EP1310451B1 - Chain driven elevator with overload protection - Google Patents

Chain driven elevator with overload protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1310451B1
EP1310451B1 EP20020405926 EP02405926A EP1310451B1 EP 1310451 B1 EP1310451 B1 EP 1310451B1 EP 20020405926 EP20020405926 EP 20020405926 EP 02405926 A EP02405926 A EP 02405926A EP 1310451 B1 EP1310451 B1 EP 1310451B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chain
link chain
hinge
hinge link
deflection element
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP20020405926
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1310451A1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Liebetrau
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Publication date
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Priority to ES02405926T priority Critical patent/ES2303849T3/en
Priority to EP20020405926 priority patent/EP1310451B1/en
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Publication of EP1310451B1 publication Critical patent/EP1310451B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/14—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of excessive loads
    • B66B5/145—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions in case of excessive loads electrical

Definitions

  • overload limiter is expensive and requires additional installation space. In order to ensure a reliable function of the overload limitation, regular maintenance is necessary, which is associated with additional costs.

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  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Aufzug mit einem Antrieb zum Heben und Senken eines Lastaufnahmemittels, und einem Überlastbegrenzer gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. The invention relates to an elevator with a drive for lifting and lowering a load-receiving means, and an overload limiter according to the preamble of claim 1.

Überlastbegrenzer dieser Art dienen bei Aufzügen dazu, eine Aufzugsfahrt mit unzulässig hoher Last zu verhindern.Overload limiters of this type are used in elevators to prevent an elevator ride with unacceptably high load.

Ein Aufzug mit einem derartigen Überlastbegrenzer ist beispielsweise bekannt ausAn elevator with such an overload limiter is known, for example US 2462041US 2462041 ., In diesem Fall umfasst der Überlastbegrenzer ein Paar bogenförmig vorgeformter Federelemente, die unter der Wirkung einer auf ihre Enden einwirkenden Last ihre Form verändern.In this case, the overload limiter comprises a pair of arcuately pre-formed spring elements which change their shape under the action of a load acting on their ends.

Es ist bereits aus der US 4,664,230 bei einem Kettenaufzug für Kleinlasten bekannt, das Antriebszackenrad über eine Rutschkupplung mit der Antriebswelle des Motors zu koppeln. Die Rutschkupplung wirkt mit einem Schaltelement zusammen. Übersteigt das über die Antriebskette auf das Antriebszackenrad wirkende Lastmoment das an der Rutschkupplung einstellbare maximal zulässige Lastmoment, bzw. die maximal zulässige Last, dann tritt Schlupf in der Rutschkupplung auf. Dabei drehen sich das Antriebszackenrad und die Antriebswelle relativ zueinander, wodurch das Schaltelement betätigt wird, welches den Aufzugantrieb stillsetzt.It is already out of the US 4,664,230 In a chain hoist for small loads known to couple the drive sprocket via a slip clutch with the drive shaft of the engine. The slip clutch cooperates with a switching element. If the load torque acting on the drive toothed wheel via the drive chain exceeds the maximum permissible load torque which can be set on the slip clutch, or the maximum permissible load, then slip occurs in the slip clutch. It turns the Antriebszackenrad and the drive shaft relative to each other, whereby the switching element is actuated, which stops the elevator drive.

Ein solcher Überlastbegrenzer ist aufwendig und erfordert zusätzlichen Einbauraum. Um eine zuverlässige Funktion der Überlastbegrenzung zu gewährleisten, ist zudem eine regelmässige Wartung nötig, was mit zusätzlichen Kosten verbunden ist.Such overload limiter is expensive and requires additional installation space. In order to ensure a reliable function of the overload limitation, regular maintenance is necessary, which is associated with additional costs.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen eingangs beschriebenen Überlastbegrenzer für einen Kettenaufzug anzugeben, der auf kostengünstige Weise eine zuverlässige Überlastbegrenzung ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide an overload limiter for a chain hoist described above, which allows a cost-effective manner reliable overload limit.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einem gattungsgemässen Kettenaufzug durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gegeben.The solution to this problem is given in a generic chain elevator by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Der Überlastbegrenzer besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Auslenkelement und einem Schaltelement, welche relativ zueinander bewegbar an der Gelenkgliederkette angebracht sind. Das Auslenkelement erzwingt in Abhängigkeit der an der Gelenkgliederkette angreifenden Last eine Auslenkung wenigstens eines Längenabschnitts der Gelenkgliederkette. Das Schaltelement ist an einem nicht ausgelenkten Teil der Gelenkgliederkette befestigt. Zunehmende Last verringert die Auslenkung und verändert damit die Relativlage von Auslenkelement und Schaltelement. Ab Erreichen der zulässigen maximalen Last, bzw. einer entsprechend vorgegebenen Relativlage, betätigt das Auslenkelement das Schaltelement und löst damit ein Signal aus.The overload limiter consists essentially of a deflection element and a switching element, which are mounted relative to each other movable on the link chain. The deflection element forces a deflection of at least one longitudinal section of the link chain as a function of the load acting on the link chain. The switching element is attached to a non-deflected part of the link chain. Increasing load reduces the deflection and thus changes the relative position of the deflection element and switching element. From reaching the maximum allowable load, or a correspondingly predetermined relative position, the deflection element actuates the switching element and thus triggers a signal.

Die wenigen einfachen Teilen des Überlastbegrenzers stellen zuverlässige Funktion ohne Wartungsbedarf sicher. Neben einem kostengünstigen Aufbau ist der komplette Überlastbegrenzer mit geringem Aufwand und ohne Werkzeug an der Gelenkgliederkette montierbar und somit auch als Ganzes an bestehenden Kettenaufzügen nachrüstbar.The few simple parts of the overload limiter ensure reliable operation without requiring maintenance. In addition to a cost-effective design of the complete overload limiter with little effort and without tools on the articulated link chain can be mounted and thus retrofitted as a whole on existing chain hoists.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit an der Gelenkgliederkette angeordnetem Überlastbegrenzer, dessen Auslenkelement als Blattfeder ausgebildet ist, ist anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung erläutert.An embodiment of the invention with arranged on the hinge link chain overload limiter whose Deflection element is designed as a leaf spring is explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Bei einem Kettenaufzug 1 greift dessen Antrieb zum Heben und Senken einer mit einer Gelenkgliederkette 3 verbundenen Aufzugkabine 4 über die Zähne 5 eines angetriebenen Kettenrads 6 in die Kettenglieder 7 der Gelenkgliederkette 3 ein. An dem kabinenseitigen Ende der Gelenkgliederkette 3 ist die Aufzugkabine 4 mit Hilfe eines durch ein Kettenglied 7.1 gesteckten Steckbolzens 8 an einem Flansch 9 der Aufzugkabine 4 befestigt. Unabhängig von der Art der vorgesehenen Kettenendbefestigung 10 wird über diese das Gewicht der Aufzugkabine 4 und der jeweiligen Zuladung in die Gelenkgliederkette 3 eingeleitet. Unter der angreifenden Last FL nimmt die Gelenkgliederkette 3 im Bereich zwischen der Kettenendbefestigung 10 und dem Kettenrad 6 gewöhnlich einen linearen Verlauf ein, der der kürzesten Verbindung zwischen diesen Punkten entspricht, die sogenannte Förderrichtung 11.In a chain hoist 1 whose drive for raising and lowering engages a connected to a hinge link chain 3 elevator car 4 via the teeth 5 of a driven sprocket 6 in the chain links 7 of the link chain 3. At the cabin-side end of the articulated link chain 3, the elevator car 4 is fastened to a flange 9 of the elevator car 4 by means of a plug pin 8 inserted through a chain link 7.1. Regardless of the type of chain end attachment 10 provided, the weight of the elevator car 4 and the respective payload are introduced into the link chain 3 via this. Under the attacking load FL, the link chain 3 in the region between the chain end attachment 10 and the sprocket 6 usually assumes a linear course which corresponds to the shortest connection between these points, the so-called conveying direction 11.

Erfindungsgemäss ist hier an dem Kettenabschnitt, der beim Heben und Senken der Aufzugkabine 4 nicht über das Kettenrad 6 läuft, zwischen der Kettenendbefestigung 10 und dem Kettenrad 6, an dem mit der Aufzugkabine 4 verbundenen Ende der Gelenkgliederkette 3 ein Überlastbegrenzer 20 installiert.According to the invention, an overload limiter 20 is installed here on the chain section, which does not run over the sprocket 6 when the elevator car 4 is raised and lowered between the chain end attachment 10 and the sprocket 6.

Der Überlastbegrenzer 20 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Blattfeder 21 und einem Mikroschalter 22. Die etwa L-förmige Blattfeder 21 bildet einen langen Schenkel 21.1 und einen im wesentlichen dazu rechtwinklig frei abstehenden kurzen Schenkel 21.2 aus. Das freie Ende des langen Schenkels 21.1 ist um ca. 180 ° umgebogen und bildet eine Einhängelasche 21.3, mit der die Blattfeder 21 an einem Gelenk 26 in die Gelenkgliederkette 3 eingehängt ist. Von dem Gelenk 26 aus liegt der lange Schenkel 21.1 in Richtung zur Aufzugkabine 4 weisend und im wesentlichen parallel zur Förderrichtung 11 über eine Länge von mehreren Kettengliedern 7 auf einer ersten Seite der Gelenkgliederkette 3 an. In dessen weiteren Verlauf durchragt der lange Schenkel 21.1 der Blattfeder 21 durch ein Kettenglied 7.2 und liegt sodann auf einer zweiten Seite der Gelenkgliederkette 3 an mindestens einem weiteren Gelenk 26.1 eines Gelenkgliedes 7.2 an. Die Steifigkeit, wie auch die Dicke d der Blattfeder 21 sind dabei konstruktiv derart dimensioniert, dass das von der Blattfeder 21 durchragte Kettenglied 7.2 und mit diesem zusammen das restliche kabinenseitige Ende der Gelenkgliederkette 3 um einen Auslenkwinkel Δα gegenüber der Förderrichtung 11 seitlich ausgelenkt ist.The overload limiter 20 consists essentially of a leaf spring 21 and a microswitch 22. The approximately L-shaped leaf spring 21 forms a long leg 21.1 and a substantially perpendicular projecting freely projecting short leg 21.2. The free end of the long leg 21.1 is bent by about 180 ° and forms a suspension lug 21.3 , with which the leaf spring 21 is mounted on a hinge 26 in the hinge link chain 3. Of the joint 26 of the long leg 21.1 is pointing in the direction of the elevator car 4 and substantially parallel to the conveying direction 11 over a length of several chain links 7 on a first side of the link chain 3. In its further course, the long leg 21.1 of the leaf spring 21 extends through a chain link 7.2 and then rests on a second side of the link chain 3 at at least one other joint 26.1 of a joint member 7.2. The stiffness, as well as the thickness d of the leaf spring 21 are structurally dimensioned such that the projected by the leaf spring 21 chain link 7.2 and with this the rest of the cab side end of the link chain 3 is deflected laterally by a deflection angle .DELTA..alpha.

In dieser erzwungenen ausgelenkten Lage greift die Kraft aus der Masse der Aufzugkabine 4 und der Nutzlast in einem Abstand s zum ersten Gelenk 26.1 an der Gelenkgliederkette 3 an. Der Abstand s ergibt sich jeweils aus dem erzwungenen Auslenkwinkel Δα. Das dadurch erzeugte Rückstellmoment MR wirkt auf den langen Schenkel 21.1 der Blattfeder 21, so dass im ersten Gelenk 26.1 jeweils ein Momentengleichgewicht einstellt. Die Momenteneinleitung erfolgt dabei über die in Förderrichtung 11 beabstandeten auf einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten des langen Schenkels 21.1 anliegenden ersten 26. 1 und zweiten Gelenke 26.2 des ausgelenkten Kettengliedes 7.2.In this forced deflected position, the force from the mass of the elevator car 4 and the payload engages at a distance s to the first joint 26. 1 on the link chain 3. The distance s results in each case from the forced deflection angle Δα. The restoring moment MR generated thereby acts on the long leg 21.1 of the leaf spring 21, so that in each case a moment equilibrium is set in the first joint 26.1. The torque introduction takes place via the spaced in the conveying direction 11 on opposite sides of the long leg 21.1 adjacent first 26. 1 and second joints 26.2 of the deflected chain link 7.2.

Unter der Wirkung des Rückstellmomentes MR wird der lange Schenkel 21.1 der Blattfeder 21 elastisch gebogen. In Folge der Biegung des langen Schenkels 21.1 der Blattfeder 21 folgt auch das freie Ende des kurzen Schenkels 21.2 dessen Biegung und beschreibt eine Translationsbewegung in Richtung Einhängelasche 21.3. Die Auslenkung des kurzen Schenkels 21.2 in Folge der Biegebeanspruchung des langen Schenkels 21.1 betätigt den Taster des Mikroschalters 22.Under the action of the restoring moment MR, the long leg 21.1 of the leaf spring 21 is bent elastically. As a result of the bending of the long leg 21.1 of the leaf spring 21, the free end of the short leg 21.2 follows its bending and describes a translational movement in the direction of the suspension lug 21.3 . The deflection of the short leg 21.2 as a result of the bending stress of the long leg 21.1 actuates the button of the microswitch 22nd

Der Mikroschalter 22 als Schaltelement, ist mit Hilfe einer Befestigung 28 ortsfest an Kettengliedern 7 angebracht, auf deren gegenüberliegenden Seite der lange Schenkel 21.1 der Blattfeder 21 anliegt. Der Mikroschalter 22 weist einen Taster 22.1 auf, welcher im wesentlichen parallel zum langen Schenkel verschlieblich - in Betätigungsrichtung 22.2 - im Mikroschalter 22 gelagert ist. In dieser Anordnung bewegt sich der kurze Schenkel 21.2 unter der Wirkung des Rückstellmomentes MR relativ auf den Mikroschalter 22 zu.The microswitch 22 as a switching element is attached by means of a fastening 28 fixed to chain links 7, on the opposite side of the long leg 21.1 of the leaf spring 21 abuts. The microswitch 22 has a button 22.1 , which is mounted in the microswitch 22 substantially parallel to the long leg - in the direction of actuation 22.2 . In this arrangement, the short leg 21.2 moves relative to the microswitch 22 under the effect of the restoring moment MR.

Die Biegesteifigkeit des langen Schenkels 21.1, die Länge des kurzen Schenkels 21.2 und der Abstand Δh des Tasters zum kurzen Schenkel sind in einer Weise aufeinander abgestimmt, dass unter der Wirkung der maximal zulässigen Förderlast des Kettenaufzugs 1 der lange Schenkel 21.1 so weit gebogen wird, dass der kurze Schenkel 21.2 eine Translationsbewegung um die Strecke Δh relativ zum Mikroschalter 22 beschreibt. Bei Erreichen bzw. Überschreiten der Strecke Δh wird über den Taster im Mikroschalter 22 ein elektrisches Schaltsignal ausgelöst.The bending stiffness of the long leg 21.1, the length of the short leg 21.2 and the distance Δh of the button to the short leg are coordinated in such a way that under the action of the maximum allowable load of the chain elevator 1, the long leg 21.1 is bent so far that the short leg 21.2 describes a translation movement by the distance Δh relative to the microswitch 22. When reaching or exceeding the distance .DELTA.h is triggered via the button in the micro-switch 22, an electrical switching signal.

Anstelle der Blattfeder 21, kann in einer alternativen Ausführung das Auslenkelement starr ausgebildet sein. Allerdings ist dort aber die Möglichkeit einer lastabhängigen Relativbewegung zwischen dem Auslenkelement und dem Schaltelement vorzusehen. So ist dazu das starre Auslenkelement so an der Gliedergelenkkette anzubringen, dass einerseits eine Drehung des starren Auslenkelements um das ausgelenkte Gelenkglied möglich ist andererseits aber von dem Auslenkelement ein Drehmomnet auf das ausgelenkte Gelenkglied ausgeübt wird. Die Erzeugung des Drehmoments kann durch eine Feder oder aber durch eine Masse unter Ausnutzung der Gravitationskraft erfolgen.Instead of the leaf spring 21, in an alternative embodiment, the deflection element may be rigid. However, there is the possibility of providing a load-dependent relative movement between the deflection element and the switching element. Thus, for this purpose, the rigid deflection element is to be attached to the articulated joint chain such that, on the one hand, rotation of the rigid deflection element about the deflected joint member is possible, but on the other hand a torque is exerted on the articulated joint member by the deflection element. The generation of the torque can be done by a spring or by a mass taking advantage of the gravitational force.

Das elektrische Schaltsignal wird über Signalleitungen 29 an die Aufzugsteuerung 30 weitergeleitet, welche daraufhin den Antrieb 2 stillsetzt und eine entsprechende Anzeige aufschaltet. Die Signalleitungen 29 sind zweckmässiger Weise entlang des kabinenseitigen Endes der Gelenkgliederkette 3 zur Aufzugkabine 4 hin gelegt und verlaufen zusammen mit den übrigen Signal- und Steuerleitungen beispielsweise über ein Hängekabel zur Aufzugsteuerung 30.The electrical switching signal is forwarded via signal lines 29 to the elevator control 30, which then stops the drive 2 and switches on a corresponding display. The signal lines 29 are expediently placed along the cabin-side end of the link chain 3 to the elevator car 4 and extend together with the other signal and control lines, for example via a suspension cable to the elevator control 30th

Claims (6)

  1. Lift (1) with a drive (2) for raising and lowering a load receiving means (4), and an overload limiter (20) with a resiliently bendable deflection element (21) and a switching element (22), which in the case of an impermissibly large load (FL) co-operate with one another in order to produce a signal for shutting down the drive (2), characterised in that the drive (2) for raising and lowering the load receiving means (4) engages in hinge links (7) of a hinge link chain (3) connected with the load receiving means (4) and that the deflection element (21) bears against the hinge link chain (3) at at least two locations (26.1, 26.2), which are spaced apart in conveying direction (11), on mutually opposite sides of the hinge link chain (3) and that the switching element (22) is fixed to one or more hinge links (7).
  2. Lift according to claim 1, characterised in that a chain link (7.2) of the hinge link chain (3) is deflected relative to the conveying direction (11) of the hinge link chain (3) by means of the deflecting element (21) in dependence on the load (FL) engaging the hinge link chain (3) and that on attainment of a relative position, which corresponds with the impermissible load (FL), of deflection element (21) and switching element (22) the signal for shutting down the drive (2) is produced.
  3. Lift according claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the deflection element (21) is fixed in conveying direction (11) to the hinge link chain (3).
  4. Lift according to claim 3, characterised in that the deflection element (21) is suspended in the hinge link chain (3).
  5. Lift according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the deflection element (21) forms an actuating element (21.2) which protrudes at an angle to the conveying direction (11) and co-operates with the switching element (22).
  6. Lift according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the deflection element (9) is constructed as an L-shaped leaf spring (21) with a long limb (21.1) and a short limb (21.2) and the long limb (21.1) bears substantially parallel to the conveying direction (11) on a first side against several chain links (7) and protrudes through the plane of the hinge link chain (3) between two successive hinge links (26.1, 26.2) and bears on a second side of the hinge link chain (3) against at least one chain link (7.2).
EP20020405926 2001-11-07 2002-10-30 Chain driven elevator with overload protection Expired - Lifetime EP1310451B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES02405926T ES2303849T3 (en) 2001-11-07 2002-10-30 CHAIN LIFT WITH OVERLOAD LIMITER.
EP20020405926 EP1310451B1 (en) 2001-11-07 2002-10-30 Chain driven elevator with overload protection

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01811074 2001-11-07
EP01811074 2001-11-07
EP20020405926 EP1310451B1 (en) 2001-11-07 2002-10-30 Chain driven elevator with overload protection

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1310451A1 EP1310451A1 (en) 2003-05-14
EP1310451B1 true EP1310451B1 (en) 2008-03-26

Family

ID=26077435

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20020405926 Expired - Lifetime EP1310451B1 (en) 2001-11-07 2002-10-30 Chain driven elevator with overload protection

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1310451B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2303849T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2462041A (en) * 1945-05-09 1949-02-15 Robert L Hohler Safety link
US4046226A (en) * 1976-07-08 1977-09-06 Flinchbaugh-Murray Corporation Elevator system for transporting wheelchair patients
DE3538118A1 (en) * 1985-10-26 1987-04-30 Erlau Ag Eisen Drahtwerk CONTROL DEVICE FOR THE OVERLOAD CONTROL OF CHAINS

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Publication number Publication date
ES2303849T3 (en) 2008-09-01
EP1310451A1 (en) 2003-05-14

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