DE4305091C1 - One piece aluminium@ alloy wheel prodn. - by soln. annealing, quenching to working temp., extruding or rolling and then age hardening - Google Patents

One piece aluminium@ alloy wheel prodn. - by soln. annealing, quenching to working temp., extruding or rolling and then age hardening

Info

Publication number
DE4305091C1
DE4305091C1 DE4305091A DE4305091A DE4305091C1 DE 4305091 C1 DE4305091 C1 DE 4305091C1 DE 4305091 A DE4305091 A DE 4305091A DE 4305091 A DE4305091 A DE 4305091A DE 4305091 C1 DE4305091 C1 DE 4305091C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
rolling
alloy
blank
quenching
soln
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE4305091A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Horst Klein
Gernot Fischer
Heinz Lowak
Klaus Modricker
Gerd Moerchen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FUCHS OTTO FA
Original Assignee
FUCHS OTTO FA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE4305091A priority Critical patent/DE4305091C1/en
Application filed by FUCHS OTTO FA filed Critical FUCHS OTTO FA
Priority to KR1019950703462A priority patent/KR0178603B1/en
Priority to AT94904966T priority patent/ATE150992T1/en
Priority to EP94904966A priority patent/EP0684883B1/en
Priority to HU9502444A priority patent/HU212741B/en
Priority to JP6518528A priority patent/JPH08505660A/en
Priority to AU58788/94A priority patent/AU5878894A/en
Priority to PCT/DE1994/000063 priority patent/WO1994019127A1/en
Priority to CZ19952070A priority patent/CZ292222B6/en
Priority to SK1018-95A priority patent/SK279051B6/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4305091C1 publication Critical patent/DE4305091C1/en
Priority to NO952166A priority patent/NO301109B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
    • B21D53/264—Making other particular articles wheels or the like wheels out of a single piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
    • B21H1/10—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length rims for pneumatic tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

In the prodn. of a one-piece wheel of age-hardenable wrought aluminium alloy, in which a hot blank is extruded or rolled to a finished prod. and in which soln. annealing is carried out at 530 deg.C., followed by quenching and age hardening at 150-200 deg.C. the novelty is that after the blank is soln. annealed, it is quenched in a controlled manner to 290 deg.C. extruded or rolled to the finished prod. at this temp. without significant reheating and then artificially age hardened. ADVANTAGE - The process avoids wheel distortion, caused by quenching and subsequent turning, and reduces energy costs since reheating from ambient temp. to the working temp. and to the age hardening temp. is not required.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines einteiligen Leichtmetallrades aus einer aushärtbaren Al-Knetlegierung durch Fließdrücken oder Walzen aus einem Rohling, bei dem das Fließdrücken oder Walzen zum Fertig­ produkt im Warmzustand durchgeführt wird und bei dem ein Lösungsglühen bei Temperaturen von etwa 530°C in Abhängig­ keit vom Legierungstyp mit anschließendem Abschrecken und Warmsaushärten bei 150° bis 200°C erfolgt, sowie insbe­ sondere dessen Anwendung zur Herstellung eines einteiligen Leichtmetallrades aus einer Legierung des Types AlMgSi.The invention relates to a method for producing a one-piece alloy wheel made of a hardenable Wrought aluminum alloy by flow pressing or rolling from one Blank, in which the flow pressing or rolling to finish product is carried out in the warm state and in which a Solution annealing at temperatures of around 530 ° C depending alloy type with subsequent quenching and Warm curing takes place at 150 ° to 200 ° C, and esp special its application for the production of a one-piece Alloy wheel made of an alloy of the type AlMgSi.

Bei bekannten Verfahren dieser Art werden sogenannte Flansch­ rohlinge, bei denen der im Querschnitt etwa rechteckige Flansch radial aufgespalten und danach das Felgenbett aus­ gewalzt wird, oder sogenannte Topfrohlinge eingesetzt, bei denen aus dem entsprechend geformten Randbereich das Felgen­ bett mit Unterstützung ebenfalls ausgewalzt wird. In known methods of this type, so-called flanges are used blanks in which the cross section is approximately rectangular Split the flange radially and then remove the rim well is rolled, or so-called pot blanks used, at those from the correspondingly shaped edge area the rims bed is also rolled out with support.  

Vor dem Aufspalten und Fertigwalzen des Flanschrohlinges oder dem Fertigwalzen von Topfrohlingen in einem Arbeits­ gang werden bei einem bekannten Verfahren die Rohlinge auf einen Temperaturbereich von 150° bis 250°C erwärmt. Nach der Fertigstellung erfolgt eine Lösungsglühung bei Temperaturen von etwa 530°C in Abhängigkeit vom Legierungs­ typ und eine Warmaushärtung bei 150° bis 200°C.Before splitting and finish rolling the flange blank or the finish rolling of pot blanks in one work The blanks are used in a known method heated to a temperature range of 150 ° to 250 ° C. After completion, the solution is annealed at Temperatures of around 530 ° C depending on the alloy type and heat curing at 150 ° to 200 ° C.

Beim Lösungsglühen und Abschrecken der gewalzten Rohlinge besteht die Gefahr eines starken Verzuges, insbesondere des Felgenbettes. Außerdem erfordert das Erwärmen zur Walzbearbeitung einen hohen zusätzlichen Energieaufwand.When solution annealing and quenching the rolled blanks there is a risk of a severe delay, in particular of the rim well. It also requires heating Roll processing a high additional energy expenditure.

Der Zweck der Erfindung besteht darin, weitgehend den Verzug des fertiggewalzten Teils zu vermeiden und den Energieaufwand bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu verringern.The purpose of the invention is largely that To avoid warping of the finished rolled part and the Energy expenditure in a process of the aforementioned Kind of decrease.

Gelöst wird diese Erfindungsaufgabe mit einem Verfahren der genannten Art, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß nach dem Lösungsglühen der Rohling in Abhängigkeit vom Legierungstyp auf etwa 200°C kontrolliert abgeschreckt, bei dieser Temperatur unter Vermeidung stärkerer Erwärmung zum Fertigprodukt fließgedrückt oder gewalzt und danach warmausgehärtet wird.This invention task is solved with a method of mentioned type, which is characterized in that after solution annealing the blank depending on Alloy type controlled quenched to about 200 ° C, at this temperature while avoiding excessive heating flow-pressed or rolled to the finished product and then is thermoset.

Das kontrollierte Abschrecken des ungewalzten Rohlinges aus dem Lösungsglühvorgang in Abhängigkeit vom Legierungs­ typ auf etwa 200°C und das anschließende Fertigwalzen ver­ meiden weitgehend einen Verzug des fertiggewalzten Teils, der durch Abschreckung und nachfolgende Drehbearbeitung hervorgerufen wurde. Durch das kontrollierte Abschrecken des Rohlings in Abhängigkeit vom Legierungstyp auf eine Temperatur von etwa 200°C, gegebenenfalls durch eine Wieder­ erwärmung auf dieses Temperaturniveau, wird gegenüber dem bekannten Verfahren, bei dem die Wiedererwärmung von der Umgebungstemperatur erfolgt, eine Energieersparnis von beträchtlicher Art erreicht. Bei diesem Temperatur­ niveau von etwa 200°C in Abhängigkeit vom Legierungstyp erfolgt die Aufspaltung des Rohlings und anschließend das Fließdrücken oder Walzen eines Topfrohlings zum Fertigprodukt. Das Auswalzen des Rohlings nach dem kontrollierten Ab­ schrecken von der Lösungsglühtemperatur führt darüber hinaus zu verbesserter Werkstoff-Gefügeausbildung und somit auch zu verbesserten Gebrauchseigenschaften. In bekannter Weise erfolgt danach die Warmaushärtung.The controlled quenching of the unmilled blank from the solution annealing process depending on the alloy type to about 200 ° C and the subsequent finishing rolling largely avoid warpage of the finished rolled part, by deterrence and subsequent turning was caused. By controlled quenching of the blank to one depending on the alloy type  Temperature of about 200 ° C, optionally by a re heating to this temperature level is compared the known process in which the reheating of the ambient temperature, an energy saving of considerable kind. At this temperature level of around 200 ° C depending on the type of alloy the blank is split and then that Flow pressing or rolling a pot blank to the finished product. Rolling out the blank after the controlled Ab horror of the solution annealing temperature also leads to improved material structure formation and thus also to improved performance properties. In a known way then the heat curing takes place.

Zur Erfindung gehört auch der Vorschlag, das Abschrecken nach dem Lösungsglühen mit hoher Abschreckgeschwindigkeit über Wasserbrausen mit definierter Wassermenge und Wasser­ temperatur durchzuführen. Hierdurch werden gute mechanische Eigenschaften erreicht. Möglich ist jedoch auch das Ab­ schrecken von mehreren Rohlingen in geeigneten Gestellen über entsprechende Wasserberieselung.The proposal also includes quenching after solution annealing with high quenching rate over water showers with a defined amount of water and water temperature. This makes good mechanical Properties achieved. However, the Ab is also possible scare of several blanks in suitable racks about appropriate water sprinkling.

Bevorzugt findet ein solches Verfahren Anwendung zur Her­ stellung eines einteiligen Leichtmetallrades aus einer Legierung des Typs AlMgSi. Such a method is preferably used for manufacturing position of a one-piece alloy wheel from one AlMgSi alloy.  

Weiter ist es von Vorteil, die Walztemperatur von etwa 200°C in Ab­ hängigkeit von Legierungstyp, die jedoch während des Walz- oder Drückvorganges beibehalten werden muß, für die nachfolgende Warmaushärtung auszunutzen.It is also advantageous to reduce the rolling temperature of about 200 ° C in Ab dependency on alloy type, however, during the rolling or Pressing process must be maintained for the subsequent Take advantage of heat curing.

Infolge des geringeren Verzuges des fertiggewalzten Rohlings kann das sogenannte Drehaufmaß für das Felgenbett erheblich verringert werden. Rundlaufabweichungen und Unwucht werden verringert.As a result of the less distortion of the finished rolled blank the so-called turning allowance for the rim base can be significantly reduced. Concentricity and imbalance are reduced.

Claims (4)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines einteiligen Leichtmetall­ rades aus einer aushärtbaren Aluminium-Knetlegierung durch Fließdrücken oder Walzen aus einem Rohling, bei dem das Fließdrücken oder Walzen zum Fertigprodukt im Warmzu­ stand durchgeführt wird und bei dem ein Lösungsglühen bei Temperaturen von etwa 530°C in Abhängigkeit vom Legierungstyp mit anschließendem Abschrecken und Warmaushärten bei 150° bis 200°C erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Lösungsglühen der Rohling in Abhängigkeit vom Legierungs­ typ auf etwa 200°C kontrolliert abgeschreckt, bei dieser Temperatur unter Vermeidung stärkerer Erwärmung zum Fertigprodukt fließgedrückt oder gewalzt und danach warmausgehärtet wird.1. A method for producing a one-piece light metal wheel from a hardenable wrought aluminum alloy by flow pressing or rolling from a blank, in which the flow pressing or rolling to the finished product is carried out in the Warmzu state and in which solution annealing at temperatures of about 530 ° C in dependence of the alloy type with subsequent quenching and heat hardening at 150 ° to 200 ° C, characterized in that after solution annealing the blank is quenched to about 200 ° C in a controlled manner depending on the alloy type, flow pressed or rolled at this temperature while avoiding excessive heating to the finished product and then heat cured. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß beim kontrollierten Abkühlen zunächst die Walztemperatur unterschritten wird und danach wieder auf Walztemperatur erwärmt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized records that in the controlled cooling initially the rolling temperature is fallen below and then is reheated to the rolling temperature. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß der einzelne Rohling mit hoher Ab­ schreckgeschwindigkeit über Wasserbrausen mit defi­ nierter Wassermenge und Wassertemperatur abgeschreckt wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized records that the single blank with high Ab shock rate over water showers with defi quenched water quantity and water temperature becomes. 4. Anwendung eines Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der vorangegangenen Ansprüche zur Herstellung eines einteiligen Leichtmetallrades aus einer Legierung des Typs AlMgSi.4. Application of a method according to one or more of the preceding claims for the manufacture of a one-piece alloy wheel made of an alloy of Type AlMgSi.
DE4305091A 1993-02-19 1993-02-19 One piece aluminium@ alloy wheel prodn. - by soln. annealing, quenching to working temp., extruding or rolling and then age hardening Expired - Fee Related DE4305091C1 (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4305091A DE4305091C1 (en) 1993-02-19 1993-02-19 One piece aluminium@ alloy wheel prodn. - by soln. annealing, quenching to working temp., extruding or rolling and then age hardening
CZ19952070A CZ292222B6 (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Process for producing one-piece wheel from hardenable aluminium alloy and employment of such process
EP94904966A EP0684883B1 (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Process for manufacturing a light metal wheel in a single piece from a wrought aluminium material
HU9502444A HU212741B (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Process for manufacturing a light metal wheel in a single piece from a wrought aluminium material
JP6518528A JPH08505660A (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Method for manufacturing an integral light metal wheel made of aluminum wrought material
AU58788/94A AU5878894A (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Process for manufacturing a light metal wheel in a single piece from a wrought aluminium material
KR1019950703462A KR0178603B1 (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Process for manufacturing a light metal wheel in a single piece from a wrought aluminum material
AT94904966T ATE150992T1 (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 METHOD FOR PRODUCING A ONE-PIECE ALLOY WHEEL FROM AN ALUMINUM WROUGHT MATERIAL
SK1018-95A SK279051B6 (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Process for manufacturing a light metal wheel in a single piece from a wrought aluminium material.
PCT/DE1994/000063 WO1994019127A1 (en) 1993-02-19 1994-01-22 Process for manufacturing a light metal wheel in a single piece from a wrought aluminium material
NO952166A NO301109B1 (en) 1993-02-19 1995-06-01 Method of manufacturing a one-piece light alloy wheel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4305091A DE4305091C1 (en) 1993-02-19 1993-02-19 One piece aluminium@ alloy wheel prodn. - by soln. annealing, quenching to working temp., extruding or rolling and then age hardening

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4305091C1 true DE4305091C1 (en) 1994-03-10

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DE4305091A Expired - Fee Related DE4305091C1 (en) 1993-02-19 1993-02-19 One piece aluminium@ alloy wheel prodn. - by soln. annealing, quenching to working temp., extruding or rolling and then age hardening

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0684883B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08505660A (en)
KR (1) KR0178603B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE150992T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5878894A (en)
CZ (1) CZ292222B6 (en)
DE (1) DE4305091C1 (en)
HU (1) HU212741B (en)
NO (1) NO301109B1 (en)
SK (1) SK279051B6 (en)
WO (1) WO1994019127A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19503620A1 (en) * 1995-02-03 1996-08-08 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Process for forming a plate-shaped component
DE19824978A1 (en) * 1998-06-04 1999-12-09 Volkswagen Ag Age hardening process for aluminum components in cataphoretic dip lacquered aluminum vehicle body or subassembly production
DE10043562C2 (en) * 1999-09-16 2003-09-18 Honsel Profilprodukte Gmbh Process for the heat treatment of extruded profiles
EP1287925A3 (en) * 2001-08-24 2004-04-28 Audi Ag A process for the forming of metal alloy wheel rims
DE10330400A1 (en) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-20 Alutec-Belte Ag Process for quenching cast part made from light metal alloy comprises using gaseous quenching medium
WO2012084177A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Tata Steel Nederland Technology B.V. Method of manufacturing a metal vehicle wheel and vehicle wheel
CN103128267A (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-05 福特全球技术公司 Method for forming an F-temper aluminum alloy

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2295341A (en) * 1994-11-25 1996-05-29 Asahi Tec Corp Method for spinning vehicle wheel
CA2361760C (en) * 1999-02-12 2008-01-15 Ulf Tundal Aluminium alloy containing magnesium and silicon
DE19909519B4 (en) * 1999-03-04 2006-06-08 Leifeld Metal Spinning Gmbh Method for producing a light metal wheel
DE102011102848B4 (en) * 2011-05-30 2021-11-18 Audi Ag Process for the production of a wheel spider of a one-piece light metal vehicle wheel
JP6099475B2 (en) * 2013-05-01 2017-03-22 本田技研工業株式会社 Al-Mg-Si-based alloy member and manufacturing method thereof
US9757784B2 (en) 2015-03-10 2017-09-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Temperature measurement device for metal sheet

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579604A (en) * 1982-07-08 1986-04-01 Ni Industries, Inc. Method of spin forging a finished article
US4708749A (en) * 1984-11-27 1987-11-24 Ardal Og Sunndal Verk A.S. Method of calibrating vehicle wheels to a finished size

Family Cites Families (3)

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JP2627741B2 (en) * 1986-08-28 1997-07-09 旭テック株式会社 Manufacturing method for vehicle wheels
JPH01233031A (en) * 1988-03-14 1989-09-18 Kobe Steel Ltd Manufacture of wheel
JPH05287467A (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-11-02 Asahi Tec Corp Production of molded al alloy formed by spinning

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579604A (en) * 1982-07-08 1986-04-01 Ni Industries, Inc. Method of spin forging a finished article
US4708749A (en) * 1984-11-27 1987-11-24 Ardal Og Sunndal Verk A.S. Method of calibrating vehicle wheels to a finished size

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19503620A1 (en) * 1995-02-03 1996-08-08 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Process for forming a plate-shaped component
DE19503620C2 (en) * 1995-02-03 1998-07-16 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Process for forming a plate-shaped component
DE19824978A1 (en) * 1998-06-04 1999-12-09 Volkswagen Ag Age hardening process for aluminum components in cataphoretic dip lacquered aluminum vehicle body or subassembly production
DE19824978B4 (en) * 1998-06-04 2007-07-05 Volkswagen Ag A method of curing aluminum components of a vehicle body or a vehicle body assembly
DE10043562C2 (en) * 1999-09-16 2003-09-18 Honsel Profilprodukte Gmbh Process for the heat treatment of extruded profiles
EP1287925A3 (en) * 2001-08-24 2004-04-28 Audi Ag A process for the forming of metal alloy wheel rims
DE10330400A1 (en) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-20 Alutec-Belte Ag Process for quenching cast part made from light metal alloy comprises using gaseous quenching medium
WO2012084177A1 (en) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Tata Steel Nederland Technology B.V. Method of manufacturing a metal vehicle wheel and vehicle wheel
CN103128267A (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-05 福特全球技术公司 Method for forming an F-temper aluminum alloy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5878894A (en) 1994-09-14
ATE150992T1 (en) 1997-04-15
HU212741B (en) 1996-10-28
KR960700838A (en) 1996-02-24
HUT71759A (en) 1996-01-29
SK279051B6 (en) 1998-06-03
NO952166L (en) 1995-06-16
JPH08505660A (en) 1996-06-18
KR0178603B1 (en) 1999-02-18
HU9502444D0 (en) 1995-10-30
SK101895A3 (en) 1997-06-04
WO1994019127A1 (en) 1994-09-01
CZ292222B6 (en) 2003-08-13
CZ207095A3 (en) 1996-03-13
EP0684883A1 (en) 1995-12-06
NO301109B1 (en) 1997-09-15
NO952166D0 (en) 1995-06-01
EP0684883B1 (en) 1997-04-02

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