EP1290769A1 - Circuit de protection contre les surcharges - Google Patents

Circuit de protection contre les surcharges

Info

Publication number
EP1290769A1
EP1290769A1 EP01944958A EP01944958A EP1290769A1 EP 1290769 A1 EP1290769 A1 EP 1290769A1 EP 01944958 A EP01944958 A EP 01944958A EP 01944958 A EP01944958 A EP 01944958A EP 1290769 A1 EP1290769 A1 EP 1290769A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
protection circuit
switching element
overcurrent protection
circuit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP01944958A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Hastreiter
Robert Jung
Michael SCHRÖCK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1290769A1 publication Critical patent/EP1290769A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/025—Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H02H9/025—Current limitation using field effect transistors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an overcurrent protection circuit with an overcurrent release and a switching element, the switching current flowing through the switching element being detectable by means of the overcurrent release, and opening of the switching element being able to be triggered if the switching current fulfills a triggering condition.
  • Overcurrent protection circuits of this type are generally known, in particular in the form of circuit breakers.
  • Circuit breakers usually have a thermal overload release and an electromagnetic quick release. If the current flowing through the circuit breaker slightly exceeds a nominal current, the thermal overload release triggers a delayed trip. In the event of a short circuit, on the other hand, when the current increases rapidly, the electromagnetic quick release trips the circuit breaker almost instantaneously. Tripping the circuit breaker has two effects. On the one hand the circuit is opened directly, on the other hand a switch lock is triggered so that the circuit does not close again automatically after the circuit breaker has tripped.
  • the electromagnetic release has a response time.
  • the load current rises above the detection current at which the electromagnetic release is triggered.
  • the contact that opens there is a high level of wear due to contact erosion.
  • the current rises too quickly, it can even result in a permanent arc that can no longer be extinguished and to complete
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an overcurrent protection circuit in which an excessive increase in the current is prevented even in the event of a short circuit in the load circuit.
  • the object is achieved in that a current limiter is connected in series to the switching element.
  • the current limiter has a steep current-voltage characteristic curve at low voltages and a flat current-voltage characteristic curve at high voltages, there is a low power loss during normal operation of the overcurrent protection circuit and a current limitation to a relatively low value in the event of a short circuit.
  • the current limiter can be designed as a single component in individual cases. As a rule, however, it is designed as a current limiting circuit.
  • Examples of a current limiter are that the
  • Current limiter has two transistors connected in series or (alternatively) has two series connections connected in antiparallel, each having a transistor and a diode.
  • the current limiter has two self-conducting transistors, each with a gate, a source and a drain contact, the source contacts are connected to one another via a resistor, the source contacts
  • Transistors are connected to the gate contact of the other transistor and the current limiter is connected in series with the switching element via the drain contacts of the transistors.
  • the current limiter has a particularly wrinkle resistance and in short-circuit operation a high energy absorption capacity.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit is particularly compact.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit can then be designed as a pre-wirable unit.
  • the overcurrent release triggers the opening of the
  • Switching element almost instantaneously when a limit current is exceeded. If the current limiter is dimensioned accordingly, it is also possible for the switching element to open with a time delay when the limit current is exceeded.
  • FIG. 4 shows a current-voltage characteristic curve and FIG. 5 and 6 further current limiters.
  • a load 1 is connected to a voltage source 4 via an on / off switch 2 and an overcurrent protection circuit 3.
  • the on / off switch 2 can be controlled from the outside by a corresponding control signal S.
  • a switching current I flows through the overcurrent protection circuit 3 and the load 1.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 3 has an overcurrent release 5, a switching element 6 and a current limiter 7.
  • the switching element 6 is closed, so that the switching current I can flow.
  • the overcurrent Trigger 5 the switching current I, which also flows through the switching element 6, can be detected and an opening of the switching element 6 can be triggered if the switching current I fulfills a triggering condition.
  • the overcurrent release 5, the switching element 6 and the current limiter 7 are connected in series and arranged in a common housing 10. The switching current I is limited by means of the current limiter 7.
  • the overcurrent release 5 has two release elements 8, 9, namely an electromagnetic quick release 8 and a thermal overload release 9.
  • the quick release 8 triggers the opening of the switching element 6 almost instantaneously when the switching current I exceeds a limit current which is a multiple of a nominal current, typically 12 or 19 times the nominal current.
  • the overload release 9 triggers an opening of the switching element 6 with a time delay when the switching current I is above the rated current for a longer time, for. B. at 1.2 times, at 1.5 times, twice or 7.2 times the nominal current.
  • the switching element 6 has on the one hand a switch by means of which the circuit can be opened and closed as such, and on the other hand a switching lock by means of which the
  • Switch can be fixed in its open or closed position. When one of the trigger elements 8, 9 responds, both the switch of the switching element 6 is opened and the switching lock is released. After opening the switching element 6, it is not automatically closed again.
  • the circuit shown in FIG. 2 is used.
  • the opening of the switching element 6 can be triggered almost instantaneously.
  • the current limiter 7 is dimensioned accordingly so that it can withstand a short circuit until the thermal overload release 9 responds, the quick release 8 can be omitted. This is indicated in FIG. 2 by the fact that the quick release 8 is only drawn in broken lines. In this case, the opening of the switching element 6 is triggered with a time delay even in the event of a short circuit.
  • the current limiter 7 has two self-conducting transistors 11, 12.
  • the transistors 11, 12 can in principle be of any type. In particular, they can be designed as MOSFET, IGBT and also as bipolar transistors. According to the exemplary embodiment, they are designed as SiC field-effect transistors 11, 12.
  • Each of the field effect transistors 11, 12 has a gate contact 13, a source contact 14 and a drain contact 15.
  • the source contacts 14 are connected to one another via an adjustable resistor 16.
  • the source contacts 14 of the field effect transistors 11, 12 are connected to the gate contact 13 of the respective other field effect transistors 12, 11.
  • the current limiter 7 is then connected in series with the switching element 6 via the drain contacts 15.
  • the current limiter according to FIG. 3 can be constructed from discrete components 11, 12, 16. However, as indicated in FIG. 3 by a dash-dotted line, it can also be designed as a monolithically integrated circuit.
  • the current limiter 7 shown in FIG. 3 has a current-voltage characteristic curve according to FIG. 4.
  • the characteristic curve has a steep profile at low voltages and a flat profile at high voltages.
  • the switching current I is limited to the maximum value shown in broken lines even at high voltages U.
  • the maximum value can be set by setting the resistor 16 accordingly.
  • the transistors 11, 12 according to FIG. 5 can also be connected in series. In this case, one diode 17, 18 is preferably connected in parallel.
  • the current limiter 7 has two series connections connected in anti-parallel. Each series connection has a transistor 11 or 12, to which a diode 17, 18 is connected in series.
  • the transistors 11, 12 are designed as SiC components.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 7 according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in AC circuits. In principle, however, application in DC circuits is also possible.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit de protection contre les surcharges composé d'un discontacteur (5) et d'un élément de commutation (6). Ledit discontacteur (5) permet de relever un courant de commutation (I) parcourant l'élément de commutation (6), et de déclencher l'ouverture de l'élément de commutation (6) lorsque le courant de commutation (I) remplit une condition de déclenchement, un limitateur de courant (7) étant monté en série avec l'élément de commutation (6).
EP01944958A 2000-06-15 2001-05-30 Circuit de protection contre les surcharges Ceased EP1290769A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10029418A DE10029418A1 (de) 2000-06-15 2000-06-15 Überstromschutzschaltung
DE10029418 2000-06-15
PCT/DE2001/002046 WO2001097353A1 (fr) 2000-06-15 2001-05-30 Circuit de protection contre les surcharges

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1290769A1 true EP1290769A1 (fr) 2003-03-12

Family

ID=7645775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01944958A Ceased EP1290769A1 (fr) 2000-06-15 2001-05-30 Circuit de protection contre les surcharges

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7061739B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1290769A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10029418A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001097353A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100416961C (zh) * 2004-03-08 2008-09-03 肖孚云 一种电力网络保护的方法
US7369387B2 (en) * 2004-11-09 2008-05-06 Fultec Semiconductor, Inc. Apparatus and method for temperature-dependent transient blocking
WO2006053025A2 (fr) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-18 Fultec Semiconductor, Inc. Appareil et procede pour bloquer un phenomene transitoire dependant de la temperature
DE102005009789A1 (de) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Massnahme zur Erhöhung der Kurzschlussfestigkeit eines Gerätes durch Einführung paralleler Strompfade
DE202005007220U1 (de) * 2005-05-06 2006-09-21 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schutzschaltersystem
FR2951015B1 (fr) * 2009-10-05 2012-02-24 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Disjoncteur a limiteur de courant
GB201916243D0 (en) * 2019-11-08 2019-12-25 Rolls Royce Plc Current limiting circuit

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3258562A (en) * 1962-04-16 1966-06-28 Gen Electric Electric circuit protective device with energy diverting means
EP0978918A2 (fr) * 1998-08-05 2000-02-09 Square D Company Disjoncteur avec protection contre les défauts d'arc et éléments ptc pour protection contre les courts-circuits et à surcharge

Family Cites Families (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3058034A (en) * 1957-07-09 1962-10-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter system utilizing static devices
DE3445340A1 (de) * 1984-12-12 1986-06-19 Staiber, Heinrich, 8201 Bad Feilnbach Mosfet - zweirichtungsschalter mit strombegrenzung
FR2651915B1 (fr) * 1989-09-13 1991-11-08 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur statique ultra-rapide a isolement galvanique.
DE4022253A1 (de) 1990-07-11 1992-01-16 Krone Ag Strombegrenzungsschaltung
AU661867B2 (en) 1991-09-30 1995-08-10 General Dynamics Information Systems, Inc. Plated compliant lead
DE9218519U1 (de) * 1991-12-02 1994-07-14 Siemens AG, 80333 München Leistungsschalter
WO1995007548A1 (fr) * 1993-09-08 1995-03-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur de courant
SG45351A1 (en) 1993-09-08 1998-01-16 Siemens Ag AC power controller
CA2171186A1 (fr) * 1993-09-08 1995-03-16 Helmut Rosch Limiteur de courant
US6049447A (en) * 1993-09-08 2000-04-11 Siemens Ag Current limiting device
DE19548443A1 (de) * 1995-12-22 1997-06-26 Siemens Ag Halbleiteranordnung zur Strombegrenzung
DE19725870A1 (de) 1997-06-18 1999-01-07 Siemens Ag Begrenzerschaltung für Wechselströme
DE19758233B4 (de) * 1997-12-30 2004-10-07 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kurzschluß- und Überlastausschaltung
US6288882B1 (en) * 1998-08-24 2001-09-11 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Circuit breaker with independent trip and reset lockout
US6181541B1 (en) 1998-10-22 2001-01-30 Shukri Souri Transistor-PTC circuit protection devices
US6392859B1 (en) * 1999-02-14 2002-05-21 Yazaki Corporation Semiconductor active fuse for AC power line and bidirectional switching device for the fuse

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3258562A (en) * 1962-04-16 1966-06-28 Gen Electric Electric circuit protective device with energy diverting means
EP0978918A2 (fr) * 1998-08-05 2000-02-09 Square D Company Disjoncteur avec protection contre les défauts d'arc et éléments ptc pour protection contre les courts-circuits et à surcharge

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO0197353A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001097353A1 (fr) 2001-12-20
DE10029418A1 (de) 2001-12-20
US20030137790A1 (en) 2003-07-24
US7061739B2 (en) 2006-06-13

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