EP1302741A1 - High explosive projectile - Google Patents

High explosive projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1302741A1
EP1302741A1 EP02292384A EP02292384A EP1302741A1 EP 1302741 A1 EP1302741 A1 EP 1302741A1 EP 02292384 A EP02292384 A EP 02292384A EP 02292384 A EP02292384 A EP 02292384A EP 1302741 A1 EP1302741 A1 EP 1302741A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
munition
initiator
shell
ammunition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02292384A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1302741B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Vives
Jean-Paul Duparc
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Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1302741A1 publication Critical patent/EP1302741A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1302741B1 publication Critical patent/EP1302741B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of explosive ordnance.
  • These ammunition include a loading explosive disposed in an envelope surrounding an axis of the ammunition.
  • a focus of the chips is not enough to avoid such collateral effect since the envelope of the ammunition is pre fragmented over 360 ° and so she projects the splinters into all the space surrounding the envelope.
  • the ammunition according to the invention makes it possible to control more efficiently the distribution of splinters to the threat to destroy. It thus avoids the effects collateral damage to the vehicle to be protected or to hurt the troops that accompany him.
  • the invention also proposes an ammunition modular operation whose end effect can be programmed before shooting or on trajectory according to the characteristics of the threat.
  • the munition according to the invention also allows optimize the mass of explosive carried away. This results in a lighter ammunition whose terminal efficiency is equivalent to that of known munitions.
  • the invention relates to an explosive ordnance comprising an explosive charge disposed in an envelope surrounding an axis of the ammunition as well as at least a first initiator for this loading, the envelope comprising two sectors, a first sector with resources ensuring the formation of splinters when a first initiator which is disposed in the vicinity of a second sector is initiated, this second sector being devoid of means ensuring the formation of shards, ammunition characterized in that the envelope comprises a case formed of at least two shells contiguous and in contact with the explosive charge, the first sector consisting of a first of two shells which is made of a first material intended for generating splinters, the second sector consisting of a second of the two shells that is made in one second material different in nature from that of the first material.
  • the first sector will preferably cover an angle less than or equal to 180 ° around an axis of the ammunition.
  • the first material may have a higher density or equal to 7 while the second material will have a density less than or equal to 3.
  • the first material can thus be constituted by steel or tungsten and the second material can be selected from the following materials: plastics, composite materials, aluminum.
  • the means of initiation may include at least one second initiator.
  • the second initiator may be arranged in the vicinity of the first shell, the initiation of this second initiator ensuring the explosion loading with a blast effect.
  • the ammunition can have a concave coating arranged at a level first end of the envelope and applied on the explosive charge, the second initiator being willing to near a second end of the envelope.
  • the ammunition can include at least three initiators, one willing to neighbor of the first shell, another disposed to neighborhood of the second shell and another disposed at near one end of the envelope.
  • the initiators will be connected to a control means allowing the choice of one or the other of the initiators.
  • the explosive charge may be delimited by two planes and by the first shell, the space separating the second shell and the two planes being then occupied by a wedging and / or a safety and arming device.
  • an ammunition 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention comprises an explosive charge 2 disposed in an envelope 3 surrounding an axis 4 of the munition.
  • the envelope 3 is globally cylindrical with axis 4.
  • the ammunition 1 shown here also includes a thruster 5 which is not shown in detail and which comprises in a conventional manner a propellant charge 6 under the shape of a block arranged in a room extended by a nozzle (not shown).
  • This thruster is not subject of the present invention and it is possible to define a ammunition according to the invention devoid of propellant.
  • the ammunition is finally equipped with an empennage (no represented) to ensure its stabilization in roll.
  • the ammunition comprises at least a first initiator 7 which detonates the explosive charge 2.
  • This first initiator 7 is disposed at a generator of envelope 3. In a conventional manner it is connected to a security and arming device (not shown) which may be attached to the shell of the ammunition.
  • the first initiator 7 is disposed in the vicinity of second sector 3b of the envelope. So the wave of detonation initiated by initiator 7 will progress in the explosive charge 2 in a direction substantially radial towards the first sector 3a, thus ensuring an optimal speed for the splinters projection.
  • the envelope 3 includes a case consisting of two shells 8a and 8b which are adjacent to and surrounding the explosive charge. variant shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the two shells 8a and 8b are cylindrical hemi. Each sector 3a, 3b covers therefore an angle of 180 ° around the axis 4 of the ammunition.
  • the two shells 8a and 8b are arranged in a tube 9 which will be made of a light material, for example aluminum, plastic or composite.
  • the first sector 3a consists of the first shell 8a. This first shell is made in one first material for generating splinters.
  • this first shell 8a steel or dense material eg tungsten
  • the first material may be weakened to ensure a preforming chips.
  • the weakening can be a way can be obtained by mechanically grooves forming a network having the mesh dimension desired for splinters. We can also realize a embrittlement by electronic bombardment or treatment located along such a network.
  • the second sector 3b consists of the second shell 8b which is made of a second material which is different in nature from that of the first material.
  • Second material a material generating little or no splinters during the initiation of charge. It will be enough to adopt a low density material (less than or equal to 3000 kg / m3) which will ensure the mechanical strength of the whole but which will not generate during the functioning only chips with low vulnerability.
  • the second shell 8b in one plastic material for example a polyamide.
  • the second shell in one composite material, such as a filament wound, or in aluminum.
  • a radial pin 10 provides axial positioning and angular of the two half-shells with respect to the tube 9.
  • the first initiator 7 is constituted by a tablet of a detonating composition, housed in a hole arranged in the explosive charge 2.
  • This tablet is itself initiated by a detonator 11 which is connected by a wire 12 to a device firing control (not shown) integral with the system (not shown) or in solidarity with the ammunition itself.
  • the detonator is applied in contact with the initiator tablet 7 through a radial orifice 13 arranged in the second shell 8b.
  • a closure cap 19 is screwed or glued to the tube 9 and it ensures the axial connection of the explosive charge and shells 8a and 8b with respect to the tube 9.
  • the assembly formed by the initiator 11, the loading explosive 2 and the first shell 8a constitutes a charge spark generator.
  • An explosive block is produced, for example hexogen or of octogen inside which is arranged a radial hole intended to receive the means of initiation.
  • the initiation means 7 are placed inside this hole then place the explosive inside the two shells 8a and 8b making sure initiator 7 is next to hole 13 of the shell 8b.
  • the detonator 11 equipped with its wire 12 is placed in the tube 9 and next to the initiator 7.
  • the initiator 7 is triggered on the trajectory of the munition by a command order transmitted by the wire 12.
  • the explosive charge 2 is then detonated.
  • the wave of detonation progresses substantially radially from the second shell 8b to the first shell 8a. This one is fragment in the form of splinters that are projected at a speed of the order of 1800 m / s.
  • the second shell being made of a light material not generating splinters or splinters little vulnérants one is assured to get an effective shower following a sector well defined which is delimited as much as possible by the directions d1 and d2 visible in Figure 2.
  • a head has been described here military force which was triggered from the launching system using a wire.
  • a rocket no represented
  • This direction is the bisector of the angle formed by the lines d1 and d2 (FIG. 2).
  • the rocket will be connected to initiator 7 and will ensure the triggering the charge towards the threat it will have detected.
  • FIG. 5 thus shows in section a munition 1 which differs from that of Figure 2 in that the loading explosive 2 does not completely fill the volume defined by the shells 8a and 8b.
  • Initiator 11 will be disposed at the top of the corner.
  • Plans 21a and 21b can be applied to a integral sheet cowling of the second shell 8b.
  • the volume occupied by the calibration can also be used to house a security and arming device.
  • FIG. 6 thus shows in section a munition in which the angle covered by the first sector 3a is 120 °.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a munition according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • This ammunition differs from that shown in FIGS. and 2 in that it also has a concave coating 14 that is applied to the explosive charge. coating is disposed at a first end (or front end) of the envelope 3. It has a symmetry of revolution around axis 4 of the ammunition.
  • the periphery of the coating is housed in a groove which is arranged inside the shells 8a and 8b which thus ensure the axial joining of the coating.
  • a stop ring 18 is fixed by screw to the tube 9. It ensures the axial immobilization of the shells and the loading relative to the tube 9.
  • a second initiator 15 made in the form of a tablet of a detonating composition is disposed in the vicinity a second end of the envelope. He is lodged in a axial hole in the explosive charge 2.
  • This tablet 15 is itself initiated by a detonator 16 which is connected by a wire 17 to the firing device.
  • the son 12 and 17 can be grouped in the form of a strand of four sons.
  • detonators 11 and 16 each having a logic circuit incorporating a memory containing an address allowing recognize one or the other of the detonators by via a communication protocol (technical classic communication by "BUS").
  • the wire 17 is lodged in a groove in the wall of the tube 9 and in a groove 24 formed in the bottom 25 of the tube 9.
  • the assembly formed by the second initiator 15, the explosive charge 2 and the coating 14 constitutes a kernel generating load. Triggering the initiator 15 causes a shock wave that progresses substantially axially in the explosive charge 2. This shock wave leads to the formation of a self-wrought core by flipping 14. The core is projected at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s along axis 4.
  • This ammunition has two modes of operation different.
  • the ammunition If the first initiator 7 is triggered, the ammunition generates a sheaf of bursts with back effects and reduced collateral due to the presence of the second shell 8b and the bottom 25 of the tube 9.
  • the ammunition If the second initiator 16 is triggered, the ammunition generates an axial core thanks to the coating 14. There is also in this case a splinter projection by the first shell 8a, but the chip speed is lower than for the ammunition of Figure 1 given the orientation substantially axial of the shock wave.
  • the choice of one or the other of the initiators 7 or 16 is provided by the firing control device solidary of the launching system or the rocket of the ammunition.
  • the flash charge has an efficiency against the missiles of which it destroys the envelope.
  • Load nucleus generator has a perforating efficiency against shielded targets. It can be used to counteract direct attack a target such as a vehicle or a missile at reinforced warhead.
  • the ammunition will include a rocket particular electronic device incorporating an order receiver command from the launch system.
  • the ammunition rocket may also be a rocket programmable that will receive at the launching system level a programming of the moment of tripping as well as the desired operating mode. This programming will be be made by contact or induction. The rocket may then also include means for detecting the threat.
  • the coating may be different forms of combining the formation of a core with that of shards. It will be enough for that to arrange fragility in a peripheral area annular coating, an axial zone ensuring the kernel formation.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a munition according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • This mode differs from that in FIG. second initiator 22 is disposed in the vicinity of the first shell 8a.
  • This second initiator is connected by a wire 23 to firing control device.
  • FIG. can make a common strand son 12 and 23 or use a single "bus" to control the firing.
  • the second initiator 22 is arranged in a radial hole made in the explosive block 2 and the wire 23 is housed in a machined longitudinal groove on the explosive block 2.
  • the wire 23 is therefore located between the explosive 2 and the first shell 8a. So it is not necessary to machine the latter to ensure the assembly of the second initiator 22. There is therefore no loss of the vulgarizing efficacy of the first shell.
  • the wire 23 is also housed in a groove 24 made in the bottom 25 of the tube 9.
  • Connectors 26a, 26b can be lodged at this groove for facilitate assembly of the ammunition.
  • the ammunition according to this third embodiment also presents two modes of operation:
  • a blast charge mode that is obtained when the second initiator is triggered is triggered.
  • the second initiator 22 is arranged substantially at the level of the first shell 8a generator splinters.
  • the shock wave that it generates spreads in the loading in a substantially radial direction and direction of the second shell 8b.
  • the chips generated by the first shell then have a reduced speed.
  • the second shell is not designed to generate vulnerable fragments.
  • the only major effect obtained with this ammunition is therefore a breath effect that is oriented radially towards the second shell 8b and which is partially focused by the first shell 8a.
  • This blast effect can be reinforced by using a explosive charge 2 incorporating aluminum powder.
  • the blast mode is more particularly used to counter projectiles to kinetic energy.
  • the flash mode is used to counter missiles or rockets.
  • Figures 9 and 10 finally show a munition according to a fourth embodiment which differs from the previous ones in what the ammunition comprises three initiators 7, 15 and 22.
  • This ammunition thus has three modes of operation different: localized flash charge, focused blast, core generation load.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

Munition (1) comprises an explosive charge (2) inside a casing (3) around its axis (4), divided into two or more sectors (3a, 3b), one of which is designed to create fragments when a detonator (7) adjacent to the opposite sector is set off. <??>Preferred Features: The casing is made from at least two adjoining shells (8a, 8b), one covering an angle of 180 degrees or less, and made from a material such as steel or tungsten that breaks into fragments, and the other of a different material, such as a plastic or composite material or aluminum.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des munitions explosives. Ces munitions comprennent un chargement explosif disposé dans une enveloppe entourant un axe de la munition.The technical field of the invention is that of explosive ordnance. These ammunition include a loading explosive disposed in an envelope surrounding an axis of the ammunition.

On connaít une munition dite à charge formée qui comporte un revêtement déformable par l'onde de choc de l'explosif. Une telle munition fournit, en fonction de la géométrie du revêtement, un jet de charge creuse ou bien un noyau forgé.There is known a so-called loaded charge munition which comprises a deformable coating by the shock wave of the explosive. Such ammunition provides, depending on the geometry of the coating, a hollow charge stream or a forged core.

On connaít aussi des munitions génératrices d'éclats. Ces munitions comprennent une enveloppe pré fragmentée qui projette une gerbe d'éclats lors de l'initiation. La répartition spatiale de la gerbe d'éclats est généralement de 360° autour de l'axe de la munition.We also know ammunition generating splinters. These munitions include a pre-fragmented envelope that throws a sheaf of splinters during the initiation. The spatial distribution of the sheaf of shrapnel is usually 360 ° around the axis of the ammunition.

Il est connu de prévoir plusieurs initiateurs répartis autour de l'enveloppe d'une telle munition pour permettre une focalisation privilégiée des éclats suivant une ou plusieurs directions. Le brevet US5544589 décrit une telle munition.It is known to provide several distributed initiators around the envelope of such ammunition to allow a privileged focus of splinters following one or more directions. US Patent 5544589 describes such an ammunition.

Cependant ces munitions connues présentent dans certains cas des inconvénients.However these known ammunition present in some case of inconvenience.

En effet on est conduit aujourd'hui pour assurer la défense rapprochée des véhicules à projeter des munitions en direction de menaces détectées telles que des missiles ou des roquettes antichar.Indeed we are driven today to ensure the close defense of vehicles to project munitions into direction of detected threats such as missiles or anti-tank rockets.

Ces munitions assurent la destruction de la menace par la projection d'éclats. Cependant cette protection est assurée à une distance réduite du véhicule à protéger (de l'ordre de 5 m). Les éclats se trouvent donc non seulement projetés vers la menace mais également en direction du véhicule à protéger ou bien des éléments de soutien entourant celui ci.These ammunition ensure the destruction of the threat by the splintering. However, this protection is provided a reduced distance from the vehicle to be protected (around 5 m). The fragments are therefore not only projected towards the threat but also towards the vehicle to be protected or support elements surrounding it.

Une focalisation des éclats ne suffit pas à éviter un tel effet collatéral puisque l'enveloppe de la munition est pré fragmentée sur 360° et elle projette donc les éclats dans tout l'espace entourant l'enveloppe.A focus of the chips is not enough to avoid such collateral effect since the envelope of the ammunition is pre fragmented over 360 ° and so she projects the splinters into all the space surrounding the envelope.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer une munition permettant de pallier de tels inconvénients.It is the object of the invention to propose an ammunition to overcome such drawbacks.

Ainsi la munition selon l'invention permet de maítriser d'une façon plus efficace la répartition des éclats vers la menace à détruire. Elle permet ainsi d'éviter les effets collatéraux susceptibles d'endommager le véhicule à protéger ou de blesser les troupes qui l'accompagnent.Thus the ammunition according to the invention makes it possible to control more efficiently the distribution of splinters to the threat to destroy. It thus avoids the effects collateral damage to the vehicle to be protected or to hurt the troops that accompany him.

L'invention propose également une munition à fonctionnement modulaire dont l'effet terminal peut être programmé avant tir ou bien sur trajectoire en fonction des caractéristiques de la menace.The invention also proposes an ammunition modular operation whose end effect can be programmed before shooting or on trajectory according to the characteristics of the threat.

La munition selon l'invention permet également d'optimiser la masse d'explosif emportée. Il en résulte une munition plus légère dont l'efficacité terminale est équivalente à celle des munitions connues.The munition according to the invention also allows optimize the mass of explosive carried away. This results in a lighter ammunition whose terminal efficiency is equivalent to that of known munitions.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet une munition explosive comprenant un chargement explosif disposé dans une enveloppe entourant un axe de la munition ainsi qu'au moins un premier initiateur pour ce chargement, l'enveloppe comprenant au moins deux secteurs, un premier secteur comportant des moyens assurant la formation d'éclats lorsqu'un premier initiateur qui est disposé au voisinage d'un deuxième secteur est initié, ce deuxième secteur étant dépourvu de moyens assurant la formation d'éclats, munition caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe comprend un étui formé d'au moins deux coquilles jointives et en contact avec le chargement explosif, le premier secteur étant constitué par une première des deux coquilles qui est réalisée en un premier matériau destiné à engendrer des éclats, le deuxième secteur étant constitué par une deuxième des deux coquilles qui est réalisée en un deuxième matériau de nature différente de celle du premier matériau.Thus the invention relates to an explosive ordnance comprising an explosive charge disposed in an envelope surrounding an axis of the ammunition as well as at least a first initiator for this loading, the envelope comprising two sectors, a first sector with resources ensuring the formation of splinters when a first initiator which is disposed in the vicinity of a second sector is initiated, this second sector being devoid of means ensuring the formation of shards, ammunition characterized in that the envelope comprises a case formed of at least two shells contiguous and in contact with the explosive charge, the first sector consisting of a first of two shells which is made of a first material intended for generating splinters, the second sector consisting of a second of the two shells that is made in one second material different in nature from that of the first material.

le premier secteur pourra couvrir de préférence un angle inférieur ou égal à 180° autour d'un axe de la munition.the first sector will preferably cover an angle less than or equal to 180 ° around an axis of the ammunition.

Le premier matériau pourra avoir une densité supérieure ou égale à 7 tandis que le deuxième matériau aura une densité inférieure ou égale à 3.The first material may have a higher density or equal to 7 while the second material will have a density less than or equal to 3.

Le premier matériau pourra ainsi être constitué par de l'acier ou du tungstène et le deuxième matériau pourra être choisi parmi les matériaux suivants : matière plastique, matériaux composites, aluminium. The first material can thus be constituted by steel or tungsten and the second material can be selected from the following materials: plastics, composite materials, aluminum.

Les moyens d'initiation pourront comprendre au moins un deuxième initiateur.The means of initiation may include at least one second initiator.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le deuxième initiateur pourra être disposé au voisinage de la première coquille, l'initiation de ce deuxième initiateur assurant l'explosion du chargement avec un effet de souffle.According to one embodiment, the second initiator may be arranged in the vicinity of the first shell, the initiation of this second initiator ensuring the explosion loading with a blast effect.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la munition pourra comporter un revêtement concave disposé au niveau d'une première extrémité de l'enveloppe et appliqué sur le chargement explosif, le deuxième initiateur étant disposé au voisinage d'une deuxième extrémité de l'enveloppe.According to another embodiment, the ammunition can have a concave coating arranged at a level first end of the envelope and applied on the explosive charge, the second initiator being willing to near a second end of the envelope.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la munition pourra comprendre au moins trois initiateurs, un disposé au voisinage de la première coquille, un autre disposé au voisinage de la deuxième coquille et un autre disposé au voisinage d'une extrémité de l'enveloppe.According to another embodiment, the ammunition can include at least three initiators, one willing to neighbor of the first shell, another disposed to neighborhood of the second shell and another disposed at near one end of the envelope.

Les initiateurs seront reliés à un moyen de commande permettant le choix de l'un ou l'autre des initiateurs.The initiators will be connected to a control means allowing the choice of one or the other of the initiators.

Le chargement explosif pourra être délimité par deux plans et par la première coquille, l'espace séparant la deuxième coquille et les deux plans étant alors occupé par un calage et/ou un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement.The explosive charge may be delimited by two planes and by the first shell, the space separating the second shell and the two planes being then occupied by a wedging and / or a safety and arming device.

D'autres avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de différents modes de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente en coupe longitudinale une munition selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe transversale de la précédente suivant le plan dont la trace AA est repérée en figure 1,
  • la figure 3 représente en coupe longitudinale une munition selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est une coupe transversale de la précédente suivant le plan dont la trace BB est repérée en figure 3,
  • la figure 5 est une coupe transversale d'une munition selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 6 est une coupe transversale d'une munition selon une autre variante de l'invention,
  • la figure 7 est une coupe longitudinale d'une munition selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 8 est une coupe transversale de cette munition suivant le plan dont la trace CC est repérée en figure 7,
  • la figure 9 est une coupe longitudinale d'une munition selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 10 est une coupe transversale de cette munition suivant le plan dont la trace DD est repérée en figure 9.
Other advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of various embodiments, a description given with reference to the accompanying drawings and in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents in longitudinal section an ammunition according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section of the previous one along the plane whose track AA is marked in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 represents in longitudinal section an ammunition according to a second embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-section of the previous one along the plane whose trace BB is marked in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a cross section of a munition according to an alternative embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 6 is a cross section of a munition according to another variant of the invention,
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section of a munition according to a third embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 8 is a cross section of this munition along the plane whose trace CC is marked in FIG. 7,
  • FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section of a munition according to a fourth embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 10 is a cross section of this munition along the plane whose trace DD is marked in FIG. 9.

En se reportant aux figures 1 et 2, une munition explosive 1 selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, comprend un chargement explosif 2 disposé dans une enveloppe 3 entourant un axe 4 de la munition.Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an ammunition 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention comprises an explosive charge 2 disposed in an envelope 3 surrounding an axis 4 of the munition.

L'enveloppe 3 est ici globalement cylindrique d'axe 4.The envelope 3 is globally cylindrical with axis 4.

La munition 1 représentée ici comprend également un propulseur 5 qui n'est pas représenté en détails et qui comporte d'une façon classique un chargement propulsif 6 sous la forme d'un bloc disposé dans une chambre prolongée par une tuyère (non représentée). Ce propulseur ne fait pas l'objet de la présente invention et il est possible de définir une munition selon l'invention dépourvue de propulseur.The ammunition 1 shown here also includes a thruster 5 which is not shown in detail and which comprises in a conventional manner a propellant charge 6 under the shape of a block arranged in a room extended by a nozzle (not shown). This thruster is not subject of the present invention and it is possible to define a ammunition according to the invention devoid of propellant.

La munition est enfin dotée d'un empennage (non représenté) destiné à assurer sa stabilisation en roulis.The ammunition is finally equipped with an empennage (no represented) to ensure its stabilization in roll.

La munition comprend au moins un premier initiateur 7 qui permet de faire détoner le chargement explosif 2. Ce premier initiateur 7 est disposé au niveau d'une génératrice de l'enveloppe 3. D'une manière classique il est raccordé à un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement (non représenté) qui pourra être solidaire de l'enveloppe de la munition.The ammunition comprises at least a first initiator 7 which detonates the explosive charge 2. This first initiator 7 is disposed at a generator of envelope 3. In a conventional manner it is connected to a security and arming device (not shown) which may be attached to the shell of the ammunition.

Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, l'enveloppe 3 comprend au moins deux secteurs:

  • un premier secteur 3a comportant des moyens assurant la formation d'éclats lorsque le premier initiateur 7 est initié, et
  • un deuxième secteur 3b dépourvu de moyens assurant la formation d'éclats.
According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the envelope 3 comprises at least two sectors:
  • a first sector 3a comprising means ensuring the formation of chips when the first initiator 7 is initiated, and
  • a second sector 3b devoid of means ensuring the formation of chips.

Le premier initiateur 7 est disposé au voisinage du deuxième secteur 3b de l'enveloppe. Ainsi l'onde de détonation initiée par l'initiateur 7 progressera dans le chargement explosif 2 suivant une direction sensiblement radiale en direction du premier secteur 3a, assurant ainsi une vitesse optimale pour la projection des éclats.The first initiator 7 is disposed in the vicinity of second sector 3b of the envelope. So the wave of detonation initiated by initiator 7 will progress in the explosive charge 2 in a direction substantially radial towards the first sector 3a, thus ensuring an optimal speed for the splinters projection.

Selon ce premier mode de réalisation l'enveloppe 3 comprend un étui formé de deux coquilles 8a et 8b qui sont jointives et qui entourent le chargement explosif 2. Selon la variante représentée aux figures 1 et 2, les deux coquilles 8a et 8b sont hémi cylindriques. Chaque secteur 3a, 3b couvre donc un angle de 180° autour de l'axe 4 de la munition.According to this first embodiment the envelope 3 includes a case consisting of two shells 8a and 8b which are adjacent to and surrounding the explosive charge. variant shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the two shells 8a and 8b are cylindrical hemi. Each sector 3a, 3b covers therefore an angle of 180 ° around the axis 4 of the ammunition.

Les deux coquilles 8a et 8b sont disposées dans un tube 9 qui sera réalisé en un matériau léger, par exemple en aluminium, en matière plastique ou en composite.The two shells 8a and 8b are arranged in a tube 9 which will be made of a light material, for example aluminum, plastic or composite.

Le premier secteur 3a est constitué par la première coquille 8a. Cette première coquille est réalisée en un premier matériau destiné à engendrer des éclats.The first sector 3a consists of the first shell 8a. This first shell is made in one first material for generating splinters.

On pourra par exemple réaliser cette première coquille 8a en acier ou en matériau dense (par exemple en tungstène).We can for example make this first shell 8a steel or dense material (eg tungsten).

Le premier matériau pourra être fragilisé pour assurer un préformage des éclats. La fragilisation pourra d'une façon classique être obtenue en réalisant mécaniquement des rainures formant un réseau ayant pour maille la dimension souhaitée pour les éclats. On pourra aussi réaliser une fragilisation par bombardement électronique ou traitement thermique localisé le long d'un tel réseau.The first material may be weakened to ensure a preforming chips. The weakening can be a way can be obtained by mechanically grooves forming a network having the mesh dimension desired for splinters. We can also realize a embrittlement by electronic bombardment or treatment located along such a network.

On pourra également assurer une modulation de l'onde de choc à laquelle est soumise la première coquille suivant le réseau souhaité en prévoyant des inserts ou des zones dépourvues d'explosif entre l'explosif et la première coquille (par exemple une grille ou bien des rainures aménagées dans l'explosif).We can also provide a modulation of the wave of shock to which the first shell is subjected following desired network by providing inserts or zones without explosive between the explosive and the first shell (eg a grid or grooves arranged in the explosive).

Ces solutions sont bien connues de l'Homme du Métier et ne seront pas décrites plus en détails. These solutions are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in more detail.

On pourrait également prévoir des inserts (grille métallique ou en matière plastique) disposés entre la première coquille et le tube 9 ou bien noyés dans le matériau du tube 9.We could also provide inserts (grid metal or plastic) arranged between the first shell and the tube 9 or embedded in the material of the tube 9.

Le deuxième secteur 3b est constitué par la deuxième coquille 8b qui est réalisée en un deuxième matériau qui est de nature différente de celle du premier matériau.The second sector 3b consists of the second shell 8b which is made of a second material which is different in nature from that of the first material.

On choisira comme deuxième matériau un matériau n'engendrant pas ou peu d'éclats lors de l'initiation de la charge. Il suffira d'adopter un matériau de faible densité (inférieure ou égale à 3000 kg/m3) qui permettra d'assurer la tenue mécanique de l'ensemble mais qui ne génèrera lors du fonctionnement que des éclats à faible vulnérabilité.We will choose as second material a material generating little or no splinters during the initiation of charge. It will be enough to adopt a low density material (less than or equal to 3000 kg / m3) which will ensure the mechanical strength of the whole but which will not generate during the functioning only chips with low vulnerability.

On pourra ainsi réaliser la deuxième coquille 8b en une matière plastique par exemple un polyamide.It will thus be possible to make the second shell 8b in one plastic material for example a polyamide.

On pourrait aussi réaliser la deuxième coquille en un matériau composite, tel un enroulé filamentaire, ou encore en aluminium.We could also make the second shell in one composite material, such as a filament wound, or in aluminum.

Une goupille radiale 10 assure le positionnement axial et angulaire des deux demi-coquilles par rapport au tube 9.A radial pin 10 provides axial positioning and angular of the two half-shells with respect to the tube 9.

Selon le mode de réalisation qui est représenté ici, le premier initiateur 7 est constitué par un comprimé d'une composition détonante, logé dans un trou aménagé dans le chargement explosif 2. Ce comprimé est lui-même initié par un détonateur 11 qui est relié par un fil 12 à un dispositif de commande de mise à feu (non représenté) solidaire du système de lancement (non représenté) ou bien solidaire de la munition elle-même. Le détonateur est appliqué en contact avec le comprimé initiateur 7 au travers d'un orifice radial 13 aménagé dans la deuxième coquille 8b.According to the embodiment shown here, the first initiator 7 is constituted by a tablet of a detonating composition, housed in a hole arranged in the explosive charge 2. This tablet is itself initiated by a detonator 11 which is connected by a wire 12 to a device firing control (not shown) integral with the system (not shown) or in solidarity with the ammunition itself. The detonator is applied in contact with the initiator tablet 7 through a radial orifice 13 arranged in the second shell 8b.

Un bouchon de fermeture 19 est vissé ou collé au tube 9 et il assure la solidarisation axiale du chargement explosif et des coquilles 8a et 8b par rapport au tube 9.A closure cap 19 is screwed or glued to the tube 9 and it ensures the axial connection of the explosive charge and shells 8a and 8b with respect to the tube 9.

L'ensemble formé par l'initiateur 11, le chargement explosif 2 et la première coquille 8a constitue une charge génératrice d'éclats.The assembly formed by the initiator 11, the loading explosive 2 and the first shell 8a constitutes a charge spark generator.

Le montage de cette munition s'effectue de la façon suivante : The assembly of this ammunition is done in the way next :

On réalise un bloc d'explosif par exemple d'hexogène ou d'octogène à l'intérieur duquel est aménagé un trou radial destiné à recevoir le moyen d'initiation.An explosive block is produced, for example hexogen or of octogen inside which is arranged a radial hole intended to receive the means of initiation.

On place le moyen d'initiation 7 à l'intérieur de ce trou puis on place l'explosif à l'intérieur des deux coquilles 8a et 8b en s'assurant que l'initiateur 7 se trouve en regard du trou 13 de la coquille 8b.The initiation means 7 are placed inside this hole then place the explosive inside the two shells 8a and 8b making sure initiator 7 is next to hole 13 of the shell 8b.

On glisse les coquilles 8a, 8b équipées du chargement explosif à l'intérieur du tube 9 en veillant à orienter correctement la charge angulairement. La goupille 10 est alors placée et collée dans le tube pour assurer la solidarisation axiale du chargement, des coquilles et du tube.We slide the shells 8a, 8b equipped loading explosive inside the tube 9 making sure to steer correctly the load angularly. Pin 10 is then placed and glued in the tube to ensure the axial solidarity of the load, the shells and the tube.

On place le détonateur 11 équipé de son fil 12 dans le tube 9 et en regard de l'initiateur 7.The detonator 11 equipped with its wire 12 is placed in the tube 9 and next to the initiator 7.

La munition ainsi décrite fonctionne de la façon suivante.The ammunition thus described works in the same way next.

L'initiateur 7 est déclenché sur trajectoire de la munition par un ordre de commande transmis par le fil 12. Le chargement explosif 2 est alors mis en détonation. L'onde de détonation progresse sensiblement radialement de la deuxième coquille 8b vers la première coquille 8a. Celle ci se fragmente sous la forme d'éclats qui sont projetés à une vitesse de l'ordre de 1800 m/s.The initiator 7 is triggered on the trajectory of the munition by a command order transmitted by the wire 12. The explosive charge 2 is then detonated. The wave of detonation progresses substantially radially from the second shell 8b to the first shell 8a. This one is fragment in the form of splinters that are projected at a speed of the order of 1800 m / s.

La deuxième coquille étant réalisée en un matériau léger n'engendrant pas d'éclats ou des éclats peu vulnérants on est assuré d'obtenir une gerbe efficace suivant un secteur bien défini qui est délimité au maximum par les directions d1 et d2 visibles à la figure 2.The second shell being made of a light material not generating splinters or splinters little vulnérants one is assured to get an effective shower following a sector well defined which is delimited as much as possible by the directions d1 and d2 visible in Figure 2.

On évite ainsi les effets collatéraux.This avoids collateral effects.

Pour simplifier les dessins on a décrit ici une tête militaire dont le déclenchement était provoqué à partir du système de lancement à l'aide d'un fil. Afin d'assurer que les éclats sont bien envoyés en direction de la menace on dotera avantageusement la munition d'une fusée (non représentée) de technologie radar ou infrarouge et ayant une direction de détection parallèle ou voisine de la direction d'efficacité de la charge à éclats. Cette direction est la bissectrice de l'angle formé par les droites d1 et d2 (figure 2). La fusée sera reliée à l'initiateur 7 et elle assurera le déclenchement de la charge en direction de la menace qu'elle aura détecté.To simplify the drawings, a head has been described here military force which was triggered from the launching system using a wire. To ensure that the shards are well sent towards the threat on advantageously equip the munition with a rocket (no represented) of radar or infrared technology and having a direction of detection parallel or close to the direction efficiency of the flash load. This direction is the bisector of the angle formed by the lines d1 and d2 (FIG. 2). The rocket will be connected to initiator 7 and will ensure the triggering the charge towards the threat it will have detected.

Différentes variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Different variants are possible without going outside the box of the invention.

La figure 5 montre ainsi en coupe une munition 1 qui diffère de celle de la figure 2 en ce que le chargement explosif 2 ne remplit pas complètement le volume délimité par les coquilles 8a et 8b.FIG. 5 thus shows in section a munition 1 which differs from that of Figure 2 in that the loading explosive 2 does not completely fill the volume defined by the shells 8a and 8b.

En effet, compte tenu du fait que seul la coquille 8a a un effet vulnérant, il n'est pas nécessaire de remplir totalement le volume interne de la munition avec de l'explosif. Le chargement explosif sera alors usiné en forme d'un "coin" délimité par deux plans 21a, et 21b et par la première coquille 8a.Indeed, given that only shell 8a has a sore effect, it is not necessary to fill totally the internal volume of the ammunition with the explosive. The explosive charge will then be machined to fit a "corner" delimited by two planes 21a, and 21b and by the first shell 8a.

L'initiateur 11 sera disposé au sommet du coin.Initiator 11 will be disposed at the top of the corner.

Les plans 21a et 21b pourront être appliqués sur un capotage en tôle solidaire de la deuxième coquille 8b.Plans 21a and 21b can be applied to a integral sheet cowling of the second shell 8b.

Ils pourront plus simplement être maintenus calés par rapport à la deuxième coquille 8b à l'aide de blocs de remplissage 20a, 20b réalisés par exemple en mousse synthétique.They can simply be kept stalled by compared to the second shell 8b using blocks of filling 20a, 20b made for example of foam synthetic.

Une telle variante permet d'alléger la munition sans nuire à son efficacité. Elle permet également de réduire les effets arrière, le calage 20a, 20b assurant un amortissement de l'onde de choc reçue par la deuxième coquille 8b.Such a variant makes it possible to lighten the ammunition without impair its effectiveness. It also reduces rear effects, the wedging 20a, 20b providing damping of the shock wave received by the second shell 8b.

Le volume occupé par le calage pourra aussi être utilisé pour loger un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement.The volume occupied by the calibration can also be used to house a security and arming device.

Il est également possible à titre de variante de réaliser une munition dans laquelle le premier secteur 3a couvre un angle inférieur à 180° autour de l'axe 4 de la munition. La figure 6 montre ainsi en coupe une munition dans laquelle l'angle couvert par le premier secteur 3a est de 120°.It is also possible as a variant to realize an ammunition in which the first sector 3a covers a angle less than 180 ° around axis 4 of the ammunition. The FIG. 6 thus shows in section a munition in which the angle covered by the first sector 3a is 120 °.

On notera que le tube 9 n'a pas été représenté sur les figures 5 et 6.Note that the tube 9 has not been shown on the Figures 5 and 6.

Les figures 3 et 4 montrent une munition selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention. Figures 3 and 4 show a munition according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Cette munition diffère de celle représentée aux figures 1 et 2 en ce qu'elle comporte également un revêtement concave 14 qui est appliqué sur le chargement explosif 2. Ce revêtement est disposé au niveau d'une première extrémité (ou extrémité avant) de l'enveloppe 3. Il présente une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe 4 de la munition.This ammunition differs from that shown in FIGS. and 2 in that it also has a concave coating 14 that is applied to the explosive charge. coating is disposed at a first end (or front end) of the envelope 3. It has a symmetry of revolution around axis 4 of the ammunition.

La périphérie du revêtement se loge dans une gorge qui est aménagée à l'intérieur des coquilles 8a et 8b qui assurent ainsi la solidarisation axiale du revêtement.The periphery of the coating is housed in a groove which is arranged inside the shells 8a and 8b which thus ensure the axial joining of the coating.

Une bague butée 18 est fixée par vis au tube 9. Elle assure l'immobilisation axiale des coquilles et du chargement par rapport au tube 9.A stop ring 18 is fixed by screw to the tube 9. It ensures the axial immobilization of the shells and the loading relative to the tube 9.

Un deuxième initiateur 15 réalisé sous la forme d'un comprimé d'une composition détonante est disposé au voisinage d'une deuxième extrémité de l'enveloppe. Il est logé dans un trou axial aménagé dans le chargement explosif 2.A second initiator 15 made in the form of a tablet of a detonating composition is disposed in the vicinity a second end of the envelope. He is lodged in a axial hole in the explosive charge 2.

Ce comprimé 15 est lui-même initié par un détonateur 16 qui est relié par un fil 17 au dispositif de mise à feu.This tablet 15 is itself initiated by a detonator 16 which is connected by a wire 17 to the firing device.

Les fils 12 et 17 pourront être regroupés sous la forme d'un toron de quatre fils. On pourra également utiliser des détonateurs 11 et 16 dotés chacun d'un circuit logique incorporant une mémoire contenant une adresse permettant de reconnaítre l'un ou l'autre des détonateurs par l'intermédiaire d'un protocole de communication (technique classique de la communication par "BUS").The son 12 and 17 can be grouped in the form of a strand of four sons. We can also use detonators 11 and 16 each having a logic circuit incorporating a memory containing an address allowing recognize one or the other of the detonators by via a communication protocol (technical classic communication by "BUS").

Dans ce cas une seule paire de fils permettra d'initier au choix l'un ou l'autre des deux détonateurs 11 ou 16.In this case a single pair of wires will initiate optionally one or the other of the two detonators 11 or 16.

Pour faciliter le montage de la munition le fil 17 se loge dans une gorge aménagée dans la paroi du tube 9 et dans une rainure 24 aménagée dans le fond 25 du tube 9.To facilitate the assembly of the ammunition the wire 17 is lodged in a groove in the wall of the tube 9 and in a groove 24 formed in the bottom 25 of the tube 9.

L'ensemble formé par le deuxième initiateur 15, le chargement explosif 2 et le revêtement 14 constitue une charge génératrice de noyau. Le déclenchement de l'initiateur 15 provoque une onde de choc qui progresse sensiblement axialement dans le chargement explosif 2. Cette onde de choc conduit à la formation d'un noyau auto forgé par retournement du revêtement 14. Le noyau est projeté à une vitesse de l'ordre de 2000 m/s le long de l'axe 4. The assembly formed by the second initiator 15, the explosive charge 2 and the coating 14 constitutes a kernel generating load. Triggering the initiator 15 causes a shock wave that progresses substantially axially in the explosive charge 2. This shock wave leads to the formation of a self-wrought core by flipping 14. The core is projected at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s along axis 4.

Cette munition présente donc deux modes de fonctionnement différents.This ammunition has two modes of operation different.

Si le premier initiateur 7 est déclenché, la munition engendre une gerbe d'éclats avec des effets arrières et collatéraux réduits grâce à la présence de la deuxième coquille 8b ainsi que du fond 25 du tube 9.If the first initiator 7 is triggered, the ammunition generates a sheaf of bursts with back effects and reduced collateral due to the presence of the second shell 8b and the bottom 25 of the tube 9.

Si le deuxième initiateur 16 est déclenché, la munition engendre un noyau axial grâce au revêtement 14. Il y a également dans ce cas une projection d'éclats par la première coquille 8a, mais la vitesse des éclats est plus faible que pour la munition de la figure 1 compte tenu de l'orientation sensiblement axiale de l'onde de choc.If the second initiator 16 is triggered, the ammunition generates an axial core thanks to the coating 14. There is also in this case a splinter projection by the first shell 8a, but the chip speed is lower than for the ammunition of Figure 1 given the orientation substantially axial of the shock wave.

Le choix de l'un ou de l'autre des initiateurs 7 ou 16 est assuré par le dispositif de commande de mise à feu solidaire du système de lancement ou de la fusée de la munition.The choice of one or the other of the initiators 7 or 16 is provided by the firing control device solidary of the launching system or the rocket of the ammunition.

Ce choix sera fait en fonction des caractéristiques de la menace détectée. La charge à éclats a une efficacité contre les missiles dont elle détruit l'enveloppe. La charge génératrice de noyau a une efficacité perforante contre les cibles blindées. Elle pourra être utilisée pour contrer en attaque directe une cible telle un véhicule ou un missile à ogive renforcée.This choice will be made according to the characteristics of the detected threat. The flash charge has an efficiency against the missiles of which it destroys the envelope. Load nucleus generator has a perforating efficiency against shielded targets. It can be used to counteract direct attack a target such as a vehicle or a missile at reinforced warhead.

Si la transmission de l'ordre de mise à feu se fait à partir d'un système de lancement au sol, il est bien entendu possible d'assurer cette transmission par voie hertzienne ou optique. Dans ce cas la munition comprendra une fusée électronique particulière incorporant un récepteur des ordres de commande provenant du système de lancement.If the transmission of the firing order is made at from a ground launch system, it is of course possible to ensure this transmission over the air or optical. In this case the ammunition will include a rocket particular electronic device incorporating an order receiver command from the launch system.

La fusée de la munition pourra également être une fusée programmable qui recevra au niveau du système de lancement une programmation de l'instant de déclenchement ainsi que du mode de fonctionnement souhaité. Cette programmation pourra être réalisée par contact ou bien par induction. La fusée pourra comporter alors également des moyens de détection de la menace.The ammunition rocket may also be a rocket programmable that will receive at the launching system level a programming of the moment of tripping as well as the desired operating mode. This programming will be be made by contact or induction. The rocket may then also include means for detecting the threat.

A titre de variante on pourra donner au revêtement différentes formes permettant de combiner la formation d'un noyau avec celle d'éclats. Il suffira pour cela d'aménager des fragilisations au niveau d'une zone périphérique annulaire du revêtement, une zone axiale assurant la formation d'un noyau.Alternatively, the coating may be different forms of combining the formation of a core with that of shards. It will be enough for that to arrange fragility in a peripheral area annular coating, an axial zone ensuring the kernel formation.

On pourra également réaliser un revêtement n'engendrant que des éclats.It will also be possible to produce a coating that does not generate only splinters.

Les figures 7 et 8 montrent une munition selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.Figures 7 and 8 show a munition according to a third embodiment of the invention.

Ce mode diffère de celui selon la figure 1 en ce qu'un deuxième initiateur 22 est disposé au voisinage de la première coquille 8a.This mode differs from that in FIG. second initiator 22 is disposed in the vicinity of the first shell 8a.

Ce deuxième initiateur est relié par un fil 23 au dispositif de commande de mise à feu.This second initiator is connected by a wire 23 to firing control device.

Comme dans le deuxième mode de réalisation (figure 3) on pourra réaliser un toron commun des fils 12 et 23 ou bien utiliser un "bus" unique de commande de la mise à feu.As in the second embodiment (FIG. can make a common strand son 12 and 23 or use a single "bus" to control the firing.

Du point de vue montage le deuxième initiateur 22 est disposé dans un trou radial réalisé dans le bloc d'explosif 2 et le fil 23 se loge dans une rainure longitudinale usinée sur le bloc explosif 2.From the mounting point of view the second initiator 22 is arranged in a radial hole made in the explosive block 2 and the wire 23 is housed in a machined longitudinal groove on the explosive block 2.

Le fil 23 se trouve donc disposé entre l'explosif 2 et la première coquille 8a. Ainsi il n'est pas nécessaire d'usiner cette dernière pour assurer le montage du deuxième initiateur 22. Il n'y a donc pas de perte de l'efficacité vulnérante de la première coquille.The wire 23 is therefore located between the explosive 2 and the first shell 8a. So it is not necessary to machine the latter to ensure the assembly of the second initiator 22. There is therefore no loss of the vulgarizing efficacy of the first shell.

Le fil 23 se loge également dans une rainure 24 réalisée dans le fond 25 du tube 9.The wire 23 is also housed in a groove 24 made in the bottom 25 of the tube 9.

Des connecteurs 26a, 26b (représentés schématiquement en pointillés) pourront se loger au niveau de cette rainure pour faciliter le montage de la munition.Connectors 26a, 26b (shown schematically in dotted lines) can be lodged at this groove for facilitate assembly of the ammunition.

En effet on réalisera d'une part le montage de la charge explosive équipée de ses deux initiateurs 7 et 22 et d'une première partie du fil 23 équipée d'un connecteur 26a.Indeed one will realize on the one hand the assembly of the load explosive equipped with its two initiators 7 and 22 and a first portion of the wire 23 equipped with a connector 26a.

On réalisera d'autre part le montage du tube qui recevra une deuxième partie du fil 23 équipé du connecteur 26b.On the other hand, the assembly of the tube which will receive a second portion of the wire 23 equipped with the connector 26b.

On raccordera ensuite les connecteurs avant d'introduire la charge dans le tube 9. Then connect the connectors before introducing the charge in the tube 9.

On pourra également avantageusement prévoir un fond 25 pour le tube qui soit démontable. On facilitera ainsi le raccordement électrique après introduction de la charge explosive dans le tube 9.It will also be possible to advantageously provide a background 25 for the tube that is removable. This will facilitate electrical connection after load introduction explosive in the tube 9.

La munition selon ce troisième mode de réalisation présente aussi deux modes de fonctionnements :The ammunition according to this third embodiment also presents two modes of operation:

Le mode charge à éclats déjà décrit qui est obtenu lorsque le premier initiateur 7 est déclenché.The flash charge mode already described which is obtained when the first initiator 7 is triggered.

Un mode charge à effet de souffle qui est obtenu lorsque le deuxième initiateur est déclenché.A blast charge mode that is obtained when the second initiator is triggered.

En effet le deuxième initiateur 22 est disposé sensiblement au niveau de la première coquille 8a génératrice d'éclats.Indeed the second initiator 22 is arranged substantially at the level of the first shell 8a generator splinters.

L'onde de choc qu'il engendre se propage dans le chargement suivant une direction sensiblement radiale et en direction de la deuxième coquille 8b.The shock wave that it generates spreads in the loading in a substantially radial direction and direction of the second shell 8b.

Les éclats engendrés par la première coquille ont alors une vitesse réduite. La deuxième coquille n'est pas conçue pour engendrer des éclats vulnérants. Le seul effet majeur obtenu avec cette munition est donc un effet de souffle qui est orienté radialement en direction de la deuxième coquille 8b et qui est en partie focalisé par la première coquille 8a.The chips generated by the first shell then have a reduced speed. The second shell is not designed to generate vulnerable fragments. The only major effect obtained with this ammunition is therefore a breath effect that is oriented radially towards the second shell 8b and which is partially focused by the first shell 8a.

Cet effet de souffle pourra être renforcé en utilisant un chargement explosif 2 incorporant de la poudre d'aluminium.This blast effect can be reinforced by using a explosive charge 2 incorporating aluminum powder.

Le mode de fonctionnement à effet de souffle est plus particulièrement utilisé pour contrer les projectiles à énergie cinétique. Le mode de fonctionnement à éclats est utilisé pour contrer les missiles ou roquettes.The blast mode is more particularly used to counter projectiles to kinetic energy. The flash mode is used to counter missiles or rockets.

Les figures 9 et 10 montrent enfin une munition selon un quatrième mode de réalisation qui diffère des précédents en ce que la munition comprend trois initiateurs 7, 15 et 22.Figures 9 and 10 finally show a munition according to a fourth embodiment which differs from the previous ones in what the ammunition comprises three initiators 7, 15 and 22.

Cette munition possède donc trois modes de fonctionnement différents : charge à éclats localisés, charge à effet de souffle focalisé, charge à génération de noyau.This ammunition thus has three modes of operation different: localized flash charge, focused blast, core generation load.

Le choix de l'un ou l'autre de ces modes de fonctionnement sera déterminé par le dispositif de commande (au sol ou solidaire de la munition) en fonction de la menace et l'ordre de mise à feu approprié sera alors déclenché sur trajectoire.The choice of one or other of these modes of operation will be determined by the controller (on the ground or in solidarity with the ammunition) depending on the threat and the appropriate firing order will then be triggered on path.

Claims (10)

Munition explosive (1) comprenant un chargement explosif (2) disposé dans une enveloppe (3) entourant un axe (4) de la munition ainsi qu'au moins un premier initiateur pour ce chargement, l'enveloppe (3) comprenant au moins deux secteurs (3a,3b), un premier secteur (3a) comportant des moyens (8a) assurant la formation d'éclats lorsqu'un premier initiateur (7) qui est disposé au voisinage d'un deuxième secteur (8b) est initié, ce deuxième secteur étant dépourvu de moyens assurant la formation d'éclats, munition caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe comprend un étui formé d'au moins deux coquilles (8a,8b) jointives et en contact avec le chargement explosif (2), le premier secteur (3a) étant constitué par une première (8a) des deux coquilles qui est réalisée en un premier matériau destiné à engendrer des éclats, le deuxième secteur (3b) étant constitué par une deuxième (8b) des deux coquilles qui est réalisée en un deuxième matériau de nature différente de celle du premier matériau.Explosive munition (1) comprising an explosive charge (2) disposed in an envelope (3) surrounding an axis (4) of the munition and at least a first initiator for this charge, the envelope (3) comprising at least two sectors (3a, 3b), a first sector (3a) comprising means (8a) ensuring the formation of chips when a first initiator (7) which is arranged in the vicinity of a second sector (8b) is initiated, this second sector being devoid of means ensuring the formation of fragments, munition characterized in that the envelope comprises a case formed of at least two shells (8a, 8b) contiguous and in contact with the explosive charge (2), the first sector (3a) being constituted by a first (8a) of the two shells which is made of a first material intended to generate splinters, the second sector (3b) consisting of a second (8b) of the two shells which is made in one second material of different nature of cell e of the first material. Munition explosive selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le premier secteur (3a) couvre un angle inférieur ou égal à 180° autour d'un axe (4) de la munition.Explosive munition according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sector (3a) covers an angle less than or equal to 180 ° about an axis (4) of the munition. Munition explosive selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le premier matériau a une densité supérieure ou égale à 7 et le deuxième matériau a une densité inférieure ou égale à 3.Explosive munition according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first material has a density greater than or equal to 7 and the second material has a density less than or equal to 3. Munition explosive selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le premier matériau est de l'acier ou du tungstène et en ce que le deuxième matériau est choisi parmi les matériaux suivants : matière plastique, matériaux composites, aluminium.Explosive munition according to claim 4, characterized in that the first material is steel or tungsten and in that the second material is selected from the following materials: plastic material, composite materials, aluminum. Munition explosive selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'initiation comprennent au moins un deuxième initiateur (15).Explosive munition according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the initiating means comprise at least one second initiator (15). Munition explosive selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième initiateur (15) est disposé au voisinage de la première coquille (8a), l'initiation de ce deuxième initiateur assurant l'explosion du chargement avec un effet de souffle.Explosive munition according to claim 5, characterized in that the second initiator (15) is arranged in the vicinity of the first shell (8a), the initiation of this second initiator ensuring the explosion of the loading with a blast effect. Munition explosive selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un revêtement concave (14) disposé au niveau d'une première extrémité de l'enveloppe (3) et appliqué sur le chargement explosif (2), le deuxième initiateur (15) étant disposé au voisinage d'une deuxième extrémité de l'enveloppe (3).Explosive munition according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a concave coating (14) arranged at a first end of the envelope (3) and applied to the explosive charge (2), the second initiator (15). ) being disposed adjacent a second end of the casing (3). Munition explosive selon les revendications 6 et 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins trois initiateurs (7,15,22), un (22) disposé au voisinage de la première coquille (8a), un autre (7) disposé au voisinage de la deuxième coquille (8b) et un autre (15) disposé au voisinage d'une extrémité de l'enveloppe (3).Explosive munition according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that it comprises at least three initiators (7, 15, 22), one (22) disposed in the vicinity of the first shell (8a), another (7) disposed in the adjacent the second shell (8b) and another (15) disposed adjacent an end of the casing (3). Munition selon une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisée en ce que les initiateurs (7,15,22) sont reliés à un moyen de commande permettant le choix de l'un ou l'autre des initiateurs.Ammunition according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the initiators (7, 15, 22) are connected to a control means allowing the choice of one or the other of the initiators. Munition selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le chargement explosif (2) est délimité par deux plans (21a,21b) et par la première coquille (8a), l'espace séparant la deuxième coquille (8b) et les deux plans (21a,21b) étant occupé par un calage (20a,20b) et/ou un dispositif de sécurité et d'armement.Ammunition according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the explosive charge (2) is delimited by two planes (21a, 21b) and the first shell (8a), the space separating the second shell (8b) and the two planes (21a, 21b) being occupied by a wedge (20a, 20b) and / or a safety and arming device.
EP02292384A 2001-10-12 2002-09-27 High explosive projectile Expired - Lifetime EP1302741B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0113232A FR2830931B1 (en) 2001-10-12 2001-10-12 EXPLOSIVE AMMUNITION
FR0113232 2001-10-12

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EP1302741A1 true EP1302741A1 (en) 2003-04-16
EP1302741B1 EP1302741B1 (en) 2004-12-29

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EP (1) EP1302741B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE286236T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60202419T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2830931B1 (en)

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US8528480B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2013-09-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Warhead

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008010706A1 (en) 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh explosive projectile
DE102008010707A1 (en) 2008-02-22 2009-08-27 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Explosive projectile and method for its production
DE102009016147A1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-10-07 Rheinmetall Soldier Electronics Gmbh Demountable projectile for use in weapon barrel of weapon system, is demounted into two projectile parts after firing target location, where projectile parts are connected with each other by multiple connecting elements

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US3731633A (en) * 1966-10-05 1973-05-08 Us Air Force Air-to-surface missile
US3750587A (en) * 1971-09-23 1973-08-07 Foerenade Fabriksverken Projectile having changeable outer form
FR2641070A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-29 Diehl Gmbh & Co
US5544589A (en) 1991-09-06 1996-08-13 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Ag Fragmentation warhead
WO1997013115A1 (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-10 Bofors Ab Arrangement for combating air targets

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3731633A (en) * 1966-10-05 1973-05-08 Us Air Force Air-to-surface missile
US3646888A (en) * 1969-03-27 1972-03-07 Explosive Tech Aerodynamic directional grenade, launcher therefor and weapons system utilizing the same
US3750587A (en) * 1971-09-23 1973-08-07 Foerenade Fabriksverken Projectile having changeable outer form
FR2641070A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-29 Diehl Gmbh & Co
US5544589A (en) 1991-09-06 1996-08-13 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Ag Fragmentation warhead
WO1997013115A1 (en) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-10 Bofors Ab Arrangement for combating air targets

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8528480B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2013-09-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Warhead

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1302741B1 (en) 2004-12-29
DE60202419D1 (en) 2005-02-03
FR2830931B1 (en) 2004-04-02
ATE286236T1 (en) 2005-01-15
FR2830931A1 (en) 2003-04-18
DE60202419T2 (en) 2006-05-04

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