EP1304396B1 - Beschichtungsverfahren - Google Patents
Beschichtungsverfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1304396B1 EP1304396B1 EP02019625A EP02019625A EP1304396B1 EP 1304396 B1 EP1304396 B1 EP 1304396B1 EP 02019625 A EP02019625 A EP 02019625A EP 02019625 A EP02019625 A EP 02019625A EP 1304396 B1 EP1304396 B1 EP 1304396B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- coating
- component
- alloy powder
- laser beam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
- C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for coating one of Aluminum alloy existing components, in particular of the Valve seat portion of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.
- valve seat portion of a particular from a Aluminum alloy existing cylinder head in particular in terms
- correspondingly resilient valve seat rings For example, DE 197 21 406 A1 describes a valve seat, which in a cylinder head made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy inserted and / or associated with them.
- valve seat rings a direct Coating the seat surface to the cylinder head.
- EP 843 022 A1 which to a method for forming a valve seat by means of thermal Spray coating refers.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for applying a To provide coating material, thereby avoiding the mentioned disadvantages a valve seat area with a special hardness without Tendency for cracking is provided.
- the generated coating should good wear resistance at high temperatures, high hardness and strength, have good thermal conductivity and lubricity.
- the object is achieved according to the features of claim 1, wherein using an alloy powder, the 10-70 wt .-%, in particular 20-50 wt .-% silicon (Si) and 5-50 wt .-%, in particular 10 -40% by weight of titanium (Ti), balance aluminum (Al) and optionally up to 25% by weight, in particular 1-15% by weight of nickel (Ni) and / or up to 20% by weight, in particular 1-10 wt .-% copper (Cu), and optionally boron nitride (BN), graphite, B 2 O 3 and / or Co / Cr 2 O 2 by weight with together up to 20%, in particular 5-10%, and optionally SiC and / or B 4 C by weight up to 30%, in particular 5-20% contains, by means of a high energy beam, in particular a laser beam, the alloy powder at least partially converted from the solid to the molten phase and in a molten bath on the Part surface is on / introduced, whereupon in the following solidification process
- Fig. 1 shows a micrograph of one using an aluminum-silicon powder coated component of an aluminum alloy.
- this type of coating is used in particular the Wear resistance of an aluminum component by alloying or application of alloying elements in the area of the surface increase.
- an aluminum-silicon powder which is applied / applied in the molten state is, with a very high Si addition, the cooling formed with Fig. 1 structure.
- the Aluminum base structure 10 embedded rod / lamellar silicon crystals 12a, 12b, 12c.
- the aim is a high concentration of these silicon crystals as well as their firm anchoring in the basic aluminum structure 10. In the present high silicon concentration of about 60 wt.
- the silicon particles form rod / lamellar with a size of up to several 100 microns. This due to a very adverse material behavior.
- the coated in this way The area is very brittle and tends to crack.
- a desired high Si content is the disadvantageous education large, rod / lamellar Silicon crystals contrary.
- Alloy powder contains in the present embodiment in addition to the Base element aluminum a very high silicon content of about 62 wt .-% and about 20 wt .-% titanium.
- the alloy powder is a Processed metal alloy with the appropriate composition into powder, if necessary, it may also be advantageous to alloy powder different Mix the composition, leaving an alloy powder with the desired Composition arises.
- Al-Ti phases are formed in the basic matrix.
- Particularly preferred is the formation of refractory Al-Ti phases, such as Al 3 Ti, whose melting point is about 1340 ° C.
- Silicon particles 22 are embedded in this very robust base matrix 20, with the alloying element titanium furthermore effecting grain refinement when it is deposited from the melt.
- the micrograph shown in Fig. 2 shows this base matrix 20 with embedded silicon particles 22, the silicon particles 22 despite the high silicon content of about 60 wt.% Very finely dispersed in a size of only about 20 .mu.m, in particular from 1 to 5 microns.
- the Si content can be greatly increased without the Si primary crystals forming from the melt becoming too large and bar / lamellar.
- the alloy powder a High-temperature lubricant such as boron nitride (BN) contribute, whereby the use in high-performance engines and gas / hydrogen engines is favored.
- the coating powder with a very fine Bornitrit-dust so prepared that the alloy powder grains are completely enveloped by BN.
- a second powder tower or a second powder nozzle for simultaneous transport of the base alloy powder and the BN and both only briefly to mix before / during application.
- Further wear resistance of the microstructure matrix can furthermore be achieved by adding hard material particles.
- SiC and / or B 4 C can be incorporated as a wear-resistant carrier by weight in amounts of up to 30%, in particular 5 to 20%.
- B 4 C also assumes the role of a solid lubricant due to its oxidation to B 2 O 3 .
- the coating takes place - as shown in FIG. 3 - by means of a coating lance 32, which includes a supply 37 for the alloy powder and a light guide 33 for coupling a laser beam comprises.
- a laser is a diode laser or a solid state laser such as Nd: YAG laser with a power of about 3kW used.
- the alloy powder is fed through the feed 37 of a nozzle 38 supplied, from which a powder jet 36 emerges; the from the light guide 33rd emerging laser beam is transmitted by means of a plurality of optical elements schematically and exemplarily with 34a, 34b indicated - focused.
- the Coating lance 32 is rotatable relative to the component 30 and / or displaceable, so that a targeted regional coating of the component 30 is possible; if necessary the focus of the laser beam 35 and / or the nozzle 38 adjustable ,.
- the alloy powder emerging from the nozzle 38 is sprayed in the direction of the component to be coated, wherein it is at least partially melted by the heat of the laser beam.
- the powder jet 36 is thereby guided in the vicinity of the laser beam 35 or through it.
- the powder jet emerges from the nozzle 38 in such a way that, when hitting the component surface 31a of the component 30 to be coated, the required area is exposed to the required amount of alloy powder.
- the focus 35a of the laser beam 35 is adjusted so that it lies exactly on the component surface; if the heating is too strong here, it may also be advantageous to guide the coating lance 32 in such a way that the component surface comes to lie above or below the focus 35a.
- the energy density in the focal spot of the laser beam is approximately 10 4 W / cm 2 .
- the component - the cylinder head - expediently cooled This is a compromise between a fast Heat dissipation to prevent over-melting of the Base material, between an ideal gradient for the formation of the desired structure and between a slow cooling and low Temperature differences found to avoid cracks.
- the entire Coating process under a protective gas atmosphere such as under argon or nitrogen.
- the powder material is sprayed with inert gas, the Inert gas in the feed 37 carried or in a separate line to Area of the nozzle 38 is passed.
- the Alloy powder also, for example in the form of a paste on the zu coating area are applied.
- the coating lance then comprises only the laser device and optionally a protective gas supply device which makes it structurally very simplified.
- the provided for coating cylinder head blank is total with a made certain allowance, so that may subsequently be in the coating occurring heat distortion in the finishing can be compensated.
- the Pre-processing of the valve seat areas to be coated is done with a certain undersize, since there is applied a layer.
- the Coating the valve seat portion 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d moves the Coating lance 32 with a linear speed of up to 3 m / min and is thereby turned accordingly.
- the coated area is finished by machining.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Schliffbild eines Gefüges mit hohem Si-Anteil unter Verwendung eines herkömmlichen Legierungspulvers,
- Fig. 2
- ein Schliffbild eines Gefüges mit hohem Si-Anteil unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 3
- schematisch und beispielhaft die Aufbringung des Legierungspulvers auf den Ventilsitzbereich eines Zylinderkopfes.
Claims (4)
- Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines aus einer Aluminium-Legierung bestehenden Bauteiles, insbesondere des Ventilsitzbereiches (31a, 31b, 31c, 31d) eines Zylinderkopfes (30) einer Brennkraftmaschine unter Verwendung eines Legierungspulvers, dasenthält, mittels eines Hochenergiestrahls, insbesondere eines Laserstrahls (35), wobei das Legierungspulver (36) zumindest teilweise von der festen in die schmelzflüssige Phase umgewandelt und in einem Schmelzbad auf die Bauteiloberfläche auf-/eingebracht wird, worauf sich beim folgenden Erstarrungsprozess in der Gefügegrundmatrix eine hochschmelzende intermetallische Al-Ti Phase (20) mit eingelagerten Si-Partikeln (22) ausbildet.10-70 gew.-%, insbesondere 20-50 gew.-% Silizium (Si) sowie 5-50 gew.-%, insbesondere 10-40 gew.-% Titan (Ti), Rest Aluminium (Al) und gegebenenfallsbis zu 25 gew.-%, insbesondere 1-15 gew.-% Nickel (Ni) und/oder bis zu 20 gew.-%, insbesondere 1-10 gew.-% Kupfer (Cu), und gegebenenfallsBornitrit (BN), Graphit, B2O3 und/oder Co/Cr2O2 gewichtsanteilig mit zusammen bis zu 20 %, insbesondere mit 5-10 %, und gegebenenfallsSiC und/oder B4C gewichtsanteilig mit zusammen bis zu 30 %, insbesondere 5-20 %,
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Legierungspulver mittels einer geeigneten eine Düse (38) umfassenden Pulverfördereinrichtung, welche mit dem Laserstrahl (35) zusammenwirkt, auf die Bauteiloberfläche aufgebracht wird, indem das Pulver im Laserstrahl (35) oder zumindest in dessen Nähe wenigstens teilweise aufgeschmolzen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bauteil (30) während des Beschichtens gekühlt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtung unter Schutzgasatmosphäre erfolgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10151716A DE10151716A1 (de) | 2001-10-19 | 2001-10-19 | Legierungspulver zur Beschichtung insbesondere des Ventilsitzbereiches eines Zylinderkopfes einer Brennkraftmaschine sowie Beschichtungsverfahren |
| DE10151716 | 2001-10-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1304396A1 EP1304396A1 (de) | 2003-04-23 |
| EP1304396B1 true EP1304396B1 (de) | 2005-04-06 |
Family
ID=7703089
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02019625A Expired - Lifetime EP1304396B1 (de) | 2001-10-19 | 2002-09-03 | Beschichtungsverfahren |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1304396B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10151716A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL2001869C2 (nl) | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-02 | Stichting Materials Innovation | Cilinderkop met klepzitting alsmede werkwijze voor het vervaardigen daarvan. |
| CN103302285B (zh) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-05-20 | 江苏和昊激光科技有限公司 | 专用于冲头表面激光熔覆的镍基金属陶瓷合金粉末 |
| CN104250811B (zh) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-12-28 | 丹阳宏图激光科技有限公司 | 铜合金表面的激光熔覆工艺 |
| CN104018892B (zh) * | 2014-05-28 | 2015-10-28 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | 汽轮机高压汽阀阀盖密封面凹坑的修复方法 |
| CN106757013B (zh) * | 2017-01-20 | 2019-09-24 | 青岛滨海学院 | 一种钛合金激光表面硅化物增强多元高温合金化层及其制备方法 |
| DE102017218580A1 (de) | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-18 | Christian Maier GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Schicht auf ein Bauteil und Bauteil hergestellt nach dem Verfahren |
| CN109763125B (zh) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-12-11 | 青岛滨海学院 | 一种耐高温磨损的高熵合金涂层及其制备工艺、应用 |
| FR3097561B1 (fr) * | 2019-06-19 | 2023-05-19 | Renault Sas | Dispositif de dépôt d'un revêtement pour la fabrication d'un siège de soupape |
| CN110373668B (zh) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-01-15 | 江西科技学院 | 一种铝合金复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN112522546B (zh) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-02-08 | 中北大学 | 一种利用slm技术制备b4c增强铝基复合材料的方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3081256B2 (ja) * | 1990-12-28 | 2000-08-28 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | セラミックスのメタライズ用合金及びメタライズ方法 |
| JPH0565572A (ja) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 高温耐酸化性構造部材 |
| US5833772A (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1998-11-10 | Elkem Asa | Silicon alloy, method for producing the alloy and method for production of consolidated products from silicon |
| US5545487A (en) * | 1994-02-12 | 1996-08-13 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. | Wear-resistant sintered aluminum alloy and method for producing the same |
| DE4443147A1 (de) * | 1994-12-05 | 1996-06-27 | Dechema | Korrosionsbeständiger Werkstoff für Hochtemperaturanwendungen in sulfidierenden Prozeßgasen |
| DE19802298C2 (de) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-11-23 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Erzielung funktioneller Metall-, Keramik- oder Keramik/Metall-Schichten auf der Innenwand von Hohlkörpern |
| DE19941562A1 (de) * | 1999-02-19 | 2000-08-31 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Herstellen verschleißfester Oberflächen |
| DE10009133A1 (de) * | 2000-02-26 | 2001-08-30 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zum Laserbeschichten einer Oberfläche |
-
2001
- 2001-10-19 DE DE10151716A patent/DE10151716A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2002
- 2002-09-03 DE DE50202698T patent/DE50202698D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-03 EP EP02019625A patent/EP1304396B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50202698D1 (de) | 2005-05-12 |
| EP1304396A1 (de) | 2003-04-23 |
| DE10151716A1 (de) | 2003-05-08 |
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