EP1577635B1 - Ignition system for two explosive charges and warhead which uses such an ignition system - Google Patents

Ignition system for two explosive charges and warhead which uses such an ignition system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1577635B1
EP1577635B1 EP05290406A EP05290406A EP1577635B1 EP 1577635 B1 EP1577635 B1 EP 1577635B1 EP 05290406 A EP05290406 A EP 05290406A EP 05290406 A EP05290406 A EP 05290406A EP 1577635 B1 EP1577635 B1 EP 1577635B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
booster
relay
detonator
charge
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Not-in-force
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EP05290406A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1577635A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Paul Duparc
Michel Vives
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Publication of EP1577635A1 publication Critical patent/EP1577635A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/095—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed around a warhead, one of the primers or detonators being selected for directional detonation effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0838—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
    • F42C19/0842—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed within a warhead, for multiple mode selection

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of devices for the initiation of at least two explosive charges from a first detonator.
  • an explosive charge for ammunition comprising an explosive composition and pyrotechnic relays arranged at different points of initiation of the pyrotechnic composition.
  • the relays are all connected to a primer by cords all having the same length to allow simultaneous initiation.
  • This solution is poorly suited to the design of an initiation device for a munition, for example for a warhead generating chips.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple, compact and reliable initiation device of a simple design that makes it possible to initiate two explosive charges (in particular a munition) from a first detonator.
  • the invention relates to a device for initiating at least two explosive charges from a first detonator, characterized in that it comprises at least a first pyrotechnic relay which is initiated by the detonator, first relay which initiates on the one hand a first explosive charge by the projection thereon of an envelope and which is connected on the other hand to a second explosive charge by at least one detonation wave transmission relay, the path of the projected envelope having a length such that the initiation of the two explosive charges is simultaneous.
  • the first relay is cylindrical and surrounded by an envelope also cylindrical, the projection of the envelope being through an annular cavity arranged in the first explosive charge.
  • these focused spray heads are obtained by simultaneously initiating the head at both ends thereof.
  • an initiation is simultaneous when the difference between the two initiations is less than or equal to 2 micro seconds.
  • Known solutions implement initiators arranged at each of the end faces of the warhead and controlled from a single electronic priming device.
  • the invention therefore also aims to provide a military head design simple, compact and reliable and, thanks to the initiation device according to the invention can optionally operate in two different modes.
  • the subject of the invention is also a splinter-generating warhead using an initiation device as described above, characterized in that it comprises a block of a charging explosive which can be initiated at one or the other of its ends by a first and / or a second explosive charge initiation, the first initiation charge can be initiated by the projection of a casing surrounding the first relay and the second explosive initiation charge can also be initiated via at least one transmission relay detonation wave connecting it to the first relay.
  • the explosive charge unit may include an axial channel within which the detonation wave transmission relay will pass.
  • the warhead generating chips according to the invention may comprise an insulating sheath disposed in the axial channel and surrounding the transmission relay.
  • the head may include a first detonator arranged so as to initiate the first relay, the first detonator that will be activated by a firing rocket.
  • the first explosive initiation charge may be directly initiated by a second ignition means separate from the first relay.
  • the second priming means may comprise at least three detonator primers regularly distributed angularly and arranged opposite a ring of the first explosive charge.
  • a military head 1 comprises a block 2 of a charging explosive disposed in a casing 3 generating shards.
  • the envelope 3 is closed at each end by a cover 4a, 4b.
  • the explosive block 2 comprises at each of its ends a cavity 5a, 5b which receives an explosive charge of initiation 6a, 6b.
  • the block 2 further comprises an axial channel 7 which connects the two cavities 5a and 5b.
  • the first cavity 5a contains a tablet of a first explosive initiation charge 6a.
  • This first charge is constituted for example by a relatively insensitive explosive such as an explosive combining triamino trinitrobenzene and a thermoplastic binder, explosive as described by the FR2671549 .
  • This first load 6a comprises a cylindrical housing 8 inside which is placed a first detonation relay 9a, itself arranged opposite a first detonator 10a.
  • Relay 9a will be constituted for example by an explosive combining hexogen and wax. This relay is cylindrical and coaxial with the housing 8.
  • the detonator 10a is connected by a wired connection to a firing rocket 14.
  • the first relay 9a is surrounded by a cylindrical shell 11, for example metal, and which is intended to be projected radially against the inner cylindrical wall of the housing 8 during the initiation of the first relay 9a.
  • the space 12 separating the envelope 11 and the first load 6a may be empty or filled by an annular layer of compressible synthetic foam.
  • the projection of the envelope 11 thus ensures the initiation of the first load 6a by the first relay 9a with a delay which depends on the diameter of the housing 8, the nature and the thickness of the envelope 11 and the presence or absence of a compressible material inside the space 12.
  • a washer 21 (for example metal) is interposed between the end of the relay 9a and the explosive initiation charge 6a. This washer makes it possible to avoid a direct axial initiation of the load 6a by the relay 9a.
  • the second explosive initiation charge 6b has the same composition as the first charge 6a. It is also initiated by a second detonation relay 9b which is itself initiated by the first relay 9a and through a detonation wave transmission relay 13, interposed between the two relays 9a and 9b.
  • Transmission relays are well known to those skilled in the art. They generally comprise a plastic tube 13a containing a thin layer of explosive and carrying at each end a relay 13b, 13c.
  • cords provide a detonation wave transmission between two relays with a speed of the order of 7000 m / s.
  • the cord 13 is separated from the explosive block 2 by an insulating sheath 15 which is arranged in the axial channel 7 and which surrounds the transmission relay 13.
  • This sheath is made for example of plastic. Its function is to protect the explosive block 2 against projections from the cord 13.
  • the first explosive initiation charge 6a can be directly initiated by a second ignition means separate from the first relay 9a.
  • This second priming means here comprises at least three detonator primers 10b, uniformly distributed angularly, and arranged facing a ring 16 of the first explosive charge 6a.
  • the three peripheral detonators 10b are worn (just like the first detonator 10a) by a support 17 secured to the cover 4a. They are connected (like the detonator 10a) to the fuse rocket 14 by wired links.
  • the figure 2a shows a functioning, of the military head 1 in "sheaf of focused flashes" mode.
  • the firing rocket then controls the initiation of the axial detonator 10a.
  • the first relay 9a is then initiated and it initiates in turn the second explosive charge 6b through the transmission relay 13 and the second relay 9b.
  • the initiation of the first relay 9a causes the envelope 11 to be projected through the space 12.
  • This envelope impacts against the internal cylindrical surface of the housing 8. The shock then causes the initiation of the first explosive charge 6a.
  • the projection speed of the envelope 11 is of the order of 2000 m / s while the detonation speed through the transmission relay 13 and the second relay 9b is of the order of 7000 m / s.
  • the path to be traveled by the projected envelope 11 is much smaller than the path to be traveled by the detonation wave driven by the axial relay 13.
  • initiation of two charges is simultaneous when the difference between the two initiations is less than or equal to 2 micro seconds.
  • the explosive block 2 is initiated at both ends and two detonation wave fronts 18a and 18b propagate in the explosive block 2 in directions converging towards a median plane 19, leading to a projection of the splinters of the envelope 3 towards this median plane 19 (the arrows E schematize the projection speeds of the chips).
  • the figure 2b shows the operation of the military head 1 in "scattered sheaf" mode.
  • the firing rocket 14 then controls the initiation of the ring of peripheral detonators 10b.
  • detonators then directly initiate the first explosive charge 6a.
  • the first relay 9a is not initiated.
  • a single detonation wavefront 18c then progresses in the explosive block 2. This results in a dispersion of the fragments in a relatively homogeneous manner in a cylindrical volume around the axis 20 of the warhead.
  • peripheral detonators 10b by a priming device having only one axial detonator 10a and a movable screen (not shown) that can be placed in the housing 8, interposed between the envelope 11 and the first explosive charge 6a.
  • the detonator When the detonator is initiated, it then controls the initiation of the second explosive charge 6b via the transmission relay 13 and the second relay 9b.
  • the envelope 11 can not be projected on the first explosive charge 6a.
  • the explosive block 2 is thus initiated only from one end by the second explosive charge 6b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a pyrotechnic relay (9a) initiated by a detonator (10a). The relay initiates one blasting charge (6a) by projecting a casing (11), surrounding the relay, against an inner wall of a housing (8) of the charge. The relay is connected to another blasting charge (6b) by a detonation wave transmission relay (13). The projected casing has a length such that the initiation of both the blasting charges is concurrent. An independent claim is also included for a warhead for generating fire.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs permettant l'initiation d'au moins deux charges explosives à partir d'un premier détonateur.The technical field of the invention is that of devices for the initiation of at least two explosive charges from a first detonator.

Il est connu, par exemple dans le domaine des explosifs pour les carrières, d'initier plusieurs charges explosives à partir d'un seul détonateur. Ce détonateur est relié aux différentes charges explosives par des cordeaux de transmission d'onde de détonation.It is known, for example in the field of explosives for quarries, to initiate several explosive charges from a single detonator. This detonator is connected to the different explosive charges by detonation wave transmission lines.

On connaît également par le brevet EP 0138 640 (base pour le préambule de la revendication 1) une charge explosive pour munition comportant une composition explosive et des relais pyrotechniques disposés à différents points d'initiation de la composition pyrotechnique. Les relais sont tous reliés à une amorce par des cordeaux ayant tous la même longueur afin de permettre une initiation simultanée.Also known by the EP 0138 640 (base for the preamble of claim 1) an explosive charge for ammunition comprising an explosive composition and pyrotechnic relays arranged at different points of initiation of the pyrotechnic composition. The relays are all connected to a primer by cords all having the same length to allow simultaneous initiation.

Avec une telle solution, si l'on souhaite initier les différentes charges d'une façon simultanée, il est nécessaire de prévoir des longueurs de cordeaux identiques entre le détonateur et les différentes charges explosives.With such a solution, if it is desired to initiate the different charges in a simultaneous manner, it is necessary to provide identical lengths of cord between the detonator and the various explosive charges.

Cette solution est mal adaptée à la conception d'un dispositif d'initiation pour une munition, par exemple pour une tête militaire génératrice d'éclats.This solution is poorly suited to the design of an initiation device for a munition, for example for a warhead generating chips.

En effet il est nécessaire alors de loger des longueurs de cordeaux importantes au voisinage du chargement explosif de la munition.Indeed it is necessary then to house long lengths of cord in the vicinity of the explosive charge of the ammunition.

L'invention a pour objet de proposer un dispositif d'initiation de conception simple, compacte et fiable permettant d'assurer l'initiation de deux charges explosives (notamment d'une munition) à partir d'un premier détonateur.The object of the invention is to provide a simple, compact and reliable initiation device of a simple design that makes it possible to initiate two explosive charges (in particular a munition) from a first detonator.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un dispositif permettant l'initiation d'au moins deux charges explosives à partir d'un premier détonateur, dispositif caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un premier relais pyrotechnique qui est initié par le détonateur, premier relais qui initie d'une part une première charge explosive par la projection sur celle ci d'une enveloppe et qui est relié d'autre part à une deuxième charge explosive par au moins un relais de transmission d'onde de détonation, le parcours de l'enveloppe projetée ayant une longueur telle que l'initiation des deux charges explosives est simultanée.Thus the invention relates to a device for initiating at least two explosive charges from a first detonator, characterized in that it comprises at least a first pyrotechnic relay which is initiated by the detonator, first relay which initiates on the one hand a first explosive charge by the projection thereon of an envelope and which is connected on the other hand to a second explosive charge by at least one detonation wave transmission relay, the path of the projected envelope having a length such that the initiation of the two explosive charges is simultaneous.

Avantageusement le premier relais sera cylindrique et entouré par une enveloppe également cylindrique, la projection de l'enveloppe se faisant au travers d'une cavité annulaire aménagée dans la première charge explosive.Advantageously, the first relay is cylindrical and surrounded by an envelope also cylindrical, the projection of the envelope being through an annular cavity arranged in the first explosive charge.

Par ailleurs il est nécessaire aujourd'hui de concevoir des têtes militaires génératrices d'éclats pouvant avoir plusieurs modes de fonctionnements différents, programmables en fonction des besoins opérationnels.Moreover, it is necessary today to design military heads generating splinters that can have several different modes of operation, programmable according to operational needs.

On cherche par exemple à réaliser des têtes qui, pour pouvoir détruire une cible renforcée (par exemple une ogive de missile), engendrent une gerbe d'éclats qui est focalisée au voisinage d'un plan radial de la tête militaire. D'une façon classique ces têtes à gerbe focalisée sont obtenues en initiant d'une façon simultanée la tête à ses deux extrémités. On considèrera qu'une initiation est simultanée lorsque l'écart entre les deux initiations est inférieur ou égal à 2 micro secondes.One seeks for example to make heads which, to be able to destroy a reinforced target (for example a missile ogive), generate a sheaf of splinters which is focused in the vicinity of a radial plane of the military head. In a conventional manner these focused spray heads are obtained by simultaneously initiating the head at both ends thereof. We consider that an initiation is simultaneous when the difference between the two initiations is less than or equal to 2 micro seconds.

Pour pouvoir détruire les cibles peu protégées (tels des postes de commandement ou des relais de communications) ces mêmes têtes militaires doivent par ailleurs pouvoir engendrer une gerbe d'éclats omnidirectionnelle. Il est classique de réaliser une telle gerbe par une initiation de la tête au niveau d'une seule de ses extrémités.To be able to destroy the poorly protected targets (such as command posts or communications relays) these same military heads must also be able to generate a sheaf of omnidirectional shrapnel. It is conventional to make such a shower by an initiation of the head at one of its ends.

Les solutions connues mettent en oeuvre des initiateurs disposés au niveau de chacune des faces d'extrémité de la tête militaire et commandés à partir d'un seul dispositif d'amorçage électronique.Known solutions implement initiators arranged at each of the end faces of the warhead and controlled from a single electronic priming device.

Ces solutions imposent de réaliser des connexions électriques complexes. Par ailleurs la fiabilité de la simultanéité de l'amorçage est tributaire alors de plusieurs facteurs : la fiabilité du système électronique commandant l'initiation simultanée et la fiabilité de deux initiateurs.These solutions require complex electrical connections. Moreover, the reliability of the simultaneity of the priming is then dependent on several factors: the reliability of the electronic system controlling the simultaneous initiation and the reliability of two initiators.

L'invention a donc également pour objet de proposer une tête militaire de conception simple, compacte et fiable et qui, grâce au dispositif d'initiation selon l'invention peut au choix fonctionner suivant deux modes différents.The invention therefore also aims to provide a military head design simple, compact and reliable and, thanks to the initiation device according to the invention can optionally operate in two different modes.

Ainsi invention a également pour objet une tête militaire génératrice d'éclats mettant en oeuvre un dispositif d'initiation tel que décrit précédemment, tête caractérisé en ce qu'elle comprend un bloc d'un explosif de chargement pouvant être initié à l'une ou l'autre de ses extrémités par une première et/ou une deuxième charge explosive d'initiation, la première charge d'initiation pouvant être initiée par la projection d'une enveloppe entourant le premier relais et la deuxième charge explosive d'initiation pouvant être par ailleurs initiée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un relais de transmission d'onde de détonation la reliant au premier relais.Thus, the subject of the invention is also a splinter-generating warhead using an initiation device as described above, characterized in that it comprises a block of a charging explosive which can be initiated at one or the other of its ends by a first and / or a second explosive charge initiation, the first initiation charge can be initiated by the projection of a casing surrounding the first relay and the second explosive initiation charge can also be initiated via at least one transmission relay detonation wave connecting it to the first relay.

Le bloc d'explosif de chargement pourra comporter un canal axial à l'intérieur duquel passera le relais de transmission d'onde de détonation.The explosive charge unit may include an axial channel within which the detonation wave transmission relay will pass.

La tête militaire génératrice d'éclats selon l'invention pourra comporter une gaine isolante disposée dans le canal axial et entourant le relais de transmission.The warhead generating chips according to the invention may comprise an insulating sheath disposed in the axial channel and surrounding the transmission relay.

La tête pourra comprendre un premier détonateur disposé de façon à pouvoir initier le premier relais, premier détonateur qui sera actionné par une fusée d'amorçage.The head may include a first detonator arranged so as to initiate the first relay, the first detonator that will be activated by a firing rocket.

Selon une variante, la première charge explosive d'initiation pourra être directement initiée par un deuxième moyen d'amorçage distinct du premier relais.According to a variant, the first explosive initiation charge may be directly initiated by a second ignition means separate from the first relay.

Le deuxième moyen d'amorçage pourra comprendre au moins trois amorces détonateurs régulièrement réparties angulairement et disposées en regard d'une couronne de la première charge explosive.The second priming means may comprise at least three detonator primers regularly distributed angularly and arranged opposite a ring of the first explosive charge.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'une tête militaire selon l'invention mettant en oeuvre le dispositif d'initiation selon l'invention,
  • les figures 2a et 2b sont deux vues schématisant le fonctionnement de la tête militaire selon l'invention respectivement en mode gerbe d'éclats focalisée et en mode gerbe d'éclats dispersée.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, a description given with reference to the appended drawings and in which:
  • the figure 1 is a sectional view of a military head according to the invention embodying the initiation device according to the invention,
  • the Figures 2a and 2b are two views schematizing the operation of the military head according to the invention respectively in sheaf mode of focused flashes and scattered sheaf pattern mode.

En se reportant à la figure 1, une tête militaire 1 selon l'invention comprend un bloc 2 d'un explosif de chargement disposé dans une enveloppe 3 génératrice d'éclats. L'enveloppe 3 est fermée à chaque extrémité par un couvercle 4a, 4b. Le bloc explosif 2 comporte à chacune de ses extrémités une cavité 5a, 5b qui reçoit une charge explosive d'initiation 6a, 6b.Referring to the figure 1 , a military head 1 according to the invention comprises a block 2 of a charging explosive disposed in a casing 3 generating shards. The envelope 3 is closed at each end by a cover 4a, 4b. The explosive block 2 comprises at each of its ends a cavity 5a, 5b which receives an explosive charge of initiation 6a, 6b.

Le bloc 2 comporte par ailleurs un canal axial 7 qui relie les deux cavités 5a et 5b.The block 2 further comprises an axial channel 7 which connects the two cavities 5a and 5b.

La première cavité 5a renferme un comprimé d'une première charge explosive d'initiation 6a. Cette première charge est constituée par exemple par un explosif relativement peu sensible tel qu'un explosif associant le triamino trinitrobenzène et un liant thermoplastique, explosif tel que décrit par le brevet FR2671549 . Cette première charge 6a comporte un logement cylindrique 8 à l'intérieur duquel est placé un premier relais de détonation 9a, lui-même disposé en regard d'un premier détonateur 10a. Le relais 9a sera constitué par exemple par un explosif associant hexogène et cire. Ce relais est cylindrique et coaxial au logement 8.The first cavity 5a contains a tablet of a first explosive initiation charge 6a. This first charge is constituted for example by a relatively insensitive explosive such as an explosive combining triamino trinitrobenzene and a thermoplastic binder, explosive as described by the FR2671549 . This first load 6a comprises a cylindrical housing 8 inside which is placed a first detonation relay 9a, itself arranged opposite a first detonator 10a. Relay 9a will be constituted for example by an explosive combining hexogen and wax. This relay is cylindrical and coaxial with the housing 8.

Le détonateur 10a est relié par une connexion filaire à une fusée d'amorçage 14.The detonator 10a is connected by a wired connection to a firing rocket 14.

Le premier relais 9a est entouré d'une enveloppe 11 cylindrique, par exemple métallique, et qui est destinée à être projetée radialement contre la paroi cylindrique interne du logement 8 lors de l'initiation du premier relais 9a. L'espace 12 séparant l'enveloppe 11 et la première charge 6a pourra être vide ou bien rempli par une couche annulaire de mousse synthétique compressible.The first relay 9a is surrounded by a cylindrical shell 11, for example metal, and which is intended to be projected radially against the inner cylindrical wall of the housing 8 during the initiation of the first relay 9a. The space 12 separating the envelope 11 and the first load 6a may be empty or filled by an annular layer of compressible synthetic foam.

La projection de l'enveloppe 11 assure ainsi l'initiation de la première charge 6a par le premier relais 9a avec un retard qui dépend du diamètre du logement 8, de la nature et de l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe 11 ainsi que de la présence ou non d'un matériau compressible à l'intérieur de l'espace 12.The projection of the envelope 11 thus ensures the initiation of the first load 6a by the first relay 9a with a delay which depends on the diameter of the housing 8, the nature and the thickness of the envelope 11 and the presence or absence of a compressible material inside the space 12.

De plus une rondelle 21 (par exemple métallique) est interposée entre l'extrémité du relais 9a et la charge explosive d'initiation 6a. Cette rondelle permet d'éviter une initiation axiale directe de la charge 6a par le relais 9a.In addition, a washer 21 (for example metal) is interposed between the end of the relay 9a and the explosive initiation charge 6a. This washer makes it possible to avoid a direct axial initiation of the load 6a by the relay 9a.

La deuxième charge explosive d'initiation 6b a la même composition que la première charge 6a. Elle est par ailleurs initiée par un deuxième relais de détonation 9b qui est lui-même initié par le premier relais 9a et par l'intermédiaire d'un relais de transmission d'onde de détonation 13, interposé entre les deux relais 9a et 9b.The second explosive initiation charge 6b has the same composition as the first charge 6a. It is also initiated by a second detonation relay 9b which is itself initiated by the first relay 9a and through a detonation wave transmission relay 13, interposed between the two relays 9a and 9b.

Les relais de transmission sont bien connus de l'Homme du Métier. Ils comprennent généralement un tube 13a en matière plastique renfermant une fine couche d'explosif et portant à chaque extrémité un relais 13b, 13c.Transmission relays are well known to those skilled in the art. They generally comprise a plastic tube 13a containing a thin layer of explosive and carrying at each end a relay 13b, 13c.

Ces cordeaux assurent une transmission d'onde de détonation entre deux relais avec une vitesse de l'ordre de 7000 m/s.These cords provide a detonation wave transmission between two relays with a speed of the order of 7000 m / s.

Le cordeau 13 est séparé du bloc d'explosif 2 par une gaine isolante 15 qui est disposée dans le canal axial 7 et qui entoure le relais de transmission 13.The cord 13 is separated from the explosive block 2 by an insulating sheath 15 which is arranged in the axial channel 7 and which surrounds the transmission relay 13.

Cette gaine est réalisée par exemple en matière plastique. Elle a pour fonction de protéger le bloc explosif 2 contre les projections issues du cordeau 13.This sheath is made for example of plastic. Its function is to protect the explosive block 2 against projections from the cord 13.

Selon une autre caractéristique de la tête militaire selon l'invention, la première charge explosive d'initiation 6a peut être directement initiée par un deuxième moyen d'amorçage distinct du premier relais 9a.According to another characteristic of the military head according to the invention, the first explosive initiation charge 6a can be directly initiated by a second ignition means separate from the first relay 9a.

Ce deuxième moyen d'amorçage comprend ici au moins trois amorces détonateurs 10b, régulièrement réparties angulairement, et disposées en regard d'une couronne 16 de la première charge explosive 6a.This second priming means here comprises at least three detonator primers 10b, uniformly distributed angularly, and arranged facing a ring 16 of the first explosive charge 6a.

Les trois détonateurs périphériques 10b sont portés (tout comme le premier détonateur 10a) par un support 17 solidaire du couvercle 4a. Elles sont reliées (comme le détonateur 10a) à la fusée d'amorçage 14 par des liaisons filaires.The three peripheral detonators 10b are worn (just like the first detonator 10a) by a support 17 secured to the cover 4a. They are connected (like the detonator 10a) to the fuse rocket 14 by wired links.

Le fonctionnement de la tête militaire 1 et de son dispositif d'initiation va être maintenant décrit en référence aux figures 2a et 2b.The operation of the warhead 1 and its initiation device will now be described with reference to the Figures 2a and 2b .

La figure 2a montre un fonctionnement, de la tête militaire 1 en mode "gerbe d'éclats focalisée". La fusée d'amorçage commande alors l'initiation du détonateur axial 10a.The figure 2a shows a functioning, of the military head 1 in "sheaf of focused flashes" mode. The firing rocket then controls the initiation of the axial detonator 10a.

Le premier relais 9a est alors initié et il initie à son tour la deuxième charge explosive 6b par l'intermédiaire du relais de transmission 13 et du deuxième relais 9b.The first relay 9a is then initiated and it initiates in turn the second explosive charge 6b through the transmission relay 13 and the second relay 9b.

Parallèlement l'initiation du premier relais 9a provoque la projection de l'enveloppe 11 au travers de l'espace 12.At the same time, the initiation of the first relay 9a causes the envelope 11 to be projected through the space 12.

Cette enveloppe impacte contre la surface cylindrique interne du logement 8. Le choc provoque alors l'initiation de la première charge explosive 6a.This envelope impacts against the internal cylindrical surface of the housing 8. The shock then causes the initiation of the first explosive charge 6a.

La vitesse de projection de l'enveloppe 11 est de l'ordre de 2000 m/s alors que la vitesse de détonation au travers du relais de transmission 13 et du deuxième relais 9b est de l'ordre de 7000 m/s. Or le chemin à parcourir par l'enveloppe 11 projetée est bien inférieur au chemin à parcourir par l'onde de détonation conduite par le relais axial 13.The projection speed of the envelope 11 is of the order of 2000 m / s while the detonation speed through the transmission relay 13 and the second relay 9b is of the order of 7000 m / s. However, the path to be traveled by the projected envelope 11 is much smaller than the path to be traveled by the detonation wave driven by the axial relay 13.

Du fait des écarts de vitesse, il est donc possible de dimensionner le dispositif de telle sorte qu'il y ait une initiation simultanée des deux charges explosives 6a et 6b.Because of the differences in speed, it is therefore possible to dimension the device so that there is a simultaneous initiation of the two explosive charges 6a and 6b.

On considèrera qu'une initiation de deux charges est simultanée lorsque l'écart entre les deux initiations est inférieur ou égal à 2 micro secondes.It will be considered that initiation of two charges is simultaneous when the difference between the two initiations is less than or equal to 2 micro seconds.

L'Homme du Métier dimensionnera aisément un tel dispositif d'initiation en jouant notamment sur le diamètre du logement 8, sur l'épaisseur de l'enveloppe projetée 11, sur la masse du premier relais 9a ainsi que sur la présence ou non d'un matériau de remplissage dans l'espace 12.Those skilled in the art will easily size such an initiation device by playing in particular on the diameter of the housing 8, on the thickness of the projected casing 11, on the mass of the first relay 9a as well as on the presence or absence of a filling material in the space 12.

Les deux charges explosives d'initiation 6a et 6b étant initiées simultanément, le bloc explosif 2 se trouve initié à ses deux extrémités et deux fronts d'ondes de détonation 18a et 18b se propagent dans le bloc explosif 2 suivant des directions qui convergent vers un plan médian 19, conduisant à une projection des éclats de l'enveloppe 3 en direction de ce plan médian 19 (les flèches E schématisent les vitesses de projection des éclats).As the two explosive initiation charges 6a and 6b are simultaneously initiated, the explosive block 2 is initiated at both ends and two detonation wave fronts 18a and 18b propagate in the explosive block 2 in directions converging towards a median plane 19, leading to a projection of the splinters of the envelope 3 towards this median plane 19 (the arrows E schematize the projection speeds of the chips).

La figure 2b montre le fonctionnement de la tête militaire 1 en mode "gerbe d'éclats dispersée". La fusée d'amorçage 14 commande alors l'initiation de la couronne de détonateurs périphériques 10b.The figure 2b shows the operation of the military head 1 in "scattered sheaf" mode. The firing rocket 14 then controls the initiation of the ring of peripheral detonators 10b.

Ces détonateurs initient alors directement la première charge explosive 6a. Le premier relais 9a n'est pas initié. Un seul front d'ondes de détonation 18c progresse alors dans le bloc explosif 2. Il en résulte une dispersion des éclats d'une façon relativement homogène dans un volume cylindrique autour de l'axe 20 de la tête militaire.These detonators then directly initiate the first explosive charge 6a. The first relay 9a is not initiated. A single detonation wavefront 18c then progresses in the explosive block 2. This results in a dispersion of the fragments in a relatively homogeneous manner in a cylindrical volume around the axis 20 of the warhead.

Différentes variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Different variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

Il est ainsi possible de remplacer les détonateurs périphériques 10b par un dispositif d'amorçage ne comportant qu'un seul détonateur axial 10a et un écran mobile (non représenté) susceptible de se placer dans le logement 8, interposé entre l'enveloppe 11 et la première charge explosive 6a.It is thus possible to replace the peripheral detonators 10b by a priming device having only one axial detonator 10a and a movable screen (not shown) that can be placed in the housing 8, interposed between the envelope 11 and the first explosive charge 6a.

Dans ce cas lorsque l'on veut faire fonctionner la tête militaire en mode "gerbe focalisée" on procède comme décrit précédemment en référence à la figure 2a.In this case when one wants to operate the military head mode "focused sheaf" is carried out as described above with reference to the figure 2a .

Lorsque l'on veut faire fonctionner la tête militaire en mode "gerbe dispersée" on positionne (avant l'initiation) l'écran dans le logement 8. Ce positionnement pourra être réalisé à l'aide d'un actionneur approprié (tel un moteur pas à pas).When one wants to operate the military head in "scattered spray" mode is positioned (before initiation) the screen in the housing 8. This positioning can be achieved with the aid of a suitable actuator (such as a motor step by step).

Lorsque le détonateur est initié, il commande alors l'initiation de la deuxième charge explosive 6b par l'intermédiaire du relais de transmission 13 et du deuxième relais 9b.When the detonator is initiated, it then controls the initiation of the second explosive charge 6b via the transmission relay 13 and the second relay 9b.

En raison de la présence de l'écran, l'enveloppe 11 ne peut être projetée sur la première charge explosive 6a. Le bloc explosif 2 ne se trouve donc initié qu'à partir d'une seule extrémité par la deuxième charge explosive 6b.Due to the presence of the screen, the envelope 11 can not be projected on the first explosive charge 6a. The explosive block 2 is thus initiated only from one end by the second explosive charge 6b.

Il en résulte une dispersion des éclats avec une orientation qui est la symétrique par rapport à un plan médian 19 de celle qui est représentée figure 2b.This results in a dispersion of the chips with an orientation which is symmetrical with respect to a median plane 19 of that which is represented figure 2b .

Claims (8)

  1. A device enabling the ignition of at least two explosive charges (6a, 6b) using a first detonator (10a), device characterised in that it comprises at least a first pyrotechnic booster (9a) that may be ignited by the detonator (10a), a first booster that firstly ignites a first explosive charge (6a) by projecting a casing (11) onto it and which is secondly connected to a second explosive charge (6b) by at least one detonation wave transmission booster (13), the path of the projected casing (11) is of a length such that the ignition of both explosive charges (6a, 6b) is practically simultaneous.
  2. An ignition device according to one of Claim 1, characterised in that the first booster (9a) is cylindrical and surrounded by a casing (11), also cylindrical, the projection of the casing (11) occurring through an annular cavity (12) arranged in the first explosive charge (6a).
  3. A splinter-generating warhead (1) implementing an ignition device according to one of the above Claims, warhead characterised in that it comprises a block of loading explosive (2) able to be ignited at one of its ends or the other by a first (6a) and/or second (6b) igniting explosive charge, the first igniting charge (6a) being able to be ignited by the projection of a casing (11) surrounding the first booster (9a) and the second igniting explosive charge (6b) being able to be ignited by means of at least one detonation wave transmission booster (13) connecting it to the first booster (9a).
  4. A splinter-generating warhead according to Claim 3, characterised in that the loading explosive block (2) incorporates an axial channel (7) inside which the detonation wave transmission relay (13) passes.
  5. A splinter-generating warhead according to Claim 4, characterised in that it incorporates an insulating sheath (15) placed in the axial channel (7) and surrounding the transmission booster (13).
  6. A splinter-generating warhead according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterised in that it comprises a first detonator (10a) placed so as to be able to ignite the first booster (9a), such first detonator being activated by a priming fuse (14).
  7. A splinter-generating warhead according to Claim 6, characterised in that the first igniting explosive charge (6a) may be directly ignited by a second priming means (10b) separate from the first booster (9a).
  8. A splinter-generating warhead according to Claim 8, characterised in that the second priming means comprise at least three detonating primers (10b) evenly spaced angularly and arranged opposite a crown (16) of the first explosive charge (6a).
EP05290406A 2004-03-18 2005-02-23 Ignition system for two explosive charges and warhead which uses such an ignition system Not-in-force EP1577635B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0402890A FR2867848B1 (en) 2004-03-18 2004-03-18 DEVICE FOR INITIATION OF TWO EXPLOSIVE LOADS AND MILITARY HEAD USING SUCH AN INITIATION DEVICE
FR0402890 2004-03-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1577635A1 EP1577635A1 (en) 2005-09-21
EP1577635B1 true EP1577635B1 (en) 2010-05-26

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05290406A Not-in-force EP1577635B1 (en) 2004-03-18 2005-02-23 Ignition system for two explosive charges and warhead which uses such an ignition system

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US20050241521A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1577635B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE469334T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602005021420D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2346663T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2867848B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2896577B1 (en) * 2006-01-24 2010-08-20 Giat Ind Sa STARTING DEVICE FOR MULTI-MODE LOAD
DE102006018687A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-11-08 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Switchable charge
DE102019126466A1 (en) * 2019-10-01 2021-04-01 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Active body and method for igniting an active body

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US6622632B1 (en) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Polar ejection angle control for fragmenting warheads

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20050241521A1 (en) 2005-11-03
FR2867848A1 (en) 2005-09-23
ATE469334T1 (en) 2010-06-15
ES2346663T3 (en) 2010-10-19
EP1577635A1 (en) 2005-09-21
DE602005021420D1 (en) 2010-07-08
FR2867848B1 (en) 2006-04-28

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