EP1308559A1 - Production of railway concrete sleepers - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for manufacturing a concrete sleeper with partially embedded holders (8) for rails comprises inserting the holders into holes (30) in the wall (24) of a sleeper mould which is then filled with concrete. The holder is kept in position during moulding by exerting force on a section (20) which remains outside the mould <??>An Independent claim is included for a system for carrying out the above process.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a concrete sleeper, which with partially embedded mounting elements for Railroad tracks is populated by inserting the bracket elements in Receiving openings of the mold wall of a sleeper mold, filling liquid or plastic concrete mass in a mold cavity Threshold shape and subsequent demolding of the threshold.

An important aspect when manufacturing such concrete sleepers with embedded mounting elements, such as so-called Pandrol fast clips is that the holding elements predetermined relative to the threshold Layers must occupy according to the respective track system for which the concrete threshold is determined. So the bracket elements in their Position on the threshold of the track gauge of the track in question be coordinated. The rails of the track are each mediated at least one support element on one side of the rail and at least one mounting element on the other side of the rail attached to the threshold, so determine the manner of Rail fastening and the formation of the rail itself, such as the Cross dimension of a rail foot, requirements for the relative position the support elements assigned to a rail.

It is known that a trough-like in the manufacture of the concrete sleeper To use sleeper mold that one from a mold floor and Side walls has limited mold cavity and with an in Filling condition of the threshold opening at the top is executed, with at least one receiving opening for the insertion of a rail mounting element is provided, which in the inserted state on the mold base in a predetermined position is supported above the bottom of the mold within the Mold cavity anchoring part and one below the Mold base outside the mold cavity rail holding part having. With such a threshold shape are used to manufacture the Concrete sleeper support elements, for example, manually from the Mold cavity inserted into a respective receiving opening, in which In the course of inserting the mounting elements according to the track-related specifications, e.g. track gauge, etc., are positioned.

There is a relatively close engagement between the known threshold form the receiving opening and the support members provided to relative displacements of the mounting elements during the filling of Concrete material and, if necessary, shaking the threshold form Keep concrete compaction as small as possible. Such a close Intervention, however, requires that the right to insert the mounting elements large positioning forces are required so that the onset of Bracket elements in the receiving openings difficult and in the case of one manual insertion is tedious. There are risks with regard to improper arrangement of the mounting elements in the Receiving openings so that there is a risk that sleepers with not Brackets properly positioned on the sleepers getting produced. Through the resulting committee the Production of sleepers more expensive.

Because of the tight, relatively large holding forces on the mounting elements exercising engagement between the support members and the It also appears necessary for the openings to be removed from the mold Threshold to wait until the concrete has hardened sufficiently so that when Forces introduced into the mounting elements do not demold the threshold can damage more and the relative positions of the Bracket elements on the threshold are not changed by these forces there are no cracks. You therefore have thresholds of the type mentioned in the so-called "late scarf system", at a sufficient hardening of the concrete is expected before the Thresholds are demolded. The production of sleepers in The late shuttering system has the disadvantage that in relation to a desired production capacity of sleepers per unit of time a large Number of threshold forms is required, namely the individual for which Production of a threshold used threshold form only after Elapse of a possibly relatively long curing time interval can be used for the production of a further threshold. The Requirement to have a threshold manufacturing facility with a comparative Equipping a large number of threshold forms requires one corresponding cost, which is in the single threshold reflects attributable manufacturing costs.

The invention has for its object the manufacture of sleepers mentioned type with increased productivity and ensuring the relative positioning requirements for the bracket elements on the Enable thresholds.

To achieve this object, according to one aspect of the invention suggested that after insertion of the at least one Bracket element in the respective opening of the mold wall on a over the mold wall protruding part of the Holding element a positioning and / or holding force is applied.

By the part of the mounting element projecting outwards The applied force can be sufficient to meet the requirements Positioning of the support elements on the sleepers can be achieved or / and the correctly positioned bracket elements can be attached to the Thresholds are held in their respective positions, for example, too then when filling a sleeper mold with concrete material or / and shaking the threshold shape, for example to compact the filled concrete material on the at least one support element Forces act in the direction of a change in the respective position of the Bracket act.

Advantageous further developments of the method according to the invention the first aspect of the invention are in subclaims 2 to 11 specified. So the application device of claim 2 allows the Appropriate "switching on" and "switching off" of the Positioning and / or holding force. So the positioning or / and Holding force in the course of inserting the at least one Bracket element "switched off" in a respective receiving opening be so that no excessive forces on the insertion Bracket must be exercised. Becomes a positioning force created, the respective support element still needs when inserting can not be positioned exactly, so that a manual Insertion of the mounting elements can be provided. The exact one Positioning of the respective bracket element then takes place under the Effect of the positioning force.

The implementation of the gravitational force according to claim 4 can be such done that, for example, the weight of the sleeper shape about on a Support base is detected, and the detection of this weight force the application the positioning and / or holding force. It can be a direct Implementation of the gravitational force by mechanical or hydraulic Means can be provided, which by the gravitational force (especially that Weight of the sleeper shape) are actuated, for example to move the Engagement elements in the position with power application attack. But it can also an indirect conversion of the weight can be provided, for example such that a weight sensor detects the weight of the threshold shape corresponding signal to a control unit, and then this one Actuator or the like controls the positioning or / and Holding force generated. The actuator could do that, for example Drive the engaging element of the application device.

With the support base for the sleeper shape mentioned as a possibility, it can is a production vibrator that is used to compress the into the Threshold form filled concrete serves.

After the developments of claims 8 and 9, it is ensured that by filling in the concrete mass or by shaking the Threshold-shaped forces on the at least one mounting element only act when the respective mounting element through the applied holding force is secured in its position.

According to the developments of claims 5 and 10, it is possible that the Action of the positioning or / and holding force on the at least one Bracket element with the assignment of the threshold shape to one Manufacturing vibrator is linked, making it a simple and reliable Process results.

According to a second aspect of the invention, for the above-mentioned Method proposed that in each case at least one mounting element in in each case at least one receiving opening of at least one mold wall part is used, which is separable from the residual shape, that the residual shape before the threshold is fully hardened, it is removed from under Leaving at least one wall part and the at least one Bracket element on the unmolded threshold and that this wall part after further hardening the threshold is removed under Leaving the bracket part on the threshold. The invention The method according to the second aspect can be used together with the Method according to the first aspect of part of a parent overall process according to the invention.

The proposed invention of the second aspect makes it possible to use the a residual shape that has not yet been fully cured further use of concrete sleepers, while the at least one mold wall part on the threshold that is still curing remains. The threshold is initially only in terms of the residual shape demolded (demolded), while regarding at least one De-molding (demolding) has not yet taken place. So that can Forces avoided on the at least one in the at least a receiving opening of the molded wall part inserted bracket element when the molded wall part is removed and cause damage the threshold or / and to loosen the anchorage of the Bracket element could result in the threshold. Because you can according to the invention proposal with the removal of the at least one Wait, for example, until the threshold is sufficient is confirmed that such forces acting on the support member none Can do more damage.

Further developments of the method according to the second Aspects that lead to further advantages are in subclaims 13 to 21 specified. So claim 14 specifies a possibility like that Residual form can be removed from the threshold. Can be used as a lid Cover plate or the like can be used, which is convenient firmly attached to the form, for example, clipped before the Threshold shape is rotated.

The method according to claim 17 is particularly preferred. According to this, the respective molded wall part remaining on the threshold serves to do so, at least two support elements in a predetermined relative Fix location. For example, it could be a rail together act as support elements assigned to a track (cf. claim 18). According to claim 19, the two rails of a track each a separate molded wall part for the relative position fixation of each Bracket elements can be assigned.

In general, it is preferred that the residual shape after filling in the Threshold form and possibly compacting the concrete mass in the Threshold form from the essentially still uncured threshold is removed. In particular, the threshold with respect to the Residual form manufactured according to the so-called "immediate demoulding system" be, while according to claim 16 a much later formwork the threshold is provided with respect to the at least one mold wall part is, possibly according to the so-called "immediate demoulding system".

According to a third aspect of the invention, what is stated at the beginning Method proposed according to the invention that the threshold at least is partially demolded before complete hardening and that thereon at least two rail support elements before complete hardening of the concrete can be corrected to a relative target position, preferably in a state of the concrete in which this, if any, as a result of the correction the resulting cavities can be filled again. The invention The method of the third aspect can be used together with the method of first aspect or / and the second aspect part of a higher-level Overall process according to the invention.

The inventive proposal according to the third aspect provides that the respective threshold is at least partially removed from the mold before complete hardening and that then at least two rail support elements with regard corrected their relative positioning at the threshold (relative target position) be used, for example, to fulfill the requirements of the Rail system resulting requirements for the relative location of the Rail bracket elements. It is mainly in the relative locations of the Rail bracket elements thought of the track gauge of a track at least have a say.

The correction of relative positions of the rail support elements enables a relatively early demolding (demoulding) of the Threshold related to the hardening state of the threshold and enables on the other hand, compliance with the required relative location with high Accuracy and reliability. Due to the relatively early demoulding (Demoulding), if necessary partial demolding (partial demolding), can relevant sleeper moldings removed from the sleeper (possibly Residual form in the sense of the second aspect of the invention) already for the Manufacture of sleepers can be used. The threshold can be so far even manufactured according to the "immediate demoulding system" in which a sleeper shape filled with concrete immediately after compacting the Concrete is removed, in the case of prestressed concrete sleepers the required Preloading the threshold only after the concrete has hardened is applied. According to the third aspect of the invention complete hardening of the concrete the relative location of the at least two Rail holding elements corrected to the intended relative target position. This allows thresholds to be produced at which the relevant Bracket elements with high accuracy specified relative target positions take in.

Further developments of the method according to the third Aspect are given in claims 23 to 29. According to claim 26 is preferably a track gauge setting having a vibrating arrangement or / and gauges used for correction, which may be next to a target distance in the transverse direction to a longitudinal direction of the relevant mounting elements at least one other Positioning degree of freedom of the bracket elements sets and / or holds (Claim 27). With the further degree of positioning freedom it can be about an angular position about a vertical axis of the mounting element, that is an orientation of the support element with respect to the transverse direction act so that about a contact surface of each Bracket element runs parallel to the rail.

Preferably, the gauge setting and / or stop gauge works accordingly Claim 28 with the intermediation of two mold wall parts. Both Mold wall parts can be on a threshold after removal of a Remaining mold remaining mold wall parts in the sense of the method according to act second aspect of the invention (see claim 20).

Further developments of the method according to the invention after all three Aspects are set out in claims 30 to 32. According to claim 30 it is preferred to use a low-water concrete mix, the one Complete or partial immediate demoulding of the in the respective Sleeper shape to form a sleeper shaped concrete (if necessary after shaking or / and smoothing) as well as a position correction of embedded Bracket elements allows.

The invention further relates to a device for the production of Concrete sleepers, comprising a trough-like sleeper shape with a Mold cavity, bounded by a mold bottom and side walls and executed with one lying on top when filled Filling opening, with at least one receiving opening for the insertion of a rail mounting element is provided, which in the inserted state on the mold base in a predetermined position is supported above the bottom of the mold within the Mold cavity anchoring part and one below the Mold base outside the mold cavity rail holding part has, and further comprising a support arrangement for carrying the Sleeper shape with filling opening on top during the filling process.

In particular, the inventive method according to the first To be able to carry out aspect, it is proposed according to the invention that the device at least during the filling process on the underside of the mold bottom arranged power application device for application a substantially downward positioning or / and Holding force on the rail holding part of the at least one Schienenhaltungselmeents. The result in relation to the Method according to the invention specified according to the first aspect Benefits.

Developments of the device according to the invention are in the claims 34 to 49 specified. The power application device can at least partially be integrated into or attached to the support arrangement. Generally spoken a permanent assignment of the power application device to Support arrangement may be provided (claim 40). With the support arrangement can it is a production vibrator.

The power application device can also at least partially in the Threshold form integrated or attached to this. Generally spoken, the power application device can at least partially in permanent assignment to the threshold form should be appropriate (claim 41). In the case of forming the mold bottom of the mold with at least one Molded wall part, it is preferred in this connection that the Power application device at least partially on the remaining shape in permanent Assignment is appropriate.

A demoulding device (demolding device) is preferred for Lifting the threshold form off a threshold formed with it intended. In the case of forming the mold base with at least one Removable mold wall part preferably comprises the demoulding device a first demoulding station for lifting the threshold form underneath Leaving the at least one molded wall part on the threshold and a second demoulding station to remove the first on the Threshold remaining part of the molded wall from the threshold. Through this Further development, the device according to the invention is particularly good for this suitable in carrying out the method according to the invention to be used in the second aspect.

With a view to carrying out the method according to the invention according to the third aspect, the developments of claims 47 proposed to 49.

Alternatively or in addition to the training of the above Device with a power application device is also a Another aspect of the invention proposed that the device is one of the threshold form separate, for engagement with positioning elements of at least two mounting elements or / and of at least two Mold wall parts certain position correction gauge in one Position correction station of a threshold production path, in which the Concrete consistency allows a position correction. The facility is thus particularly well suited for the process according to the invention to carry out the third aspect of the invention. Further training of the Means are given in claims 51 to 53; furthermore can in this regard, reference is made to the content of claims 33 to 49.

According to a further aspect of the invention is for the above Device alternatively or in addition to training the device with the Power application device and / or with the position correction gauge proposed that the mold base have at least one detachable wall part which has at least one receiving opening for a mounting element has and from the mold cavity side in a corresponding Window of the mold bottom can be used, it also being provided that the Support arrangement is arranged in a mold circulation path, which is from a equipped with the support assembly filling station Mold covering station, a mold turning station and a first one Descaling station leads back to the mold filling station, whereby in the Mold cover station the filling opening of the mold with a lid is closable, in the mold turning station the threshold mold together Cover is reversible and in the first formwork removal station the remaining form of. the threshold can be raised leaving at least one Molded wall part on the threshold. It is also provided that Mold circulation at or after the first demoulding station Threshold path branches off, which is a curing section and this has a second demoulding station, in which the at least one mold wall part can be removed from the respective threshold, and that from this second formwork station a return path for the Mold wall parts to the filling station, the number of rotating Mold wall parts is greater than the number of mold wall parts, that of the number of corresponds to the remaining molds in circulation.

This training of the facility is particularly good for this suitable, the inventive method according to the second aspect perform, with significant cost advantages resulting from the fact that the removed residual forms are already used for the production of further sleepers can be while the at least one Molded wall part still on the relevant one, for example even further curing threshold remains. To preferred further developments of The inventive device is based on the content of claims 33 to 53 referenced.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine Betonschwelle mit Schienen-Halterungselementen nach dem Pandrol-Fastclip-Schienenbefestigungssystem, die zur Befestigung der beiden Schienen eines Eisenbahngleises an der Schwelle dienen.

Fig. 2

zeigt in den Fig. 2a und 2b zwei seitliche Ansichten auf ein derartiges Halterungselement.

Fig. 3

zeigt in den Fig. 3a, 3b, 3c einen Ablauf beim Herstellen von Betonschwellen nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahrens.

Fig. 4, 5

zeigen im Detail eine Möglichkeit, wie gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel Positionierungs- oder/und Haltekräfte an in Aufnahmeöffnungen einer Formwandung einer Schwellenform eingesetzten Halterungselementen im Zuge des Plazierens der Schwellenform auf einer Tragbasis (ggf. Rüttler) angelegt werden können.

Fig. 6

veranschaulicht in den Fig. 6a und 6b den weiteren Ablauf der Herstellung einer Betonschwelle gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel im Anschluß an den Zustand der Fig. 3c.

Fig. 7, 8

zeigen den weiteren Ablauf des Ausführungsbeispiels des Herstellungsverfahrens in Anschluß an den Zustand der Fig. 6b.

Fig. 9

zeigt ein Diagramm, das in Piktogrammen eine erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung zur Herstellung von Betonschwellen und ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Betonschwellen gemäß einem jeweiligen Ausführungsbeispiel repräsentiert.

Fig. 10

zeigt eine beispielsweise entsprechend Fig. 9 hergestellte Betonschwelle mit zwei noch an der Schwelle verbliebenen, mit jeweils zwei Halterungselementen in Eingriff stehenden Formwandteilen unter Angabe von für die ordnungsgemäße Halterung von Schienen und des Einhaltens der Spurweite des Gleises wichtigen Maßen a, b und c.

Fig. 11

zeigt, wie das Maß a mittels einer Spurweite-Einstell-Lehre korrigierbar ist.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the figures.

Fig. 1

shows a concrete sleeper with rail mounting elements according to the Pandrol Fastclip rail fastening system, which are used to fasten the two rails of a railroad track to the sleeper.

Fig. 2

2a and 2b show two side views of such a mounting element.

Fig. 3

3a, 3b, 3c shows a sequence in the manufacture of concrete sleepers according to an embodiment of a manufacturing method according to the invention.

4, 5

show in detail a possibility of how, according to the exemplary embodiment, positioning and / or holding forces can be applied to mounting elements used in receiving openings of a mold wall of a sleeper mold in the course of placing the sleeper mold on a support base (possibly vibrator).

Fig. 6

6a and 6b illustrate the further sequence of manufacturing a concrete sleeper according to the exemplary embodiment following the state of FIG. 3c.

7, 8

show the further course of the embodiment of the manufacturing process following the state of Fig. 6b.

Fig. 9

shows a diagram which represents in pictograms an inventive device for the production of concrete sleepers and an inventive method for the production of concrete sleepers according to a respective embodiment.

Fig. 10

9 shows, for example, a concrete sleeper manufactured in accordance with FIG. 9 with two mold wall parts still remaining on the sleeper, each with two mounting elements in engagement, specifying dimensions a, b and c that are important for the correct mounting of rails and compliance with the track gauge of the track.

Fig. 11

shows how the dimension a can be corrected using a gauge setting gauge.

Fig. 1 shows a manufacturing method according to the invention manufactured concrete sleeper 10, in which to hold the two rails 12th and 14 of a track Pandrol support elements 8 with a respective one Bracket element base are anchored. Over the top 18 of the Concrete sleeper 10 each have sections of the mounting elements, which are also referred to as shoulder 20. The shoulders 20 have one special design with recesses and protrusions on the Rails using special springs called "clips" between two bracket elements assigned to a rail as such known way to tighten.

To the bracket elements in the manufacture of the concrete sleeper with your Embedding the respective anchoring foot in the concrete is advisable a threshold shape is used that is in one of the top 18 of the threshold assigned bottom wall has receiving openings into which the Bracket elements are used so that the respective foot in one Mold cavity protrudes from the mold and the respective shoulder on the other Side of the bottom wall is arranged. This makes it possible to Embed foot in the concrete to be filled in the sleeper mold.

According to the exemplary embodiments described here, a Threshold form 22 used, in which the bottom wall 24 in several parts and two of a residual shape 23 of the threshold shape 22 separable mold wall parts 26 and a coherent, with Molded side walls forming the residual shape 23 bottom wall section 28 includes. The bottom wall section 28 has cutouts 29 into which the Mold wall parts 26 can be used from the mold cavity and through there conical design of the edges of the respective hollow mold part and the Cutouts delimiting bottom wall edges flush in the plane of the Bottom wall are secured.

The respective molded wall part 26 has two receiving openings 30, in which a respective mounting element 8 from the cavity with his Shoulder forward can be used, as shown in Fig. 3b. For one it is proper arrangement of the bracket elements on the threshold required that the mounting element so in the respective Receiving opening is used that two stops 32 and 34 on one the receiving opening 30 delimiting seal 62 or Form wall part itself from the side of the mold cavity, as in Fig. 2b is shown. Here, the mold wall part 26 is shown in dashed lines, the Representation compared to the representation in Fig. 3b is rotated by 180 °.

On the one hand for correct positioning of the mounting elements 8 for to ensure the manufacture of the threshold and on the other hand the right one Positioning of the support elements during threshold production, especially while pouring concrete into the sleeper shape and while vibrating the sleeper mold for concrete compaction, maintains the threshold shape 22 for the two Mold wall parts 26 each have a power application device 36, which in one respective base 38 of the threshold form is integrated, which on Bottom wall section 28 is attached and thus belongs to the remaining shape 23. The Power application device 36 comprises a push pin 40 which in a Guide 42 of the respective base 38 is guided and by a Spring assembly 44 is biased to a position in which the push pin 40 with a lower end section 46 via a base underside 48 protrudes downward. On the push pin 40 are two lever-like Engagement elements 50 articulated, which by means of a respective link 52 a bolt 54 of the base 38 are guided such that a Sliding movement of the push pin 40 in a along an arc extending sliding / pivoting movement of the engaging elements 50 implemented as illustrated in FIG. 4.

The threshold shape 22 is assigned in a predetermined manner on an Support base 56, for example, a manufacturing vibrator 56 positioned, so presses a pin projection 58 of the support base 56 against the push pin 40 the bias of the spring assembly 44 up, causing the Engagement elements 50 are moved such that they are in recesses 60 of the Shoulders of each two, into the receiving openings of each Mold wall part 26 engage the holding elements and these in a position of the stops 32 and 34 at the top of the Molded wall part 26 or the receiving openings against passage seals 62 securing concrete mass. Through the Engagement elements 50 are attached to the support elements 8, more precisely their shoulders projecting outward beyond the mold wall 20 Positioning and holding forces created in connection with the respective mold wall part 26 and those formed therein Receiving openings 30 for a predetermined relative positioning of the Bracket elements in relation to the sleeper shape and in relation care for each other and the bracket elements in this respective position hold while according to Fig. 6a plastic or liquid concrete mass is filled into the sleeper mold 22 (arrow B) while shaking the Threshold shape by means of the manufacturing vibrator 56 (the vibrating is complete Symbolized by double arrows R).

Due to the positioning and exerted by means of the engagement elements 50 Holding forces is prevented that the support elements during the Concrete filling or shaking change their position so that the total Threshold with high position accuracy for the mounting elements can be manufactured. In this context it should be mentioned that in Usually sufficient if the relative positioning of the bracket elements among each other that of the respective rail system or track system dependent specifications, in particular the track gauge, while it to the absolute position of the bracket elements on the threshold in the Usually less arrives.

Due to the design of the power application device 36 described by placing the sleeper mold 22 on the support base 56 actuatable push pin 40 results in an extremely convenient and time-saving procedure. 3a shows the threshold shape in one Condition without inserted mounting elements, for example in one on one Crane device hanging state, as symbolized by a support rope 70. The mold wall parts 26 are already in the associated openings 29 of the Bottom wall section 28 inserted flush. Then it will be appropriate Fig. 3b, the support members 8 with their shoulder 20 ahead in the Openings 30 of the mold wall parts 26 inserted mechanically or manually. It is not necessary that the mounting elements already their Take the target position in the receiving openings 30. By turning off the Threshold form 22 on the support base 56 (in particular the vibrator 56) then the power application device 36 in the manner described activated so that the engagement elements 50 in the recesses 60 of the Intervene shoulders 20. It is supplementary to Fig. 2a and 2b with dashed lines showing how and where the Engagement elements 50 engage shoulders 20.

As a result of this engagement, the mounting elements 8 are in their desired position pulled into the receiving openings, so that then according to Fig. 6a the concrete mass can be poured into the sleeper shape. By the filled concrete by the filling process and / or the shaking by of the manufacturing vibrator 56 forces exerted on the mounting elements are on the receiving openings or the seals 62 of the am Bottom wall section 28 supported mold wall parts 26 and by the Engagement elements 50 added, so that the support members their maintain the respective target position.

Is the concrete in the threshold form 22 sufficient by the shaking compressed and possibly smoothed out, can according to Fig. 6b Threshold form 22 are covered by a cover plate 72. The cover plate 72 is preferably suitably connected to the Form 22 bracketed. 7, the covered threshold shape 22, in which the filled concrete mass is shaped to the threshold, again from the support base 56 is raised, whereby the push pin 40 under Action of the spring assembly 44 is pressed down and the Engagement elements 50 from their engagement with the extensions 60 of the Shoulders 20 are withdrawn again. The bracket elements 8 only by their engagement with the receiving openings 30 or the seals 62 assigned to them and by the Anchoring feet 16 embedding concrete in their respective position held.

One could now wait until the concrete has been removed from the mold is sufficiently hardened so that none due to demolding Damage to the threshold and in particular no loosening of the Anchoring of the bracket elements can be done. According to a preferred Embodiment of the embodiment described here is the Threshold 10, however, by removing the bottom wall section 28, the Feet 38 and the mold side walls comprising residual shape 23 of the not yet hardened threshold 10 in the sense of the so-called "early death Immediate demoulding system "demolded (demolded), the Mold wall parts 26 on the not yet hardened threshold 10 remain. Since the mold wall parts 26 easily come out of their openings 29 solve in the bottom wall 24 occur at this "early or Immediate demoulding "of the rest of the mold no essential on the mold wall parts 26 or the support elements 8 acting forces, so that no danger there is that the threshold 10 is damaged and the support members 8 can be loosened in their anchoring in the threshold 10. It is in In contrast, it is rather that the mold wall parts 26 that of a rail commonly assigned, in the state according to FIG. 1 on both sides of the rail arranged support elements 8 through the respective bottom wall part 26 hold in a predetermined relative position so that for tracking important dimensions b and c of FIG. 10 are observed.

By early or immediate demoulding of the remaining mold 24 while the Mold wall parts 26 on the threshold can, so to speak, take advantage of an early or immediate demold system and the advantages of one Late shuttering system can be combined. Regarding the Mold wall parts 26 can namely the formwork removal at a time take place in which the threshold 10 is sufficiently hardened so that when Removing the mold wall parts 26 on the seals 62 on the Bracket elements 8 applied forces no longer cause damage can no longer loosen the anchoring of the mounting elements and can no longer modify their relative positioning. As long as the mold wall parts 26 remain on the threshold, these also ensure maintaining the relative target positioning of a rail associated bracket elements.

The residual shape 23 removed from the not yet hardened threshold can remain with the threshold while it is curing Mold wall parts 26 using at least one, preferably several further sets of mold wall parts 26 already for the production of further Thresholds are used, as shown in Fig. 9 in pictograms is illustrated. The pictogram 80 corresponds to that shown in FIG. 6a Filling the concrete. The bracket elements and the creation of the Positioning and / or holding force according to the above Proposed invention is illustrated in pictogram 80 Simplification omitted, with respect to the bracket elements this applies to all pictograms of FIG. 9. The pictogram 82 represents covering the filled threshold shape and turning the Sleeper mold. The pictogram 84 represents the inclusion of the Rest form 23 from the not yet fully cured threshold accordingly 8 while the mold wall parts 26 remain on the threshold. The removed residual form 23 can then be indicated by an arrow symbolized return path 86 to a filling station accordingly pictogram 80 to be able to pick up concrete again and then again according to pictograms 82 and 84 Mold covering station, a molding and turning station and a first To go through the formwork removal station for the remaining mold 23.

The part removed from the mold in the first demoulding station (pictogram 84) A threshold then passes through three pictograms 88, 90 and 92 symbolized curing section. When we talk about distance here this does not necessarily mean that the threshold is actually, for example, by means of a Conveyor or the like a path associated with curing travels. It may also be that the thresholds for curing are simple for a curing period in a curing chamber or the like be stored. Since the hardening compared to the concrete filling in the Filling station 80, covering and turning as well as partial demoulding usually requires a significantly longer period of time, however Hardening in Fig. 9 by a plurality of pictograms (pictograms 88, 90 and 92).

After curing, the sleepers become one by the pictogram 94 symbolized the second demoulding station completely detached by Removal of the mold wall parts 26 from the threshold. The mold wall parts 26 are then via a return path 96 to the filling station 80 returned to along with one via return path 86 returned residual shape 23 again for the production of a threshold 10 to be used. The thresholds 10 leave the second Demoulding station 94 completely demolded and are ready for further Use stored and / or further processed.

With the dimension a determining the track width of a track according to FIG. 10 with The relative can maintain high accuracy and reliability Layers of the support elements after demolding or partial demolding of the not yet fully cured threshold can be corrected. This Correction can take place, for example, in a position correction station between the first symbolized by the pictogram 84 Formwork removal station and that by pictograms 88, 90 and 92 represented curing section could be arranged. The Position correction can be done in such a way that only the relative positioning the support elements assigned to a first rail of the track on the one hand and that assigned to a second rail of the track Bracket elements on the other hand is corrected, but none Position correction of the relative position of the one of the two together Support elements associated with rails are carried out. This is it expedient, the position correction through the mediation of the not yet completely hardened threshold 10 remaining mold wall parts 26 to carry out, which may have positioning pins 100 for this purpose which the mold wall parts 26 engage with a position correction gauge 102 can be brought. Since the mold wall parts 26 that of the left and the right rail each associated bracket elements in a predetermined relative position to each other and in the current position the threshold holds, can be assigned to a rail jointly Bracket elements through the mediation of the respective molded wall part together in their relative position with respect to that of the other rail assigned bracket elements corrected and in one set relative position.

The position correction gauge 102 includes tube sleeves 104 that pass through Lowering the position correction gauge 102 from above to the threshold the pins 100 are inserted. The pin 100 or / and the tube sleeves 104 can counter the approach direction of the position correction gauge 102 to the threshold 10 inclined engagement surfaces, so that in the course of Gradually lowering the position correction gauge to the threshold Correction of the position of the mold wall parts 26 and thus the position of the left Rail-associated mounting elements on the one hand and that of the right Rail associated bracket elements on the other hand is effected. Around due to the position correction columns or Cavities in the concrete, especially between the concrete and the Counteracting anchoring feet, i.e. an origin from the outset to prevent such gaps or cavities or resulting gaps or to close cavities again, it is advisable during the Correction of the support elements and / or the concrete at least in the area the bracket elements to vibrate slightly. This can can be achieved particularly expediently in that Position correction gauge a vibrator assembly 106 is integrated, the Position correction gauge 102 including the tube sleeves 104 in vibrations offset, which on the pin 100 on the mold wall parts 26 and thus on the mounting elements 8 and the concrete 16 embedding their feet transfers.

By means of the position correction gauge 102, the important dimension a can be made high Reliability and accuracy set and as long as the Position correction gauge 102 is in engagement with the mold wall parts 26, being held. In addition to a correction of dimension a, others can also be corrected Degrees of freedom of the mounting elements are set or held, for example a height of the mounting elements and / or a Alignment of the bracket elements in the direction of the rail orthogonal transverse direction and / or an alignment of the support elements in this transverse direction. For this purpose, in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 10 and 11 on each mold wall part 26 two in the transverse direction at a distance Pins 100 arranged from each other are provided. Through the Position correction gauge 102, these pins 100 in the transverse direction aligned so that with the intermediary of the mold wall parts 26 a corresponding alignment of the mounting elements 8 and accordingly Alignment of the support elements set in the transverse direction and is held.

Is a according to the described embodiments early or even immediately after filling and possibly shaking the Threshold form the threshold at least partially removed, so it is very expedient, very water-poor concrete without great flexibility use, which may be a comparatively strong shaking of the Threshold shape required when pouring concrete. Such concrete is very high quality and. suffers only a little as it cures Shrinkage, what with regard to compliance with the target dimensions a, b and c is advantageous.

• jeweils mindestens ein Halterungselement (8) in jeweils mindestens eine Aufnahmeöffnung (30) mindestens eines Formwandteils (26) eingesetzt wird, welches von der Restform (23) trennbar ist, daß die Restform (23) vor vollständigem Erhärten der Schwelle (10) von dieser abgenommen wird unter Zurücklassung des wenigstens einen Wandteils (26) und des mindestens einen Halterungselements (8) an der entformten Schwelle (10) und daß dieses Wandteil nach weitergehendem Erhärten der Schwelle entfernt wird unter Zurücklassung des Halterungsteils (8) an der Schwelle;
• die Restform (23) nach dem Einfüllen in die Schwellenform (22) und ggf. einem Verdichten der Betonmasse in der Schwellenform (22) von der im wesentlichen noch unausgehärteten Schwelle (10) abgenommen wird;
• zum Abnehmen der Restform (23) eine nach oben offene Einfüllöffnung der Schwellenform mit einer Deckel (72) geschlossen wird, daß die Schwellenform (22) anschließend derart gedreht wird, daß die Betonmasse in der Schwellenform auf dem Deckel (72) zu liegen kommt, und daß dann die Restform (23) von der Betonmasse und dem Deckel abgehoben wird;
• das jeweilige, wenigstens eine Aufnahmeöffnung (30) aufweisende Formwandteil (26) ein Schwellenform-Bodenteil ist, das vorzugsweise nach dem Drehen der Schwellenform (22) auf der Oberseite der Schwelle (10) zurückgelassen wird;
• das wenigstens eine Formwandteil (26) erst nach Erreichen eines Aushärtezustands der Schwelle von dieser entfernt wird, in dem durch das Entfernen keine Beschädigung der Schwelle (10) mehr eintreten kann und durch beim Entfernen des Formwandteils (26) etwa in das Halterungselement (8) eingeleitete Kräfte keine Lageänderung oder Lockerung bewirken können;
• das Formwandteil (26) während des Aushärtens der Schwelle (10) bis zu seiner Entfernung von dieser wenigstens zwei Halterungselemente (8) in einer vorgegebenen relativen Lage fixiert;
• das Formwandteil (26) wenigstens zwei Halterungselemente (8), die einer gemeinsamen Eisenbahnschiene (12 bzw. 14) eines Gleises zugeordnet sind und die Eisenbahnschiene ggf. zwischen sich aufnehmen, in einer vorgegebenen relativen, ggf. die Spurhaltung (a) des Gleises beeinflussenden Lage fixiert;
• wenigstens zwei gesonderte Formwandteile (26) vorgesehen sind, von denen ein erstes einer ersten Schiene (12) eines Gleises zugeordnete Halterungselemente (8) in einer vorgegebenen relativen Lage fixiert und ein zweites einer zweiten Schiene (14) eines Gleises zugeordnete Halterungselemente (8) in einer vorgegebenen relativen Lage fixiert;
• das erste und das zweite Formwandteil (26) durch eine Spurweite-Einstelloder/und Haltelehre (102) verbunden sind oder - zumindest für ein Einstelloder/und Halte-Zeitintervall - verbunden werden, um ein für die Spurweite eines Gleises wesentliches relatives Spurmaß (a) der der ersten Schiene (12) zugeordneten Halterungselemente (8) einerseits und der der zweiten Schiene (14) zugeordneten Halterungselemente (8) andererseits einzustellen oder/und zu halten;
• einer Restform (23) mehrere Formwandteile (26) oder mehrere Sätze von Formwandteilen (26) zugeordnet sind;
• nach Abnehmen der Restform (23) von einer Schwelle (10) unter Zurücklassen des wenigstens einen Wandteils (26) an der Schwelle diese Restform zusammen mit einem anderen Formwandteil (26) bzw. einem anderen Satz von Formwandteilen (26) für die Betonschwellenherstellung weiterverwendet wird;
• die Schwelle (10) wenigstens teilweise vor vollständiger Erhärtung entformt wird und hierauf mindestens zwei Schienenhalterungselemente (8) vor vollständiger Erhärtung des Betons auf eine relative Soll-Lage korrigiert werden, vorzugsweise in einem Zustand des Betons, in dem dieser etwaige, als Folge des Korrigierens entstehende Kavitäten wieder auffüllen kann;
• die Halterungselemente (8) und der diese umgebende Beton im Zuge des Korrigierens in Vibration versetzt werden;
• die Halterungselemente (8) hinsichtlich eines für die Spurweite eines Gleises wesentlichen relativen Spurmaßes (a) in ihren relativen Lagen korrigiert werden;
• wenigstens ein einer ersten Schiene (12) eines Gleises zugeordnetes erstes Halterungselement (8) und wenigstens ein einer zweiten Schiene (14) des Gleises zugeordnetes zweites Halterungselement (8) auf einen Soll-Abstand (a) in Querrichtung zu einer Schienenlängsrichtung korrigiert werden;
• eine vorzugsweise eine Rüttelanordnung (106) aufweisende Spurweite-Einstell- oder/und Haltelehre (102) zum ein Einstellen oder/und Halten des Soll-Abstands umfassenden Korrigieren mit den Halterungselementen (8) in Wirkverbindung gebracht wird;
• gleichzeitig mit dem Einstellen oder/und Halten des Soll-Abstands (a) wenigstens ein weiterer Positionierungsfreiheitsgrad der Halterungselemente (8) eingestellt oder/und gehalten wird, wie etwa eine Winkelstellung um eine Hochachse oder/und - im Falle mehrerer erster und mehrerer zweiter Halterungselemente - Fluchtung der Halterungselemente (8) in Querrichtung oder/und eine relative Höhenlage der Halterungselemente (8);
• die Spurweite-Einstell- oder/und Haltelehre (102) mit den Halterungselementen (8) unter Vermittlung eines mit dem wenigstens einen ersten Halterungselement (8) in Positionierungseingriff stehenden ersten Formwandteils (26) und unter Vermittlung eines mit dem wenigstens einen zweiten Halterungselement (8) in Positionierungseingriff stehenden zweiten Formwandteils (26) in Wirkverbindung gebracht wird, indem die Spurweite-Einstell- oder/und Haltelehre (102) jeweils am wenigstens einem Positionierungselement (100), vorzugsweise jeweils an wenigstens zwei gegeneinander versetzten Positionierungselementen (100) des ersten bzw. zweiten Formwandteils (26) mit diesem gekoppelt wird;
• die Spurweite-Einstell- oder/und Haltelehre (102) auf die auf einer Oberseite der teilentformten Schwelle (10) aufliegenden Formwandteile (26) abgesenkt wird, wobei an den Positionierungselementen ein formschlüssiger, eine Übertragung von Positionierungskräften ermöglichender Eingriff zwischen der Spurweite-Einstell- oder/und Haltelehre (102) und dem jeweiligen Formwandteil (26) hergestellt wird, gegebenenfalls indem jeweils eine vorzugsweise konische Hülse (104) an einem und ein vorzugsweise konischer Bolzen (100) am anderen von Spurweite-Einstell- oder/und Haltelehre (102) und Formwandteil (26) ineinandergesteckt werden;
• eine wasserarme Betonmischung verwendet wird, welche sofort oder kurz nach dem Einfüllen in die Schwellenform (22), ggf. nach Rütteln oder/und glattstreichen, ganz oder teilweise entformbar ist und im entformten Zustand einerseits nicht einem wesentlichen schwerkraftbedingten auseinanderfließen unterliegt, andererseits aber noch plastisch genug ist, um eine Positionskorrektur von eingebetteten Halterungselementen (8) und ggf. diesen zugeordneten Formwandteilen (26) zuzulassen, vorzugsweise ohne dauernden Verbleib von korrekturbedingten Kavitäten;
• als Halterungselemente herkömmliche Schienen-Halterungselemente, ggf. sogenannte Pandrol-Fastclips (8), verwendet werden;
• ein Spannen der Schwelle (10) nach einem hinreichenden Aushärten des Betons vorgesehen ist. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass:

• eine Abdeckvorrichtung (72) für die Einfüllöffnung und eine Wendevorrichtung zum Wenden der mit der Abdeckvorrichtung (72) verbundenen Schwellenform (22) vorgesehen ist;
• eine Entschalungsvorrichtung (84, 94) zum Abheben der Schwellenform (22) von der entstandenen Schwelle vorgesehen ist;
• im Falle der Ausbildung des Formbodens (24) mit mindestens einem entfernbaren Formwandteil (26), welcher die wenigstens eine Aufnahmeöffnung (30) aufweist, die Entschalungsvorrichtung auf zwei Stationen verteilt ist, eine erste Entschalungsstation (84) zum Abheben der Schwellenform (23) unter Zurücklassung des mindestens einen Formwandteils (26) an der Schwelle (10) und eine zweite Entschalungsstation (94) zum Abnehmen des zunächst an der Schwelle verbliebenen Formwandteils (26) von der Schwelle (10);
• eine Positionskorrigiervorrichtung (102) zur Korrektur der Relativlage mindestens zweier Halterungselemente (8) in dem noch plastisch deformierbaren Beton der Schwelle (10) vorgesehen ist;
• die Positionskorrigiervorrichtung (102) zum Eingriff mit Positionierungselementen (100) an den Halterungselementen oder/und an die Halterungselemente (8) aufnehmenden Formwandteilen (26) ausgebildet ist;
• die Positionskorrigiervorrichtung (102) zum Zusammenwirken mit den Halterungselementen oder/und Formwandteilen (26) an der in Gebrauchslage gewendeten Schwelle nach erfolgter Entschaltung oder Teilentschalung ausgebildet ist;
• eine von der Schwellenform (22) gesonderte, zum Eingriff mit Positionierungselementen (100) von mindestens zwei Halterungselementen oder/und von mindestens zwei Formwandteilen (26) bestimmte Positionskorrekturlehre (102) in einer Positionskorrekturstation eines Schwellenfertigungswegs vorgesehen ist, in welcher die Betonkonsistenz eine Positionskorrektur zuläßt;
• der Positionskorrekturlehre (102) zumindest in der Positionskorrekturstation eine Vibrationseinrichtung (106) zugeordnet ist;
• die Positionskorrekturlehre (102) zur Annäherung in einer zur Schwellenoberseite (18) im wesentlichen orthogonalen Annäherungsrichtung gegen die Schwelle (10) ausgebildet ist und relativ zu einander im wesentlichen starr angeordnete Angriffselemente (104) zum Zusammenwirken mit den Positionierungselementen (100) aufweist;
• die Positionierungselemente (100) oder/und die mit ihnen zusammenwirkenden Angriffselemente (104) gegen die Annäherungsrichtung geneigte Eingriffsflächen aufweisen, welche im Zuge der Annäherung der Positionskorrekturlehre (102) an der jeweiligen Schwelle (10) eine allmähliche Korrektur der Halterungselemente (8) oder/und Formwandteile (26) relativ zueinander bewirken;
• der Formboden (24) mindestens einen lösbaren Wandteil (26) aufweist, welcher mindestens eine Aufnahmeöffnung (30) für ein Halterungselement (8) aufweist und von der Formhohlraumseite her in ein entsprechendes Fenster (29) des Formbodens (24) einsetzbar ist;
• die Traganordnung (56) in einem Formenumlaufweg (86) angeordnet ist, der von einer mit der Traganordnung ausgerüsteten Füllstation (80) über eine Formabdeckstation (82), eine Formenwendestation (82) und eine erste Entschalungsstation (84) zurück zur Formfüllstation (80) führt,
     wobei in der Formenabdeckstation (82) die Füllöffnung der Form mit einem Deckel (72) verschließbar ist, in der Formenwendestation (82) die Schwellenform samt Deckel wendbar ist und in der ersten Entschalungsstation (84) die Restform (23) von der Schwelle (10) abhebbar ist unter Zurücklassung des mindestens einen Formwandteils (26) an der Schwelle;
• von dem Formenumlauf an oder nach der ersten Entschalungsstation (84) ein Schwellenweg abzweigt, welcher eine Aushärtungsstrecke (88, 90, 92) und dieser nachgeschaltet eine zweite Entschalungsstation (94) aufweist, in welcher der mindestens eine Formwandteil von der jeweiligen Schwelle (10) abnehmbar ist, und daß von dieser zweiten Entschalungsstation (94) ein Rückleitungsweg (96) für die Formwandteile (26) zur Befüllstation (80) verläuft, wobei die Zahl der umlaufenden Formwandteile (26) größer ist als die Zahl der Formwandteile, die der Zahl der in Umlauf befindlichen Restformen (23) entspricht.

In summary, the invention relates to a method and a device for producing concrete sleepers. According to a first aspect of the invention, a positioning or / and holding force is to be applied to a part of at least one holding element to be embedded in the concrete sleeper through a respective opening of a mold wall of a sleeper mold. According to a second aspect, provision is made to partially demold the threshold before the threshold has completely hardened, in such a way that at least one shaped wall part having at least one receiving opening for a respective holding element remains on the threshold together with the holding element, while a residual shape is removed from the threshold , in which case the at least one mold wall part is removed from the threshold at a later point in time after the threshold has hardened further, leaving the at least one holding part on the threshold. According to a third aspect, it is provided that the threshold is at least partially removed from the mold before it has fully hardened. and that at least two rail mounting elements are then corrected to a relative target position before the concrete has completely hardened. Advantageous further developments of the method according to the invention are characterized in that:

• in each case at least one mounting element (8) is inserted into at least one receiving opening (30) of at least one mold wall part (26), which can be separated from the residual mold (23), so that the residual mold (23) before the threshold (10) has completely hardened is removed leaving the at least one wall part (26) and the at least one holding element (8) on the unmolded threshold (10) and that this wall part is removed after the threshold has hardened further, leaving the holding part (8) on the threshold;
• the remaining mold (23) is removed from the essentially still uncured sleeper (10) after it has been poured into the sleeper mold (22) and possibly compacted in the concrete mass in the sleeper mold (22);
• to remove the remaining mold (23), an upwardly open filling opening of the sleeper mold is closed with a lid (72), so that the sleeper mold (22) is then rotated such that the concrete mass comes to rest on the lid (72) in the sleeper mold, and that the residual form (23) is then lifted off the concrete mass and the lid;
• the respective mold wall part (26) having at least one receiving opening (30) is a sleeper mold bottom part, which is preferably left on the top of the sleeper (10) after the sleeper mold (22) has been rotated;
• the at least one mold wall part (26) is only removed from the threshold after the threshold has cured, in which no further damage to the threshold (10) can occur due to the removal and when the mold wall part (26) is removed, for example into the holding element (8) induced forces cannot change position or loosen;
• the mold wall part (26) fixes at least two holding elements (8) in a predetermined relative position during the hardening of the sleeper (10) until it is removed therefrom;
• the molded wall part (26) has at least two mounting elements (8), which are assigned to a common rail track (12 or 14) of a track and which possibly hold the rail track between them, in a predetermined relative, possibly influencing the tracking (a) of the track Fixed position;
• At least two separate mold wall parts (26) are provided, of which a first mounting element (8) assigned to a first rail (12) of a track fixes in a predetermined relative position and a second mounting element (8) assigned to a second rail (14) of a track fixed a predetermined relative position;
• the first and the second mold wall part (26) are connected by a track gauge setting or / and stop gauge (102) or - at least for a setting or / and stop time interval - are connected in order to obtain a relative track dimension (a) that is essential for the track gauge of a track to set and / or to hold the holding elements (8) assigned to the first rail (12) on the one hand and the holding elements (8) assigned to the second rail (14) on the other hand;
• a remaining mold (23) is assigned a plurality of mold wall parts (26) or a plurality of sets of mold wall parts (26);
• after removal of the residual shape (23) from a threshold (10), leaving at least one wall part (26) on the threshold, this residual shape is used together with another shaped wall part (26) or another set of shaped wall parts (26) for the production of concrete sleepers ;
• the threshold (10) is removed from the mold at least partially before it has completely hardened and then at least two rail mounting elements (8) are corrected to a relative desired position before the concrete has completely hardened, preferably in a state of the concrete in which it is in a possible state as a result of the correction can replenish emerging cavities;
• the mounting elements (8) and the concrete surrounding them are vibrated in the course of the correction;
• the mounting elements (8) are corrected with respect to a relative track dimension (a) which is essential for the track width of a track;
• at least one first mounting element (8) assigned to a first rail (12) of a track and at least one second mounting element (8) assigned to a second rail (14) of the track are corrected to a desired distance (a) in the transverse direction to a longitudinal direction of the rail;
• a track gauge setting and / or holding gauge (102), preferably having a vibrating arrangement (106), for making a correction comprising adjusting or / and maintaining the desired distance is brought into operative connection with the mounting elements (8);
• Simultaneously with the setting or / and holding of the desired distance (a), at least one further degree of positioning freedom of the holding elements (8) is set and / or held, such as an angular position about a vertical axis or / and - in the case of several first and several second holding elements - Alignment of the mounting elements (8) in the transverse direction and / or a relative height of the mounting elements (8);
• the track gauge setting and / or holding gauge (102) with the mounting elements (8) by means of a first molded wall part (26) in positioning engagement with the at least one first mounting element (8) and by means of one with the at least one second mounting element (8 ) is brought into operative engagement with the second mold wall part (26) by positioning the track gauge setting and / or holding gauge (102) on at least one positioning element (100), preferably on at least two mutually offset positioning elements (100) of the first or second mold wall part (26) is coupled thereto;
• the track gauge setting and / or holding gauge (102) is lowered onto the mold wall parts (26) resting on an upper side of the partially demolded sill (10), with a positive engagement between the track gauge setting mechanism on the positioning elements, which enables transfer of positioning forces. or / and holding gauge (102) and the respective mold wall part (26) is produced, optionally by in each case a preferably conical sleeve (104) on one and a preferably conical bolt (100) on the other of the gauge setting and / or holding gauge (102 ) and molded wall part (26) are inserted into one another;
• a low-water concrete mixture is used, which can be completely or partially removed from the mold immediately or shortly after it is poured into the sleeper mold (22), if necessary after shaking or / and smoothing it out and, on the one hand, is not subject to a significant gravitational flow apart, but on the other hand is still plastic is enough to allow a position correction of embedded mounting elements (8) and, if applicable, mold wall parts (26) assigned to them, preferably without permanent correction-related cavities;
• conventional rail mounting elements, possibly so-called Pandrol fast clips (8), are used as mounting elements;
• the threshold (10) is tensioned after the concrete has hardened sufficiently. Advantageous further developments of the device according to the invention are characterized in that:

• a covering device (72) for the filling opening and a turning device for turning the threshold mold (22) connected to the covering device (72) are provided;
• a shuttering device (84, 94) is provided for lifting the sleeper shape (22) from the resulting sleeper;
• in the case of forming the mold base (24) with at least one removable mold wall part (26), which has the at least one receiving opening (30), the formwork removal device is distributed over two stations, a first formwork removal station (84) for lifting the sleeper mold (23) underneath Leaving the at least one molded wall part (26) on the threshold (10) and a second demolding station (94) for removing the molded wall part (26) initially remaining on the threshold from the threshold (10);
• a position correction device (102) for correcting the relative position of at least two mounting elements (8) is provided in the still plastically deformable concrete of the threshold (10);
• the position correction device (102) is designed to engage with positioning elements (100) on the mounting elements and / or on the molded wall parts (26) receiving the mounting elements (8);
• the position correcting device (102) is designed to cooperate with the mounting elements and / or mold wall parts (26) on the threshold turned in the position of use after decoupling or partial demolding;
• A position correction gauge (102), which is separate from the sleeper shape (22) and is intended for engagement with positioning elements (100) of at least two mounting elements or / and of at least two mold wall parts (26), is provided in a position correction station of a sleeper production path, in which the concrete consistency permits a position correction ;
• a vibration device (106) is assigned to the position correction gauge (102) at least in the position correction station;
• the position correction gauge (102) is designed for approximation in a direction of approach towards the threshold (10) which is substantially orthogonal to the threshold top side (18) and has, in relation to one another, substantially rigidly arranged engagement elements (104) for interacting with the positioning elements (100);
• the positioning elements (100) and / or the engagement elements (104) interacting with them have engagement surfaces which are inclined towards the direction of approach and which in the course of the approach of the position correction gauge (102) to the respective threshold (10) a gradual correction of the mounting elements (8) or / and effect mold wall parts (26) relative to each other;
• the mold base (24) has at least one detachable wall part (26) which has at least one receiving opening (30) for a holding element (8) and can be inserted from the mold cavity side into a corresponding window (29) in the mold base (24);
• the support arrangement (56) is arranged in a mold circulation path (86) which returns from a filling station (80) equipped with the support arrangement to a mold cover station (82), a mold turning station (82) and a first demoulding station (84) to the mold filling station (80) leads,
  wherein in the mold covering station (82) the filling opening of the mold can be closed with a lid (72), in the mold turning station (82) the sleeper mold including the lid is reversible and in the first demolding station (84) the remaining mold (23) from the sleeper (10 ) can be lifted off leaving the at least one molded wall part (26) on the threshold;
• a threshold path branches off from the mold circulation at or after the first demoulding station (84), which has a curing section (88, 90, 92) and this is followed by a second demoulding station (94) in which the at least one mold wall part from the respective threshold (10) is removable, and that a return path (96) for the mold wall parts (26) to the filling station (80) runs from this second demoulding station (94), the number of circumferential mold wall parts (26) being greater than the number of mold wall parts, the number corresponds to the remaining molds (23) in circulation.

Claims (22)

Method for producing a concrete sleeper (10), which is equipped with partially embedded mounting elements (8) for railroad tracks (12, 14), by inserting the mounting elements (8) into receiving openings (30) in the mold wall (24) of a sleeper mold (22), Pouring liquid or plastic concrete mass (B) into a mold cavity of the sleeper mold and then demolding the sleeper (10),
characterized in that after the at least one holding element (8) has been inserted into the respective opening (30) of the mold wall (24), a positioning or / and holding force is applied to a part (20) of the holding element which projects outwardly beyond the mold wall (24) becomes. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the positioning or / and holding force is applied to the outwardly projecting part of the holding element by means of an application device (36) which has at least one engagement element (50) which acts on the outwardly projecting part (20), which is moved to apply the positioning and / or holding force from a position without substantial force engagement with the outwardly projecting part (20) to a position with force engagement with the outwardly projecting part. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the engaging element (50) engages in a recess in the holding element (8) in order to apply the positioning and / or holding force. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the positioning or / and holding force is applied by converting a gravitational force. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the positioning or / and holding force in the course, preferably as a result of assigning the sleeper shape (22) to a production vibrator (56), if appropriate setting the threshold shape down on the production vibrator ( 56), on the outwardly projecting part (20) of the mounting element (8). Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the holding elements (8) are inserted mechanically or manually from the mold cavity into the receiving openings (30). Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the positioning or / and holding force pulls the holding element against a bottom (24) of the threshold form (22) corresponding to the upper side of the sleeper or / and that the positioning or / and holding force pushes a stop section (32, 34) of the holding element (8) pulls against and / or into a seal (62) of the receiving opening (30). Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the concrete mass is filled into the mold cavity only after the positioning or / and holding force has been applied, while maintaining the holding force acting on the holding element (8). Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that during or / and after the concrete mass has been poured in, the threshold mold (22) is shaken to compact the concrete mass while maintaining the holding force acting on the holding element (8). Method according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that after the concrete mass has been poured in or after shaking, the action of the holding force on the holding element (8) is canceled, if necessary in the course of, preferably as a result of the assignment of the threshold shape (22 ) to the production vibrator (56), possibly lifting the sleeper shape (22) from the production vibrator (56). Method according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the engaging element (50) is moved against an elastic restoring force into the position with force engagement with the outwardly projecting part (20), which restoring force for restoring the engaging element into the position without substantial Power engagement is used. Device for the production of concrete sleepers, in particular using the method according to one of claims 1-11, comprising a trough-like sleeper mold (22) with a mold cavity, which is delimited by a mold base (24) and side walls and is designed with a filling opening at the top when filled,
wherein at least one receiving opening (30) is provided in the mold base for the insertion of a rail mounting element (8), which is supported in the inserted state on the mold base (24) in a predetermined position, above the mold base an anchoring part (16) located within the mold cavity and one below the mold base (24) outside the mold cavity rail holding part (20), and
further comprising a support arrangement (56) for supporting the sleeper shape (22) with the filling opening located above during the filling process,
marked by
a force application device (36), which is arranged on the underside of the mold base (24) at least during the filling process, for applying a substantially downward positioning and / or holding force to the rail holding part (20) of the at least one rail holding element. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the force application device (36) comprises at least one engagement element (50) which is movable for producing the force engagement and for exerting the application force. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the engaging element (50) is designed to engage in a recess in the rail holding part (20). Device according to claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the at least one engagement element is guided by a guide (52, 54) which, when filled, assumes a predetermined position with respect to the mold base (24) and by a power device (40) in this guide is adjustable. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the force device (40) is a mechanical or hydraulic force device. Device according to one of claims 15 and 16, characterized in that the force device (40) can be activated in or when the threshold shape is positioned in a filling position. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the power device comprises an actuator (40) which hits the stop (58) when the sleeper shape is positioned in the filling position. Device according to one of claims 12-18, characterized in that the force application device (36) is attached at least in part (58) in permanent association with the support arrangement (56). Device according to one of claims 12-19, characterized in that the force application device (36) is attached at least in part (40, 56) in permanent association with the threshold form (22). Device according to one of claims 12 - 20, characterized in that in the case of forming the mold base (24) with at least one removable mold wall part (26) which has the at least one receiving opening (30), the force application device at least in part (40, 56 ) is attached to the restorm (23) in permanent assignment. Device according to one of claims 13-21, characterized in that the force application device (36) has a plurality of jointly moved engagement elements (50) for engagement in one or more rail mounting elements (8).

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