EP1234891B1 - Process for ultra-sonic treatment of regions of a metal wheel - Google Patents
Process for ultra-sonic treatment of regions of a metal wheel Download PDFInfo
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- EP1234891B1 EP1234891B1 EP01104660A EP01104660A EP1234891B1 EP 1234891 B1 EP1234891 B1 EP 1234891B1 EP 01104660 A EP01104660 A EP 01104660A EP 01104660 A EP01104660 A EP 01104660A EP 1234891 B1 EP1234891 B1 EP 1234891B1
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- ultrasound
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- treatment
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the targeted treatment of areas of a made by a molding process, made of metal wheel, in particular a car wheel, by ultrasonic treatment. This is intended to increase the static and / or dynamic load capacity of the wheel.
- Metallic workpieces are generally brought into the desired shape by a variety of molding techniques.
- a metallic workpiece can be formed by primary molding, for example by casting a liquid, metallic starting material into a casting mold that corresponds to the shape of the workpiece to be achieved.
- primary molding for example by casting a liquid, metallic starting material into a casting mold that corresponds to the shape of the workpiece to be achieved.
- dislocations occur which have a negative effect on the later loadability of the cast workpiece.
- the dislocations in the crystal structure of the metallic material form stresses that can lead to cracking or fatigue fractures in later on the workpiece loads.
- Even when formed by forming workpieces are due to the conditional by the change in shape during the forming process Change in the crystal structure dislocations and thus induces stresses in the metallic material.
- a known, possible method for the aftertreatment of such a workpiece is a heat treatment.
- the finished shaped workpieces are annealed at such a heat treatment in special, intended for this purpose tempering at high temperatures.
- dislocations exist in the material and are compensated by reshaping the grain boundaries present in the metallic material.
- the heat-treated metallic material of the workpiece is significantly more susceptible to stress than its state before tempering and can therefore be subjected to higher loads or is relatively less susceptible to material defects occurring as a result of material fatigue phenomena.
- a disadvantage of this previously known method is the high expenditure of energy required to carry out a heat treatment, and, on the other hand, the lacking possibility of having a partially differentiated after-treatment for the workpiece.
- Another method of aftertreatment known in the art consists in the so-called rolling out.
- the finished molded workpiece is subjected to an external pressure by introducing between at least one pair of rollers, which helps to achieve a stress relief in the metallic workpiece and thus an increased load capacity of the workpiece.
- this method known from the prior art can not be applied specifically to individual, critical areas of the workpiece.
- a particularly interesting area for such aftertreatment methods are wheels or rims for wheels, which are naturally exposed to very high loads during use. These loads consist on the one hand of rotational loads and on the other hand due to unevenness of the support on which the wheel moves resulting vibration loads.
- the demand for visually appealing rims has increased, especially in the passenger car sector.
- wheel rims are increasingly required today, distinguished by filigree structures formed between the rim ring on which the tire rests and the rim center. Due to the associated comparatively large "gaps" in the material load on the remaining bars particularly high stresses.
- Each of the documents DE-C-44 28 791, BE-A-670 315, Metal Science and Heat Treatment, Vol. 17, No. 3-4, 3.75, pp. 262-264, US-A-3 276 918, US Pat. No. 6,171,415 describes the treatment of metal workpieces by means of ultrasound.
- the second and third documents expressly refer to steel as the metallic material to be treated, and according to the other documents the skilled person will implicitly (also) understand steel or light metal as the material to be treated.
- an increase in the load capacity due to the ultrasound treatment is addressed.
- the former document shows a railway wheel, apparently made by casting, as is usually cast in cast iron or steel.
- High-energy ultrasound in the sense of this invention is such an ultrasound whose energy content is determined so that it can interact with the metallic material of the workpiece, so as to effect a change in the crystal structure in the workpiece.
- the minimum amount of energy required depends both on the type of metallic material and on the required depth, measured from the surface of the workpiece, up to which the treatment according to the invention is to take place.
- An adjustment of the energy required in each case takes place via the selected frequency.
- An adjustment of the frequency also has an immediate influence on the penetration depth of the ultrasound into the metallic material to be treated.
- rims for vehicle wheels results concretely that with targeted ultrasound treatment of the initially mentioned, heavy loads exposed parts, an improvement in the stability of these parts can be achieved, resulting in a higher performance in a rim of equal weight (ie a higher, maximum wheel load ) or as a result of design changes to a lower weight at the same power (ie to a lower wheel weight) leads.
- the method according to the invention is carried out in combination with simulation calculations on concrete workpieces in the form of wheels.
- An image of a distribution of specific stresses across the workpiece, obtained on the basis of simulation calculations, is used to specifically detect those regions of the workpiece which are subjected to high loads in order to treat them with ultrasound according to the invention.
- either the entire workpiece or individual areas are subjected to multiple treatment with ultrasound. It is possible to set the ultrasonic waves used differently for each Uitraschall aspectscutn.
- the workpiece is treated sequentially with ultrasonic waves of different frequency and possibly different amplitudes. With such a treatment, for example, the material of the wheel can be treated differently in different penetration depths.
- An improvement of the method results from the fact that in the area of the ultrasound acting on the workpiece additionally impact bodies act on the surface of the workpiece. These impactors obtain the energy required for the impact treatment of the surface from the ultrasound.
- this invention proposes, in particular, steel, light metal or light metal alloys, and in the case of the latter in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys.
- the ultrasonically treated material according to the invention in addition to an improved load-bearing capacity, additionally has a reduced susceptibility to corrosion.
- Surfaces of workpieces treated according to the invention show in the treated areas significantly less susceptible to corrosion.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur gezielten Behandlung von Bereichen eines mittels eines Formgebungsverfahrens in eine Form gebrachten, aus Metall bestehenden Rades, insbesondere eines PKW-Rades, durch Ultraschallbehandlung. Dadurch soll die statische und/oder dynamische Belastbarkeit des Rades gesteigert werden.The invention relates to a method for the targeted treatment of areas of a made by a molding process, made of metal wheel, in particular a car wheel, by ultrasonic treatment. This is intended to increase the static and / or dynamic load capacity of the wheel.
Metallische Werkstücke werden allgemein durch unterschiedlichste Formgebungstechniken in die gewünschte Form gebracht. So kann ein metallisches Werkstück beispielsweise durch Urformen, beispielsweise Gießen eines flüssigen, metallischen Ausgangsmaterials in eine der Form des zu erzielenden Werkstücks entsprechende Gießform, ausgebildet werden. Weiterhin ist es möglich, dem Werkstück die erwünschte Form durch Umformen, beispielsweise Schmieden, Pressen, Stanzen, Preßstanzen, eines Ausgangswerkstückes beizubringen.Metallic workpieces are generally brought into the desired shape by a variety of molding techniques. For example, a metallic workpiece can be formed by primary molding, for example by casting a liquid, metallic starting material into a casting mold that corresponds to the shape of the workpiece to be achieved. Furthermore, it is possible to teach the workpiece the desired shape by forming, for example, forging, pressing, stamping, press-stamping, an initial workpiece.
Eine Grundproblematik ergibt sich bei beiden Formgebungsverfahren, da bei einem Formgebungsvorgang in dem metallischen Material des Werkstücks unerwünschte Spannungen induziert werden. So entstehen beispielsweise beim Gießen durch lokal im Werkstück unterschiedliche Abkühlvorgänge im Kristallgefüge des metallischen Werkstoffs Versetzungen, welche sich negativ auf die spätere Belastbarkeit des gegossenen Werkstücks auswirken. So bilden die Versetzungen in dem Kristallgefüge des metallischen Werkstoffs Spannungen aus, die bei später auf das Werkstück ausgeübten Belastungen zu Rißbildungen oder Ermüdungsbrüchen führen können. Auch bei durch Umformen gebildeten Werkstücken werden während des Umformvorganges aufgrund der durch die Formveränderung bedingten Veränderung des Kristallgefüges Versetzungen und damit Spannungen in dem metallischen Werkstoff induziert. Auch diese Versetzungen bzw. die daraus resultierenden Spannungen führen zu ähnlichen Problemen wie oben geschildert.A fundamental problem arises in the case of both shaping methods, since undesired stresses are induced in the metallic material of the workpiece during a shaping process. Thus, for example, during casting by cooling processes that differ locally in the workpiece in the crystal structure of the metallic material, dislocations occur which have a negative effect on the later loadability of the cast workpiece. Thus, the dislocations in the crystal structure of the metallic material form stresses that can lead to cracking or fatigue fractures in later on the workpiece loads. Even when formed by forming workpieces are due to the conditional by the change in shape during the forming process Change in the crystal structure dislocations and thus induces stresses in the metallic material. These dislocations or the resulting stresses lead to similar problems as described above.
Im Stand der Technik ist es daher üblich, bei Werkstücken, die einer geplanten, hohen Belastung ausgesetzt werden, diese einer Nachbehandlung nach den Formgebungsverfahren zu unterziehen. Ein bekanntes, mögliches Verfahren zur Nachbehandlung eines solchen Werkstückes besteht in einer Wärmebehandlung. Die fertig geformten Werkstücke werden bei einer solchen Wärmebehandlung in speziellen, dafür vorgesehenen Temperöfen bei hohen Temperaturen getempert. Bei diesem Verfahren wandern im Material vorhandene Versetzungen und werden durch Umbildung der in dem metallischen Werkstoff vorhandenen Komgrenzen kompensiert. Der so wärmebehandelte metallische Werkstoff des Werkstücks ist verglichen mit seinem Zustand vor dem Tempem deutlich spannungsämler und kann daher höheren Belastungen ausgesetzt werden bzw. ist vergleichsweise unanfälliger für aufgrund von Materialermüdungserscheinungen auftretende Materialfehler.In the prior art, it is therefore customary for workpieces which are subjected to a planned, high load to subject them to a post-treatment after the shaping process. A known, possible method for the aftertreatment of such a workpiece is a heat treatment. The finished shaped workpieces are annealed at such a heat treatment in special, intended for this purpose tempering at high temperatures. In this method, dislocations exist in the material and are compensated by reshaping the grain boundaries present in the metallic material. The heat-treated metallic material of the workpiece is significantly more susceptible to stress than its state before tempering and can therefore be subjected to higher loads or is relatively less susceptible to material defects occurring as a result of material fatigue phenomena.
Nachteilig bei diesem vorbekannten Verfahren ist einerseits der hohe Energieaufwand, der zur Durchführung einer Temperung erfordertich ist und andererseits die fehlende Möglichkeit, dem Werkstück eine abschnittsweise differenzierte Nachbehandlung zukommen zu lassen. So ist es beim Temperverfahren nicht möglich, gezielt einzelne Bereiche eines Werkstücks, die aufgrund ihrer Geometrie oder ihrer Lage auf dem Werkstück eine besonders hohe Beanspruchung erfahren, gezielt und ausgesucht zu behandeln.A disadvantage of this previously known method, on the one hand, is the high expenditure of energy required to carry out a heat treatment, and, on the other hand, the lacking possibility of having a partially differentiated after-treatment for the workpiece. Thus, it is not possible during the annealing process to specifically and selectively treat individual regions of a workpiece which, due to their geometry or their position on the workpiece, experience a particularly high level of stress.
Eine weitere im Stand der Technik bekannte Methode einer Nachbehandlung besteht im sogenannten Auswalzen. Bei diesem Verfahren wird das fertig geformte Werkstück durch Einbringen zwischen mindestens ein Walzenpaar einem äußeren Druck unterworfen, welcher dazu beiträgt, einen Spannungsabbau in dem metallischen Werkstück und damit eine erhöhte Belastbarkeit des Werkstücks zu erreichen. Jedoch läßt sich auch dies aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Verfahren nicht gezielt auf einzelne, kritische Bereiche des Werkstücks anwenden.Another method of aftertreatment known in the art consists in the so-called rolling out. In this method, the finished molded workpiece is subjected to an external pressure by introducing between at least one pair of rollers, which helps to achieve a stress relief in the metallic workpiece and thus an increased load capacity of the workpiece. However, this method known from the prior art can not be applied specifically to individual, critical areas of the workpiece.
Schließlich ist es im Stand der Technik auch bekannt, Werkstücke aus Metall nach Formgebungsverfahren mittels Kugelstrahlen zu behandeln. Hierbei wird ein Strahl von auf eine bestimmte Geschwindigkeit beschleunigten Kugeln eines harten Materials und von kleinem Durchmesser auf die Oberfläche des Werkstücks gelenkt. Diese Kugeln übertragen die in ihnen gespeicherte kinetische Energie beim Aufprall auf die Werkstückoberfläche auf diese und bewirken eine oberflächennahe Verdichtung. Zwar können auch mit diesem Verfahren verbesserte Festigkeiten bzw. erhöhte Belastbarkeiten der so behandelten, metallischen Werkstücke festgestellt werden, jedoch erweist sich dieses Verfahren als hinsichtlich seiner Reproduzierbarkeit unsicher. Auch kann mit dem Kugeistrahlverfahren nur auf einen sehr oberflächennahen Bereich des Werkstücks eingewirkt werden. Mit anderen Worten die erreichte Verdichtung reicht nur bis in eine sehr geringe Tiefe des Werkstücks, darunterliegende Bereiche bleiben unbeeinflußt.Finally, it is also known in the art to treat metal workpieces by molding by means of shot blasting. Hereby, a jet of hard material balls accelerated to a certain speed and of a small diameter is directed onto the surface of the workpiece. These balls transfer the kinetic energy stored in them on impact on the workpiece surface on them and cause a near-surface compaction. Although improved strength or increased load-bearing capacity of the metal workpieces treated in this way can also be determined with this method, this method proves unsafe in terms of its reproducibility. Also, the Kugeistrahlverfahren can only be acted on a very close to the surface region of the workpiece. In other words, the achieved compaction reaches only to a very small depth of the workpiece, underlying areas remain unaffected.
Ein besonders interessanter Bereich für derartige Nachbehandlungsverfahren stellen Räder bzw. Felgen für Räder dar, die naturgemäß im Einsatz sehr hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt sind. Diese Belastungen setzen sich zum einen zusammen aus Rotationsbelastungen und andererseits aus aufgrund von Unebenheiten der Auflage, auf der sich das Rad bewegt resultierenden Schwingbelastungen. Zusätzlich ist insbesondere im Pkw-Bereich die Nachfrage nach optisch ansprechend gestalteten Felgen gestiegen. So werden heute auch aus ästhetischen Gründen immer häufiger Felgen verlangt, die sich durch zwischen dem Felgenring, auf dem der Reifen aufsitzt und dem Felgenzentrum ausgebildete, filigrane Strukturen auszeichnen. Durch die damit einhergehenden vergleichsweise großen "Lücken" im Material lasten auf den verbleibenden Stegen besonders hohe Beanspruchungen. Eine solche Konstruktionsweise im Felgenbereich erfordert eine besonders intensive Nachbearbeitung der durch Formgebungsverfahren hergestellten Felgen, damit nicht aufgrund von im Material vorhandenen Spannungen Risse bzw. Ermüdungsbrüche auftreten, welche nicht zuletzt eine Gefährdung des Führers des mit den Felgen ausgestatteten Fahrzeuges bedeuten würden. Dabei ergibt sich das Erfordernis der filigranen Ausgestaltung der Felgen nicht allein aus ästhetischen Gesichtspunkten, sondem eine solche Ausgestaltung erweist sich auch hinsichtlich einer angestrebten Gewichtsreduzierung als vorteilhaft.A particularly interesting area for such aftertreatment methods are wheels or rims for wheels, which are naturally exposed to very high loads during use. These loads consist on the one hand of rotational loads and on the other hand due to unevenness of the support on which the wheel moves resulting vibration loads. In addition, the demand for visually appealing rims has increased, especially in the passenger car sector. For aesthetic reasons, wheel rims are increasingly required today, distinguished by filigree structures formed between the rim ring on which the tire rests and the rim center. Due to the associated comparatively large "gaps" in the material load on the remaining bars particularly high stresses. Such a manner of construction in the rim area requires a particularly intensive reworking of the rims produced by shaping processes, so that cracks or fatigue fractures do not occur due to stresses present in the material, which would not least endanger the driver of the vehicle equipped with the rims. In this case, the requirement of the filigree design of the rims arises not only from an aesthetic point of view, but such a design also proves to be advantageous in terms of a desired weight reduction.
Jedes der Dokumente DE-C-44 28 791, BE-A-670 315, Metal Science and Heat Treatment, Bd. 17, Nr. 3-4, 3.75, S. 262-264, US-A-3 276 918, US-A-6 171 415 beschreibt die Behandlung metallischer Werkstücke mittels Ultraschall. Das zweit- und das drittgenannte Dokument sprechen als zu behandelnden metallischen Werkstoff ausdrücklich Stahl an, gemäß den übrigen Dokumenten wird der Fachmann als zu behandelnden Werkstoff implizit (auch) Stahl oder Leichtmetall verstehen. In jedem der Dokumente ist eine Steigerung der Belastbarkeit infolge der Ultraschall-Behandlung angesprochen. Das erstgenannte Dokument zeigt ein offenbar durch Gießen hergestelltes Eisenbahnrad, wie es normalerweise aus Gußeisen oder Stahl gegossen wird.Each of the documents DE-C-44 28 791, BE-A-670 315, Metal Science and Heat Treatment, Vol. 17, No. 3-4, 3.75, pp. 262-264, US-A-3 276 918, US Pat. No. 6,171,415 describes the treatment of metal workpieces by means of ultrasound. The second and third documents expressly refer to steel as the metallic material to be treated, and according to the other documents the skilled person will implicitly (also) understand steel or light metal as the material to be treated. In each of the documents, an increase in the load capacity due to the ultrasound treatment is addressed. The former document shows a railway wheel, apparently made by casting, as is usually cast in cast iron or steel.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es die Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, welches unter Vermeidung im Stand der Technik bekannter Nachteile einfach und kostengünstig anwendbar ist und welches eine gezielte Behandlung des metallischen Rades an den Stellen erlaubt, an denen es besonders hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt ist.Based on this prior art, it is the object of the invention to provide a method of the type mentioned, which is simple and inexpensive to use while avoiding in the prior art known disadvantages and which allows a targeted treatment of the metallic wheel at the points where it exposed to particularly high loads.
Zur technischen Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art die in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmale vorgeschlagen. Das Werkstück wird nach einem Formgebungsverfahren zumindest bereichsweise einer Ultraschallbehandlung mit energiereichem Ultraschall unterzogen. Vorteilhafte, weitere Merkmale des Verfahrens sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angeführt.For technical solution of this problem, the features mentioned in claim 1 are proposed in a method of the type mentioned. The workpiece is at least partially subjected to ultrasonic treatment with high-energy ultrasound after a shaping process. Advantageous, further features of the method are given in the dependent claims.
Energiereicher Ultraschall im Sinne dieser Erfindung ist ein solcher Ultraschall, dessen Energiegehalt so bestimmt ist, daß er mit dem metallischen Material des Werkstücks in Wechselwirkung treten kann, um so eine Veränderung des Kristallgefüges in dem Werkstück zu bewirken. Dabei ist das Mindestmaß der erforderlichen Energie abhängig sowohl von der Art des metallischen Werkstoffes als auch von der erforderlichen Tiefe gemessen von der Oberfläche des Werkstücks, bis zu der die erfindungsgemäße Behandlung erfolgen soll. Eine Einstellung der jeweils erforderlichen Energie erfolgt dabei über die gewählte Frequenz. Eine Einstellung der Frequenz hat dabei auch unmittelbaren Einfluß auf die Eindringtiefe des Ultraschals in das zu behandelnde, metallische Material. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ultraschallbehandlung ist es erstmals möglich, einzelne Bereiche des Werkstücks ganz gezielt so zu behandeln, daß diese zu erwartenden, hohen Belastungen besser standhalten.High-energy ultrasound in the sense of this invention is such an ultrasound whose energy content is determined so that it can interact with the metallic material of the workpiece, so as to effect a change in the crystal structure in the workpiece. In this case, the minimum amount of energy required depends both on the type of metallic material and on the required depth, measured from the surface of the workpiece, up to which the treatment according to the invention is to take place. An adjustment of the energy required in each case takes place via the selected frequency. An adjustment of the frequency also has an immediate influence on the penetration depth of the ultrasound into the metallic material to be treated. With the ultrasonic treatment according to the invention, it is now possible to specifically treat individual areas of the workpiece in such a way that they better withstand expected high loads.
Für die eingangs erwähnten Felgen für Fahrzeugräder ergibt sich konkret, daß bei gezielter Ultraschallbehandlung der eingangs genannten, starken Belastungen ausgesetzten Teile eine Verbesserung der Stabilität dieser Teile erreicht werden kann, was zu einer höheren Leistung bei einer Felge gleichen Gewichts (also einer höheren, maximalen Radlast) bzw. in Folge von Designveränderungen zu einem geringeren Gewicht bei gleicher Leistung (also zu einem geringeren Radgewicht) führt.For the above-mentioned rims for vehicle wheels results concretely that with targeted ultrasound treatment of the initially mentioned, heavy loads exposed parts, an improvement in the stability of these parts can be achieved, resulting in a higher performance in a rim of equal weight (ie a higher, maximum wheel load ) or as a result of design changes to a lower weight at the same power (ie to a lower wheel weight) leads.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird in Kombination mit Simulationsrechnungen an konkreten Werkstücken in Form von Rädern durchgeführt. Ein aufgrund von Simulationsrechnungen gewonnenes Bild einer Verteilung spezifischer Beanspruchungen über das Werkstück wird dazu verwendet, gezielt diejenigen Bereiche des Werkstücks zu erfassen, die hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt sind, um diese mit Ultraschall erfindungsgemäß zu behandeln. Auch wenn hier die Vorteile einer lokal differenzierten Ultraschallbehandlung herausgehoben werden, ist es gleichfalls möglich und vorteilhaft, das gesamte Werkstück einer voll umfänglichen Ultraschallbehandlung zu unterziehen, um die Belastbarkeit des Werkstücks insgesamt zu verbessern.The method according to the invention is carried out in combination with simulation calculations on concrete workpieces in the form of wheels. An image of a distribution of specific stresses across the workpiece, obtained on the basis of simulation calculations, is used to specifically detect those regions of the workpiece which are subjected to high loads in order to treat them with ultrasound according to the invention. Even if the advantages of a locally differentiated ultrasound treatment are emphasized here, it is likewise possible and advantageous to subject the entire workpiece to a fully circumferential ultrasound treatment in order to improve the load capacity of the workpiece as a whole.
Um das Werkstück gezielt auf zu erwartende Betastungssituationen vorzubereiten, wird entweder das gesamte Werkstück oder werden einzelne Bereiche einer Mehrfachbehandlung mit Ultraschall unterzogen. Dabei ist es möglich, für die einzelnen Uitraschallbehandlungsstufen die verwendeten Ultraschallwellen unterschiedlich einzustellen. Das Werkstück wird nacheinander mit Ultraschallwellen verschiedener Frequenz und gegebenenfalls unterschiedlicher Amplituden behandelt. Mit einer solchen Behandlung kann beispielsweise das Material des Rades in verschiedenen Eindringtiefen unterschiedlich behandelt werden.In order to prepare the workpiece specifically for expected loading situations, either the entire workpiece or individual areas are subjected to multiple treatment with ultrasound. It is possible to set the ultrasonic waves used differently for each Uitraschallbehandlungsstufen. The workpiece is treated sequentially with ultrasonic waves of different frequency and possibly different amplitudes. With such a treatment, for example, the material of the wheel can be treated differently in different penetration depths.
Eine Verbesserung des Verfahrens ergibt sich dadurch, daß in dem Bereich des auf das Werkstück einwirkenden Ultraschalls zusätzlich Stoßkörper auf die Oberfläche des Werkstücks einwirken. Diese Stoßkörper beziehen die zur Stoßbehandlung der Oberfläche erforderliche Energie aus dem Ultraschall.An improvement of the method results from the fact that in the area of the ultrasound acting on the workpiece additionally impact bodies act on the surface of the workpiece. These impactors obtain the energy required for the impact treatment of the surface from the ultrasound.
Als zu behandelnde Metalle werden mit dieser Erfindung insbesondere Stahl, Leichtmetall bzw. Leichtmetallegierungen und im Falle letzterer insbesondere Aluminium bzw. Aluminiumlegierungen vorgeschlagen.As metals to be treated, this invention proposes, in particular, steel, light metal or light metal alloys, and in the case of the latter in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ultraschallbehandlung ist es möglich, aus Metall bestehende Räder so zu behandeln, daß sie eine deutliche Verbesserung in ihrer Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber starken Belastungen aufweisen. Ein weitererWith the ultrasonic treatment according to the invention, it is possible to treat existing metal wheels so that they have a significant improvement in their resistance to heavy loads. Another
Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hat sich überraschend herausgestellt. Das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ultraschallbehandelte Material weist neben einer verbesserten Belastbarkeit zusätzlich eine verringerte Korrosionsanfälligkeit auf. Oberflächen erfindungsgemäß behandelter Werkstücke zeigen sich in den behandelten Bereichen deutlich unanfälliger gegen Korrosionseinwirkungen. Advantage of the method has surprisingly been found. The ultrasonically treated material according to the invention, in addition to an improved load-bearing capacity, additionally has a reduced susceptibility to corrosion. Surfaces of workpieces treated according to the invention show in the treated areas significantly less susceptible to corrosion.
Claims (8)
- A method for the targeted treatment of regions of a wheel brought into a shape by means of a shaping process, particularly a passenger motor vehicle wheel, by ultrasound treatment in order to increase the static and/or dynamic load bearing ability, wherein, in a first method step, those regions of the workpiece which are subjected to high loads in subsequent use of the workpiece, are determined by means of simulation calculations and, in a second method step, the determined regions of the workpiece are subjected to a multiple ultrasound treatment with high energy ultrasound of pre-determinable frequency, each region of the workpiece being treated successively with ultrasound waves of different frequency, the frequencies being set in dependence on the metallic material and the depth of treatment, whereby, in addition to the ultrasound treatment, impact bodies are directed into the regions of the workpiece treated with the ultrasound onto its surface, which draw the energy necessary for the impact treatment of the surface from the ultrasound.
- A method as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that ultrasound with pre-determinable amplitude is used for the ultrasound treatment.
- A method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a workpiece of steel is treated with ultrasound.
- A method as claimed in one of the preceding claims 1 - 2, characterised in that a workpiece of light metal or of a light metal alloy is treated with ultrasound.
- A method as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that a workpiece of aluminium or of a aluminium alloy is treated with ultrasound.
- A method as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a metallic workpiece shaped by casting is treated with ultrasound.
- A method as claimed in one of the preceding claims 1 - 5, characterised in that a metallic workpiece shaped by forging is treated with ultrasound.
- A method as claimed in one of the preceding claims 1 -5, characterised in that a metallic workpiece shaped by a press deformation process is treated with ultrasound.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01104660A EP1234891B1 (en) | 2001-02-24 | 2001-02-24 | Process for ultra-sonic treatment of regions of a metal wheel |
| AT01104660T ATE316158T1 (en) | 2001-02-24 | 2001-02-24 | METHOD FOR THE TARGETED TREATMENT OF AREAS OF A METAL WHEEL WITH ULTRASOUND |
| DE50108718T DE50108718D1 (en) | 2001-02-24 | 2001-02-24 | Method for the targeted treatment of areas of a metal wheel with ultrasound |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01104660A EP1234891B1 (en) | 2001-02-24 | 2001-02-24 | Process for ultra-sonic treatment of regions of a metal wheel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1234891A1 EP1234891A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
| EP1234891B1 true EP1234891B1 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
Family
ID=8176599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01104660A Expired - Lifetime EP1234891B1 (en) | 2001-02-24 | 2001-02-24 | Process for ultra-sonic treatment of regions of a metal wheel |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1234891B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE316158T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE50108718D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102095799A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-06-15 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Method for detecting defect of 7 series aluminium alloy forge piece by ultrasonic testing with immersion type probe |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10205645B4 (en) * | 2002-02-12 | 2010-07-22 | Neef Gmbh & Co.Kg | Process for the aftertreatment of deformed stainless steel moldings |
| EP2562034B1 (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2017-10-04 | Adient Luxembourg Holding S.à r.l. | Profile component for a vehicle seat, method and device for producing a profile component |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE670315A (en) * | ||||
| US3276918A (en) * | 1963-06-11 | 1966-10-04 | Langenecker Bertwin | Method for strengthening metals |
| DE3405478A1 (en) * | 1984-02-16 | 1985-08-22 | Stolberger Metallwerke GmbH & Co KG von Asten, Lynen & Schleicher, 5190 Stolberg | Metallic flat profile, especially a metal strip |
| DE4428791C1 (en) * | 1994-08-13 | 1996-02-01 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Surface hardening process for metal objects using ultrasonic waves |
| US6171415B1 (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2001-01-09 | Uit, Llc | Ultrasonic impact methods for treatment of welded structures |
-
2001
- 2001-02-24 AT AT01104660T patent/ATE316158T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-24 EP EP01104660A patent/EP1234891B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-24 DE DE50108718T patent/DE50108718D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102095799A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-06-15 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Method for detecting defect of 7 series aluminium alloy forge piece by ultrasonic testing with immersion type probe |
| CN102095799B (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-27 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Method for detecting defect of 7 series aluminium alloy forge piece by ultrasonic testing with immersion type probe |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50108718D1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
| ATE316158T1 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
| EP1234891A1 (en) | 2002-08-28 |
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