EP1306177B1 - Pressing arrangement, in particular for pressing compacted bodies of ceramic material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a press tool position adjustment device for pressing in particular ceramic or metallurgical compacts.

For the production of non-circular, oval and angular ceramic articles, for example, deep salad bowls, various press arrangements are currently used. In vertical presses, a tool is clamped between two press dies which can be moved vertically relative to one another or away from one another. The tool has at least two mold parts, between which there is a mold part gap, which is filled before the pressing process with a ceramic powder or granules. The filling takes place either by at least one filling channel from the outside in composite moldings or before placing an upper mold part on a lower mold part by filling the lower mold part. After clamping and pressing of the molded parts in the press, the powder or granules is compacted to form a ceramic compact or ceramic article. This is removed after lifting the upper molding from the lower mold part of the molding space and fed to a post. The post-processing consists in particular of a deburring, a grinding and a Verschwammen, before the compact is fired in an oven.

The moldings can be fastened in the simplest embodiment directly to the press dies, but this disadvantageously long downtime when replacing molded parts result. Therefore, the moldings are usually provided as part of a tool, so that parts of the assembly work outside the actual Press can be done and only a limited number of tool parts with attached moldings in the press must be permanently installed.

In so-called horizontal presses with horizontally to each other or away from each other movable press dies and moldings, the compact is after the pressing process in a vertical orientation. The demolding of the compact or article is carried out by separating the two mold parts in the horizontal direction of movement, whereupon the compact falls out of the mold part space or out of the tool on a conveyor belt. Via this conveyor belt, it then slides over an arcuate path on a horizontal surface, from which it can then be lifted and transported away for post-processing. The disadvantage here is that in each case deformations of the compact can be caused by the falling out of the compact from the tool on the conveyor belt, the sliding down on the conveyor belt and the sliding down of the conveyor belt on the base. Non-circular compacts are not as stable as compacts having a circular geometry, as in conventional plates, for example. Especially with multi-dimensional differently shaped compacts with different high top edges and different radii of curvature along the circumference there is a risk of greater deformation.

For such non-circular compacts, another problem arises in the post-processing, since the compacts must then be performed with a very specific orientation to the finishing station. This requires a so-called vision system, which detects the orientation of the compact on the substrate and this engages so that it is guided with the predetermined orientation to the post-processing. Thus, a complex technique is required. For Visionalisierungssysteme is especially at Compresses usually existing after the pressing process a recognition obstacle, since the pressing degree is not uniform and predetermined. Particularly in the case of horizontal presses, there is the problem that parts of the pressing degree break off on falling out of the compact from the tool and when sliding on the ground, while other parts of the compacting remain and thereby create indefinable outer contours.

Thus, although the use of horizontal presses is a process that allows high press cycles on the one hand, on the other hand, a large number of problems arise in the production of non-circular pressings.

Also known are vertical presses with a fixed mounted upper tool, wherein the filling of the vertical presses is carried out after placing the upper mold part on the lower mold part. It is disadvantageous in the case of molded part interspaces with a large radius or an upwardly curved bottom of a plate to be pressed that the filling times of the molded part interspace are very high in comparison to horizontal presses. Furthermore, there is the problem that the filling can be carried out to the center of the molding space gap when using coarse powders or granules only with a limited material density, so that is to be expected with a correspondingly large number of rejects. The long filling times are disadvantageous in comparison to the filling times with a vertical filling of the molding space in a horizontal press, so that only a small power or a lower pressing cycle can be achieved compared to horizontal presses. In the case of compacts with an edge running upwards, there is also the problem that, although a sufficient density of pressed material can be achieved in the lower region, filling defects such as denaturation can be expected at the upper edge, just as with very large compacts in their middle region is. This leads to shadows and streaks and a correspondingly high reject rate.

To increase the number of cycles vertical presses are also known with a sliding table, wherein a tool part is attached to the upper punch of the press with an upper mold part. On the sliding table, two lower tool parts are attached to a lower mold part, wherein the sliding table is arranged in each case with a tool lower part in the pressing position within the press, while the other tool part with the second lower part is located outside of the press in a Werkzeugbearbeitungs- or tool-providing device , In an advantageous manner, during the pressing process, the second tool lower part, which has previously been guided out of the press, can be emptied of the compact contained therein, cleaned and filled with new compact material. After the pressing process, the sliding table is then displaced laterally, so that the second tool part, which was filled with the pressed material, is pushed into the press and clamped there. During pressing with this second tool lower part, in turn, the other lower tool part can be emptied, cleaned and filled with new pressed material. Although with such a press arrangement the pressing cycle is increased compared to simple vertical presses with a single tool, the other disadvantages of vertical press systems mentioned remain. In particular, in these vertical presses with a sliding table is disadvantageous that a use of forms for example deep bowls or deep plates is hardly possible without an uneven distribution of pressed material to achieve during the pressing operation, since the upper punch with the upper mold part on the lower molding with the pressed material contained therein is placed and must be made by placing a distribution of the pressed material in the upper edge regions.

Furthermore, for the manufacture of ceramic articles, pressure casting plants are known in the casting process with porous plastic molds. Here, moldings are assembled with a molding space, whereupon Schlicker, so a ceramic suspension, is introduced into the mold part space under pressure. Due to the porous plastic molds, the liquid can escape from the mold part interspace through the mold parts, so that a solid body or compact or ceramic article remains. This is then removed after a correspondingly long waiting time from the molded part and fed to the post-processing. Die casting machines have a significantly lower unit performance per unit time compared to the presses described above and also restrictions on the article design. In particular, the shards thickness and the dimension of the article are only limited freely selectable. In addition, there is also the risk of deformation in the die casting of the demolding of the ceramic article from the moldings, as this has only a lower strength due to a residual liquid content compared to pressed ceramic articles.

For the production of, for example, deep cans or vases and conventional casting or roller systems are known, however, also allow only a small unit performance and also are not fully automated. In the roller systems, a ceramic raw material is applied to a rotating disk and shaped from the basic principle similar to the pottery with a potter's wheel to a ceramic article.

From the DE 198 55 753 A1 For example, a method and apparatus for hydraulically forming workpieces are known. This document discloses the use of spacers in the form of flat metal cubes between a tool part and an inner wall of an upper housing part of the press. An example for Such presses is the EP 0 388 721 A2 removable. This press has a die with a punch carrier for carrying and adjusting dies within the die. In completely or partially lowered stamp carriers of the resulting space with a powdered pressed material can be filled to then press a compact. For filling such a cavity in the die with powder, for example, a filling shoe according to DE 198 51 527 A1 be used. Such presses often have an interchangeable tool frame or molding, as for example DE 196 24 298 A1 is known. Out JP 09038796 A there is known an exchange device for various such tools or molds, wherein a plurality of tools in a rotating about an axis arrangement relative to a press device located outside this arrangement is pivotable. With a hydraulic thrust system can be pushed in each case a form in the press or withdrawn from this. This allows a quick mold change for the production of various compacts. In all these arrangements, the filling of the molds with a powder to be compacted takes place in the press. In this case, the mold is during filling in each case in the subsequent pressing position, ie with their usually horizontal upper edge in a plane perpendicular to the pressing direction.

US 1,639,081 A discloses a press tool position adjustment device, according to the preamble of claim 1.

US 2,095,299 A describes an injection molding plant for producing plastic compacts. Described are two molded parts, which can be moved out laterally from a press axis and opened in a scissor-like manner in order to fill them or remove shaped compacts. However, it is a structure that lets the plastic compacts fall out of the mold parts only uncontrolled, so that use in conjunction with still to be sintered compacts is excluded.

Out EP 0 893 218 A is generally a press assembly for pressing clay blanks to compacts known, but not for pressing ceramic or metallurgical compacts of a powdered or granular material. In this case, one of two mold parts is pivotally mounted in order to be able to pivot this molded part in the separate state from the other mold part for placing a blank or for removing a molded press part from a press axis. The two mold parts always remain firmly connected to the actual press arrangement.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved press tool position adjustment device for a press arrangement, which on the one hand enables a short cycle time on the other hand free design possibilities of the compacts or ceramic articles.

This object is achieved by a press tool position adjustment device for pressing ceramic compacts having the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of dependent claims.

In an advantageous manner, a press arrangement for pressing ceramic compacts has an actual press and one or more tool-providing or tool-processing devices outside the actual press. By means of a tool displacement device, the tool can be moved back and forth between these two basic positions. To enable the simplest possible handling, the actual tool with the mold parts is designed as an adapter.

In the particularly preferred embodiment, such a press arrangement allows the filling of the tool or the free space between the mold parts in the tool outside the actual press and also in a relative to the pressing position in the plane of the pressing force force pivoted position of the tool or the moldings. However, the two aspects required for this, on the one hand the positional adjustment by the attitude adjustment device and the other filling the actual press by means of the tool-filling device, respectively according to the features of claims 7 and 8 are inventively inventive and are fiction united by the ideal combination of both options ,

A variety of such tooling and corresponding tool displacement means outside the actual press and the use of an adapter with inserted upper and lower parts offers a wide variety of possible variations. By means of appropriate manual measures or movements carried out automatically by means of a control device, it is possible, for example, to use different tools for completely different compact forms on a press. This is made possible by the arrangement of all molded parts within an adapter. In particular, the filling of the various adapters or tools with different Pressed goods at the various tool-providing facilities possible. Advantageously, can also be prepared on a tool-providing device in the corresponding adapter elaborate compacts for the pressing process or removed after the pressing process from the tool, while with the other adapters on the other tool-providing facilities simple ceramic products prepared with a short cycle time or are taken. This allows a press to be optimally utilized as downtimes can be minimized.

The replacement of tools or individual moldings is possible in such an arrangement with a variety of tool-providing facilities without the otherwise mandatory shutdown times of the actual press. In particular, when using an adapter can also be easily removed a complete adapter from a tool-providing device and exchanged for another adapter with already prepared new moldings or tools.

The use of an adapter with the tool and moldings used in particular also makes it possible to provide a tool-filling device which, in addition to a holding device for holding the adapter or tool with assembled moldings and a conventional filling device for filling the mold part gap with a pressed product, also provides a position adjustment device having. By means of the position adjustment device, it is possible to bring the adapter or the tool in preferably any positions, so that, for example, an arrangement of the moldings for a vertical pressing operation, a pivoting of the entire assembly for filling in a 90 ° offset position is possible. As a result, the filling of the molding part gap in the vertical direction can take place, so that on the one hand a fast and uniform Filling, as in otherwise horizontal presses, is possible and on the other hand, a vertical pressing operation is enabled, which allows the use of a variety of tool-providing facilities. Further, the finished compact can be removed after lifting the upper mold part of the mold base without falling on a conveyor belt. The position adjustment device, which preferably has a pivoting mechanism for the adapter or the tool, thus offers the advantages of both horizontal and vertical presses with regard to the filling of the mold part gap and with a view to the removal of the compact. In particular, it is also possible to allow an adjustment of the position in different spatial directions between the two layers described above.

The use of an adapter with inserted tool and moldings used allows easy handling, a quick replacement and in particular the connection of supply lines, which are not removed by the adapter or tool during the residence time in the press and in the area of the associated tool providing device have to. This concerns in particular filling hoses for the pressing material supply of one or more powder silos, hydraulic lines for establishing hydraulic pressures within or between individual tool parts and molded parts as well as power or signaling lines for connecting measuring elements.

Thus, while at first glance an expansion of press arrangements, such as the vertical press with sliding table to other tool-providing facilities was not obvious to those skilled in the art, since the performance gain can be increased only by a limited increase in the total number of cycles within the actual press, it turns out Upon closer inspection, a host of benefits are gained through the use of the modular system Adapters and a variety of tooling facilities.

Fig. 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine Pressenanordnung mit einer zentralen Presse und drei Werkzeug-Bereitstellungseinrichtungen mit jeweils einem eingesetzten Adapter;

Fig. 2

eine seitliche Schnittansicht durch einen Adapter mit Werkzeug- und Formteilen, wobei die Darstellung in der Pressposition innerhalb der Presse gewählt ist;

Fig. 3

den Adapter aus Fig. 2 in der Werkzeug-Bereitstellungseinrichtung nach dem Pressvorgang mit bereits abgehobenem Werkzeug- und Formoberteil und einem entnehmbaren Pressling;

Fig. 4

Werkzeug und Formteil in einem verschwenkten Zustand zum Befüllen des Formteilzwischenraums in dessen vertikaler Ausrichtung;

Fig. 5

eine Versetzungs- bzw. Transfereinrichtung und einen Schwenkantrieb und

Fig. 6

eine Hubeinrichtung.

An embodiment will be explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a plan view of a press assembly with a central press and three tool-providing devices, each with an inserted adapter;

Fig. 2

a side sectional view through an adapter with tool and mold parts, wherein the representation is selected in the pressing position within the press;

Fig. 3

the adapter off Fig. 2 in the tool-providing device after the pressing process with already lifted tool and mold upper part and a removable compact;

Fig. 4

Tool and molding in a pivoted state for filling the molding space in its vertical orientation;

Fig. 5

a displacement or transfer device and a pivot drive and

Fig. 6

a lifting device.

How out Fig. 1 it can be seen, a press arrangement consists of a plurality of individual components. These are in particular a central press 2, three delivery devices 3 with transfer or transfer devices 4, which are referred to below as Werkzeugversetzungs- or

Tool moving devices 4 are designated, and the adapters 5 with tools and moldings inserted therein. Furthermore, at least one powder silo 6 for receiving powdery and / or granular pressed material and at least one pressing hydraulic 7 are part of the press arrangement 1.

The press 2 consists essentially of known per se press elements, in particular a press base plate with a hydraulic assembly and a lower ram 22 and an upper press assembly with an upper press plate 21 and a directly or indirectly arranged thereon upper press ram 23. The upper and lower press plate with the corresponding press dies 22, 23 are movable toward or away from each other by means of the press hydraulic 7. For the production of ceramic household items, such as plates and bowls, preferably a short press stroke is sufficient.

For controlling the actual pressing operation, the press arrangement 1 also has a control device C. In addition to control logic, this advantageously also includes input, visualization, programming and monitoring options. Furthermore, in addition to controlling the actual pressing process, the control device C also serves to control the further assemblies of the press arrangement 1.

The exemplified tool-providing devices 3 have in a simple embodiment guide rails 31 on which slides 32 can slide, the carriage 32 in turn holding and carrying means 33 for securing an adapter 5 and / or tool. By means of a drive 34, the arrangement of the carriage 32 together with the attached adapter 5 between the pressing position within the press 2 and the machining position in the processing or Provision device 3 method. Alternatively, however, any other robot-like adjustment and movement mechanisms can be used.

In order to allow a filling of the molding space in composite moldings, 6 corresponding filling hoses are guided by the or the powder silos to the adapters 5 and secured thereto. To maintain clarity, however, such filling hoses are not shown. Instead of a fixed fixing of the filling hoses on the adapter or tool and the attachment of the Füllschlauchenden or corresponding filler 62 is possible in each case for the special filling process, but this requires a correspondingly more expensive robot mechanics required.

Also, other media supply hoses, for example, for supplying hydraulic fluid to corresponding cylinder piston assemblies or membranes between the molding walls and the molding space 59 are not shown for simplicity of illustration. The same applies to control cables and monitoring cables as well as optionally available sensor elements in the area of the adapter and / or tool.

One or more removal devices, in particular removal robot 8, serve to remove a compact from the adapter. These can access the compact 61 in the lower molding 54 in accordance with a special control specification after the upper molding 52 has been lifted off. As a result, in particular a directed article removal from the tool lower part is made possible, so that special and complicated optical recognition systems or vision systems for aligning the compact 61 do not have to be provided. The removal robot 8 can optionally place the removed compact 61 directly on a belt 81 for removal or the removed compact 61 previously one or more individual stations a post-processing station 82 feed.

Furthermore, in Fig. 1 a lifting device 9 shown below with reference to Fig. 3 and 6 is explained in more detail.

How out Fig. 2 and 3 can be seen, there is an adapter 5 with an inserted tool and moldings from a variety of individual components. An adapter frame consists of an upper tool part 51 for fixing an upper mold part 52, a lower tool part 53 for fixing one or more lower mold parts 54 and a guide device or guide rods 55 which are wholly or partially guided by the upper tool part 51 and the lower tool part and a Allow movement of these towards and away from each other. For fastening the or the upper mold parts 52 on the upper tool part 51 serve fastening means 56, in the simplest embodiment simple screws which are guided by the upper tool part 51 in the upper mold part 52. However, any other conventional mounting options are used. Similarly, fasteners 56 for attaching the lower mold member 54 to the tool base 53 are also provided. In the illustrated embodiment, the actual lower tool part is formed in several parts and consists, as shown, of the actual tool base 53, which is configured as a substantially U-shaped receiving housing for deep lower moldings 54, and a tool base plate 57 to which the actual tool base 53 attached is.

For attaching the adapter 5 to the holding and carrying means 33 of the carriage 32 5 tool suspensions 58 are formed on the adapter. The tool suspensions 58 are executed in a particularly preferred embodiment as laterally projecting pins. This makes it possible for the Holding and carrying means 33 as U-shaped gripping means to arrange upright on the carriage 32 and to use an adapter 5 simply from above with the tool suspension bolt 58 in the U- or fork-shaped holding and carrying devices 33. As shown, for the stable suspension of the adapter 5, the spatial position of the tool suspensions or bolts 58 is displaced upward from the tool base plate 57.

The holding and carrying device 33 is in the illustrated embodiment, in addition to the U- or fork-shaped bearing 35 for the insertable bolt 58 of the tool suspension of a piston rod 34 which raises the pin bearing 35 up or down or lower. The lower end of the piston rod 34 dips into a cylinder-piston assembly 36, which in turn sits on a guide 37 on the corresponding guide rail 31. Such an arrangement allows lifting or lowering of the entire inserted adapter 5, so that the adapter 5 can be introduced into the press and placed there on the lower ram 22. Alternatively, it is of course also possible to retract the adapter via a rail system 31 in the actual press 2, and there raise the lower ram 22 before the actual pressing process so far that the tool base plate 57 rests on the lower ram 22.

After the actual pressing operation, the adapter 5 is moved or brought from the press 2 into the supply device 3 assigned to the adapter 5. There, the tool upper part 51 is then lifted with the upper mold part 52 upwards, so that the compact 61 can be removed by means of the removal device 8 from the lower mold part 54.

For lifting the tool top 51 different lifting devices can be provided. Shown is a lifting device 9, which engages with a lifting pin 91 or lifting gripper in a bore 92 in the outer periphery of the upper tool part 51. By means of a cylinder-piston assembly 93, the upper tool part 51 can then be raised together with the upper mold part 52 in the predetermined by the guide means 55 movement areas. If no guide device 55 is provided for connecting or guiding the individual tool parts, a corresponding positioning mechanism is additionally to be provided for moving the tool upper part 51 up and down.

In addition to the illustrated lifting device 9, other lifting devices are used, for example ZylinderKolbenanordnungen or gear arrangements, which are used instead of one of the guide rods 55 in the adapter frame of the adapter 5. However, this then requires the connection of further hydraulic lines to the adapter 5, which is why the arrangement with an external lifting device 9 is particularly preferred.

How out Fig. 3 it can be seen, the adapter 5 or the tool for removing the compact 61, but in particular for filling with a filling in the molding space 59 can be brought into any position. Shown is in addition to the horizontal orientation of the mold parts 52, 54 and the mold part space 59 in particular a vertical arrangement, so that a filling of the mold part space 59 can be made from above. The filling takes place by means of a correspondingly attached to the adapter filling hose, which leads to a powder silo 6 or by means of a Füllschlauchdüse 62, which is recognized in the desired filling position on the adapter for a short time, but this makes corresponding robotic mechanisms required.

In order to enable an adjustment of the adapter 5 and the tool in different filling layers is, as well as off Fig. 5 can be seen, a position adjustment device 64 in the region of the tool-providing device 3 is arranged. It is also possible to use a combined lifting and position adjustment device 9, 64. In the illustrated embodiment, a gripping device 65 engages in the laterally from the adapter frame and the here example annular pin bearing 35 protruding bolt 58. The gripping device 65 engages one hand in the bolt 58 that a rotation of the bolt and thus a pivoting of the entire adapter frame is possible, and on the other hand mounted with its other end in a corresponding motorized drive.

While in the Fig. 2 and 3 Moldings 52, 54 for making a deep bowl are shown as compact 61, are shown in FIG Fig. 4 an upper mold part 52 and a lower mold part 54 ', which are shaped to produce a flat plate. In order to reduce the costs for the production of such moldings, the lower mold part 54 'can be manufactured as a flat component and inserted into the tool lower part 53. In order to bridge the distance between the bottom of the tool lower part 53 and the bottom of the lower mold part 54 ', a spacer 66 is inserted between them. Appropriately, the lower mold part 54 'through the spacer 66 through the tool base 53 and the tool base plate 57 are firmly connected. But it is also possible, for example, a direct connection of the lower mold part 54 'with the towering edge of the tool base 53, so that the spacer 66 is loosely inserted between these two.

Fig. 6 shows a lifting device 85, which is integrated in the arrangement of carriage 32 and the support and holding devices 33. The guided laterally out of the adapter support pin 58 is here in a complete this encompassing support ring 35 'stored. The attachment of the support ring 35 'on the carriage is formed via guide rods 86 such that a movement in the up and down direction is possible. For lifting the support ring 35 'is a simple cylinder-piston assembly 87th

Claims (10)

1. Pressing tool position adjusting device (64) for adjusting the position of a pressing tool (5) for a press arrangement, wherein

   - the pressing tool (5) comprises at least one upper and at least one lower tool part (52, 54; 52, 54') with a space (59) between the tool parts, which in relieved condition can be filled with pressing material, and wherein

   - the pressing tool position adjusting device (64) is allocated to a press (2) with an upper and a lower pressing punch (22, 23) for clamping and applying load on the pressing tool (5) for pressing a ceramic or metallurgical pressed part from the pressing material, characterized in that

   - the pressing tool position adjusting device (64), for adjusting the position of the pressing tool, is designed in such a way that the pressing tool or tool parts (52, 54, 59) of it are adjustable having the filling position of the space (59) between the tool parts for filling with the pressing material swivelled in a spatial direction in relation to the plane of the acting pressing force.
2. Pressing tool position adjusting device according to claim 1, comprising, for swivelled locating and holding of the tool (5), a swivelling mechanism (9, 64), which can be driven.
3. Pressing tool position adjusting device according to claim 1 or 2, which for adjusting the pressing tool position is designed in such a way that the pressing tool or tool parts (52, 54, 59) of it are adjustable in way that the position of the tool part (52, 54) for removal of the pressed part is swivelled in a direction in relation to the plane of the acting pressing force.
4. Press arrangement (1) for pressing ceramic or metallurgical pressed parts with

   - a pressing tool position adjusting device according to any of the above claims,

   - the press (2) with the upper and the lower pressing punch (22, 23) for clamping and applying load on the pressing tool (5), which comprises at least one such upper and at least one such lower tool part (52, 54; 52, 54'),

   - a tool filling device (6, 62) for filling a space (59) between the composite upper and lower tool part (52, 54) of the pressing tool (5) in relieved condition, and

   - a removal device (8) for removing a pressed part from the pressing tool (5) after pressing,

   wherein there is provided

   - at least one device for placing the tool in readiness (3) outside the press (2) and

   - at least one device for tool transfer (4) for transferring the pressing tool (5) from the device for placing the tool in readiness (3) into the press (2) or out again,

   - wherein the position adjusting device (64) is provided outside the press (2) in the device for placing the tool in readiness (3).
5. Press arrangement according to claim 4 with a number of, or at least two, devices for placing the tool in readiness (3) outside the press (2) for placing in readiness a corresponding number of tools (5) for being mounted into the press (2).
6. Press arrangement according to claim 4 or 5, in which the tool filling device (6, 62) for filling the space (59) between the tool parts in the pressing tool (5) is arranged in the pressing tool (5) whilst being outside the press (2).
7. Press arrangement according to any of the claims 4 - 6, in which the removal device (8) for removing the pressed part from the pressing tool (5) is arranged with the pressing tool (5) in swivelled position whilst being outside the press (2).
8. Press arrangement according to any of the claims 4 - 7, with a pressing tool filling device (6, 62) for filling the pressing tool (5), wherein

   - the pressing tool (5) comprises at least one lower and at least one upper tool part (52, 54; 52, 54'), with a space (59) between the tool parts, to be filled in relieved condition with pressing material, and wherein

   - the pressing tool filling device (6, 62) is allocated to a press (2) with an upper and a lower pressing punch (22, 23) for clamping and applying load on the pressing tool (5) for pressing a ceramic or metallurgical pressed part from the pressing material, wherein

   - the pressing tool filling device (6, 62) for filling the space (59) between the tool parts is provided in the pressing tool (5) whilst being outside the press (2).
9. Press arrangement according to any of the claims 4 - 8, with

   - a pressing tool (5) with

   - a tool adaptor frame (55, 57, 51, 53),

   - fixing devices (56) for fixing tool parts (52, 54; 52, 54') to the tool adaptor frame in a way, that the tool parts can be moved towards each other, thus forming a space (59) between the tool parts, and can be moved apart for removing the pressed part (61), and

   - holding devices (58) for holding and moving the pressing tool in various positions in relation to the press (2) and/or in various positions in relation to the pressing position inside the press.
10. Process for filling a pressing tool for a press arrangement according to any of the claims 4 - 9, wherein

    - the pressing tool (5, 52, 54) for being filled with a pressing material is adjusted to a filling position, which is swivelled in relation to the plane of the acting pressing force.

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