EP1301442A1 - Introduction de combustible gazeux avec reduction de la formation d'azote dans des orifices d'air a combustion de fours a bassin - Google Patents

Introduction de combustible gazeux avec reduction de la formation d'azote dans des orifices d'air a combustion de fours a bassin

Info

Publication number
EP1301442A1
EP1301442A1 EP01951653A EP01951653A EP1301442A1 EP 1301442 A1 EP1301442 A1 EP 1301442A1 EP 01951653 A EP01951653 A EP 01951653A EP 01951653 A EP01951653 A EP 01951653A EP 1301442 A1 EP1301442 A1 EP 1301442A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion air
gas
port
wall segment
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01951653A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Hegewald
Peter Hemmann
Helmut Heelemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Software & Technologie Glas Cottbus GmbH
Original Assignee
Software & Technologie Glas Cottbus GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10044237A external-priority patent/DE10044237A1/de
Application filed by Software & Technologie Glas Cottbus GmbH filed Critical Software & Technologie Glas Cottbus GmbH
Publication of EP1301442A1 publication Critical patent/EP1301442A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/02—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in air inlets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • C03B5/237—Regenerators or recuperators specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a so-called primary measure for NOx reduction, in particular methods and associated devices for NOx reduction on flames from fossil-heated glass melting tanks.
  • simplification and in the narrower sense are measures that are used within the furnace to reduce the formation of NOx.
  • the invention relates to fire control measures for NOx reduction.
  • the suppression of NOx formation is essentially based on the fact that the combustion of atmospheric nitrogen and atmospheric oxygen to NOx that begins at high temperatures is reduced.
  • the local concentration product of oxygen and nitrogen, with which the NOx formation increases, is materially important.
  • Thermally the temperature of the flame is essential, especially at the flame root.
  • Starting points of the NOx reduction for the first aspect are the air preheating temperature of the combustion air, the cold "secondary air", the (local) fuel-air ratio, and the composition of the air, ie its exhaust gas, N2 and O2 content.
  • Exhaust gas recirculation also lowers the local concentration product of oxygen and nitrogen.
  • the second reduction aspect is used and the ignition is slowed down, which has a temperature-reducing influence.
  • the ignition is slowed down, which has a temperature-reducing influence.
  • the carburizing stage and cascade firing of the second generation have in common that fuel gas is introduced into the space of an air flow shadow of steps or thresholds, which is arranged on the step facing away from the air inflow side.
  • the level is marked as a negative Level jump of the port floor in the direction of air flow.
  • the main difference between the carburization stage and the second generation cascade is that all or only some of the fuel gas is used behind this threshold / stage.
  • Firing under bench with an increased distance between fuel and air intake is a professional measure that has been created by comparing different furnace designs.
  • the number of flames is often reduced, which proportionally reduces the space of particularly hot or even adiabatic flame zones, which are a major source of NOx.
  • Burner control actions have too little influence, both within the scope of common, as well as innovative and technologically sensible target parameters.
  • the device once carried out by furnace construction, is not very flexible.
  • the slant flame method according to DE 195 20 649 A1 which is effective for NOx reduction and increased performance, cannot be transferred to systems equipped in this way.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to develop methods and devices for an effective nitrogen oxide-reduced introduction of fuel gas into combustion air ports of glass melting furnaces, which largely solve the problems associated with the above-mentioned methods and devices and essentially for all types of furnaces, in particular also those relating to the NOx reduction critical cross flame pan with side burner arrangement are suitable and can be used effectively.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by the method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 and associated devices according to claim 6, 15 and 20.
  • a gas jet is preferably introduced into the foot zone of a flow barrier or a flow obstacle exposed to the air flow in an amount that is between 1 and 5% of the fuel flow of the combustion air port in question.
  • a device relates to a protective device against combustion air flow in the immediate area of the introduction of fuel within a combustion air port of glass melting tanks, designed as a so-called flame root screen, and is characterized by a wall segment which blocks the air path and forms a solid angle closed on three sides with the port floor and a port side wall.
  • the wall segment according to the invention has a length which is significantly shorter than half the width of the port base, is arranged essentially perpendicular to the port side wall and points into the combustion air port, and its greatest height compared to the lower mat line of the idealized fuel gas free jet is approximately equal to or greater than the sum of the diameter of the fuel gas inlet and 1/3 the length of the wall segment.
  • the Wall segment is advantageously formed with a large wall thickness, the wide wall crown of the air segment blocking wall segment having a flat rise of approximately 10 °, which is measured in the air flow direction against the plane of the port floor.
  • the apex of the crown of the wall segment is modeled in the flow direction of the combustion air of a vertically flat projection of a gas free jet.
  • the apex preferably has a continuous or stepped increase of approximately 20 ° from the port side wall to its distal end.
  • the vertical end face of the wall segment facing the center of the port can have a calming surface at least over the greater part of its width, which is angled in the air flow direction by approximately 10 °, so that it forms a constriction with the equally angled end face of the opposite wall segment.
  • a gas-dynamic increase in the combustion air over the wall segment is achieved by refitting the side of the wall segment facing the air flow with refractory material, so that the incoming air initially rises by approximately 10 ° to 30 ° and on the way over the ramp in the end an increase of about 10 ° is forced.
  • the port floor can have a shaft that drops approximately 10 ° in the direction of flow of the combustion air and ends approximately at the wall segment.
  • the property right is also claimed for flame root shielding with gas-dynamic, turbulence-reducing raising of combustion air via a wall-shaped airway obstructing installation in the form of a wall segment within a combustion air port, which is characterized by the injection of recirculated or afterburned exhaust gas, preferably by means of a displacement lance according to the invention, into the Solid angle of the flame root screen formed by means of a wall segment on the side of the wall segment facing the air flow, in particular from the port side wall, the starting point of the injection being close to the spatial angle corner point, which is formed by the wall segment, port floor and port side wall on the combustion air flow side of the wall segment.
  • this exhaust gas injection forms the second gas dynamic component of the flame root shield according to the invention.
  • a preferred device for the turbulence-reducing raising of the combustion air via the combustion air flow barrier is characterized in that a displacement lance is arranged at the foot of the air flow side of the combustion air flow barrier.
  • the displacement lance is designed as a cylindrical lance lying approximately parallel to the port base, which has a feed for a gas mixture or a combustible gas on one end face and the other end face of which is closed and which is provided with at least one axial longitudinal slot for gas discharge.
  • the displacement lance and its gas discharge slots can be positioned and adjusted with respect to the combustion air flow barrier by means of axial displacement and radial rotation.
  • the displacement lance is a multi-walled tubular steel lance which is guided approximately perpendicularly through the port base, at least one coolant layer of circulating coolant being formed between two tubes of the lance, which has an outer gas supply jacket which is shortened compared to the lance and closed at the front and which is at the front closed end face has at least a radially oriented and radially widening gas outlet slot where the tubing of the coolant layer is interrupted.
  • the port base It is oriented and arranged essentially vertically through the port base in such a way that the fuel gas jet emerging from the lance emanates from the base of the combustion air flow barrier where the front edge of its end face in the air flow direction is directly exposed to the combustion air flow, the jet near the port base and is directed near the combustion air flow barrier to the port side wall to which the combustion air flow barrier has a connection.
  • the fuel is introduced within the combustion air port in the air-away flow shadow of the wall segment, in particular in the solid angle of the flame root screen, such that the fuel outlet is positioned so close to the origin of the space that starts from the flame root screen, that is open on three sides, that the circumference of the fuel jet is aligned Approximately touch the wall segment and the port floor.
  • a preferred device for the low-turbulence introduction of fuel gas to suppress intensive mixing of combustion air and fuel gas at the fuel gas inlet within the combustion air port is a gas burner, through which the gas jet is introduced into the combustion air port as a low-turbulence gas jet in itself by the outlet opening of the gas from the burner and / or burner nozzle block is designed in the form of a natural free jet, the burner and / or burner nozzle block continuously having the shape of a diffuser with an opening angle of approximately 20 ° as the gas outlet.
  • the outlet opening of the fuel in the solid angle lying in the flow shadow is preferably positioned and aligned in such a way that the circumferential line of the fuel jet at the entry into the combustion air port and / or the extended circumferential line of the outlet opening of the burner and / or burner nozzle block approximately affect the alignments of the wall segment and the port floor but do not overlap.
  • Suitable gas burners are preferably used to generate a free jet. These can be pure free-jet burners or gas burners which can be configured as free-jet or turbulence burners through actuating actions.
  • the latter gas burners are characterized in that the burner is provided with a cooling jacket and, in connection with a cylindrical gas supply pipe and forming the connection to the burner mouth, a long diffuser is arranged which has a free jet opening angle of 20 °, the burner having a minimum burner mouth diameter of approximately 50 mm open points, which is therefore much larger than the conventional burner, the burner is not followed by a nozzle block, but the direct fuel gas outlet into the furnace chamber is formed by the burner mouth itself.
  • the burner is preferably further characterized in that the gas supply to the long diffuser over a length of about five diameters of the gas supply pipe does not contain any fixtures or fittings introduced into this position by manipulations which would in particular impair the axis of the gas flow in the pipe.
  • the shield according to the invention is implemented in the most preferred embodiment by three elements.
  • the first is the mechanical flow protection through the wall segment, which radially completely covers the flame root, which in the axial course of the flame at the end of the wall segment abruptly releases the entire fuel jet for air mixing.
  • the second is the gas-dynamic elevation of the wall segment and the resulting horizontal leveling of the underside of the continuous air flow due to the preferably 10 ° increasing wall crown design.
  • the third is the turbulence suppression and turbulence-reducing increase of the combustion air by means of ramp-shaped wall segment components or exhaust gas filling of the vacuum chamber, which is formed by the solid angle on the air-flowing side of the wall segment, as a result of which the combustion air is smoothly and gas-dynamically lifted over the segment wall by the mechanically forced flow or by expanding exhaust gas ,
  • This exhaust gas can be supplied cold from the outside or formed in the port by fuel gas and air or exhaust gas.
  • the commercial application of the invention is particularly advantageous for those glass melting furnaces which have a lateral introduction of the fuel into the combustion air ports.
  • Such stoves certainly have advantages in their design, but have recently been put at risk because of their inferiority in primary NOx reduction as a promising solution.
  • the invention of the flame root screen is able to compensate for this disadvantage and also to make the advantages of the smaller number of burners of this type of furnace effective as a benefit of NOx reduction compared to the previously superior under bench-fired trays.
  • the device according to the invention has numerous advantages over the known prior art.
  • the carburizing effect of the flame root shielding according to the invention is small in comparison with carburization levels, a comparatively higher NOx reduction is achieved by the fact that the wall segment, which is kept small in terms of the design concept, for shielding the flame root in its construction without major side effects in all dimensions in a size appropriate to the needs, in particular higher, so that the shape of the flame root, which is understood as a free jet, is completely covered against direct air inflow.
  • the start reaction and mixing with air is only allowed completely at the end of the screen and not already partially in the upper areas of the flame root.
  • the fuel flow forms a sufficiently wide front, which is capable of exchanging enough heat by means of radiant heat to the environment due to the large surface area that the adiabatic temperatures usually caused by heat build-up are always avoided by conventional flame roots.
  • the wall crown rising according to the invention in the air flow direction forms an essential part Gas-dynamic contribution, because the air's demolition map favors its progressively horizontal plane spread.
  • the flame root shielding according to the invention at the root of the flame means that the construction of the flame is complete, but not complex, including the core of the flame, but at the same time only incompletely shielding, the mixing of fuel with air is effectively reduced and thereby Formation of a particularly hot or adiabatic temperature zone of the flame at the flame root is suppressed.
  • Adverse turbulence of the rise of air on the upstream side of the wall segment which is initially associated with the design of the wall as a result of the need to be retrofittable, becomes gas-dynamic through the introduction of recirculated, low-O2 exhaust gas or fuel gas in combination with exhaust gas or air into the upstream Vacuum area greatly reduced, so that the problem of this newly created second flow dead zone on the screen is mitigated by exhaust gas expanding there.
  • the amounts of fuel that may be used in advance for the purpose of exhaust gas production and air lifting, on the other hand are small and advantageously just large enough that the exhaust gas entrained by the air flow is continuously replaced in the vacuum chamber, which can be recognized by a minimum of NOx emissions.
  • An advantageous side effect of the third functional element is that exhaust gas is mixed in from the space in front of the wall segment by the suction effect of the air flowing over it into the lower layers of the combustion air before the air enters the reaction space after the screen.
  • the starting reaction is additionally reduced.
  • the exhaust gas filling of the inflow area at the flame root shield expediently only remedies a fluidic error in the already complete geometric protection of the entire flame root, which consists in the upstream, structurally caused, turbulence-causing inflow of the wall segment by continuously filling up the vacuum zone there and its gas dynamic influence Air flow diminishes.
  • the advantageous design of the displacement lance with axial gas outlet slots always ensures, even if it is operated with a small amount of fuel gas, relatively large and thus cold flame areas, so that little NOx is formed.
  • the low-pulse supply of exhaust gas takes place through the radial gas bursts directly into the vacuum zone in the foot area of the wall segment in a geometrically adapted form.
  • the fuel is injected by means of a free-jet burner in accordance with the invention at the flame root screen and turned away from the three space-forming walls at least about 10 ° in each case, the largest being the turning away from the port wall. Fluidically random ignitions at the flame root are particularly effectively avoided. It is advantageous that the wall segment does not require any ongoing operating expenses and that the flame root screen is functional even with this simple structure.
  • the device can be retrofitted to existing systems with little effort and that after its commissioning, additional NOx primary measures can also be used effectively for tubs with an intensive cross-mixing between fuel and combustion air.
  • additional NOx primary measures can also be used effectively for tubs with an intensive cross-mixing between fuel and combustion air.
  • other burners with a small gas pulse also have their NOx-reducing effect. Nozzle stone and burner are better thermally protected by the flame root shield.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the mechanical flame root shield according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the full flame root shield of the invention.
  • 3 shows the mechanical flame root shielding according to the invention with a combustion air lift with turbulence-reducing facing stone; 4 shows the introduction of exhaust gas into a wall segment according to the invention;
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a displacement lance according to the invention with a radially oriented fuel and air outlet
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of a displacement lance with radial gas discharge and its arrangement on the wall segment
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a combustion air port 1 of a float glass trough with the burners 3 arranged on the side.
  • the combustion air port 1 was equipped with a flame root shield according to the invention during operation.
  • stackable building blocks were arranged as wall segment 4 on the port floor 5 adjacent to the port side wall 11, which have a form-fitting profile on the inner bearing surfaces, transversely to the direction of the air flow 2 and in the air flow direction in front of the burner nozzle stones or the burner mouth 3a.
  • the burner 3 is arranged behind the wall segment 4 in the direction of combustion air flow.
  • the elongated axis of the burner nozzle stones or burner orifice 3a is turned away from the wall 4b of the wall segment 4, which is at the rear in the flow direction, in such a way that the plane angle is approximately 10 °, measured horizontally in the direction of the combustion air flow 2 against the wall 4b of the wall segment 4.
  • the same axis has a vertical rise of 10 °, measured against the level of the port floor 5.
  • So-called free jet gas burners can be used as the burner type, as disclosed in DE 19520650, or gas burners whose mouth itself forms the mouth instead of the burner nozzle bricks which are conventionally used subsequently on the burners. Such a burner is shown in Fig. 7 and will be described in more detail below.
  • the diameter of the opening 3a of the fuel is thus the opening of the burner.
  • its dimension is 95 mm
  • the width of the port is 1.5 m.
  • the dimensions of the wall segment 4 of the flame root shielding according to the invention are in the example: length 500 mm, width 250 mm, height 300 mm.
  • the height was accordingly determined as the sum of the diameter of the burner orifice 3a and 1/3 of the length of the wall segment 4, in the present case the elevated position of the burner orifice 3a had to be taken into account when calculating the height of the wall segment 4, that is, in terms of construction to compensate for any errors in the position of the burner mouth 3a with respect to the origin 10 of the wall segment 4, since in the example the fuel jet 8 does not affect the port base 5, in contrast to the preferred positioning according to the invention.
  • the lower edge of the burner mouth is 40 mm above the port base 5 and the lower surface line of the successive beam, which is assumed to be a free jet, is parallel to the port base 5, raised by this amount, above it.
  • the area at the upper surface line of the fuel jet 8 would otherwise be exposed to premature air mixing.
  • the wall segment 4 was therefore expediently made 40 mm higher.
  • the wall segment 4 has over its entire width a wall crown 4c which rises by 10 ° in relation to the port base 5 in the direction of the air flow 2.
  • the short overall length of the wall segments 4 arranged symmetrically opposite one another leaves a large section on the port base 5 free of internals which obstruct air flow. This section is kept free of carbon deposits by an intensified combustion air flow. There is therefore no quality risk for the melt that goes beyond that of conventional ports that have no flow restricting internals.
  • the entire fuel jet at the combustion air passage 7 is abruptly released for the combustion air to be mixed in.
  • the side wall 11 of the port is opened laterally next to the burner nozzle block or the burner mouth 3a, in order to insert the components from the side and by stacking them Add layers to port 1.
  • the port base 5 is sawn from below.
  • the floor cutout is then lowered, cleared and discarded using a lifting platform.
  • a new floor segment is built up with the wall segment 4 of the flame root screen on the lifting platform and with the help of it is lifted back into port 1 slightly below the level of the old port floor 5, or sunk into the new port floor segment, in order to prevent the wall segment from slipping on the Avoid port bottom 5 safely.
  • the process of sawing up the port floor is advantageous in terms of labor costs and labor difficulties.
  • the NOx formation is reduced by approximately 50%.
  • the fuel consumption is reduced, the vaulting temperature of the furnace is reduced, and thus less corrosion of the refractory material is achieved.
  • An increase in the melting capacity of the tub is also significant.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the flame root shield and, in comparison with FIG. 1, additionally equipped with the second gas dynamic component of the flame root shield in the form of turbulence-reducing combustion air elevation by introducing gas in front of the wall segment 4.
  • the wall segment located on the opposite port side wall has been omitted.
  • the device is expertly supplemented by a facing stone 13 on the lower layer of the wall segment 4, which is intended to reduce exhaust gas which draws off deeply and ineffectively and redirects it to the more effective upper paths. Furthermore, the firing jet side on the rear wall alignment 4b of the wall segment 4 is carried out in a professional manner.
  • FIG 3 a wall segment 4 is shown, in which the combustion air lift instead of the gas dynamic component by means of a mechanical device, e.g. turbulence-reducing facing stones 12 is realized, which are arranged in the flow direction of the air from the port base 5 continuously and continuously increasing by about 10 ° to the crown 4c of the wall segment 4.
  • a mechanical device e.g. turbulence-reducing facing stones 12
  • this solution has the disadvantages that no cheap concept or simple technology has yet been found for retrofitting the ports during operation, which means that it can only be used when the tub is new or cold repaired and is hardly accessible for simple repairs is.
  • FIG. 4 shows the introduction of exhaust gas into the wall segment 4 for the inventive gas dynamic combustion air lift.
  • the wall segment 4 is formed from suitably shaped wall segment modules 14, the upper wall segment module 14 being modified in such a way that its support web 14a is shortened on the side of the front wall surface 4a and does not rest positively on the lower wall segment module 14 and thus one Forms gas outlet slot 15 for the exhaust gas introduced through the wall through an exhaust gas supply 6.
  • the internal structure can be seen in FIG. 4 through a section of the wall segment 4, but the refractory layer of the wall segment 4 which closes at the end is not shown.
  • the exhaust gas is introduced into the upper wall segment module 14 of the wall segment 4 from the port side wall 11 by means of a configuration known per se, consisting of exhaust gas supply 6 and a known burner for flameless oxidation (not shown) with a ceramic burner tube.
  • a configuration known per se consisting of exhaust gas supply 6 and a known burner for flameless oxidation (not shown) with a ceramic burner tube.
  • An alternative to this is not shown, in which a compact wall segment is provided with a blind hole which has a lateral slot in a similar position to that shown in FIG. 4. During the fire period, fuel gas, exhaust gas or a combustible gas mixture is injected into the blind hole.
  • FIG. 5 shows the possible and advantageous embodiment of a displacement lance according to the invention with a radially oriented fuel and air discharge in a sectional view, the cold end 27 being shown rotated clockwise by 90 degrees in relation to the hot end 26 which is essential for the implementation of the method and the device.
  • An outer water circuit is fed via a cooling water inlet 20, which near the end plate 22 at the hot end 26 has a semi-cylindrical outer interruption in the tubing of the water cooling jacket. This interruption releases a radial fuel gas outlet 16 and a radial air outlet 17. In a plan view, not shown, these exits would be approximately semicircular.
  • the cooling water circuit is separated from the fuel gas outlet 16 by the jacket of a truncated cone segment 23, which at the same time characterizes the upper flank of the gas jet by deflecting the axial flow in the radial direction by approximately 50 °.
  • a diffuser segment 24 which in turn has a radial deflection of approximately 70 °, an exit angle is forced on the gas jet at the fuel gas outlet, which has an increase of 30 ° against the radial plane.
  • the slit-shaped opening itself has an opening angle of 20 ° and thus, if only partially, fulfills the criteria for forming a natural free jet in a section plane.
  • the radial air outlet 17 is also shaped according to the partial free jet criterion mentioned above through the underside of the diffuser segment 24 and a disk segment 25 downwards.
  • an air-free jet is layered under the gas-free jet, the lower jacket of which is parallel to the radial plane runs. This is essential for the process because in the installation situation the port floor also runs parallel to the radial plane and so the air is not directed against the port floor.
  • the flame that forms is calmed as best as possible by both free jets and at the same time is as close as possible to the port floor without being directed against it.
  • the cold end 27 has the fuel gas connection 18, the air connection 19, the cooling water supply 20 and the cooling water return 21 as media connections.
  • Cooling water supply and return are designed in the form of a half-shell in order to avoid high construction costs, which is disadvantageous in the case of an alternatively multi-jacket design.
  • the lance is preferably operated with similar gas pressures for fuel gas and atomizing air.
  • the air outlet in the example is shown to be of a similar size relative to the gas outlet. It is customary for carrying out the method that the smallest slit dimension of the air, which determines the passage, is several times larger than that of the fuel gas.
  • FIG. 6 shows the simple and descriptive illustration of a displacement lance 28 with axial slots 30 in a horizontal installation situation in the solid angle of the foot of a wall segment 4 on its side 4a exposed to the flow of combustion air 2.
  • the displacement lance 28 has two axial slots 30, which are directed against the incoming combustion air in such a way that the exhaust gas emerging from the slots 30 forms a gas-dynamic exhaust gas spoiler through the input pulse and the thermal gas expansion, which reduces the combustion air via the flow obstacle in the form of the turbulence Wall segment 4 lifts.
  • the setting of the lance position is simple because the lance is arranged so that it can be moved and rotated through the wall bore 29 on the cold side of the port side wall 11 (not shown).
  • FIG. 7 shows a possible embodiment of a burner for generating a fuel gas free jet, as is preferably used.
  • the technology of the combustion process also has a major impact on product quality, energy economy, life expectancy and the production capacity of industrial furnaces. However, this influence is particularly strong on the formation of NOx.
  • a particularly effective method for gas burners for glass melting furnaces has been named free jet gas burner, in which there is a very high reduction in nitrogen oxide formation.
  • the burner used according to the invention is preferably a configuration-modifiable burner that does not require a nozzle block, but is designed to be completely metallic and cooled, with a long diffuser forming the gas flow space externally and an axially displaceable cylindrical gas supply pipe being arranged therein and the cooling air having an adjustable cooling air current redirection of the burner mouth can be supplied as an enveloping combustion primary air stream.
  • the flame can largely be adjusted in the range of the characteristics of conventional burner designs.
  • old experience of quality assurance can be used with known means and attitudes. All that is then required is the adjustment of the burner with positioning of the central nozzle in the vicinity of the diffuser root.
  • a well-known, highly turbulent flame is formed in this way, which can optionally be modified further by means of primary air by a quick start reaction. Old notes on quality-assuring kiln procedures can thus be used.
  • the effective burner mode of operation in free jet mode can thus be set step by step, starting from the conventional flame jet.
  • the burner is described in its configuration as a free jet burner, as it is preferably used in combination with the wall segments according to the invention and the gas dynamic combustion air lift.
  • the cylindrical central nozzle pipe 35 was completely withdrawn from the long diffuser 33 and positioned in the gas supply pipe 32 with the nozzle orifice 36 of the central nozzle pipe 35 five times the diameter of the cylindrical gas supply pipe 32 from the root 37 of the long diffuser 33.
  • the cooling air flow deflection 41 blocks the path of the combustion primary air flow 40 between the cooling jacket 31 and the burner receiving stone 39 into the free space of the burner insert bore 38.
  • a low-turbulent gas-free jet emerges at the burner mouth 34.
  • the weakened interference of air from the environment, the subsequent carbonation of the Fuel gas with high proportions of carbon particles and the ignition of the flame only in an area with a large surface area of the flame, i.e. with good heat radiation conditions, are the causes of the low NOx emission of the burner in this setting, in which the usual high or even adiabatic flame temperatures are reliably avoided ,

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour réduire la formation de NOx, lors de la mise à feu de fours à bassin dans lesquels le combustible est introduit de préférence latéralement au niveau des orifices d'air à combustion. Ce procédé consiste à supprimer les flux croisés d'air à combustion et de combustible gazeux au moyen de segments de paroi placés dans l'orifice d'air à combustion, à réduire les tourbillonnements d'air au niveau du segment de paroi par le remplissage de zones sous vide avec des gaz brûlés, et à produire une racine de flamme présentant peu de turbulences dans un premier temps, ladite racine de flamme étant obtenue par introduction de combustible gazeux sous forme de jet libre. Le segment de paroi et le remplissage de gaz brûlés forment conjointement un écran protégeant la racine de flamme. En outre, le jet libre est obtenu par introduction du jet de combustible gazeux dans l'ombre du dard de l'écran. Le segment de paroi est de préférence placé en aval de la projection idéalisée d'un jet libre de gaz, vu dans la direction de l'arrivée d'air combustion. Le remplissage en gaz brûlés de la zone de turbulence s'effectue par introduction de gaz brûlés et/ou de combustible, de préférence au moyen d'une lance de refoulement, et forme, en amont du segment de paroi, un déflecteur de gaz brûlés gazodynamique qui maintient l'air de combustion incident au-dessus du segment de paroi, en réduisant les turbulences. De préférence, la lance de refoulement présente au moins une fente de sortie de gaz axiale, est placée horizontalement sur le côté exposé à l'air incident, au pied du segment de paroi, et peut être positionnée axialement et radialement par rapport au segment de paroi.
EP01951653A 2000-07-05 2001-07-05 Introduction de combustible gazeux avec reduction de la formation d'azote dans des orifices d'air a combustion de fours a bassin Withdrawn EP1301442A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10044237A DE10044237A1 (de) 2000-07-05 2000-07-05 Flammenwurzelschirm zur NOx-Minderung an fossil beheizten Glasschmelzwannen
DE10044237 2000-07-05
DE10120371 2001-04-25
DE10120371 2001-04-25
PCT/EP2001/007711 WO2002002468A1 (fr) 2000-07-05 2001-07-05 Introduction de combustible gazeux avec reduction de la formation d'azote dans des orifices d'air a combustion de fours a bassin

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1301442A1 true EP1301442A1 (fr) 2003-04-16

Family

ID=26006962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01951653A Withdrawn EP1301442A1 (fr) 2000-07-05 2001-07-05 Introduction de combustible gazeux avec reduction de la formation d'azote dans des orifices d'air a combustion de fours a bassin

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20040099011A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1301442A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20030023693A (fr)
CN (1) CN1449364A (fr)
AU (1) AU2001272523A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ2003318A3 (fr)
PL (1) PL359243A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002002468A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007044043B4 (de) 2007-09-14 2011-06-09 Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg Glasschmelzanlage und Verfahren zum Betrieb
DE102008050599B3 (de) * 2008-10-09 2010-07-29 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verteilung von Primärluft in Koksöfen
US20150291465A1 (en) * 2012-11-30 2015-10-15 Corning Incorporated Swirling burner and process for submerged combustion melting
CN113932613A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-01-14 咸宁南玻玻璃有限公司 一种窑炉喷嘴砖与窑炉喷嘴的连接结构

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3441675A1 (de) * 1984-11-15 1986-05-22 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Verfahren zur verringerung des no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-gehalts in verbrennungsgasen
DE4225257B4 (de) * 1992-07-28 2006-03-16 Software & Technologie Glas Gmbh (Stg) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum stickoxidmindernden Betrieb von Industrieöfen
DE4236677A1 (de) * 1992-10-30 1994-05-05 Software & Tech Glas Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennungsluftaufteilung an regenerativen Querflammenwannenöfen
GB9224852D0 (en) * 1992-11-27 1993-01-13 Pilkington Glass Ltd Flat glass furnaces
EP0635692A1 (fr) * 1993-06-22 1995-01-25 Praxair Technology, Inc. Système récupérateur radiant pour four
US5823769A (en) * 1996-03-26 1998-10-20 Combustion Tec, Inc. In-line method of burner firing and NOx emission control for glass melting
FR2750977B1 (fr) * 1996-07-11 1998-10-30 Saint Gobain Vitrage Procede et dispositif pour la reduction de l'emission de nox dans un four de verrerie

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0202468A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1449364A (zh) 2003-10-15
US20040099011A1 (en) 2004-05-27
PL359243A1 (en) 2004-08-23
KR20030023693A (ko) 2003-03-19
WO2002002468A1 (fr) 2002-01-10
CZ2003318A3 (en) 2004-03-17
AU2001272523A1 (en) 2002-01-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE60124483T2 (de) Behandlungsvorrichtung für Verbrennungsabgase
DE19923219B4 (de) Bodenbrenner mit geringer NOx-Emission und Heizverfahren
DE60108711T2 (de) Vormischbrenner mit niedrigem NOx-Ausstoss und Verfahren dafür
DE60011541T2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur NOx Reduktion
DE60102991T2 (de) Brenner mit geringen NOx Emissionen und Verfahren zum Verbrennen von flüssigen und gasförmigen Brennstoffen
DE102008047489B4 (de) Brenner und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners
EP2202460B1 (fr) Brûleur à flamme en nappe et procédé de fonctionnement d'un brûleur à flamme en nappe
DE60125892T2 (de) Brennkammer
DE102005038662B4 (de) Brennkopf und Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Brennstoff
DE2842125A1 (de) Bodenfackel-vorrichtung
WO2002002468A1 (fr) Introduction de combustible gazeux avec reduction de la formation d'azote dans des orifices d'air a combustion de fours a bassin
DE4113412C2 (de) Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von flüssigem oder gasförmigem Brennstoff für eine Feuerungsanlage
DE4324298A1 (de) Verfahren und Feuerungsanlage zur Verbrennung von flüssigen und gasförmigen Brennstoffen
EP2185477B1 (fr) Installation de fusion de verre et procédé de fonctionnement
DE3614177C2 (de) Brennkammer
DE19534319C2 (de) Einsatz für eine Kesselanlage, Kesselanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Kesselanlage
DE10036774A1 (de) Ofen und Verfahren zur thermischen Reinigung von Abgasen
DE10044237A1 (de) Flammenwurzelschirm zur NOx-Minderung an fossil beheizten Glasschmelzwannen
DE19541178C2 (de) Verfahren zum Verbrennen von staubförmigem Brennstoff, insbesondere Braunkohle, in einem Feuerraum
DE102021101418B4 (de) Brenner für gasförmige Gemische mit niedrigem Heizwert
EP1731832A1 (fr) Arrangement d'un brûleur à jet pour la combustion du charbon pulvérisé dans une chambre de combustion à émission réduite de NOx
DE102012106580A1 (de) Rauchgasbetriebene Backofen-Vorrichtung
EP1447622B1 (fr) Chaudière à tube-foyer à combustible pulvérulant
DE3731846C1 (en) Burner for fluid, fossil, carbonaceous fuel
DE102022100480A1 (de) Brennervorrichtung für die indirekte Erwärmung eines Ofenraums

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20030205

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: HEELEMANN, HELMUT

Inventor name: HEMMANN, PETER

Inventor name: HEGEWALD, FRANK

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20060328

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20061228