EP1275452A2 - Refractory nozzle - Google Patents
Refractory nozzle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1275452A2 EP1275452A2 EP02007617A EP02007617A EP1275452A2 EP 1275452 A2 EP1275452 A2 EP 1275452A2 EP 02007617 A EP02007617 A EP 02007617A EP 02007617 A EP02007617 A EP 02007617A EP 1275452 A2 EP1275452 A2 EP 1275452A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow opening
- refractory
- flow
- delimiting
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a refractory spout for arrangement in or on a wall of a metallurgical vessel, in particular for molten steel, with a flow opening and a flow tube surrounding the flow opening, the flow tube being a has the surface defining the flow opening and an outer housing.
- Such Facilities are needed in the foundry industry to prevent the leakage of molten metal, in particular Melting steel to allow from melting vessels.
- Such an arrangement is known for example from GB 2 157 210 A.
- a so-called Immersion nozzle described, from the molten steel from an upper to a lower Melt vessel flows, with the nozzle or the spout in the melt of the lower vessel dips.
- This facility includes a gas supply through which gases may flow into the metal can be directed. This may be desirable in many cases However, it is disadvantageous if the properties of the melt are thereby unfavorable and undesirable to be influenced.
- the flow is regulated with such nozzles either through so-called plug rods, which go from above into the upper opening of the device be sunk in and seal them or release them fully or partially or by Sliders that move laterally and perpendicular to the flow direction across the cross section of the spout be pushed and thereby close it.
- plug rods which go from above into the upper opening of the device be sunk in and seal them or release them fully or partially or by Sliders that move laterally and perpendicular to the flow direction across the cross section of the spout be pushed and thereby close it.
- Sliders that move laterally and perpendicular to the flow direction across the cross section of the spout be pushed and thereby close it.
- Such regulation is relative imprecise and mechanically complex.
- it usually leads to vortex formation within of the metal flow, causing the flowing metal to adhere to the wall of the spout he follows.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a spout which is made from the State-of-the-art solutions are improved and leakage is virtually trouble-free ensures the molten metal in another melt vessel.
- the object is achieved according to the invention for a spout characterized at the outset by characterized in that the flow tube has an upper part and a lower part, that the surface of the upper part delimiting the flow opening is made of a different material is formed as the surface of the lower part delimiting the flow opening and that the lower part is fixed in or on the upper part, the "material" among the material Composition or structure is understood.
- Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the flow tube has an upper part and a lower part, that the lower part is fixed on or in the upper part and that the diameter of the Flow opening in the upper part is larger than in the lower part.
- Under a flow tube is a Component with a continuous opening understood with preferably cylindrical or conical inner surface or a combination of several surface shapes.
- the material limiting the throughflow opening and the construction of the upper part are thermally highly insulating at least at temperatures of approximately 1400 ° C. to 1650 ° C. (ie, at steelmaking temperatures), highly pure, chemically inert to steel and highly temperature-resistant and that the material of the lower part delimiting the flow opening is a refractory ceramic.
- Highly insulating means a material with a thermal conductivity of at most 1.5 Wm -1 K -1
- high purity means a purity of> 99% by weight and materials with a melting point> 1800 ° C are highly temperature-resistant. This ensures that no heat is extracted from the melt and that it is not contaminated.
- such a device is long-term stable against the molten metal.
- the material of the lower part delimiting the throughflow opening is aluminum oxide or zirconium dioxide with a preferably dense surface delimiting the throughflow opening
- the material of the upper part delimiting the throughflow opening is made of aluminum oxide balls, hollow balls made of refractory oxides, foam ceramic or fiber material or is formed from a dense material, backfilled with at least one of the aforementioned materials, or from a mixture of the aforementioned materials.
- the surface of the material should expediently be tight in the area of the flow opening, in particular in the upper part, and the material itself or the filling with it can be porous.
- the material of the upper part delimiting the passage opening can also consist essentially of a be formed from alumina and graphite mixture. As material for that Mullite, zirconia or calcium oxide can also be used.
- the housing is made of metal, in particular steel, ceramic or another fireproof material formed to ensure high strength. In particular a steel case prevents unwanted gas passage.
- the material of the lower part delimiting the passage opening is expediently one Surround the heater at least partially to allow preheating of the spout and thus prevent thermal stresses or an adherence-free flow support.
- the heater is advantageously made of at least one material from the group Molybdenum, carbon, nickel-chromium, iron-chromium-aluminum are formed. Between heater and A thermally highly insulating material is advantageously arranged around a housing Avoid heat flow to the outside as much as possible. It is advantageous that the diameter the flow opening in the lower part is smaller than the diameter of the flow opening in Upper part to those already described above with regard to the second embodiment of the invention To gain benefits.
- the drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of the refractory according to the invention Spout.
- a vessel containing molten steel is arranged above the spout 1, out of the steel melt through the flow opening 2 into a below the spout 1 arranged melt vessel 3 runs.
- the spout is from one Surround steel housing 4, which has an opening 5 at its lower end, the Diameter is at least as large as the diameter of the lower part 6 of the spout.
- the lower part 6 of the spout is formed from zirconium dioxide, it has an inner diameter from about 13 to 16 mm.
- the lower part 6 is of a heater 7 with connections 8 a; 8 b surrounded on the side. Between heater 7 and housing 4 is a thermally highly insulating material 9 arranged to avoid heat flow to the outside.
- the material of the upper part 10 is, for example, aluminum oxide.
- the flow opening 2 has in the area of the upper part 10 a larger one than the diameter of the lower part 6 Diameter of about 30 to 40 mm.
- the flow opening 2 tapers towards the lower part towards a transition region 11 conical.
- the spout can be closed at its upper end by plug rods or Sliders take place, which either completely close the spout or completely open, so that the disadvantages described above by partial opening and thus taking place Regulation in the arrangement according to the invention is omitted.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen feuerfesten Ausguss zur Anordnung in oder an einer Wandung eines metallurgischen Gefäßes, insbesondere für Stahlschmelzen, mit einer Durchflussöffnung und einem die Durchflussöffnung umgebenden Durchflussrohr, wobei das Durchflussrohr eine die Durchflussöffnung begrenzende Oberfläche und ein äußeres Gehäuse aufweist. Derartige Einrichtungen werden im Gießereiwesen benötigt, um das Auslaufen von Metallschmelzen, insbesondere Stahlschmelzen, aus Schmelzgefäßen zu ermöglichen.The invention relates to a refractory spout for arrangement in or on a wall of a metallurgical vessel, in particular for molten steel, with a flow opening and a flow tube surrounding the flow opening, the flow tube being a has the surface defining the flow opening and an outer housing. such Facilities are needed in the foundry industry to prevent the leakage of molten metal, in particular Melting steel to allow from melting vessels.
Eine derartige Anordnung ist beispielsweise aus GB 2 157 210 A bekannt. Hier ist eine sogenannte
Eintauchdüse beschrieben, aus der Stahlschmelze aus einem oberen in ein unteres
Schmelzengefäß fließt, wobei die Düse bzw. der Ausguss in die Schmelze des unteren Gefäßes
eintaucht. Diese Einrichtung beinhaltet eine Gaszufuhr, durch die ggf. Gase in den Metallfluss
geleitet werden können. Dies kann unter Umständen wünschenswert sein, in vielen Fällen
ist es jedoch nachteilig, wenn nämlich Eigenschaften der Schmelze dadurch ungünstig und ungewünscht
beeinflusst werden. Die Regelung des Durchflusses erfolgt bei derartigen Düsen
entweder durch sogenannte Stopfenstangen, die von oben in die obere Öffnung der Einrichtung
hineingesenkt werden und diese verschließen bzw. ganz oder teilweise freigeben oder durch
Schieber, die seitlich und senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung über den Querschnitt des Ausgusses
geschoben werden und diesen dadurch verschließen. Eine derartige Regelung ist relativ
ungenau und mechanisch aufwendig. Zudem führt sie in der Regel zu Wirbelbildung innerhalb
des Metallflusses, wodurch ein Anhaften des durchfließenden Metalles an der Wand des Ausgusses
erfolgt. Such an arrangement is known for example from
Ähnliche Ausgüsse sind in JP 61-42899 oder EP 379 647 B1 beschrieben.Similar spouts are described in JP 61-42899 or EP 379 647 B1.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Ausguss bereitzustellen, der die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Lösungen verbessert und ein nahezu störungsfreies Auslaufen der Metallschmelze in ein weiteres Schmelzengefäß gewährleistet.The object of the present invention is to provide a spout which is made from the State-of-the-art solutions are improved and leakage is virtually trouble-free ensures the molten metal in another melt vessel.
Die Aufgabe wird für einen eingangs charakterisierten Ausguss erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Durchflussrohr ein Oberteil und ein Unterteil aufweist, dass die die Durchflussöffnung begrenzende Oberfläche des Oberteils aus einem anderen Material gebildet ist als die die Durchflussöffnung begrenzende Oberfläche des Unterteils und dass das Unterteil in oder an dem Oberteil fixiert ist, wobei unter "anderem Material" die stoffliche Zusammensetzung oder die Struktur verstanden wird. Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Durchflussrohr ein Oberteil und ein Unterteil aufweist, dass das Unterteil an oder in dem Oberteil fixiert ist und dass der Durchmesser der Durchflussöffnung im Oberteil größer ist als im Unterteil. Unter einem Durchflussrohr wird ein Bauteil mit einer durchgehenden Öffnung verstanden mit vorzugsweise zylindrischer oder konischer innerer Oberfläche oder einer Kombination aus mehreren Oberflächenformen. Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale kann ein optimales Durchfließen der Metallschmelze durch den Ausguss erreicht werden. Durch die unterschiedliche Materialgestaltung wird ein Anhaften der Metallschmelze verringert oder sogar ganz vermieden. Durch einen im Unterteil geringeren Durchmesser der Durchflussöffnung kann zum einen eine Kalibrierung des Metallflusses erfolgen, die Durchflussgeschwindigkeit steigt. Zum anderen wird im Oberteil ein Stau der Metallschmelze erzeugt, so dass das Entstehen von Unterdruck verhindert wird und in Folge dessen keine Gase durch die Wandung des Ausgusses in die fließende Metallschmelze eindringen können. Es wird eine turbulenzfreie Strömung erreicht, das Anhaften von Schmelze an den Wänden des Ausgusses wird nahezu vollständig vermieden.The object is achieved according to the invention for a spout characterized at the outset by characterized in that the flow tube has an upper part and a lower part, that the surface of the upper part delimiting the flow opening is made of a different material is formed as the surface of the lower part delimiting the flow opening and that the lower part is fixed in or on the upper part, the "material" among the material Composition or structure is understood. Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the flow tube has an upper part and a lower part, that the lower part is fixed on or in the upper part and that the diameter of the Flow opening in the upper part is larger than in the lower part. Under a flow tube is a Component with a continuous opening understood with preferably cylindrical or conical inner surface or a combination of several surface shapes. Through the Features according to the invention can optimally flow through the molten metal through the Spout can be reached. Due to the different material design, the Metal melt reduced or even avoided entirely. With a lower one in the lower part On the one hand, the diameter of the flow opening can be calibrated for the metal flow, the flow rate increases. On the other hand, there is a jam of the molten metal in the upper part generated so that the development of negative pressure is prevented and as a result no gases penetrate through the wall of the spout into the flowing molten metal can. A turbulence-free flow is achieved, the melt adheres to the Walls of the spout are almost completely avoided.
Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, dass das die Durchflussöffnung begrenzende Material und die Konstruktion des Oberteils thermisch hoch isolierend zumindest bei Temperaturen von etwa 1400 °C bis 1650 °C (d. h., bei Stahlherstellungstemperaturen), hoch rein, chemisch inert gegenüber Stahl und hoch temperaturbeständig ist und dass das die Durchflussöffnung begrenzende Material des Unterteils eine feuerfeste Keramik ist. Unter hoch isolierend wird ein Material mit einer Wärmeleitzahl von höchstens 1,5 Wm-1K-1 verstanden, hoch rein bedeutet eine Reinheit von > 99 Gew.-% und hoch temperaturbeständig sind Materialien mit einem Schmelzpunkt > 1800°C. Dies sichert, dass der Schmelze keine Wärme entzogen wird und dass sie nicht verunreinigt wird. Andererseits ist eine derartige Einrichtung langzeitstabil beständig gegenüber der Metallschmelze. Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, dass das die Durchflussöffnung begrenzende Material des Unterteils Aluminiumoxid oder Zirkondioxid ist mit einer vorzugsweise dichten, die Durchflussöffnung begrenzenden Oberfläche sowie, dass das die Durchlauföffnung begrenzende Material des Oberteils aus Aluminiumoxid-Kugeln, Hohlkugeln aus feuerfesten Oxiden, Schaumkeramik oder Fasermaterial oder aus einem dichten Material, hinterfüllt mit mindestens einem der vorgenannten Materialien, oder aus einer Mischung aus den vorgenannten Materialien gebildet ist. Die Oberfläche des Materials sollte zweckmäßigerweise im Bereich der Durchflussöffnung, insbesondere im oberen Teil, dicht sein, das Material an sich bzw. die Füllung damit kann porös sein.In particular, it is advantageous that the material limiting the throughflow opening and the construction of the upper part are thermally highly insulating at least at temperatures of approximately 1400 ° C. to 1650 ° C. (ie, at steelmaking temperatures), highly pure, chemically inert to steel and highly temperature-resistant and that the material of the lower part delimiting the flow opening is a refractory ceramic. Highly insulating means a material with a thermal conductivity of at most 1.5 Wm -1 K -1 , high purity means a purity of> 99% by weight and materials with a melting point> 1800 ° C are highly temperature-resistant. This ensures that no heat is extracted from the melt and that it is not contaminated. On the other hand, such a device is long-term stable against the molten metal. In particular, it is advantageous that the material of the lower part delimiting the throughflow opening is aluminum oxide or zirconium dioxide with a preferably dense surface delimiting the throughflow opening, and that the material of the upper part delimiting the throughflow opening is made of aluminum oxide balls, hollow balls made of refractory oxides, foam ceramic or fiber material or is formed from a dense material, backfilled with at least one of the aforementioned materials, or from a mixture of the aforementioned materials. The surface of the material should expediently be tight in the area of the flow opening, in particular in the upper part, and the material itself or the filling with it can be porous.
Das die Durchlauföffnung begrenzende Material des Oberteils kann auch aus einer im wesentlichen aus Aluminiumoxid und Graphit gebildeten Mischung gebildet sein. Als Material für das Oberteil kann auch Mullit, Zirkondioxid oder Kalziumoxid verwendet werden. In vorteilhafter Weise ist das Gehäuse aus Metall, insbesondere aus Stahl, aus Keramik oder aus einem anderen feuerfesten Material gebildet, um eine hohe Festigkeit zu sichern. Insbesondere ein Stahlgehäuse verhindert unerwünschten Gasdurchtritt.The material of the upper part delimiting the passage opening can also consist essentially of a be formed from alumina and graphite mixture. As material for that Mullite, zirconia or calcium oxide can also be used. In advantageous The housing is made of metal, in particular steel, ceramic or another fireproof material formed to ensure high strength. In particular a steel case prevents unwanted gas passage.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist das die Durchlauföffnung begrenzende Material des Unterteils von einem Heizer zumindest teilweise umgeben, um eine Vorheizung des Ausgusses zu ermöglichen und damit thermische Spannungen zu verhindern oder einen anhaftungsfreien Durchfluss zu unterstützen. Der Heizer ist vorteilhafterweise aus mindestens einem Material aus der Gruppe Molybdän, Kohlenstoff, Nickel-Chrom, Eisen-Chrom-Aluminium gebildet. Zwischen Heizer und Gehäuse ist vorteilhafterweise ein thermisch hoch isolierendes Material angeordnet, um einen Wärmeabstrom nach außen möglichst zu vermeiden. Vorteilhaft ist es, dass der Durchmesser der Durchflussöffnung im Unterteil geringer ist als der Durchmesser der Durchflussöffnung im Oberteil, um die bereits oben hinsichtlich der zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung beschriebenen Vorteile zu erzielen.The material of the lower part delimiting the passage opening is expediently one Surround the heater at least partially to allow preheating of the spout and thus prevent thermal stresses or an adherence-free flow support. The heater is advantageously made of at least one material from the group Molybdenum, carbon, nickel-chromium, iron-chromium-aluminum are formed. Between heater and A thermally highly insulating material is advantageously arranged around a housing Avoid heat flow to the outside as much as possible. It is advantageous that the diameter the flow opening in the lower part is smaller than the diameter of the flow opening in Upper part to those already described above with regard to the second embodiment of the invention To gain benefits.
Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert. An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to a drawing.
Die Zeichnung zeigt eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen feuerfesten
Ausgusses. Oberhalb des Ausgusses 1 ist ein Stahlschmelze enthaltendes Gefäß angeordnet,
aus dem heraus durch die Durchflussöffnung 2 hindurch Stahlschmelze in ein unterhalb
des Ausgusses 1 angeordnetes Schmelzengefäß 3 läuft. Der Ausguss ist von einem
Stahlgehäuse 4 umgeben, welches an seinem unteren Ende eine Öffnung 5 aufweist, deren
Durchmesser mindestens so groß ist wie der Durchmesser des Unterteils 6 des Ausgusses.
Das Unterteil 6 des Ausgusses ist aus Zirkondioxid gebildet, es weist einen inneren Durchmesser
von etwa 13 bis 16 mm auf. Das Unterteil 6 ist von einem Heizer 7 mit Anschlüssen 8 a; 8 b
seitlich umgeben. Zwischen Heizer 7 und Gehäuse 4 ist ein thermisch hoch isolierendes Material
9 angeordnet, um Wärmeabstrom nach außen zu vermeiden.The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of the refractory according to the invention
Spout. A vessel containing molten steel is arranged above the
Das Material des Oberteils 10 ist beispielsweise Aluminiumoxid. Die Durchflussöffnung 2 weist
im Bereich des Oberteils 10 einen gegenüber dem Durchmesser des Unterteils 6 größeren
Durchmesser von etwa 30 bis 40 mm auf. Die Durchflussöffnung 2 verjüngt sich zum Unterteil
hin in einem Übergangsbereich 11 konisch.The material of the
Der Verschluss des Ausgusses an seinem oberen Ende kann durch Stopfenstangen oder Schieber erfolgen, wobei diese den Ausguss entweder vollständig verschließen oder vollständig öffnen, so dass die oben beschriebenen Nachteile durch teilweise Öffnung und damit erfolgende Regelung bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung entfallen.The spout can be closed at its upper end by plug rods or Sliders take place, which either completely close the spout or completely open, so that the disadvantages described above by partial opening and thus taking place Regulation in the arrangement according to the invention is omitted.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10133557 | 2001-07-13 | ||
DE10133557 | 2001-07-13 | ||
DE10150032 | 2001-10-11 | ||
DE10150032A DE10150032C2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-10-11 | Fireproof spout |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1275452A2 true EP1275452A2 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
EP1275452A3 EP1275452A3 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
Family
ID=26009674
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02007617A Withdrawn EP1275452A3 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2002-04-04 | Refractory nozzle |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7028868B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1275452A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003112257A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100599638B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1262407C (en) |
BR (1) | BR0202673A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2387375C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1820586A1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-08-22 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Refractory nozzle and metallurgical vessel equiped with it |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110174240A1 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2011-07-21 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Controlling variables in boiler pressure vessels |
CN105170968B (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | A kind of submersed nozzle |
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FR1493389A (en) * | 1966-09-22 | 1967-08-25 | United States Steel Corp | Device for continuous metal casting |
GB1083262A (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1967-09-13 | United Steel Companies Ltd | Methods of and apparatus for use in the continuous casting of steel |
GB1144725A (en) * | 1966-05-28 | 1969-03-05 | Steuler Industriewerke Gmbh | A spout for casting ladles |
DE2807123A1 (en) * | 1978-02-20 | 1979-08-30 | Didier Werke Ag | FLOOR SPOUT FOR METALLURGICAL VESSELS TO RECEIVE STEEL MELT, IN PARTICULAR TUNDISH |
US4568007A (en) * | 1984-01-23 | 1986-02-04 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Refractory shroud for continuous casting |
US4776502A (en) * | 1984-06-05 | 1988-10-11 | Chamotte- Und Tonwerk Kurt Hagenburger | Ceramic spout |
EP0379647A2 (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1990-08-01 | Didier-Werke Ag | Refractory nozzle and induction coil therefor |
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JPH10113753A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-05-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Rotary type immersion nozzle |
JPH11156501A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Tundish for continuous casting and its production method |
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GB1209598A (en) * | 1967-02-14 | 1970-10-21 | Thomas Marshall & Company Loxl | An improvement in or relating to refractory nozzles for teeming molten metal |
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DE19654402C1 (en) | 1996-12-30 | 1997-12-11 | Didier Werke Ag | Phenolic resin bound, magnesia-based insulant located between water-cooled induction coils and molten metal feeder |
DE10132575C1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2002-07-04 | Heraeus Electro Nite Int | Refractory outlet used in the wall of a metallurgical vessel for steel melts has electrodes made from metal having a high melting point and/or formed from one of its oxides |
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-
2002
- 2002-04-04 EP EP02007617A patent/EP1275452A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-05-22 CA CA002387375A patent/CA2387375C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-12 CN CNB021230927A patent/CN1262407C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-04 JP JP2002195612A patent/JP2003112257A/en active Pending
- 2002-07-08 US US10/191,906 patent/US7028868B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-10 BR BR0202673-2A patent/BR0202673A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-11 KR KR1020020040330A patent/KR100599638B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-11-23 US US11/287,028 patent/US20060076720A1/en not_active Abandoned
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GB1083262A (en) * | 1964-11-24 | 1967-09-13 | United Steel Companies Ltd | Methods of and apparatus for use in the continuous casting of steel |
GB1144725A (en) * | 1966-05-28 | 1969-03-05 | Steuler Industriewerke Gmbh | A spout for casting ladles |
FR1493389A (en) * | 1966-09-22 | 1967-08-25 | United States Steel Corp | Device for continuous metal casting |
DE2807123A1 (en) * | 1978-02-20 | 1979-08-30 | Didier Werke Ag | FLOOR SPOUT FOR METALLURGICAL VESSELS TO RECEIVE STEEL MELT, IN PARTICULAR TUNDISH |
US4568007A (en) * | 1984-01-23 | 1986-02-04 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Refractory shroud for continuous casting |
US4776502A (en) * | 1984-06-05 | 1988-10-11 | Chamotte- Und Tonwerk Kurt Hagenburger | Ceramic spout |
EP0379647A2 (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1990-08-01 | Didier-Werke Ag | Refractory nozzle and induction coil therefor |
DE29603426U1 (en) * | 1996-02-24 | 1996-05-02 | Didier Werke Ag | Immersion nozzle made of two or more refractory components |
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JPH10113753A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-05-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Rotary type immersion nozzle |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 04, 31. März 1998 (1998-03-31) & JP 09 314293 A (KUROSAKI REFRACT CO LTD), 9. Dezember 1997 (1997-12-09) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 10, 31. August 1998 (1998-08-31) & JP 10 113753 A (SUMITOMO METAL IND LTD), 6. Mai 1998 (1998-05-06) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1999, no. 11, 30. September 1999 (1999-09-30) & JP 11 156501 A (NIPPON STEEL CORP), 15. Juni 1999 (1999-06-15) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1820586A1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-08-22 | Heraeus Electro-Nite International N.V. | Refractory nozzle and metallurgical vessel equiped with it |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2003112257A (en) | 2003-04-15 |
KR100599638B1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
BR0202673A (en) | 2003-05-06 |
US7028868B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 |
CA2387375C (en) | 2009-07-21 |
CN1262407C (en) | 2006-07-05 |
US20060076720A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
KR20030007126A (en) | 2003-01-23 |
EP1275452A3 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
CA2387375A1 (en) | 2003-01-13 |
US20030011113A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
CN1411934A (en) | 2003-04-23 |
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