EP1279502A1 - Plages de contrôle pour héliogravure - Google Patents

Plages de contrôle pour héliogravure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1279502A1
EP1279502A1 EP02405296A EP02405296A EP1279502A1 EP 1279502 A1 EP1279502 A1 EP 1279502A1 EP 02405296 A EP02405296 A EP 02405296A EP 02405296 A EP02405296 A EP 02405296A EP 1279502 A1 EP1279502 A1 EP 1279502A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
color
fields
strip
field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02405296A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1279502B1 (fr
Inventor
Karolina Rosenberger
Fabian Bönsch
Matthias Reinhold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3A Composites International AG
Original Assignee
Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP01810697A external-priority patent/EP1275502A1/fr
Application filed by Alcan Technology and Management Ltd filed Critical Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
Priority to EP20020405296 priority Critical patent/EP1279502B1/fr
Publication of EP1279502A1 publication Critical patent/EP1279502A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1279502B1 publication Critical patent/EP1279502B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
    • B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
    • B41P2233/51—Marks on printed material for colour quality control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control strip or control block containing an arrangement of control fields for checking and / or controlling the single or multi-color printing of a gravure printing process.
  • the color concentration (relative composition of the printing inks from color concentrate, blend and solvent) is one of the most important parameters that must be checked. It has a decisive influence on the color of the process and the color and tonal quality of the printed product. The color concentration in turn depends on the nature of the substrate to be printed on which a specific color impression is to be produced. Today, the quality is assessed practically exclusively by the eye and with the aid of densitometers.
  • the quality check is carried out using control strips or control blocks, each of which is composed of an arrangement of control fields.
  • control strips The arrangement of several control fields is called control strips or control blocks.
  • a control strip is understood to be a one-dimensional sequence of control fields.
  • a control block is a two-dimensional arrangement of control fields.
  • control strips printed in one color or intended for monochrome printing, and control blocks printed in multicolor or intended for multicolor printing.
  • print control strips those which are used exclusively for monitoring the copy are called copy control strips, while strips which can serve both purposes are only referred to as control strips.
  • a control field is an area on which one or more picture elements are arranged for test purposes, the latter can e.g. Halftone dots, lines or full tones, according to DIN 16 527 Part 1, the term control field refers to a test area that is transferred to a flat substrate (e.g. a film) in a directly visible form, regardless of whether the information was previously in analogue (e.g. film ) or in digital form (e.g. magnetic memory, video disc).
  • a flat substrate e.g. a film
  • analogue e.g. film
  • digital form e.g. magnetic memory, video disc
  • Control strips and control blocks are used for the visual or metrological control of copying and printing processes, for example for proofing or production printing on printing machines according to the principles of planographic printing, gravure printing, high-pressure printing or printing.
  • control means Another application of such control means is the control or regulation of the pressure during production.
  • the former application can take place after a visual as well as after a metrological evaluation of one or more control fields, the latter application only after a metrological evaluation.
  • densitometers or color measuring devices such as Spectrophotometer used. Both devices use a measurement spot to measure the optical energy reflected by a printed control panel.
  • Control fields intended for metrological and / or visual evaluation either consist of a solid tone field, i.e. a fully printed surface or a surface intended for full surface printing or a grid, i.e. an area resolved into printed dots or lines intended for printing. Both full tones and screen tones can be monochrome or multicolor.
  • a control field on the substrate to be printed is called multicolored if it was created by overprinting several printing inks. Overprinting here means a print in which inks of different colors are applied to the same surface.
  • printing inks are understood to mean pigment layers which, for example, are transferred as suspensions by a printing machine to the substrate to be printed.
  • Printing inks whose pigments are the primary colors used for multi-color printing, e.g. Producing black (K), cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y) (yellow) in four-color printing is called a scale printing ink.
  • a first category of control fields includes the multi-colored control fields for visual assessment or measurement, such as the solid color fields of the secondary colors blue, green, red, the tertiary color black, which are generated by the overprinting of the colorful primary colors (CMY), and the gray balance fields.
  • CMSY colorful primary colors
  • the gray balance fields are, according to DIN 16527 Part 1., multi-colored grid fields, in which the color densities of the printing inks involved are in such a numerical relationship that a print produced under undisturbed, average printing conditions appears achromatic to the eye, ie neutral gray. From a minimum viewing distance, achromatic-looking, printed gray balance fields cannot be distinguished from grid fields that are only printed with the achromatic ink black (K).
  • control fields are the monochrome control fields of the scale printing inks (CMYK) and, if applicable, the special printing inks. These control fields enable you to control the optical density and the color location of the specified printing inks or special inks e.g. using a densitometer.
  • the geometry of the control fields is such that their shape is adapted to the customary shape of the measuring spots of densitometers and other reflectometers. They are therefore rectangular in the case of measuring devices with an elliptical measuring spot and square, circular or hexagonal in the case of circular measuring spots.
  • the different substrate surfaces have a decisive influence on the ink transfer from the printing form to the substrate.
  • the printing areas are recessed compared to the non-printing areas in the printing form.
  • the printing ink to be applied lies in the printing depressions, the so-called halves.
  • the grid cells are mutually delimited by so-called webs or web surfaces, which are elevated and accordingly do not carry any printing ink.
  • the grid cups are of a stepped size. During the printing process, the color in the printing zone is transferred from the halftone cups to the substrate to be printed.
  • the color elements above a certain tonal value also known as color coverage or ink coverage value
  • color coverage or ink coverage value tend to flow on the substrate to be printed and flood the substrate surface, which results in a higher tonal value than that according to the target value is provided.
  • the sudden increase in the tonal value caused by the flooding of the printing area should not be confused with the so-called tonal value increase.
  • the dot gain indicates how large the area coverage on the printed substrate is compared to the target value, for example based on a template, it is based however, due to the increase in the size of the color elements on the printed substrate compared to the original and can occur at all degrees of area coverage without abrupt changes.
  • a so-called color jump occurs for a certain tonal value or tonal value range, i.e. there is a sudden increase in the area coverage.
  • the color jump is due to the aforementioned flooding of the grid area, i.e. the applied color elements begin to flow into one another and combine with one another, the spaces created by the webs or web surfaces being filled with printing ink.
  • the dot orders start to fuse with one another from a certain area coverage and color bridges are formed between the dots, as a result of which the color gaps are completely covered with printing ink with a sudden increase in the area coverage.
  • a further increase in the tonal values above the flooding area consequently only affects the color density in that the layer thickness of the color increases.
  • the predetermined tonal values, which are converted to the printing form, called target values in this text, are therefore difficult to achieve in the area of such a color jump. It is therefore desirable to detect and localize this color jump in order to be able to influence the printing process accordingly. Since the occurrence of the color jump depends very much on the nature of the substrate to be printed and the printing ink, as well as on various process parameters, the problem of the color jump can only be tackled individually for each printing process.
  • Control strips or control blocks of the prior art also have the disadvantage that the optical density (color density) of the individual primary colors can only be checked by measuring the single-color control fields (solid color field) of the primary colors using densitometers.
  • the color densities can therefore not be continuously monitored using the aforementioned measurement method due to the expense involved in the production run.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, with regard to a wide variety of materials or substrates to be printed, the arrangement of control fields of a control strip or control block for a gravure printing process, which should enable the detection of a color jump in the tonal range.
  • an arrangement of control fields is to be proposed which allows the density values of the primary colors to be checked.
  • the control strip or control block contains a color gradient control field in the form of a strip-shaped grid of a primary color, preferably the primary color black (K), for determining the flooding of the grid when a certain area coverage is reached, the color gradient control field reproduces a course of the tone values in a tone value range of at least 0% and at most 100% over its longitudinal extension in a tone value range of at least 0% and at most 100%, the strip-shaped grid being assigned means for displaying the associated set values of the tone values in the grid.
  • K primary color black
  • the nominal value of a tonal value depends on the grid field that is effectively engraved on the printing cylinder.
  • the means for displaying the target values of the tonal values in the grid preferably comprise a tone value scale assigned to the grid on the longitudinal longitudinal edge of the color gradient control field.
  • the course of the target values of the degrees of area coverage is preferably linearly increasing or decreasing.
  • the grid preferably has a grid of points.
  • the course of the target values of the tonal values in the grid is preferably reproduced for the range from 0% to 100%. Since the critical tonal value at which said color jump occurs can be in a similar tonal value range for a class of substrates to be printed, for such a class of substrates only a certain section of the tonal value range from 0-100% be printed as a control panel.
  • the reproduction of the course of the target values of the tonal values in the grid field can therefore be limited in particular to the tonal value range from 50% to 100% and advantageously to the range from 70% -100%.
  • the color gradient control field allows the color jump in the grid to be determined or checked continuously visually or with a measuring device and to be assigned to a specific tone value or tonal value range (nominal value) using the tonal value scale on the side. Knowing this critical tonal value or tonal value range, for example, the aforementioned tonal value range can be specifically avoided in the print template in the preparation for printing.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a method for checking and / or controlling the single-color or multi-color printing of a gravure printing method by means of a color gradient control field described above, wherein the color jump, which occurs due to the flooding of the grid when a certain area coverage is reached, is determined and determined from the color gradient control field the associated setpoint or setpoint range of the tonal values is assigned to the color jump, and the determined setpoint or setpoint range in which the color jump occurs is adopted in an image processing process for making corresponding corrections.
  • the color densities of the primary colors (CMY) are therefore monitored using gray balance control fields, whereby these are not measured densitometrically, but are checked for constancy visually by comparison with the adjacent achromatic black grid fields. So you monitor the constancy of the gray balance fields and not how the individual primary printing inks (CMY) behave.
  • the first and second control subfield of a multi-range control field preferably have matching color values, i.e. a matching color impression.
  • the multi-area control fields essentially represent the structure of the gray axis of the primary colors CMY on the one hand and black (K) on the other.
  • the multi-area control fields are preferably in two parts. Furthermore, they are preferably arranged in the order of increasing or decreasing tonal values, preferably immediately and in an abutting manner, with the gray balance fields lying adjacent to one another on an axis and the achromatic black grid fields lying adjacent to one another on an axis.
  • the multi-area control panel is preferably rectangular or square. However, it can also be circular or elliptical, or a polygonal, e.g. hexagonal, structure.
  • the division of the multi-area control field into a first and second control subfield can be done in any way. The division should, however, be such that a direct visual comparison of the first control subfield with the second control subfield of the multi-range control field is possible.
  • the multi-area control field can, for example, be divided into a core area and an edge area as subfields, the core area preferably being dimensioned such that it can be measured with a color measuring device.
  • the gray balance fields and preferably the achromatic black grid fields can be arranged in the core area.
  • the multi-area control field is preferably in a rectangular or square shape and is divided into two rectangular control subfields that are as large as possible.
  • control strip or control block also contains an arrangement of control fields in the form of single-color grid fields of the primary colors CMY with, preferably uniformly, graded tonal values of 0-100%. That A control field is created for each primary color for a certain number of tonal values in the range of 0-100%.
  • the multi-range control fields and / or the single-color grid fields of the primary colors (CMY) preferably each contain a multi-range control field or control field as a full-tone field (100%).
  • the aforementioned single-color control fields of the primary colors (CMY), as well as the gray balance fields and thus also the achromatic black grid fields, are advantageously created for the tonal values 5%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%, 100% being a full-tone field equivalent.
  • control fields of the individual primary colors are preferably arranged in the order of increasing or decreasing area coverage, preferably immediately and adjacent to one another.
  • the gray axis created from black (K) serves as a reference for the CMY gray axis (gray balance fields) with regard to color density at certain tonal values (taking into account the tonal value increase). If there are striking differences from the visual comparison of the two control subfields, that is, if the gray balance fields contain a color cast, a discrepancy in the color densities of the primary colors (CMY) can be derived from this. This discrepancy can be caused, for example, by a disturbed ink acceptance of one or more printing inks (CMY).
  • the color densities can be measured in a next step from the solid color control fields (100%) of the primary colors CMY using a densitometer and compared with the target values.
  • control fields according to the invention consequently permits continuous (visual) monitoring of the color densities of the primary colors CMY during the print run, without the color densities of the primary colors CMY having to be continuously individually measured.
  • the substrate to be printed is preferably a film, in particular a flexible packaging film.
  • the packaging film can be transparent, translucent, opaque and / or stained or colored.
  • the packaging films can contain colored, reflective or metallized surface layers and have optically colored, reflective and / or metallizing surfaces.
  • the printable packaging films can be mono films or film composites.
  • the packaging films can contain or consist of layers or films made of plastic, such as polyolefins, polyesters, polypropylenes, polyamides or of metals, such as aluminum, iron, steel or alloys thereof, or of cellulose materials, such as paper, glassine, or cellophane.
  • the surfaces to be printed can be made, for example, from one of the aforementioned papers, plastics or metals. Furthermore, the surface to be printed can be a ceramic coating.
  • the thickness of the packaging material can e.g. from 5 to 1000 ⁇ m, in particular from 7 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the color densities of the individual primary colors (CMY) of the gray balance fields are preferably adapted to the optical and / or mechanical properties of the substrate to be printed.
  • the color densities of the primary colors (CMY) must therefore be defined in advance for the creation of the gray balance fields.
  • a test form e.g. created an IT 8.7 / 3 test form according to ISO 300.
  • the proof is printed on the same substrate class as the subsequent edition print.
  • the test form is then measured using a spectrophotometer. Based on the measured test form, a so-called ICC input profile (International Color Consortium) is created. This means that the measured device values are converted into the device-independent L * a * b color space.
  • the L * a * b values of the achromatic black gray values are subsequently determined on the basis of the measured test form.
  • the gray values from CMY for the corresponding achromatic black gray values are then calculated on the basis of the ICC input profile.
  • the values obtained are used as the basis for the subsequent print run.
  • the control fields with the reference symbols 1 to 4 represent single-color grid fields of the primary colors CMYK with different tonal values.
  • the reference symbols 1 refer to control fields of the primary color cyan (C), the reference symbols 2 to control fields of the primary color magenta (M), the reference symbols 3 to control fields the primary color yellow (Y) and the reference numerals 4 on control subfields of the primary color achromatic black (K).
  • the letters a to f stand for different tonal values, with a standing for a tonal value of 100%, b for 80%, c for 60%, d for 40%, e for 20% and f for 5%.
  • the reference number 2f accordingly refers to the number 2 and letter e to a control field of the primary color magenta (M) with an area coverage of 20%.
  • the control fields described are adjacent and arranged in an abutting manner.
  • control subfields 4 of the primary color black correspond to half of a multi-range control field 6, the size of which corresponds to the control fields 1, 2, 3 of the primary colors (CMY).
  • the second control subfield is occupied by the colorful gray balance fields 5.
  • the control subfields are arranged such that a gray balance field 5 is always opposite to a achromatic black grid field 4 with the same color impression.
  • the reference number of the control field 6f formed from the partial control fields 4f and 5f is shown as an example in FIG. 1.
  • This arrangement allows the visual control of the gray balance fields in direct comparison to the achromatic black grid fields, which represent the reference values. If the printing process is correct and the color reproduction is undisturbed, the two opposite control fields should each leave the same color impression. However, if the gray balance fields deviate from the achromatic black grid fields, the color density of the primary colors in the full-tone control fields 1a, 2a, 3a must be measured using a densitometer in order to determine any discrepancies in the color densities.
  • any other gradation of the tonal values can be made.
  • the gradation of the tone values can be varied with additional control fields or by omitting control fields.
  • the size and type of subdivision of the two-part control fields can vary as desired.
  • the multi-range control fields correspond to the size of the control fields of the primary colors (CMY).
  • FIG. 3 shows the multi-area control fields 6 with the control subfields 4 and 5 according to the description of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a color gradient control field 10 with a strip-shaped grid 11.
  • the strip-shaped grid 11 reproduces the linear progression of the tonal values from 0 to 100%, which is continuous according to target values.
  • FIG. 2 shows only a section of such a color gradient control field 10.
  • a value scale 12 with the associated target values of the tonal values is arranged as a percentage on the side of the strip-shaped grid 11.
  • the gradation or resolution of the value scale can be arbitrary, in the present embodiment it has proven to be advantageous to list tonal values in increments of 3% each.
  • the arrangement allows the color jump in the strip-shaped grid 11 to be determined visually or with a measuring device and to assign the color jump to the corresponding tone value or tonal value range on the basis of the associated tonal value specifications listed on the side.
  • control strip or control block can also contain other control fields, such as control fields for the secondary colors red, green, blue from the overprinting of the primary colors (CMY), black (K), achromatic grid fields with a tonal value of 50% with different grid patterns, such as dot and line grids , a Siemens star to check the resolution and / or a register field to check the register shift.
  • CY primary colors
  • K black
  • achromatic grid fields with a tonal value of 50% with different grid patterns such as dot and line grids
  • Siemens star to check the resolution and / or a register field to check the register shift.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Facsimile Image Signal Circuits (AREA)
EP20020405296 2001-07-12 2002-04-12 Procédé de contrôle pour héliogravure Expired - Lifetime EP1279502B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20020405296 EP1279502B1 (fr) 2001-07-12 2002-04-12 Procédé de contrôle pour héliogravure

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01810697 2001-07-12
EP01810697A EP1275502A1 (fr) 2001-07-12 2001-07-12 Plages de contrôle pour héliogravure en polychromie
EP20020405296 EP1279502B1 (fr) 2001-07-12 2002-04-12 Procédé de contrôle pour héliogravure

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1279502A1 true EP1279502A1 (fr) 2003-01-29
EP1279502B1 EP1279502B1 (fr) 2007-08-15

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005060893A1 (de) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-21 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Prozesszustandsermittlung durch Tonwert- und Farbtonwiedergabemessung
DE102011015306A1 (de) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Verfahren zur Graubalancekorrektur eines Druckprozesses

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011012806B4 (de) 2010-03-24 2022-07-07 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Graubalancekorrektur eines Druckverfahrens
CN103895375B (zh) * 2014-03-03 2017-03-15 深圳市科彩印务有限公司 平版胶印色度控制方法及平版胶印方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1696530B1 (de) * 1964-02-07 1970-07-02 Firm Of John Dickinson Schneid UEberwachungsstreifen fuer die Anwendung bei lithographischen Druckverfahren
US4310248A (en) * 1980-04-24 1982-01-12 Meredith Nolan J Color control system
EP0149424A2 (fr) * 1983-12-19 1985-07-24 GRETAG Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de la qualité d'impression et ruban test coloré pour ce contrôle
EP0219200A2 (fr) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-22 Foilwraps Flexible Packaging Limited Vérification de l'impression en creux
DE4338976A1 (de) * 1993-11-15 1995-05-18 Fogra Forschungsgesellschaft D Anordnung von mehreren Kontrollfeldern

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1696530B1 (de) * 1964-02-07 1970-07-02 Firm Of John Dickinson Schneid UEberwachungsstreifen fuer die Anwendung bei lithographischen Druckverfahren
US4310248A (en) * 1980-04-24 1982-01-12 Meredith Nolan J Color control system
EP0149424A2 (fr) * 1983-12-19 1985-07-24 GRETAG Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de la qualité d'impression et ruban test coloré pour ce contrôle
EP0219200A2 (fr) * 1985-10-04 1987-04-22 Foilwraps Flexible Packaging Limited Vérification de l'impression en creux
DE4338976A1 (de) * 1993-11-15 1995-05-18 Fogra Forschungsgesellschaft D Anordnung von mehreren Kontrollfeldern

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005060893A1 (de) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-21 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Prozesszustandsermittlung durch Tonwert- und Farbtonwiedergabemessung
DE102005060893B4 (de) * 2005-12-20 2013-06-27 Manroland Web Systems Gmbh Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines drucktechnischen Messwertes
DE102005060893C5 (de) 2005-12-20 2019-02-28 Manroland Goss Web Systems Gmbh Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines drucktechnischen Messwertes
DE102011015306A1 (de) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Verfahren zur Graubalancekorrektur eines Druckprozesses
US8810857B2 (en) 2011-03-29 2014-08-19 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Method and printing system for gray balance correction of a printing process, computer program product and computer program storage device

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