinal direction.

Das Schwenkförderband 4 ist an seinem Aufgabebereich quer und horizontal verschwenkbar gelagert und zur Horizontalen in Förderrichtung schräg nach unten abgesenkt. Dabei ist das Abwurfende des Schwenkförderbandes 4 in dem Vertikalfüllraum 3 eintauchend angeordnet. Das Schwenkförderband 4 ist mit einem nicht dargestellten bekannten Schwenkantrieb verbunden, der das relativ schmale Förderband 4 von maximal 1 m Breite kontinuierlich über die gesamte Bunkerbreite hin- und hergehend verschwenkt. Dadurch werden die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel schichtweise über die gesamte Bunkerbreite abgelegt. Die Bunkerbreite entspricht dabei etwa der Streubreite, die in der Regel zwei bis vier Meter beträgt. Als Schwenkförderer_könnte aber auch ein Parallelförderer vorgesehen werden, der kontinuierliche und parallel zur Formbandrichtung über die Bunkerbreite hin- und hergehend verschoben wird.The pivot conveyor 4 is mounted transversely and horizontally pivotable at its task area and lowered to the horizontal in the conveying direction obliquely downwards. In this case, the discharge end of the swing conveyor 4 is arranged immersing in the vertical filling 3. The pivoting conveyor 4 is connected to a known pivoting drive, not shown, which pivots the relatively narrow conveyor belt 4 of a maximum of 1 m width continuously back and forth over the entire bunker width. As a result, the elongated wood chips are deposited in layers over the entire bunker width. The bunker width corresponds approximately to the spread, which in the Usually two to four meters. As a Schwenkförderer_ but could also be provided a parallel conveyor, which is continuously and parallel to the Formbandrichtung over the Bunkerbreite moved back and forth.

Zur kontinuierlichen Querverteilung der Holzschnitzel im Viertikalfüllraum 3 ist im Schwenkförderband 4 eine Bandwaage 23 vorgesehen, durch die die Förderstärke der geförderten Hölzschnitzel ermittelt wird. Dadurch sind die quer orientierten Holzschnitzel gewichtsdosiert über die gesamte Breite des Dosierbunkers 1 bzw. des Vertikälfiullraumes 3 ablegbar. Dabei ist vorgesehen, über die gesamte Bunkerbreite stets die gleiche Gewichtsmenge an Holzschnitzeln abzulegen, damit der Vertikalfüllraum 3 gleichmäßig befüllt wird. Deshalb wird eine konstante Förderstärke vorgegeben, bei der bei einer Abweichung vom Sollgewicht die Bandgeschwindigkeit nachregelbar ist, wobei die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit konstant bleibt. Eine vorgegebene Förderstärke könnte aber auch über die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit geregelt werden. Da das Schwenkförderband 4 in Förderrichtung geneigt ist, wird bei dem gewichtsdosierten . Austrag die Neigung des Förderbandes 4 durch einen Neigungssensor erfaßt oder bei einem konstanten Neigungswinkel rechnerisch berücksichtigt. Dazu ist eine nicht dargestellte Auswertevorrichtung vorgesehen, durch die sowohl die Bandbeladung als auch die Bandgeschwindigkeit erfaßt wird. Bei einer Abweichung von der vorgegebenen Förderstärke bzw. vom Sollgewicht wird die Bandgeschwindigkeit des Förderbandes 4 bzw. die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit entsprechend nachgeregelt.For continuous transverse distribution of the wood chips in the four-dimensional filling chamber 3, a belt weigher 23 is provided in the pivoting conveyor belt 4, by which the delivery rate of the conveyed wood chips is determined. As a result, the transverse-oriented wood chips can be deposited in a weight-metered manner over the entire width of the metering bunker 1 or the vertical space 3. It is provided over the entire bunker width always deposit the same amount by weight of wood chips, so that the vertical filling 3 is filled evenly. Therefore, a constant flow rate is specified, in which at a deviation from the target weight, the belt speed can be readjusted, the swing speed remains constant. A given delivery rate could also be regulated via the swivel speed. Since the pivoting conveyor 4 is inclined in the conveying direction, is in the weight-metered. Discharge detected the inclination of the conveyor belt 4 by a tilt sensor or taken into account at a constant angle of inclination mathematically. For this purpose, an evaluation device, not shown, is provided by which both the band loading and the belt speed is detected. In the case of a deviation from the predetermined delivery rate or the target weight, the belt speed of the conveyor belt 4 or the pivoting speed is readjusted accordingly.

Damit beim Ablegen der quer- oder längsorientierten Schnitzel im Vertikalfüllraum 3 die Orientierung nicht verloren geht, sollte der Abstand der Abwurfstelle des Förderbandes 4 von der Ablegestelle im-Vertikalfüllraum 3 einen bestimmten Höhenabstand nicht überschreiten. Deshalb ist vorgesehen, daß das Schwenkförderband 4 in Förderrichtung 10 verstellbar ist, so daß es mehr oder weniger tief in den Vertikalfüllraum 3 eintauchen kann. Dies ist auf einfache Weise mit einem Hubzylinder oder einem Spindelantrieb ausführbar. Dazu sind zusätzliche nicht dargestellte Füllstandssensoren vorgesehen, die mittels einer programmgesteuerten Auswertevorrichtung einen konstanten Abstand von der Holzschnitzeloberfläche im Vertikalfüllraum 3 einhalten.So that the orientation is not lost when placing the transverse or longitudinally oriented Schnitzel in Vertikalfüllraum 3, the distance of the discharge point of the conveyor belt 4 should not exceed the depositing in-Vertikalfüllraum 3 a certain height distance. Therefore, it is provided that the pivoting conveyor 4 is adjustable in the conveying direction 10, so that it can dive more or less deep in the vertical filling 3. This can be carried out in a simple manner with a lifting cylinder or a spindle drive. For this purpose, additional level sensors, not shown, are provided which maintain a constant distance from the wood chip surface in the vertical filling space 3 by means of a program-controlled evaluation device.

Der Vertikalfüllraum 3 besteht in seinem Einfüllbereich aus einem oberen Füllschacht 11, der aus etwa parallel angeordrieten starren Seitenwänden 12, 25 besteht, die quer über die gesamte Bunkerbreite verlaufen. Diese sind stirnseitig an der Bunkeraußenwand befestigt und bilden einen fest umschlossene Fi111raum 11. Unterhalb dieses oberen Füllschächtes 11 ist ein vertikaler Förderschacht 13 angeordnet, der im wesentlichen aus zwei vertikal angeordneten Austragsförderbändern 14, 15 besteht, die in ihrem unteren Bereich eine horizontale Umlenkung 16, 20 erfahren. Diese Bänder 14, 15 erstrecken sich über die gesamte Bunkerbreite und bilden mit den stirnseitigen Au-Benwändea des Dosierbunkers 1 einen um chlossenen Förderschacht 13, der den Bunkerinhalt kontinuierlich zu einer Austragsöffnung 24 befördert. Bei den beiden Austragsbändern 14, 15 handelt es sich jeweils um ein Endlosband, das zwischen drei Umlenkrollen 16, 19, 20 angeordnet ist, die etwa wie die Endpunkte eines rechtwinkligen Dreiecks angeordnet sind. Dabei schließen sich die beiden Förderbänder 14, 15 jeweils am unteren Punkt der Seitenwände :12, 25 des oberen Füllschachtes 11 an und bilden somit seine Verlängerung. Dabei sind die beiden Austragsbänder 14, 15 so angeordnet, daß sie über unterschiedliche Rollenabstände verfügen. Die Rollenabstände sind dabei so vorgesehen, daß sich zwischen den beiden Förderbändern 14, 15 sowohl ein vertikaler- 13 als auch ein horizontaler Förderschacht 18 bildet. In diesen umgelenkten Schächten 13, 18 werden die gerichteten Holzschnitzel zu einer Austragsöffnung 24 befördert.The vertical filling chamber 3 consists in its filling area of an upper hopper 11, which consists of approximately parallel angeordrieten rigid side walls 12, 25 which extend across the entire bunker width. Below this upper Füllschächtes 11 a vertical conveyor shaft 13 is arranged, which consists essentially of two vertically arranged Austragsförderbändern 14, 15, in its lower region a horizontal deflection 16, 20 experienced. These bands 14, 15 extend over the entire bunker width and form with the frontal Au-Benwändea of Dosierbunkers 1 to a closed conveyor shaft 13, which conveys the Bunkerinhalt continuously to a discharge opening 24. Each of the two discharge belts 14, 15 is an endless belt, which is arranged between three deflection rollers 16, 19, 20, which are arranged approximately like the end points of a right-angled triangle. In this case, close the two conveyor belts 14, 15 each at the lower point of the side walls: 12, 25 of the upper hopper 11 and thus form its extension. The two discharge belts 14, 15 are arranged so that they have different roller spacings. The roller distances are provided so that between the two conveyor belts 14, 15 forms both a vertical 13 and a horizontal conveyor shaft 18. In these deflected shafts 13, 18, the directional wood chips are conveyed to a discharge opening 24.

Der vertikale Förderschacht 13 ist dabei als Klemmstrecke ausgebildet, in dem der Schacht mindestens auf einer inneren Seitenfläche nach unten verengt werden kann. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß, das untere Austragsband 15 nur lose auf seinen Stützrollen 17 aufliegt und mit einer horizontal verstellbaren, Spannrolle 16 die Schachtbreite einstellbar ist. Durch die Verengung der Schachtbreite werden die Lagen der orientierten Holzschnitzel seitlich eingeklemmt, so daß diese durch die Bewegung der Austragsbänder 14, 15 in Förderrichtung mitgenommen werden. Dadurch wird gleichzeitig erreicht, daß die einzelnen Schichten im unteren Bereich des vertikalen Förderschachtes 13 durch die Füllhöhe nicht-wesentlich verdichtet werden, so daß eine leicht lösbare Schüttung im Vertikalschacht 13 erhalten bleibt.The vertical conveyor shaft 13 is designed as a clamping section, in which the shaft can be narrowed down at least on an inner side surface. This is achieved in that, the lower discharge belt 15 only loosely rests on its support rollers 17 and with a horizontally adjustable, tensioning roller 16, the shaft width is adjustable. Due to the narrowing of the shaft width, the layers of oriented wood chips are laterally clamped, so that they are taken along by the movement of the discharge belts 14, 15 in the conveying direction. This ensures at the same time that the individual layers are not significantly compressed in the lower region of the vertical conveyor shaft 13 by the filling level, so that an easily detachable bed in the vertical shaft 13 is maintained.

Im Anfahrbetrieb ist der vertikale Förderschacht 13 mit Hilfe der Spannrolle 16 im Umlenkbereich so weit verschließbar, daß beide Austragsbänder 14, 15 mit ihren Innenwänden leicht aneinander liegen. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß die neu einzufüllenden Holzschnitzel bis zur Austragsöffnung 24 durchrutschen können. Gleichzeitig wird der vertikale Schacht 13 so weit verkleinert, daß die Abwurfhöhe nur so groß ist, daß ein orientiertes Ablegen im vertikalen Förderschacht 13 gewährleistet bleibt. Beim Einfüllen der Holzschnitzel wird die Füllhöhe von den Füllstandssensoren erfaßt und der Auswertevorrichtung übermittelt. Diese steuert die Nachführung des Schwenkförderbandes 4 in Förderrichtung 10, so daß der Abstand zur Füllstandsebene so lange gleich bleibt, bis eine vorgegebene Füllhöhe erreicht ist. Sobald die Klemmstrecke 13 bis zur vorgesehenen Höhe gefüllt ist, kann durch die verstellbare Spannrolle 16 die Bandspannung so weit gelockert werden, daß ein kontinuierlicher Austrag ermöglicht wird. Dazu kann die untere Schachtbreite so weit vergrößert werden, daß sie der Schachtbreite des oberen Füllschachtes 11 entspricht. Dabei wird die einzufüllende Materialförderstärke so weit erhöht, bis eine vorgesehene Gesamtfüllhöhe im vertikalfüllraum 3 erreicht ist. Dann wird über eine vorgegebene Austragsmenge eine bestimmte Eintragsförderstärke ermittelt, die die Holzschnitzel über die gesamte Bunkerbreite gewichtsmäßig gleichmäßig verteilt und gleichzeitig die Füllhöhe konstant hält. Die Füllstandssensoren können an der Stirnseite des Bunkers so verteilt sein, daß sie auch die Füllstandshöhe quer zur Bunkerbreite erfassen. Dazu kann das Schwenkförderband 4 auch horizontal und quer zur Bunkerbreite verschiebbar angeordnet sein, so daß eine konstante Füllhöhe auch quer zur Bunkerbreite erreichbar ist.In starting operation of the vertical conveyor shaft 13 by means of the tension roller 16 in the deflection so far closed, that both discharge belts 14, 15 with their inner walls are slightly adjacent to each other. This prevents that the newly filled wood chips can slip through to the discharge opening 24. At the same time the vertical shaft 13 is so far reduced that the discharge height is only so great that an oriented depositing guaranteed in the vertical conveyor shaft 13. When filling the wood chips, the filling level is detected by the level sensors and transmitted to the evaluation device. This controls the tracking of the swing conveyor 4 in the conveying direction 10, so that the distance to the level remains the same until a predetermined filling level is reached. Once the clamping section 13 is filled to the intended height, the belt tension can be loosened so far by the adjustable tensioning roller 16 that a continuous discharge is possible. For this purpose, the lower shaft width can be increased so that it corresponds to the shaft width of the upper hopper 11. Here is the to be filled material delivery strength increased so far until a total filling level provided in the vertical filling space 3 is reached. Then a specific feed rate is determined over a predetermined discharge amount, which distributes the wood chips uniformly over the entire bunker width and at the same time keeps the filling level constant. The level sensors can be distributed on the front side of the bunker so that they also detect the level height across the bunker width. For this purpose, the pivoting conveyor 4 can also be arranged horizontally and transversely to the bunker width, so that a constant filling level can also be reached transversely to the bunker width.

Im unteren Bereich der Klemmstrecke 13 bzw. des vertikalen Förderschachtes 13 erfolgt durch die untere Spannrolle 16 des unteren Austragsbandes 15 und die obere Spannrolle 20 des oberen Austragsbandes 14 eine Umlenkung des vertikalen Austragsstroms in einen horizontalen Austragsstrom. Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise ein Durchrutschen des vertikalen Materialstroms bis zur Austragsöffnung während des Austragsbetriebs verhindert. Gleichzeitig wird auch eine Lockerung der Verdichtungsw-irkung erreicht, so daß ein schonender gleichmäßiger Austrag in den Streukopf ermöglicht wird. Der vertikale Füllraum 3 könnte aber auch durch ein oder zwei parallel gegenüberstehende Förderbänder gebildet werden, die auf zwei horizontalen Förderbändern gerichtet sind, die dann den horizontalen Füllschacht bilden. Unterhalb des Vertikalfüllraumes 13 könnte aber auch eine Zellenradschleuse vorgesehen sein, durch die die orientierten Holzschnitzel nach Art der Orientierungswalzen in den Streukopf ausgetragen werden.In the lower region of the clamping section 13 and the vertical conveyor shaft 13 takes place by the lower tension roller 16 of the lower discharge conveyor 15 and the upper tension roller 20 of the upper discharge conveyor 14, a deflection of the vertical discharge flow into a horizontal discharge flow. This advantageously prevents slippage of the vertical flow of material up to the discharge opening during the discharge operation. At the same time, a loosening of the Verdichtungsw-irkung is achieved, so that a gentle uniform discharge is made possible in the scattering head. The vertical filling space 3 could also be formed by one or two parallel opposed conveyor belts, which are directed to two horizontal conveyor belts, which then form the horizontal hopper. Below the vertical filling 13 but could also be provided a rotary feeder through which the oriented wood chips are discharged in the manner of orienting rollers in the scattering head.

Der horizontale Austragsstrom im horizontalen Förderschacht 18 stellt dabei eine klebfreie Füllstrecke dar, die einen Horizontalvorrat bildet. Diese horizontale Füllstrecke 18 dient in erster Linie zur Herbeiführung eines gleichmäßigen Austragsverhaltens. Dies wird in erster Linie dadurch erreicht, daß durch die Umlenkung eine Auflockerung der Vertikalschichtung erfolgt, so daß sich im Horizontalschacht 18 ein gleichmäßig austragbarer Materialstrom einstellt.The horizontal discharge flow in the horizontal delivery chute 18 represents a tack-free filling section, which forms a horizontal supply. This horizontal filling section 18 serves primarily to bring about a uniform discharge behavior. This is achieved primarily by the fact that the deflection results in a loosening of the vertical stratification, so that a uniformly dischargeable material flow is established in the horizontal shaft 18.

Die beiden Austragsbänder 14, 15 sind in ihrer Bandgeschwindigkeit regelbar. Dabei wird die Bandgeschwindigkeit beider Austragsbänder so geregelt, daß sie eine gleichbleibende Austragsgeschwindigkeit in den Schächten 13, 18 gewährleisten, so daß die Vororientierung nicht verändert wird und eine Materialumwälzung in den Schächten 13, 18 möglichst nicht eintritts Vorzugsweise ist am Bandende des horizontalen Förderschachts 18 noch eine Bandwaage 22 vorgesehen, durch die die Austragsmenge über die Austragsbandgeschwindigkeit regelbar ist. Am Bandende des horizontalen Förderschachtes 18 ist zusätzlich noch eine Abschlagswalze.21,vorgesehen, die die orientierten Holzschnitzel schonend in die Auslauföffnung 24 zur Streukammer abkämmt. Dadurch gewährleistet der Vertikalbunker 1 eine schonende Bevorratung und gleichmäßige gewichtsdösierte,Austragung der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel, so daß diese in den zu streuenden OSB-Platten ihre maximale Festigkeit entfalten können und nicht durch den entstandenen Feingutanteil beeinträchtigt werden. Die im Vertikalbunfer 1 angeordnete Eintragsvorrichtung 2 könnte aber auch in einem separaten Geräteteil oberhalb des Bunkergehäuses vorgesehen sein, wenn diens aus konstruktiven Gründen möglich und vorteilhaft ausführbar ist.The two discharge belts 14, 15 are adjustable in their belt speed. The belt speed of both discharge belts is controlled so that they ensure a constant discharge speed in the shafts 13, 18, so that the Vororientierung is not changed and a material circulation in the shafts 13, 18 preferably does not occur Preferably at the end of the horizontal conveyor shaft 18 still a belt weigher 22 is provided, by means of which the discharge quantity can be regulated via the discharge belt speed. At the end of the horizontal conveyor shaft 18 is still a Abschlagwalze.21 provided, which gently combs the oriented wood chips in the outlet opening 24 to the scattering chamber. As a result, the vertical bunker 1 ensures a careful storage and uniform weight-loss, discharge of elongated wood chips, so that they can develop their maximum strength in the OSB plates to be scattered and are not affected by the resulting fines content. The arranged in Vertikalbunfer 1 entry device 2 could also be provided in a separate device part above the bunker housing, if diens for structural reasons is possible and advantageous executable.

In Fig. 2 der Zeichnung ist ein Horizontalbunker 30 mit einer gewichtsdosierten Eintragsvorrichtung 31 schematisch dargestellt. Der Horizontalbunker 30 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer horizontalen Füllstrecke 32, die aus einem Bodenband 33 gebildet wird und der Eintragsvorrichtung. Oberhalb der Eintragsvorrichtung 31 ist eine Förderschnecke 5 angeordnet, die die beleimten langgestreckten Holzschnitzel (Strands) von einem Beleimungsmischer heranführt. Diese Förderschnecke 5 entspricht der Förderschnecke nach Fig, 1 der Zeichnung, wobei für die gleichartigen Teile in Fig. 2 der Zeichnung auch die gleichen Bezugsziffern verwandt wurden. Die Eintragsvorrichtung 31 besteht im wesentlichen aus den Orientierungswalzen 7 und einem Schwenkförderer 4. Dabei werden die langgestreckten Holzschnitzel zur Herstellung von OSB-Platten zunächst auf mindestens zwei Auflösewalzen 6 und den darunter angeordneten Orientierungswalzen 7 aufgegeben. Unterhalb der Orientierungswalzen 7 ist der Schwenkförderer 4 angeordnet, der aus einem mit Taschen 9 versehenen Förderband gebildet ist. Der Horizontalbunker 30 erstreckt sich über die gesamte Breite des Streukopfes, die bis zu vier Metern betragen kann. Der Schwenkförderer 4 besitzt hingegen lediglich eine Breite von maximal einem Meter und wird kontinuierlich über die gesamte Breite des Dosierbunkers 30 horizontal hin und her geschwenkt und verteilt dabei die eingebrachten Holzschnitzel gleichmäßig über die Breite des Bunkers 30. Die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit ist dabei ein Vielfaches der Austragsgeschwindigkeit, so daß die orientierten Holzschnitzel schichtweise übereinander abgelegt werden. Der Schwenkförderer 4 ist horizontal über der Füllstrecke 32 angeordnet und fördert die orientierten Holzspäne entgegen der Austragsrichtung 34 zur Füllstrecke. Der Schwenkförderer 4 kann auch gegenüber der Horizontalen geneigt werden, so daß im Anfahrbetrieb die orientierten Holzschnitzel im unteren Bereich der Füllstrecke 32 orientiert abgelegt werden können. Dazu sind nicht dargestellte Füllstandssensoren vorgesehen, die die Füllhöhe an den Seitenflächen quer zur Bunkerbreite erfassen. In einer nicht dargestellten programm- oder prozessorgesteuerten Auswertevorrichtung kann mittels der Füllstandssensoren und einem vorgegebenen Abstand zur Füllhöhe die Neigung des Schwenkförderers 4 nachgeregelt werden. Dabei wird der Schwenkförderer 4 nur soweit nachgeregelt, bis eine vorgegebene Füllstandshöhe im Bunker 30 erreicht ist. Nach Erreichen dieser vorgegebenen Sollfüllstandshöhe kann das Bodenband 33 so gesteuert werden, daß die Füllschicht zur Austragsöffnung 41 gefördert wird. Allerdings kann der Schwenkförderer 4 dabei auch so angeordnet sein, daß er auch in Förderrichtung 34 verstellbar gelagert ist. Dadurch könnte mit Hilfe von in Förderrichtung angeordneten Füllstandssensoren bereits eine konstante Füllhöhe in Förderrichtung 34 durch die Längsverstellung des Förderers einstellbar sein und mögliche Nachfüllunterbrechungen aufgefüllt werden.In Fig. 2 The drawing shows a horizontal bunker 30 with a weight-metered entry device 31 is shown schematically. The horizontal bunker 30 consists essentially of a horizontal filling section 32, which is formed from a bottom band 33 and the entry device. Above the feeding device 31 there is arranged a conveyor screw 5 which brings the glued elongate wood chips (strands) from a gluing mixer. This screw conveyor 5 corresponds the auger behind Fig, 1 the drawing, being for the similar parts in Fig. 2 the same reference numerals were used in the drawing. The entry device 31 consists essentially of the orientation rollers 7 and a pivoting conveyor 4. The elongated wood chips for the production of OSB boards are first applied to at least two opening rollers 6 and the orientation rollers 7 arranged underneath. Below the orientation rollers 7 of the pivoting conveyor 4 is arranged, which is formed of a provided with pockets 9 conveyor belt. The horizontal bunker 30 extends over the entire width of the scattering head, which can be up to four meters. The pivoting conveyor 4, however, has only a width of a maximum of one meter and is continuously horizontally pivoted back and forth over the entire width of the dosing bunker 30 and distributes the introduced wood chips evenly across the width of the bunker 30. The pivoting speed is a multiple of the discharge speed, so that the oriented wood chips are layered one above the other. The pivoting conveyor 4 is arranged horizontally over the filling section 32 and conveys the oriented wood chips counter to the discharge 34 to the filling line. The pivoting conveyor 4 can also be inclined relative to the horizontal, so that in the starting operation, the oriented wood chips in the lower part of the filling section 32 can be stored oriented. For this purpose, level sensors, not shown, are provided which detect the filling level at the side surfaces transversely to the bunker width. In a program or processor-controlled evaluation device, not shown, the inclination of the pivoting conveyor 4 can be readjusted by means of the level sensors and a predetermined distance to the filling level. In this case, the pivoting conveyor 4 is readjusted only until a predetermined level in the bunker 30 is reached. After reaching this predetermined Sollfüllstandshöhe the bottom band 33 can be controlled so that the filling layer to the discharge 41 is promoted. However, the pivoting conveyor 4 can also be arranged so that it is mounted adjustable in the conveying direction 34. As a result, with the aid of fill level sensors arranged in the conveying direction, a constant filling level in the conveying direction 34 could already be adjustable by means of the longitudinal adjustment of the conveyor and possible replenishment interruptions could be filled up.

Im Schwenkförderband 4 ist nahe dem Abwurfende eine Bandwaage 24 vorgesehen, die die Gewichtsmenge der geförderten Holzschnitzel erfaßt. Bei konstanter Schwenkgeschwindigkeit wird die Bandgeschwindigkeit dabei so geregelt, daß mit stets konstanter Förderstärke die-Holzschnitzel über die Breite des Dosierbunkers 30 verteilt werden, so daß sich bei vorgebbarer Austragsmenge eine gleichmäßige Füllmenge auf der Füllstrecke 32 über die gesamte Bodenbandbreite ergibt. Zur Regelung der Förderstärke ist dabei eine programm- oder prozessorgesteuerte nicht dargestellte Auswertevorrichtung vorgesehen, wie sie in bekannten Dosierbandwaagen eingesetzt sind.In the swing conveyor 4 a belt weigher 24 is provided near the discharge end, which detects the amount by weight of the subsidized wood chips. At a constant pivoting speed, the belt speed is controlled so that the wood chips are distributed over the width of Dosierbunkers 30 with constantly constant flow rate, so that there is a predefinable discharge a uniform filling on the filling section 32 over the entire bottom belt width. To control the flow while a program or processor-controlled evaluation device, not shown, is provided as they are used in known Dosierbandwaagen.

Das Bodenband 33 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem langgestreckten Horizontalteil 35 und einem verkürzten Vertikalteil 36, die durch drei wie ein Dreieck angeordnete Umlenkrolle 37, 38, 39 gebildet werden. Durch die untere horizontal verstellbare Spann- und Umlenkrolle 38 ist das Bodenband 33 unterschiedlich stark spannbar. Dadurch kann im Anfahrbetrieb das Band so stark verkürzt werden, daß im Ablagebereich 40 der Holschnitzel das lose aufliegende Austragsband 33 gegenüber der Vertikalen so weit schräggestellt ist, daß die Holzschnitzel weitgehend orientiert im Ablagebereich 40 auf dem Anstragsband 33 ablegbar sind. Dadurch ergibt sich auch schon während des Anfahrbetriebs eine geordnete Ablagemöglichkeit im Horizontalbunker 30, so daß sich eine gleichmäßig Füllhöhe mit orientierten Holzspänen aufbaut, die dann mittels einer vorgegebenen Austragsgeschwindigkeit zur Austrägsöffnung 41 gefördert wird.The bottom band 33 consists essentially of an elongated horizontal part 35 and a shortened vertical part 36, which are formed by three arranged as a triangle pulley 37, 38, 39. By the lower horizontally adjustable clamping and deflection roller 38, the bottom band 33 can be tensioned to different degrees. As a result, the band can be shortened so much in the start-up area 40 that the loose chip Austragsband 33 is tilted so far in the storage area 40 that the wood chips largely oriented in the storage area 40 on the coating tape 33 can be stored. This results even during the start-up an orderly storage option in the horizontal bunker 30, so that builds up a uniform level with oriented wood chips, which then by means of a predetermined discharge speed to the outlet opening 41 is promoted.

Im Bodenband 33 kann auch am Austragsende eine Bandwaage 22 vorgesehen sein, mit dessen Hilfe eine vorgesehene Austragsmenge über die Bandgeschwindigkeit des Bodenbandes regelbar ist. Dabei ist durch die gewichtsdosierte Eintragung der langgestreckten Holzschnitzel über die gesamte Bunkerbreite ein gleichmäßiger Austrag in den Streukopf möglich, ohne daß eine zusätzliche volumenorientierte Querverteilung im Dosierbunker 30 erforderlich wäre.In the bottom band 33, a belt weigher 22 can also be provided at the discharge end, with the aid of which an intended discharge quantity can be regulated via the belt speed of the bottom belt. In this case, the weight-metered entry of the elongated wood chips over the entire bunker width enables a uniform discharge into the spreading head without requiring an additional volume-oriented transverse distribution in the metering bunker 30.

Claims (21)

  1. Dosing hopper for manufacturing wood-based panels comprising a feed device (2) which distributes the supplied material flow consisting of glued wood particles continuously over the width of the hopper (1), said hopper (1) being designed for long, flat wood chips (strands) for the manufacturing of oriented structural particle boards (OSBs) and the in-feed device (2) comprising a weighing device (23), with the help of which the wood chips (strands) are distributable over the hopper width in a weight-dosed manner, characterized in that the in-feed device (2) comprises a swivel conveyor (4) or parallel conveyor connected with a weighing device (23), which determines the weight of the wood strands discharged into the hopper and in that lengthwise or crosswise pockets (9) are provided on the conveyor belt of the proportioning belt weigher (4) in order to receive the crosswise or lengthwise oriented wood strands so that the crosswise or lengthwise orientation is maintained on the conveyor belt of the swivel or parallel conveyor.
  2. Dosing hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the swivel conveyor (4) or parallel conveyor is designed as a proportioning belt weigher, which is arranged in such a way that it may be swivelled or displaced horizontally and transversally to the hopper width, said proportioning belt weigher consisting of a conveyor belt with an integrated weighing device (23).
  3. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportioning belt weigher (4) is designed in such a way that it determines the conveying rate during a continuous swivelling or shifting process, compares it with a preset conveying rate (t/hour) and, in case of a deviation, regulates the belt speed or the shifting speed or the swivelling speed in such a way that a constant, weight-defined material quantity is always discharged over the entire hopper width.
  4. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the in-feed device (2) comprises orienting rollers (7) or disk rollers arranged above the proportioning belt weigher (4), which serve for preorientation of the wood strands.
  5. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportioning belt weigher (4) is arranged horizontally or with a downward slope in the conveying direction, the slope and /or the conveying direction being adjustable.
  6. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the in-feed device (2, 31) is arranged in the hopper housing (1, 30) or above the hopper (1, 30).
  7. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hopper (1, 30) is designed as a vertical hopper (1) or a horizontal hopper (30) or as a combination of a horizontal and a vertical hopper.
  8. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hopper is designed as a vertical hopper (1) comprising a vertical filling space (3) which is arranged below the conveyor (4).
  9. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical filling space (3) comprises a vertical, rigid filling shaft (11) and a vertical conveying shaft (13) or an upper rigid filling shaft (11) and a lower conveying shaft (13).
  10. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a horizontal conveying shaft (18) or a cellular wheel sluice is arranged at the lower outlet of the vertical filling space (3).
  11. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical conveying shaft (13) comprises at least one or two conveyor belts (14, 15) arranged in parallel and vertically opposite each other or conveyor belts (14, 15) arranged with a downward slope (squeezing section), which extend over the entire hopper width.
  12. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the horizontal conveying shaft (18) i. e. the horizontal conveying section (18) comprises at least one or two conveyor belts (14, 15) arranged horizontally in parallel opposite each other, which extend over the entire hopper width.
  13. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical conveying shaft (13) and the horizontal conveying shaft (18) comprise at least two conveyor belts (14, 15) arranged for redirection, the guide pulleys (19, 20, 16) of each conveyor belt being arranged like the corners of a triangle.
  14. Dosing hopper according to claim 13, characterized in that the lower, sharply bending conveyor belt (15) is provided with at least one adjustable guide pulley (16) with the help of which the belt tension and the squeezing effect in the vertical conveying shaft (13) may be adjusted.
  15. Dosing hopper according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the hopper is designed as a horizontal hopper (30) comprising a horizontal filling section (32) which consists of the floor belt (33) and is arranged below the conveyor (4).
  16. Dosing hopper according to claim 15, characterized in that the floor belt (33) comprises a horizontal section (35) and a vertical section (36) and is guided by at least three guide pulleys (37, 38, 39) arranged like the corners of a right-angled triangle.
  17. Dosing hopper according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one of the guide pulleys (37, 38, 39) is adjustably arranged and in that the belt tension may be adjusted with the help of said guide pulley (s) .
  18. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a discharge belt weighing scale (22) is provided on the horizontal conveying shaft (18) or on the floor belt (33), with the help of which the discharge conveying rate and/or the in-feed conveying rate may be regulated.
  19. Dosing hopper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that fill level sensors are provided on the vertical filling space (3) or the horizontal filling section (32), said fill level sensors detecting the respective fill level heights.
  20. Dosing hopper according to claim 19, characterized in that the fill level sensors are connected with an evaluating device designed in such a way that the conveyor, with the help of the fill level signals, may be readjusted continuously following the respective fill level heights, either horizontally or at a slant to the horizontal line.
  21. Dosing hopper according to claim 19 and 20, characterized in that the evaluating device is connected with the proportioning belt weigher (4) and is designed in such a way that the in-feed conveying rate may be regulated with the help of the fill level signals.
EP01986632A 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Dosing hopper Expired - Lifetime EP1328383B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10050433A DE10050433A1 (en) 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Dosing bunker for manufacture of derived timber product panels with weight-dosed strand distribution across full bunker width
DE10050433 2000-10-12
PCT/EP2001/011815 WO2002030639A1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Dosing hopper

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1328383A1 EP1328383A1 (en) 2003-07-23
EP1328383B1 true EP1328383B1 (en) 2009-02-11

Family

ID=7659464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01986632A Expired - Lifetime EP1328383B1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-12 Dosing hopper

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US (1) US7278551B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1328383B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2425629A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10050433A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002030639A1 (en)

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ITTV20040118A1 (en) * 2004-10-20 2005-01-20 Luca Toncelli EQUIPMENT FOR THIN LAYER DISTRIBUTION OF A MIXTURE BASED ON STONE OR AGGLOMERATE CERAMIC MATERIAL.
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IT1405427B1 (en) * 2010-12-16 2014-01-10 Ramina S R L MACHINE FOR FORMING A FABRIC OF A FABRIC FALSE
US8783438B2 (en) 2012-11-30 2014-07-22 Heb Grocery Company, L.P. Diverter arm for retail checkstand and retail checkstands and methods incorporating same

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Publication number Publication date
US7278551B2 (en) 2007-10-09
DE10050433A1 (en) 2002-04-18
CA2425629A1 (en) 2003-04-14
EP1328383A1 (en) 2003-07-23
DE50114704D1 (en) 2009-03-26
US20040043095A1 (en) 2004-03-04
WO2002030639A1 (en) 2002-04-18

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