EP1287925B1 - Metal alloy wheel rim - Google Patents

Metal alloy wheel rim Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1287925B1
EP1287925B1 EP20020011998 EP02011998A EP1287925B1 EP 1287925 B1 EP1287925 B1 EP 1287925B1 EP 20020011998 EP20020011998 EP 20020011998 EP 02011998 A EP02011998 A EP 02011998A EP 1287925 B1 EP1287925 B1 EP 1287925B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rim
metal alloy
strength
wheel flange
part areas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20020011998
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1287925A3 (en
EP1287925A2 (en
Inventor
Andras Dr. Beste
Sylvia Droll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of EP1287925A2 publication Critical patent/EP1287925A2/en
Publication of EP1287925A3 publication Critical patent/EP1287925A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1287925B1 publication Critical patent/EP1287925B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
    • B21D53/30—Making other particular articles wheels or the like wheel rims
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a light metal rim made of an aluminum alloy, in particular for motor vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a method for such a light metal rim is for example the DE 44 42 465 A1 Removable, in which a preferably produced by casting blank is transformed under heat in the extrusion process to form a rim.
  • the rim material has aluminum as an essential component and as secondary components silicon, magnesium, etc.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a light metal rim of the generic type, with the different load cases of the light metal rim in motor vehicles improved account is taken.
  • the resulting forces, which are introduced into the Radauhssenung the motor vehicle, are essentially caused by the accelerations of the unsprung masses.
  • the acceleration itself in turn depends on the rigidity of the rim at the load introduction points.
  • the outer horn formed on account of its proximity to the rim bowl generates higher forces on impact than the less rigid rim inner horn, which adjoins the rim bed located therebetween. Due to the rim geometry lower rigidity of the inner horn this tends to be more pronounced plastic deformation.
  • the proposal according to the invention thus provides a compensation in which the less rigid portion of the rim with the rim base and the inner horn is raised to a high strength level by a T6 heat treatment, while the rigid outer horn portion with at least the radially outer portion of the rim bowl with a T4 or T5 treatment is maintained at a lower solid level.
  • the radially inner hub region of the rim bowl can have either T6 or T4 / T5 depending on the other criteria.
  • the different heat treatment of the rim can be carried out adapted to the alloy material used and to the manufacturing method used in a different hot aging or after the aging of hot additional solution heat treatment or a different cooling rate when quenching from the solution annealing temperature for strength reduction of portions of the rim.
  • the half-illustrated rim 10 made of an AL alloy is composed essentially of a disc-shaped rim 12, an adjoining annular outer horn 14, a likewise annular inner horn 16 and a rim bed located therebetween 18.
  • the rim 10 is in a known manner on the Material stronger radially inner hub portion 20 of the rim bowl 12 attached to a receiving flange of the wheel bearing of the motor vehicle and carries a tire, not shown.
  • the rim 10 may, for example, as in the aforementioned DE 44 42 465 A1 be prepared, for. B. by extrusion or forging a precast blank or by using an AL-wrought alloy.
  • the rim 10 is subjected in a known manner to a solution annealing at a temperature of about 550 ° C and quenched.
  • the inner horn 16 and the rim base 18 are hardened according to the marked area 22 to the state T6 or hot outsourced while at the same time the portion 24 with the outer horn 14 and the radially outer portion 26 of the rim 12 by heat removal or cooling to a Temperature of about 100 ° C and thus only assumes the state T4 or T5 with a correspondingly reduced strength.
  • the radially inner heat treatment region 28 or the hub region 20 of the rim 10 can have strengths according to T4, T5 or T6 with reduced cooling or possibly even the same thermal aging temperature of 200 ° C., depending on the load profile and geometry of the corresponding light metal rim.
  • the strength reduced area 24 and / or 28 can also be prepared in which the rim 10 after the conventional heat aging in the corresponding areas again solution-annealed and quenched. It is understood that apart from z. B. a favorable transition region 30 between the rim base 18 and the outer horn 14, the set strength of the adjacent areas is not reduced, z. B. by appropriate cooling measures.
  • the reduced-strength region 24 and or 28 can also be produced, in which the rim 10 is cooled slowly in a controlled manner after the solution annealing in the quenching process.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Leichtmetall-Felge aus einer Aluminium-Legierung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a light metal rim made of an aluminum alloy, in particular for motor vehicles, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein Verfahren für eine solche Leichtmetall-Felge ist beispielsweise der DE 44 42 465 A1 entnehmbar, bei dem ein vorzugsweise im Gießverfahren hergestellter Rohling unter Wärmezufuhr im Fließpressverfahren zu einer Felge umgeformt wird. Das Felgenmaterial hat als wesentlichen Bestandteil Aluminium und als Sekundärbestandteile Silizium, Magnesium, etc. Durch gezielte Wärmebehandlung wie Lösungsglühen und Warmauslagern (Altern) bei definierten Behandlungszeiten werden Verspannungen abgebaut, die Gefügestruktur des Materials verbessert und eine definierte Festigkeit vom T4-Zustand bis zum T6-Zustand eingestellt.A method for such a light metal rim is for example the DE 44 42 465 A1 Removable, in which a preferably produced by casting blank is transformed under heat in the extrusion process to form a rim. The rim material has aluminum as an essential component and as secondary components silicon, magnesium, etc. Through targeted heat treatment such as solution annealing and aging at defined treatment times, tensions are reduced, the microstructure of the material is improved and a defined strength is achieved from the T4 state to the T6 state. Condition set.

Ferner ist aus der US 4,767,473 eine Aluminium Felge bekannt die Teilbereiche mit verschiedenen Festigkeiten aufweist um die dynamische Festigkeit und damit die Felge für eine Dauerbeanspruchung im Fahrbetrieb zu verbessern. Nachteilig hierbei ist jedoch, dass bei einer Fahrt über den Bordstein eine solche Felge beschädigt werden kann, weil die statische Festigkeit nicht ausreichend ist.Furthermore, from the US 4,767,473 an aluminum rim known the parts with different strengths has to improve the dynamic strength and thus the rim for a continuous load while driving. The disadvantage here, however, is that when driving over the curb such a rim can be damaged because the static strength is not sufficient.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Leichtmetall-Felge der gattungsgemäßen Art vorzuschlagen, mit dem den unterschiedlichen Belastungsfällen der Leichtmetall-Felge in Kraftfahrzeugen verbessert Rechnung getragen wird.The object of the invention is to provide a light metal rim of the generic type, with the different load cases of the light metal rim in motor vehicles improved account is taken.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind den weiteren Patentansprüchen entnehmbar.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the further claims removed.

Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, durch unterschiedliche Wärmebehandlungen von Teilbereichen der Felge (natürlich rotationssymmetrische Bereiche) unterschiedliche Festigkeiten einzustellen, bevorzugt einen T6-Zustand höherer Festigkeit an dem Innenhorn der Felge und an dem Felgenbett und im übrigen einen T4/T5-Zustand niedriger Festigkeit.According to the invention it is proposed to set different strengths by different heat treatments of partial regions of the rim (of course rotationally symmetrical regions), preferably a T6 state of higher strength on the inner horn of the rim and on the rim well and otherwise a T4 / T5 state of low strength.

Der Erfindung liegt dabei die Erkenntnis zugrunde, das Felgen insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen unterschiedlichen Lasteinleitungen unterliegen. So kann beim Überfahren von positiven und negativen Hindernissen

  • zuerst das Außenhorn der Felge das Hindernis treffen; oder
  • zuerst das Innenhorn das Hindernis treffen; oder
  • beide Hörner gleichzeitig das Hindernis treffen.
The invention is based on the knowledge that rims are subject to different load discharges, especially in motor vehicles. So when crossing positive and negative obstacles
  • first the outer horn of the rim meet the obstacle; or
  • first the inner horn hit the obstacle; or
  • both horns hit the obstacle at the same time.

Die dabei entstehenden Kräfte, die in die Radauhängung des Kraftfahrzeuges eingeleitet werden, sind im wesentlichen durch die Beschleunigungen der ungefederten Massen hervorgerufen. Die Beschleunigung selber hängt wiederum ab von der Steifigkeit der Felge an den Lasteinleitungsstellen.The resulting forces, which are introduced into the Radauhängung the motor vehicle, are essentially caused by the accelerations of the unsprung masses. The acceleration itself in turn depends on the rigidity of the rim at the load introduction points.

So erzeugt das aufgrund seiner Nähe zur Felgenschüssel gebildete Außenhorn beim Auftreffen höhere Kräfte als das weniger steife Felgen-Innenhorn, welches an das dazwischen befindliche Felgenbett anschließt. Aufgrund der durch die Felgengeometrie geringeren Steifigkeit des Innenhornes neigt dieses deutlich stärker zu plastischen Verformungen.Thus, the outer horn formed on account of its proximity to the rim bowl generates higher forces on impact than the less rigid rim inner horn, which adjoins the rim bed located therebetween. Due to the rim geometry lower rigidity of the inner horn this tends to be more pronounced plastic deformation.

Der erfindungsgemäße Vorschlag schafft somit einen Ausgleich, in dem der weniger steife Teilbereich der Felge mit dem Felgenbett und den Innenhorn durch eine T6-Wärmebehandlung auf ein hohes Festigkeitsniveau angehoben wird, während der steife Außenhornbereich mit zumindest dem radial äußeren Bereich der Felgenschüssel mit einer T4 oder T5-Behandlung auf einem niedrigerfesten Niveau gehalten wird. Insbesondere der radial innen liegende Nabenbereich der Felgenschüssel kann je nach sonstigen Kriterien entweder T6 oder T4/T5 aufweisen.The proposal according to the invention thus provides a compensation in which the less rigid portion of the rim with the rim base and the inner horn is raised to a high strength level by a T6 heat treatment, while the rigid outer horn portion with at least the radially outer portion of the rim bowl with a T4 or T5 treatment is maintained at a lower solid level. In particular, the radially inner hub region of the rim bowl can have either T6 or T4 / T5 depending on the other criteria.

Die unterschiedliche Wärmebehandlung der Felge kann angepasst an den verwendeten Legierungswerkstoff und an das verwendete Fertigungsverfahren in einer unterschiedlichen Warmauslagerung oder einem nach der Warmauslagerung zusätzlich durchgeführtem Lösungsglühen oder einer unterschiedlichen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit beim Abschrecken aus der Lösungsglühtemperatur zur Festigkeitsverminderung von Teilbereichen der Felge durchgeführt werden.The different heat treatment of the rim can be carried out adapted to the alloy material used and to the manufacturing method used in a different hot aging or after the aging of hot additional solution heat treatment or a different cooling rate when quenching from the solution annealing temperature for strength reduction of portions of the rim.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im folgenden mit weiteren Einzelheiten näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung dazu zeigt eine nur in der oberen Hälfte dargestellte Leichtmetall-Felge für Kraftfahrzeuge in einem Längsmittelschnitt mit durch Pfeile eingezeichneten Festigkeitsbereichen.An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with further details. The drawing shows an illustrated only in the upper half light metal rim for motor vehicles in a longitudinal center section with drawn by arrows strength ranges.

Die hälftig dargestellte Felge 10 aus einer AL-Legierung setzt sich im wesentlichen zusammen aus einer scheibenförmigen Felgenschüssel 12, einem daran anschließenden, ringförmigen Außenhorn 14, einem ebenfalls ringförmigen Innenhorn 16 und einem dazwischen befindlichen Felgenbett 18. Die Felge 10 ist in bekannter Weise über den Material stärkeren radial innenliegenden Nabenbereich 20 der Felgenschüssel 12 an einem Aufnahmeflansch der Radlagerung des Kraftfahrzeuges befestigt und trägt einen nicht dargestellten Reifen.The half-illustrated rim 10 made of an AL alloy is composed essentially of a disc-shaped rim 12, an adjoining annular outer horn 14, a likewise annular inner horn 16 and a rim bed located therebetween 18. The rim 10 is in a known manner on the Material stronger radially inner hub portion 20 of the rim bowl 12 attached to a receiving flange of the wheel bearing of the motor vehicle and carries a tire, not shown.

Die Felge 10 kann beispielsweise wie in der vorgenannten DE 44 42 465 A1 hergestellt sein, z. B. durch Fließpressen oder Schmieden eines vorgegossenen Rohlings oder durch Verwendung einer AL-Knetlegierung.The rim 10 may, for example, as in the aforementioned DE 44 42 465 A1 be prepared, for. B. by extrusion or forging a precast blank or by using an AL-wrought alloy.

Die Felge 10 wird in bekannter Weise einem Lösungsglühen bei einer Temperatur von ca. 550 ° C unterzogen und abgeschreckt.The rim 10 is subjected in a known manner to a solution annealing at a temperature of about 550 ° C and quenched.

Nach der Endverformung bzw. maßlichen Kalibrierung der Felge 10 wird diese zur Herstellung der erforderlichen Festigkeit einer Warmauslagerung bzw. künstlichen Alterung bei einer definierten Temperatur von ca. 200 ° C und einer definierten Aushärtezeit unterzogen.After the final deformation or dimensional calibration of the rim 10, this is subjected to the production of the required strength of a thermal aging or artificial aging at a defined temperature of about 200 ° C and a defined curing time.

Dabei werden erfindungsgemäß das Innenhorn 16 und das Felgenbett 18 gemäß dem eingezeichneten Bereich 22 auf den Zustand T6 gehärtet bzw. warm ausgelagert, während gleichzeitig der Teilbereich 24 mit dem Außenhorn 14 und dem radial äußeren Bereich 26 der Felgenschüssel 12 durch Wärmeentzug bzw. Kühlung auf eine Temperatur von ca. 100 ° C gehalten und damit lediglich den Zustand T4 oder T5 mit einer entsprechend verminderten Festigkeit annimmt.In this case, according to the invention, the inner horn 16 and the rim base 18 are hardened according to the marked area 22 to the state T6 or hot outsourced while at the same time the portion 24 with the outer horn 14 and the radially outer portion 26 of the rim 12 by heat removal or cooling to a Temperature of about 100 ° C and thus only assumes the state T4 or T5 with a correspondingly reduced strength.

Der radial innere Wärmebehandlungsbereich 28 bzw. der Nabenbereich 20 der Felge 10 wiederum kann bei verringerter Kühlung oder ggf. sogar gleicher Warmauslagerungstemperatur von 200 ° C Festigkeiten gemäß T4, T5 oder T6 aufweisen, je nach Belastungsprofil und Geometrie der entsprechenden Leichtmetall-Felge.The radially inner heat treatment region 28 or the hub region 20 of the rim 10, in turn, can have strengths according to T4, T5 or T6 with reduced cooling or possibly even the same thermal aging temperature of 200 ° C., depending on the load profile and geometry of the corresponding light metal rim.

Anstelle der beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Warmauslagerung der Felge 10 kann der Festigkeits verminderte Bereich 24 und/oder 28 auch hergestellt werden, in dem die Felge 10 nach dem herkömmlichen Warmauslagern in den entsprechenden Bereichen nochmals kurzzeitig Lösungsgeglüht und abgeschreckt wird. Es versteht sich, dass dabei abgesehen von z. B. einem günstigen Übergangsbereich 30 zwischen dem Felgenbett 18 und dem Außenhorn 14 die eingestellte Festigkeit der angrenzenden Bereiche nicht vermindert wird, z. B. durch entsprechende Kühlmaßnahmen.Instead of the described different thermal aging of the rim 10, the strength reduced area 24 and / or 28 can also be prepared in which the rim 10 after the conventional heat aging in the corresponding areas again solution-annealed and quenched. It is understood that apart from z. B. a favorable transition region 30 between the rim base 18 and the outer horn 14, the set strength of the adjacent areas is not reduced, z. B. by appropriate cooling measures.

Als weitere Möglichkeit kann der festigkeitsverminderte Bereich 24 und oder 28 auch hergestellt werden, in dem die Felge 10 nach dem Lösungsglühen im Abschreckungsvorgang in diesem Bereich gezielt langsam gekühlt wird.As a further possibility, the reduced-strength region 24 and or 28 can also be produced, in which the rim 10 is cooled slowly in a controlled manner after the solution annealing in the quenching process.

Claims (3)

  1. Metal alloy wheel rim (10) made of an aluminium alloy with an external and internal wheel flange (14, 16), a rim key (12) and a rim base (18), in which the rim has various part areas, which have different strengths depending on heat treatment, characterised in that
    - the external wheel flange (14) and/or the rim key (12) are part areas (24, 28), which have a lower strength and
    - the internal wheel flange (16) and the rim base (18) are part areas (22), which have a higher strength.
  2. Metal alloy wheel rim (10) according to patent claim 1, characterised in that
    the various strengths are created during production of the metal alloy rim (10) by age hardening the part areas controlled in different ways.
  3. Metal alloy wheel rim according to one of the previous patent claims, characterised in that
    the internal wheel flange (16) and the rim base (12) have a T6 state and the external wheel flange (14) and the rim key (12) have at least partly a T4/T5 state.
EP20020011998 2001-08-24 2002-05-31 Metal alloy wheel rim Expired - Fee Related EP1287925B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10141510 2001-08-24
DE2001141510 DE10141510A1 (en) 2001-08-24 2001-08-24 Process for the production of light alloy rims

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1287925A2 EP1287925A2 (en) 2003-03-05
EP1287925A3 EP1287925A3 (en) 2004-04-28
EP1287925B1 true EP1287925B1 (en) 2009-04-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20020011998 Expired - Fee Related EP1287925B1 (en) 2001-08-24 2002-05-31 Metal alloy wheel rim

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EP (1) EP1287925B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10141510A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2323411T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10322309B4 (en) * 2003-05-17 2005-04-21 Daimlerchrysler Ag Cylinder head for internal combustion engines and method for its production
DE102005026829A1 (en) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-21 Bd-Breyton-Design Gmbh Production of a rim bed and rim star of a vehicle wheel rim comprises forming the rim star by vacuum casting liquid aluminum or a liquid aluminum alloy in a casting mold having the shape of the star

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579604A (en) * 1982-07-08 1986-04-01 Ni Industries, Inc. Method of spin forging a finished article
DE3443226C1 (en) * 1984-11-27 1986-03-13 Årdal og Sunndal Verk A/S, Oslo Method and device for improving the dynamic strength of wheel disks of vehicle wheels made of hardenable aluminum alloys
DE3443207C1 (en) * 1984-11-27 1985-09-12 Årdal og Sunndal Verk A/S, Oslo Procedure for aligning vehicle wheels
DE3443227C1 (en) * 1984-11-27 1986-05-15 Årdal og Sunndal Verk A/S, Oslo Method for aligning vehicle wheels made of a hardenable aluminum alloy
AU639674B2 (en) * 1988-10-24 1993-08-05 Asahi Tec Corporation Spinning molding process, spinning molding apparatus, spinning molding raw material, spinning molding process of vehicle wheel, and spinning molding apparatus of vehicle wheel
AU671273B2 (en) * 1992-02-27 1996-08-22 Hayes Wheel International, Inc. Method for heat treating a metal component
DE4304134C1 (en) * 1993-02-11 1994-09-15 Albert Handtmann Metallguswerk Process for the production of castings
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CH687816A5 (en) * 1994-10-26 1997-02-28 Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag Sicherheitslenksaeule.
GB2295341A (en) * 1994-11-25 1996-05-29 Asahi Tec Corp Method for spinning vehicle wheel
DE19524176C1 (en) * 1995-07-03 1996-09-26 Daimler Benz Ag Heat treatment process for light alloy castings
IT1279738B1 (en) * 1995-09-29 1997-12-16 Reynolds Wheels Spa METAL ALLOY WHEEL RIMS FORMING PROCESS
US6033499A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-03-07 General Motors Corporation Process for stretch forming age-hardened aluminum alloy sheets
DE19901508A1 (en) * 1999-01-16 2000-08-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Process for the production of castings from aluminum alloys
DE19909519B4 (en) * 1999-03-04 2006-06-08 Leifeld Metal Spinning Gmbh Method for producing a light metal wheel
DE10003791B4 (en) * 2000-01-28 2004-06-17 Forschungsgesellschaft Umformtechnik Mbh Process for manufacturing rims
DE10016187C2 (en) * 2000-03-31 2002-05-08 Daimler Chrysler Ag Process and device for the heat treatment of castings made of aluminum, in particular of cylinder heads

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10141510A1 (en) 2003-03-13
EP1287925A3 (en) 2004-04-28
EP1287925A2 (en) 2003-03-05
ES2323411T3 (en) 2009-07-15
DE50213470D1 (en) 2009-06-04

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