EP1234891B1 - Procédé de traitement ultra-sonore de regions d'une roue de métal - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement ultra-sonore de regions d'une roue de métal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1234891B1
EP1234891B1 EP01104660A EP01104660A EP1234891B1 EP 1234891 B1 EP1234891 B1 EP 1234891B1 EP 01104660 A EP01104660 A EP 01104660A EP 01104660 A EP01104660 A EP 01104660A EP 1234891 B1 EP1234891 B1 EP 1234891B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
ultrasound
treated
treatment
regions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01104660A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1234891A1 (fr
Inventor
Dipl.Ing. Franz-Josef Völlmecke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Borbet GmbH
Original Assignee
Borbet GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Borbet GmbH filed Critical Borbet GmbH
Priority to AT01104660T priority Critical patent/ATE316158T1/de
Priority to DE50108718T priority patent/DE50108718D1/de
Priority to EP01104660A priority patent/EP1234891B1/fr
Publication of EP1234891A1 publication Critical patent/EP1234891A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1234891B1 publication Critical patent/EP1234891B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the targeted treatment of areas of a made by a molding process, made of metal wheel, in particular a car wheel, by ultrasonic treatment. This is intended to increase the static and / or dynamic load capacity of the wheel.
  • Metallic workpieces are generally brought into the desired shape by a variety of molding techniques.
  • a metallic workpiece can be formed by primary molding, for example by casting a liquid, metallic starting material into a casting mold that corresponds to the shape of the workpiece to be achieved.
  • primary molding for example by casting a liquid, metallic starting material into a casting mold that corresponds to the shape of the workpiece to be achieved.
  • dislocations occur which have a negative effect on the later loadability of the cast workpiece.
  • the dislocations in the crystal structure of the metallic material form stresses that can lead to cracking or fatigue fractures in later on the workpiece loads.
  • Even when formed by forming workpieces are due to the conditional by the change in shape during the forming process Change in the crystal structure dislocations and thus induces stresses in the metallic material.
  • a known, possible method for the aftertreatment of such a workpiece is a heat treatment.
  • the finished shaped workpieces are annealed at such a heat treatment in special, intended for this purpose tempering at high temperatures.
  • dislocations exist in the material and are compensated by reshaping the grain boundaries present in the metallic material.
  • the heat-treated metallic material of the workpiece is significantly more susceptible to stress than its state before tempering and can therefore be subjected to higher loads or is relatively less susceptible to material defects occurring as a result of material fatigue phenomena.
  • a disadvantage of this previously known method is the high expenditure of energy required to carry out a heat treatment, and, on the other hand, the lacking possibility of having a partially differentiated after-treatment for the workpiece.
  • Another method of aftertreatment known in the art consists in the so-called rolling out.
  • the finished molded workpiece is subjected to an external pressure by introducing between at least one pair of rollers, which helps to achieve a stress relief in the metallic workpiece and thus an increased load capacity of the workpiece.
  • this method known from the prior art can not be applied specifically to individual, critical areas of the workpiece.
  • a particularly interesting area for such aftertreatment methods are wheels or rims for wheels, which are naturally exposed to very high loads during use. These loads consist on the one hand of rotational loads and on the other hand due to unevenness of the support on which the wheel moves resulting vibration loads.
  • the demand for visually appealing rims has increased, especially in the passenger car sector.
  • wheel rims are increasingly required today, distinguished by filigree structures formed between the rim ring on which the tire rests and the rim center. Due to the associated comparatively large "gaps" in the material load on the remaining bars particularly high stresses.
  • Each of the documents DE-C-44 28 791, BE-A-670 315, Metal Science and Heat Treatment, Vol. 17, No. 3-4, 3.75, pp. 262-264, US-A-3 276 918, US Pat. No. 6,171,415 describes the treatment of metal workpieces by means of ultrasound.
  • the second and third documents expressly refer to steel as the metallic material to be treated, and according to the other documents the skilled person will implicitly (also) understand steel or light metal as the material to be treated.
  • an increase in the load capacity due to the ultrasound treatment is addressed.
  • the former document shows a railway wheel, apparently made by casting, as is usually cast in cast iron or steel.
  • High-energy ultrasound in the sense of this invention is such an ultrasound whose energy content is determined so that it can interact with the metallic material of the workpiece, so as to effect a change in the crystal structure in the workpiece.
  • the minimum amount of energy required depends both on the type of metallic material and on the required depth, measured from the surface of the workpiece, up to which the treatment according to the invention is to take place.
  • An adjustment of the energy required in each case takes place via the selected frequency.
  • An adjustment of the frequency also has an immediate influence on the penetration depth of the ultrasound into the metallic material to be treated.
  • rims for vehicle wheels results concretely that with targeted ultrasound treatment of the initially mentioned, heavy loads exposed parts, an improvement in the stability of these parts can be achieved, resulting in a higher performance in a rim of equal weight (ie a higher, maximum wheel load ) or as a result of design changes to a lower weight at the same power (ie to a lower wheel weight) leads.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out in combination with simulation calculations on concrete workpieces in the form of wheels.
  • An image of a distribution of specific stresses across the workpiece, obtained on the basis of simulation calculations, is used to specifically detect those regions of the workpiece which are subjected to high loads in order to treat them with ultrasound according to the invention.
  • either the entire workpiece or individual areas are subjected to multiple treatment with ultrasound. It is possible to set the ultrasonic waves used differently for each Uitraschall aspectscutn.
  • the workpiece is treated sequentially with ultrasonic waves of different frequency and possibly different amplitudes. With such a treatment, for example, the material of the wheel can be treated differently in different penetration depths.
  • An improvement of the method results from the fact that in the area of the ultrasound acting on the workpiece additionally impact bodies act on the surface of the workpiece. These impactors obtain the energy required for the impact treatment of the surface from the ultrasound.
  • this invention proposes, in particular, steel, light metal or light metal alloys, and in the case of the latter in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  • the ultrasonically treated material according to the invention in addition to an improved load-bearing capacity, additionally has a reduced susceptibility to corrosion.
  • Surfaces of workpieces treated according to the invention show in the treated areas significantly less susceptible to corrosion.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour le traitement sélectif de zones d'une roue composée de métal, mise en forme au moyen d'un procédé de formage, en particulier d'une roue d'automobile, par traitement ultrasonore afin d'augmenter sa capacité de charge statique et/ou dynamique, dans lequel, dans une première étape, les zones de la pièce qui seront exposées à de fortes contraintes lors d'une utilisation ultérieure de la pièce sont identifiées au moyen de calculs de simulation, et dans une deuxième étape, les zones de la pièce identifiées sont soumises à un traitement ultrasonore répété avec des ultrasons à haute énergie d'une fréquence pouvant être prédéterminée, chaque zone de la pièce étant successivement traitée avec des ondes ultrasonores de différentes fréquences, les fréquences étant réglées en fonction du matériau métallique et de la profondeur de traitement, et, en complément du traitement ultrasonore des zones de la pièce traitées avec les ultrasons, des éléments percuteurs sont guidés vers la surface de celle-ci, en tirant des ultrasons l'énergie nécessaire au traitement par percussion de la surface.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des ultrasons d'une amplitude pouvant être prédéterminée sont utilisés pour le traitement ultrasonore.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite une pièce en acier avec les ultrasons.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite une pièce en métal léger ou en alliage de métal léger avec les ultrasons.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite une pièce en aluminium ou en alliage d'aluminium avec les ultrasons.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite une pièce métallique mise en forme par coulée avec les ultrasons.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite une pièce métallique mise en forme par forgeage avec les ultrasons.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite une pièce métallique mise en forme par formage à la presse avec les ultrasons.
EP01104660A 2001-02-24 2001-02-24 Procédé de traitement ultra-sonore de regions d'une roue de métal Expired - Lifetime EP1234891B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT01104660T ATE316158T1 (de) 2001-02-24 2001-02-24 Verfahren zur gezielten behandlung von bereichen eines aus metall bestehenden rades mit ultraschall
DE50108718T DE50108718D1 (de) 2001-02-24 2001-02-24 Verfahren zur gezielten Behandlung von Bereichen eines aus Metall bestehenden Rades mit Ultraschall
EP01104660A EP1234891B1 (fr) 2001-02-24 2001-02-24 Procédé de traitement ultra-sonore de regions d'une roue de métal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01104660A EP1234891B1 (fr) 2001-02-24 2001-02-24 Procédé de traitement ultra-sonore de regions d'une roue de métal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1234891A1 EP1234891A1 (fr) 2002-08-28
EP1234891B1 true EP1234891B1 (fr) 2006-01-18

Family

ID=8176599

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01104660A Expired - Lifetime EP1234891B1 (fr) 2001-02-24 2001-02-24 Procédé de traitement ultra-sonore de regions d'une roue de métal

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1234891B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE316158T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50108718D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102095799A (zh) * 2010-12-21 2011-06-15 东北轻合金有限责任公司 一种7系铝合金锻件缺陷水浸探头超声波探伤的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10205645B4 (de) * 2002-02-12 2010-07-22 Neef Gmbh & Co.Kg Verfahren zum Nachbehandeln verformter Edelstahlformlinge
EP2562034B1 (fr) * 2011-08-25 2017-10-04 Adient Luxembourg Holding S.à r.l. Composant profilé d'un siège de véhicule, procédé et dispositif destinés à la fabrication d'un composant profilé

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE670315A (fr) *
US3276918A (en) * 1963-06-11 1966-10-04 Langenecker Bertwin Method for strengthening metals
DE3405478A1 (de) * 1984-02-16 1985-08-22 Stolberger Metallwerke GmbH & Co KG von Asten, Lynen & Schleicher, 5190 Stolberg Metallisches flachprofil, insbesondere metallband
DE4428791C1 (de) * 1994-08-13 1996-02-01 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verdichtung und Verfestigung von metallischen Bauteiloberflächen
US6171415B1 (en) * 1998-09-03 2001-01-09 Uit, Llc Ultrasonic impact methods for treatment of welded structures

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102095799A (zh) * 2010-12-21 2011-06-15 东北轻合金有限责任公司 一种7系铝合金锻件缺陷水浸探头超声波探伤的方法
CN102095799B (zh) * 2010-12-21 2012-06-27 东北轻合金有限责任公司 一种7系铝合金锻件缺陷水浸探头超声波探伤的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE316158T1 (de) 2006-02-15
DE50108718D1 (de) 2006-04-06
EP1234891A1 (fr) 2002-08-28

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