EP1269080A1 - Device for installing a thermocouple - Google Patents

Device for installing a thermocouple

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Publication number
EP1269080A1
EP1269080A1 EP01919588A EP01919588A EP1269080A1 EP 1269080 A1 EP1269080 A1 EP 1269080A1 EP 01919588 A EP01919588 A EP 01919588A EP 01919588 A EP01919588 A EP 01919588A EP 1269080 A1 EP1269080 A1 EP 1269080A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermocouple
air
gas
duct
probe tip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01919588A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1269080B1 (en
Inventor
Joseph Sirand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre D'etude Et De Realisationsd'equipement Et D
Original Assignee
CT D ETUDE ET DE REALISATIONS
Centre dEtude et de Realisations dEquipment et de Materiel CEREM
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR0004002A external-priority patent/FR2807144B1/en
Application filed by CT D ETUDE ET DE REALISATIONS, Centre dEtude et de Realisations dEquipment et de Materiel CEREM filed Critical CT D ETUDE ET DE REALISATIONS
Publication of EP1269080A1 publication Critical patent/EP1269080A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1269080B1 publication Critical patent/EP1269080B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/725—Protection against flame failure by using flame detection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2208/00—Control devices associated with burners
    • F23D2208/10—Sensing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/10—Flame flashback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/14—Ambient temperature around burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to installation movens from the inside of the air-gas mixture supply duct of a gas burner. a conventional thermocouple to allow it to provide both
  • thermocouple very strongly heated at the level of its elements close to the combustion chamber
  • the device is particularly intended for devices whose combustion chamber operates in confinement at high temperatures and nevertheless requires the positioning of the thermocouple at the level of said chamber.
  • thermocouples are components of a well-known safety device presented externally in the form of a metal sheath called an external conductor ending, side exposed to heat, by a probe tip. in a bulb forming a sheath subject to a socket, and at the other end by an electrical connection fitting to a safety valve
  • thermocouple gives complete satisfaction in many applications or the configuration of combustion appliances gas allows the thermocouple to be placed so that only the hot solder of the probe tip is exposed to heat of a flame This is mainly the case with devices for pilot lights or combustion torches which are not confined in an enclosure for raising the temperature. And if the temperature, at the probe tip only, does not exceed 600 ° C.
  • thermocouple remains within the limits of a normal service life and poses no particular problems except reasonable maintenance when the wear of the probe tip exposed to the oxidative combustion of an open flame ends up destroying the hot weld thus suppressing the generation of the electro-mot ⁇ ce force sought
  • thermocouple To this is immediately added, upstream of the socket, the attack of the external conductor which becomes porous and particularly sensitive to oxidation and to the corrosive action of the burnt gases released by the neighboring combustion Under these conditions of temperature and proximity, the lifespan of a conventional thermocouple is very significantly reduced. The effort-deploves to extend this lifespan consists essentially in delaying these destructive effects.
  • the known electrical switching devices are of "mechanical" design, whether this interruption is made by breaking a fuse or by the opening. of a thermostatic contact
  • These devices obviously constitute an additional cost, with in addition the disadvantage of a "pirate” bypass always possible by an unconscious or reckless user
  • the present invention therefore relates to cold security
  • thermocouples to deal with the cause of the early deterioration of thermocouples when these are placed by necessity within combustion chambers brought to high temperature reaching more or less 950 ° C for hot secu ⁇ te
  • thermocouple to perform the function, of hot safety without "mechanical" device for electrical shutdown And therefore to obtain overall with a conventional thermocouple long-term use at a minimum cost since it is used to provide both cold and hot safety functions on devices with confined combustion chamber having the advantage of generating high temperatures
  • These high temperatures are particularly sought after for infrared light emitters in order to obtain electromagnetic wavelengths between 1.5 and 4 micrometers
  • the invention consists of a device for arranging a thermocouple from the inside of the air-gas duct of a gas burner ensuring both the cold safety and hot safety functions, said thermocouple comprising a external conductor ending with a probe tip in a sheath bulb subject to a socket, characterized in that the part a al of the external conductor of the thermocouple, side probe tip, penetrates inside the inlet pipe of the mixture air-gas. in that the probe tip at the end of the bulb abuts on the internal surface of the contact area of the perforated wall of a diffusion chamber, and in that the arrangement device comprises a plate fixed transversely to the section of the air-gas duct opening.
  • said plate having a surface of suitable size for fulfilling a screen-localizing function of the air-gas flow at the level of the zone of contact with the internal surface of the diffusion chamber, the base of the bulb support sleeve being also wedged in abutment in the light of the guide and positioning plate, the plate being subject either to the opening of the air-gas duct, or to the base of the diffusion chamber on the opening side of the duct
  • thermocouple To position the thermocouple, by making it enter the interior of the inlet duct of the air-gas mixture. to open the probe tip at the end of the bulb inside the diffusion chamber in the center of the combustion chamber, or. if there is no diffusion chamber, at the outlet of the supply conduit into the combustion chamber itself according to details of arrangements which will be dec ⁇ ts later in an additional example with 1 aid of FIG. 3 - to guide the bulb 4 of the sensitive element (probe tip) of the thermocouple introduced into the duct, supplying the air-gas mixture and ensuring its exact positioning, the probe tip v abutting against the internal wall of the g ⁇ lle constituting the chamber of diffusion,
  • This quieter mini-zone forces a plot of the grid wall of the diffusion chamber to blush very locally.
  • the air-gas mixture enters combustion near the grid in the sheltered mini-zone. It is precisely at this very place that the probe tip abuts against the reddened grid or alone, therefore, the hot solder end is stressed by the necessary and sufficient heat to generate the electro-motive force sought and therefore to obtain the "cold" safety function thanks to the sheltered mini-zone.
  • the temperature measurements at the probe tip are confined to around 500 ° C.
  • thermocouple Upstream of the probe tip and the bulb, all the rest of the thermocouple being ventilated by the fresh air-gas flow sees its the temperature is established at a level much lower than that of the hot weld, this difference reaching several hundred degrees centigrade. Furthermore, this ventilation by the fresh and fresh flow protects it from any contact with the surrounding gases of neighboring combustion, gases which are all the more corrosive as they are extremely hot, and consequently very damaging for the thermocouple. as for its longevity. To perform the hot safety function, without additional mechanical device, if the injector ignites. it is the heat of this internal combustion itself, in the air-gas duct before its outlet in the diffusion chamber which is used.
  • FIG. 1 shows in longitudinal section a first example of a embodiment of a thermocouple arrangement according to the invention, in a burner pipe ar ⁇ vee bent air-gas
  • thermocouple arrangement in a burner pipe ar ⁇ vee not bent air-gas
  • FIG. 3 shows in longitudinal section a third exemplary embodiment of a thermocouple arrangement according to the invention, in a burner comprising a flat g ⁇ lle called "flame catch" at the outlet of the tube
  • FIG. 4 shows in longitudinal section a fourth exemplary embodiment of a thermocouple arrangement according to the invention, in a burner with a bent air-gas inlet pipe
  • ventun tube 2 an air-gas mixture inlet pipe, also called ventun tube 2.
  • This ventun tube has at its inlet end
  • a gas supply safety valve 8 which supplies a gas injector 9 fixed to the end of an injector holder tube 10.
  • This assembly is of conventional type.
  • the ventun tube 2 bent in the example described, before its outlet 7 in the diffusion chamber 5 has a positioning and guide plate 11 of the tip probe 3 at the end of bulb 4 of the thermocouple. On this positioning plate 1 1 is formed a light 12 in which is engaged the bulb 4 of the thermocouple. Once this plate has been crossed, the probe tip 3 abuts against the internal surface 13 of the plate constituting the wall of the diffusion chamber 5 This solution for securing the plate to the base of the air mixture tube gas is, in the present example a convenient solution
  • this solution is not exclusive, and it may be advantageous in other configurations, to fix the plate, not to the tube, but at the level of the diffusion chamber itself, at its base of contact with the tube.
  • the main thing is that the guiding function, positioning of the bulb and contact with the grid of the diffusion chamber is ensured, whatever the equivalent means.
  • the guide and positioning plate is o ⁇ entee across the longitudinal movement of the air-gas flow so that its surface forms a deflector screen at the velocity of the flow at the outlet of the ventun tube. This creates a quieter mid-flow zone between the unexposed face of the plate 1 1 and the internal surface portion 13 of the wall of the diffusion chamber because it is sheltered under the plate.
  • thermocouple probe tips This calmer flow, when it ignites on the external face of the g ⁇ lle of the diffusion chamber at the level of the mini-zone, ignites flush with the grid which then presents a small area of localized reddening of the metal of the grid, precisely around the point of contact of the probe tip with the grid. This is the goal sought to heat only the end of the hot solder of the probe tip without affecting the rest of the thermocouple by the effects harmful from too high a temperature
  • the interposition of a g ⁇ lle between the probe tip (hot solder) and the combustion flame present also has the advantage of protecting this tip from dete ⁇ oration fa orized by the oxvdant character d open flame. The exenceence shows the importance of this factor on the loss of longevity of thermocouple probe tips
  • the tubular section. concave inside, from the bent part of the tube (convex to the extender), is particularly suitable for automatic guidance of the probe tip Like the talweg line of an ⁇ gole.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the insertion guide and positioning of the thermocouple by an adjacent sheath 18 can also be rigorously ensured, thanks to the "groove" effect of the interior of the tube, immediately upstream of its opening in the diffusion chamber
  • FIG. 4 illustrates this possibility, the adjacent sheath 18 joining the tube 2 at the most appropriate point of said tube, the essential being
  • thermocouple 1 It also con ies in the configuration shown in Figure 4 and as in the case of the non-bent tube of the configuration shown in Figure 2. to close around the outer conductor of the thermocouple 1 free end of the adjacent tou ⁇ eau 18 by a blocking and obturation element beyond this free end of the sleeve external conductor of the thermocouple is located outside the air-gas duct and joins the safety valve 8 to which it is conventionally connected.
  • the "combustion" part of the p ⁇ s burner with reference to desc ⁇ ption with FIG. 1 finally comprises a combustion chamber 6 whose volume is delimited - by the external face of the wall of the diffusion chamber mentioned above, and
  • thermocouple By the internal face of the external enclosure of said combustion chamber. It is in this space compns between these two walls that ignition and combustion of the air-gas mixture takes place at high temperature, the latter possibly reaching more or less 950 ° C. It will therefore be noted that the thermocouple is found well, as to him. entirely separated from this space or had combustion, since even its probe tip 3 is on the other side of the diffusion chamber
  • This plate must have a surface area less than the cross section of the mini diffusion chamber to allow the fresh (and therefore not ignited) flow of the air-gas mixture to fill through this inlet the metered volume of said mini-chamber.
  • thermocouple including in these other configurations a thermocouple of conventional constitution and to arrange it as follows a) side probe tip at the end of the bulb the socket 14 for securing the bulb 4 is used on its first millimeters of junction with the bulb as support bearing in the lumen 12 of the guide and positioning plate 1 1, the probe tip, at its hot weld 3. meets as an abutment and support point the internal wall of the diffusion chamber .
  • a) side probe tip at the end of the bulb the socket 14 for securing the bulb 4 is used on its first millimeters of junction with the bulb as support bearing in the lumen 12 of the guide and positioning plate 1 1, the probe tip, at its hot weld 3. meets as an abutment and support point the internal wall of the diffusion chamber .
  • the bulb-socket assembly of the thermocouple is wedged, naturally, by "wedge” effect, between its two support points, this wedging being favese by the obhcite of the conical wall of the diffusion chamber 5, in other configurations such as for example that of a cylmd ⁇ que diffusion chamber 20, the "wedge" effect of the bulb assembly- sleeve against the g ⁇ lle of the diffusion chamber is advantageously obtained, for example by a cyhndron-conical protuberance 21 on the sleeve 14, plumb upstream of the guide and positioning plate This protrusion 21, which can be a threaded ring in force on the sleeve, by resting on the internal wall of the v entun tube.
  • thermocouple 1 in the appropriate position by pressing it against the gas injector tube 10,
  • a reference projection 17, forming a stop prevents the conductor from engaging more deeply in the tube. It also serves as a positioning marker if this engagement is, on the contrary, insufficient.
  • Ln interesting means of producing this sailhe-reference 17 consists in using a segment of heat-shrinkable sheath having the advantage of being easily threaded into the thermocouple before heating of retraction and of being ⁇ gorously positioned after this heating. It goes without saying that any other means giving an equivalent result can be used, particularly in the case of other configurations, the main thing being to ensure the systematic maintenance of the internal thermocouple in the adequate securing position.
  • the device and the exposed arrangement means allow the use of a conventional thermocouple, by installing its downstream part, probe tip side, inside the duct. air-gas mixture supplied to the burner. Its upstream part, meanwhile, opens to the outside, either by the air-gas inlet end of the ventun elbow tube, or by an adjacent sheath joining said tube, whether straight or elbow, upstream of its outlet inside the diffusion chamber Thus are ensured at once, after connection of the thermocouple to the safety valve. cold safety and hot safety functions in "high temperature" burners
  • thermocouple by getting rid of the temperature limit above which the material resistance of the thermocouple is no longer ensured.
  • the reversal of temperature between the hot junction and cold junction of the thermocouple due to its echautfement has the intenor of the duct or the air mixture -saz entered combustion. The result is the rapid interruption of this igniting of the injector by collapse of the electromotive force resulting in the final closure of the gas supply to the safety valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns means for the installation in an air-gas feeding duct, a standard thermocouple to provide both a cold safety function in case of extinction, and a hot safety function, without any additional device, in case of internal combustion. The downstream portion of the bulb side (4) of the thermocouple penetrates into the air-gas duct (2). Its probe tip (3) is immobilised against the inner surface of the diffusion chamber (5) at the centre of the combustion chamber (6). Its connector (16) is secured to its exit point from said duct (2) at a marker-projection (17) by a lock (15). The life span of the thermocouple is considerably increased through permanent cooling by the fresh air-gas mixture of the elements proximate to combustion. In case of internal combustion, the inversion of temperature gradients of the cold and hot junctions of the thermocouple causes the generated electromotive force to fall rapidly. The device is designed for high temperature confinement burners.

Description

DIS POS ITIF D AGENCEMENT D UN THERMOCOUPLE AVAILABLE FOR LAYOUT OF A THERMOCOUPLE
L'ιn\ entιon concerne les movens d installation par l'intérieur du conduit d'alimentation en mélange air-gaz d'un brûleur a gaz. d'un thermocouple classique afin de lui permettre d'assurer a la foisThe invention relates to installation movens from the inside of the air-gas mixture supply duct of a gas burner. a conventional thermocouple to allow it to provide both
- la lonction de "secuπte froide" en cas d'extinction de flamme- the addition of "cold safety" in the event of flame extinction
- la fonction de "secuπte chaude" en cas de pπse de leu a l'injecteur et ce. sans dispositif supplémentaire,- the "hot secuπte" function in the event of leu pπse at the injector. without additional device,
- une longévité de fonctionnement considérablement accrue grâce au refroidissement permanent par le mélange "frais" air-gaz de ce thermocouple très fortement chauffe au niveau de ses éléments proches de la chambre de combustion- a considerably increased longevity of operation thanks to the permanent cooling by the "fresh" air-gas mixture of this thermocouple very strongly heated at the level of its elements close to the combustion chamber
Le dispositif est particulièrement destine aux appareils dont la chambre de combustion fonctionne en confinement a de hautes températures et nécessite néanmoins le positionnement du thermocouple au niveau de la dite chambreThe device is particularly intended for devices whose combustion chamber operates in confinement at high temperatures and nevertheless requires the positioning of the thermocouple at the level of said chamber.
Dans l'état actuel de la technique, les thermocouples sont des composants d'un dispositif de secuπte bien connu se présentant extérieurement sous la forme d'une gaine métallique appelée conducteur externe se terminant, côte expose a la chaleur, par une pointe de sonde dans un bulbe formant fourreau assujetti a une douille, et a l'autre extrémité par un raccord de connexion electπque a une valve de secuπteIn the current state of the art, thermocouples are components of a well-known safety device presented externally in the form of a metal sheath called an external conductor ending, side exposed to heat, by a probe tip. in a bulb forming a sheath subject to a socket, and at the other end by an electrical connection fitting to a safety valve
A l'inteπeur du fourreau de bulbe, un segment en métal spécifique différent de celui du fourreau du bulbe est soude a son extrémité a la pointe de ce dernier Cette soudure est appelée "soudure chaude" Ce segment est prolonge a son autre extrémité par une autre soudure a un fil conducteur isole enfeπne dans le tube conducteur externe Cette seconde soudure est appelée "soudure froide" Enfin le fil conducteur interne rejoint a la sortie du tube conducteur, le raccord de connexion a la vah e de secuπte Conducteur interne et conducteur externe sont ainsi connectes a une bobine électromagnétique a l'intérieur d'une valve de sécurité Quand la pointe de sonde du bulbe est soumise a la chaleur d'un brûleur, la différence de température qui s'établit entre la soudure chaude et la soudure froide génère un mouvement des électrons et la différence de potentiel créée engendre un micro-courant continu dont la torce electromotπce est en mesure d'induire, au niveau du solenoide de la bobine de la valve de sécurité, un champ électromagnétique suffisant pour maintenir en position attirée contre l'electro-aimant de ladite bobine un noyau mobile portant le clapet d'ouv erture-termeture de la \ ah e de secuπte Si la pointe de sonde du thermocouple se refroidit quand cesse la production de chaleur par le brûleur lorsqu'il s'éteint \ olontairement ou non. la difterence de potentiel disparaît et donc également le champ électromagnétique et le clapet rappelé par un ressort retourne en position iermee Dans l'état actuel de la technique ce dispositif de sécurité par thermocouple donne entière satisfaction dans de nombreuses applications ou la configuration des appareils de combustion du gaz permet de disposer le thermocouple de façon a ce que seule la soudure chaude de la pointe de sonde soit exposée a la chaleur d'une flamme C'est principalement le cas des dispositifs de \ eilleuses pilotes ou de torches de combustion non confinées dans une enceinte de surélévation de la température Et si la température, en pointe de sonde uniquement, ne dépasse pas 600°C. la longévité du thermocouple reste a l'intérieur des limites d'une durée de vie normale et ne pose pas de problèmes particuliers sinon d'une maintenance raisonnable lorsque l'usure de la pointe de sonde exposée a la combustion oxydante d'une flamme nue finit par détruire la soudure chaude suppπmant ainsi la génération de la force electro-motπce recherchéeInside the bulb sheath, a specific metal segment different from that of the bulb sheath is welded at its end to the tip of the latter This weld is called "hot weld" This segment is extended at its other end by a another solder to an insulated conductive wire enclosed in the external conductive tube This second solder is called "cold solder" Finally the internal conductive wire joined at the outlet of the conductive tube, the connection connector to the safety line Internal conductor and external conductor are thus connected to an electromagnetic coil inside a safety valve When the probe tip of the bulb is subjected to the heat of a burner, the temperature difference which is established between the hot and cold welds generates a movement of the electrons and the potential difference created generates a continuous micro-current whose electromotπce torce is able to induce, at the level of the soleno ide of the coil of the safety valve, an electromagnetic field sufficient to maintain in the attracted position against the electromagnet of said coil a movable core carrying the opening-closing valve of the safety device if the tip the thermocouple probe cools down when the burner ceases to produce heat when it turns off either on its own or not. the potential difference disappears and therefore also the electromagnetic field and the valve recalled by a spring returns to the iermee position In the current state of the art this safety device by thermocouple gives complete satisfaction in many applications or the configuration of combustion appliances gas allows the thermocouple to be placed so that only the hot solder of the probe tip is exposed to heat of a flame This is mainly the case with devices for pilot lights or combustion torches which are not confined in an enclosure for raising the temperature. And if the temperature, at the probe tip only, does not exceed 600 ° C. the longevity of the thermocouple remains within the limits of a normal service life and poses no particular problems except reasonable maintenance when the wear of the probe tip exposed to the oxidative combustion of an open flame ends up destroying the hot weld thus suppressing the generation of the electro-motπce force sought
La situation ne se présente pas de façon aussi satisfaisante, ou même acceptable dans d'autres applications, et en particulier de nouvelles, ou il n'est pas possible de limiter l'exposition a la chaleur de la seule pointe de sonde du thermocouple et de contenir, de plus, cette exposition a la chaleur dans un gradient de température ne dépassant pas. au maximum. 600 °C C'est le cas. a titre d'exemple non limitatif, des nouvelles chambres de combustion d'émetteurs infra-rouges "haute température" en gπlles métalliques refractaires ou la configuration recherchée nécessite l'introduction de la pointe de sonde dans une chambre de combustion confinée pour atteindre des températures atteignant plus ou moins 950 °CThe situation is not as satisfactory, or even acceptable, in other applications, in particular new ones, where it is not possible to limit the exposure to heat of the single probe tip of the thermocouple and to contain, in addition, this exposure to heat in a temperature gradient not exceeding. to the maximum. 600 ° C This is the case. by way of nonlimiting example, new combustion chambers of "high temperature" infrared emitters made of refractory metal capsules or the configuration sought requires the introduction of the probe tip into a confined combustion chamber to reach temperatures reaching more or less 950 ° C
Dans ces conditions, non seulement la pointe de sonde du bulbe subit une température allant au delà de ses propres limites de 600°C pour sa longévité, mais également la douille a laquelle est fixée ce bulbe est soumise par conduction a une température non acceptable C'est a l'inteπeur et au niveau de cette douille que se situe la soudure "froide" Celle-ci portée a trop forte température, affecte la valeur de la différence de potentiel avec la soudure "chaude", mais surtout, soumet le segment en alliage spécifique compπs entre ces 2 soudures a une destruction inexorable par perte de matière suivant une géométrie en "pointes de crayon" opposées par le sommet (a l'image d'électrodes d'arc électrique), cette détérioration allant jusqu'à la rupture définitive du segment au des 2 pointes opposéesUnder these conditions, not only the probe tip of the bulb undergoes a temperature going beyond its own limits of 600 ° C for its longevity, but also the socket to which this bulb is fixed is subjected by conduction to an unacceptable temperature C 'is inside and at this socket that is located the "cold" weld This brought to too high temperature, affects the value of the potential difference with the "hot" weld, but above all, submits the segment in a specific alloy compπs between these 2 welds has inexorable destruction by loss of material according to a geometry in "pencil points" opposite by the top (like electric arc electrodes), this deterioration going up to the final segment break at of the 2 opposite points
A cela s'ajoute immédiatement, en amont de la douille, l'attaque du conducteur externe qui devient poreux et particulièrement sensible a l'oxydation et a l'action corrosive des gaz brûles dégages par la combustion voisine Dans ces conditions de température et de proximité, la durée de vie d'un thermocouple classique est très sensiblement réduite Les efforts-deploves pour rallonger cette durée de vie consiste essentiellement a retarder ces effets destructeursTo this is immediately added, upstream of the socket, the attack of the external conductor which becomes porous and particularly sensitive to oxidation and to the corrosive action of the burnt gases released by the neighboring combustion Under these conditions of temperature and proximity, the lifespan of a conventional thermocouple is very significantly reduced. The effort-deploves to extend this lifespan consists essentially in delaying these destructive effects.
- renforcement du volume de la soudure chaude.- reinforcement of the volume of the hot weld.
- traitement de surface par dépôt de nickel sur la douille et sur la partie du conducteur externe proche de la zone chaude Quoiqu'il en soit, il faut constater que ces efforts d'amélioration ne portent que sur les effets et non sur la cause- surface treatment by depositing nickel on the socket and on the part of the external conductor close to the hot zone Anyway, it should be noted that these improvement efforts relate only to the effects and not to the cause
En ce qui concerne les dispositifs de sécurité chaude, en cas de prise de feu a l'injecteur les dispositifs de coupure electπque connus sont de conception "mécanique", que cette interruption se fasse par rupture d'un fusible ou par l'ouv erture d'un contact thermostatique Ces dispositifs constituent év idemment un surcoût, av ec de surcroît l'inconvénient d'un shuntage 'pirate" touiours possible par un utilisateur inconscient ou imprudent La présente invention a donc pour objet pour la secuπte froideWith regard to the hot safety devices, in the event of a fire at the injector, the known electrical switching devices are of "mechanical" design, whether this interruption is made by breaking a fuse or by the opening. of a thermostatic contact These devices obviously constitute an additional cost, with in addition the disadvantage of a "pirate" bypass always possible by an unconscious or reckless user The present invention therefore relates to cold security
- de traiter la cause de la détérioration précoce des thermocouples lorsque ceux-ci sont places par nécessite au sein même d'enceintes de combustion portées a haute température atteignant plus ou moins 950 °C pour la secuπte chaude- to deal with the cause of the early deterioration of thermocouples when these are placed by necessity within combustion chambers brought to high temperature reaching more or less 950 ° C for hot secuπte
- de bénéficier des conséquences induites par les movens d'agencement mis en œuvre afin de traiter cette cause de détérioration, pour permettre aussi au thermocouple d'assurer la fonction, de secuπte chaude sans dispositif "mécanique" de coupure electπque Et donc d'obtenir globalement av ec un thermocouple classique un usage de longue durée a un coût minimum puisqu'il est utilise pour assurer a la fois les fonctions de secuπte froide et chaude sur des appareils a chambre de combustion confinée présentant l'intérêt de générer de hautes températures Ces hautes températures sont particulièrement recherchées pour les émetteurs infra-rouges lumineux afin d obtenir les longueurs d'ondes electro-magnetiques compπses entre 1,5 et 4 micromètres- to benefit from the consequences induced by the arrangement movens implemented in order to treat this cause of deterioration, to also allow the thermocouple to perform the function, of hot safety without "mechanical" device for electrical shutdown And therefore to obtain overall with a conventional thermocouple long-term use at a minimum cost since it is used to provide both cold and hot safety functions on devices with confined combustion chamber having the advantage of generating high temperatures These high temperatures are particularly sought after for infrared light emitters in order to obtain electromagnetic wavelengths between 1.5 and 4 micrometers
Plus précisément, l'invention consiste en un dispositif d'agencement d'un thermocouple par l'intérieur du conduit air-gaz d'un brûleur a gaz assurant a la fois les fonctions de sécurité froide et de secuπte chaude, ledit thermocouple comportant un conducteur externe se terminant par une pointe de sonde dans un bulbe formant fourreau assujetti a une douille, caractérise en ce que la partie a al du conducteur externe du thermocouple, côte pointe de sonde, pénètre a l'inteπeur du conduit d'arπvee du mélange air-gaz. en ce que la pointe de sonde en bout de bulbe bute en appui sur la surface interne de la zone de contact de la paroi ajourée d'une chambre de diffusion, et en ce que le dispositif d'agencement comprend une plaquette fixée transversalement a la section du débouche du conduit air-gaz. ladite plaquette présentant une surface de dimension appropπee pour remplir une fonction d'écran de ralentissement localise du flux air-gaz au niveau de la zone de contact avec la surface interne de la chambre de diffusion, la base de la douille de support du bulbe étant également calée en appui dans la lumière de la plaquette de guidage et de positionnement, la plaquette étant assujettie soit au débouche du conduit air-gaz, soit a la base de la chambre de diffusion cote débouche du conduitMore specifically, the invention consists of a device for arranging a thermocouple from the inside of the air-gas duct of a gas burner ensuring both the cold safety and hot safety functions, said thermocouple comprising a external conductor ending with a probe tip in a sheath bulb subject to a socket, characterized in that the part a al of the external conductor of the thermocouple, side probe tip, penetrates inside the inlet pipe of the mixture air-gas. in that the probe tip at the end of the bulb abuts on the internal surface of the contact area of the perforated wall of a diffusion chamber, and in that the arrangement device comprises a plate fixed transversely to the section of the air-gas duct opening. said plate having a surface of suitable size for fulfilling a screen-localizing function of the air-gas flow at the level of the zone of contact with the internal surface of the diffusion chamber, the base of the bulb support sleeve being also wedged in abutment in the light of the guide and positioning plate, the plate being subject either to the opening of the air-gas duct, or to the base of the diffusion chamber on the opening side of the duct
Il convient par une présentation générale, de montrer le pπncipe de fonctionnement de la présente invention Le dispositif objet des présents agencements et combinaisons consiste doncIt is appropriate by a general presentation, to show the operating pπncipe of the present invention The device object of the present arrangements and combinations therefore consists
- a positionner le thermocouple, en le faisant entrer a l'inteπeur du conduit d'arπvee du mélange air-gaz. pour faire déboucher la pointe de sonde au bout du bulbe a l'inteπeur de la chambre de diffusion au centre de la chambre de combustion, ou. s'il n'y a pas de chambre de diffusion, au débouche du conduit d'alimentation dans la chambre de combustion elle-même selon des détails d'agencements qui seront decπts plus loin dans un exemple additionnel avec 1 aide de la figure 3 - a guider le bulbe 4 de l'élément sensible (pointe de sonde) du thermocouple introduit dans le conduit l'alimentation en mélange air-gaz et assurer son positionnement exact, la pointe de sonde v enant buter contre la paroi interne de la gπlle constituant la chambre de diffusion,- To position the thermocouple, by making it enter the interior of the inlet duct of the air-gas mixture. to open the probe tip at the end of the bulb inside the diffusion chamber in the center of the combustion chamber, or. if there is no diffusion chamber, at the outlet of the supply conduit into the combustion chamber itself according to details of arrangements which will be decπts later in an additional example with 1 aid of FIG. 3 - to guide the bulb 4 of the sensitive element (probe tip) of the thermocouple introduced into the duct, supplying the air-gas mixture and ensuring its exact positioning, the probe tip v abutting against the internal wall of the gπlle constituting the chamber of diffusion,
- à créer par un déflecteur au débouché du tube côté chambre de diffusion une mini-zone abritée du flux frais et rapide du mélange air-gaz non encore enflammé.- To create by a deflector at the outlet of the tube on the diffusion chamber side a mini-zone sheltered from the fresh and rapid flow of the air-gas mixture not yet ignited.
Cette mini-zone, plus calme, contraint une parcelle de la paroi en grille de la chambre de diffusion à rougir très localement. De l'autre côté de la grille, en effet, le mélange air-gaz entre en combustion au ras de la grille dans la mini-zone abritée. C'est précisément à cet endroit même que la pointe de sonde vient buter contre la grille rougie ou seule donc, l'extrémité de soudure chaude est sollicitée par la chaleur nécessaire et suffisante pour générer la force électro-motrice recherchée et donc pour obtenir la fonction de sécurité "froide" grâce à la mini-zone abritée. Les mesures de température, à la pointe de sonde, se cantonnent autour des 500° C. En amont de la pointe de sonde et du bulbe, tout le reste du thermocouple se trouvant quant à lui ventilé par le flux frais air-gaz voit sa température s'établir à un niveau très inférieur à celui de la soudure chaude, cette différence atteignant plusieurs centaines de degrés centigrades. Par ailleurs, cette ventilation par le flux neuf et frais le met à l'abri de tout contact avec les gaz environnants de la combustion voisine, gaz d'autant plus corrosifs qu'ils sont extrêmement chauds, et en conséquence très dommageables pour le thermocouple quant à sa longévité. Pour remplir la fonction de sécurité chaude, sans dispositif mécanique additionnel, en cas de prise de feu à l'injecteur. c'est la chaleur de cette combustion interne elle-même, dans le conduit air-gaz avant son débouché dans la chambre de diffusion qui est utilisée. Cette inflammation interne environne alors le -conducteur externe du thermocouple qui parcourt l'intérieur du conduit jusqu'à la douille où se trouve la soudure froide. La zone de combustion s'étant ainsi déplacée du brûleur dans le conduit, la soudure froide s'échauffe alors que la soudure chaude se refroidit. La force électromotrice s'effondre et la mise en sécurité de fermeture du gaz est automatique. Avec les moyens mis en œuvre selon l'invention, cette inversion des températures est précisément la conséquence d'une prise de feu à l'injecteur, pour un thermocouple interne. Dans cette éventualité en effet, le mélange air-gaz s'enflammant dans le conduit et non plus dans la chambre de combustion, la douille contenant la soudure froide devient plus chaude que l'ensemble bulbe et pointe de sonde contenant la soudure chaude. Dans un laps de temps de l'ordre de 15 à 45 secondes, selon les caractéristiques des composants employés, la coupure électrique interrompt la prise de feu. La brièveté de cet événement anormal n'affecte pas suffisamment le conducteur externe pour le détériorer sérieusement et l'expérience montre qu'il faudrait compter une dizaine d'accidents successifs de prise de feu à l'injecteur, et donc que neuf opérations de maintenance d'un appareil aient été négligées, pour avoir à remplacer le thermocouple.This quieter mini-zone forces a plot of the grid wall of the diffusion chamber to blush very locally. On the other side of the grid, in fact, the air-gas mixture enters combustion near the grid in the sheltered mini-zone. It is precisely at this very place that the probe tip abuts against the reddened grid or alone, therefore, the hot solder end is stressed by the necessary and sufficient heat to generate the electro-motive force sought and therefore to obtain the "cold" safety function thanks to the sheltered mini-zone. The temperature measurements at the probe tip are confined to around 500 ° C. Upstream of the probe tip and the bulb, all the rest of the thermocouple being ventilated by the fresh air-gas flow sees its the temperature is established at a level much lower than that of the hot weld, this difference reaching several hundred degrees centigrade. Furthermore, this ventilation by the fresh and fresh flow protects it from any contact with the surrounding gases of neighboring combustion, gases which are all the more corrosive as they are extremely hot, and consequently very damaging for the thermocouple. as for its longevity. To perform the hot safety function, without additional mechanical device, if the injector ignites. it is the heat of this internal combustion itself, in the air-gas duct before its outlet in the diffusion chamber which is used. This internal inflammation then surrounds the external conductor of the thermocouple which runs through the interior of the conduit to the socket where the cold junction is located. The combustion zone having thus moved from the burner into the pipe, the cold weld heats up while the hot weld cools. The electromotive force collapses and the gas shutdown safety is automatic. With the means implemented according to the invention, this inversion of temperatures is precisely the consequence of a firing at the injector, for an internal thermocouple. In this event, in fact, the air-gas mixture igniting in the duct and no longer in the combustion chamber, the socket containing the cold solder becomes hotter than the bulb and probe tip assembly containing the hot solder. In a period of around 15 to 45 seconds, depending on the characteristics of the components used, the electrical cut-off interrupts the ignition. The brevity of this abnormal event does not affect the external conductor enough to seriously deteriorate it, and experience shows that it would take about ten successive injector fire catch accidents, and therefore only nine maintenance operations. of a device have been neglected, to have to replace the thermocouple.
Pour la commodité de la description, il convient de décrire, suivant le mode préféré de réalisation, les cas le plus courant où l'invention peut-être avantageusement utilisée. C'est particulièrement le cas des brûleurs a gaz émetteurs Infrarouges en haute température, selon la technique de combustion en chambre confinée. Cela n'exclut pas d'autres types de brûleurs pour d'autres applications comme cela sera mentionné plus loin. La figure 1 représente en coupe longitudinale un premier exemple de mode de réalisation d'un agencement de thermocouple selon l'invention, dans un brûleur a conduit d'arπvee air-gaz coudéeFor the convenience of the description, it is advisable to describe, according to the preferred embodiment, the most common cases where the invention can be advantageously used. This is particularly the case for infrared emitting gas burners at high temperature, using the confined chamber combustion technique. This does not exclude other types of burners for other applications as will be mentioned later. Figure 1 shows in longitudinal section a first example of a embodiment of a thermocouple arrangement according to the invention, in a burner pipe arπvee bent air-gas
La figure 2 représente en coupe longitudinale un deuxième exemple de mode de réalisation d'un agencement de thermocouple selon l'invention, dans un brûleur a conduit d'arπvee air-gaz non coudée2 shows in longitudinal section a second exemplary embodiment of a thermocouple arrangement according to the invention, in a burner pipe arπvee not bent air-gas
La figure 3 représente en coupe longitudinale un troisième exemple de mode de réalisation d'un agencement de thermocouple selon l'invention, dans un brûleur comportant une gπlle plate dite "accroche flamme" au niveau du débouche du tubeFIG. 3 shows in longitudinal section a third exemplary embodiment of a thermocouple arrangement according to the invention, in a burner comprising a flat gπlle called "flame catch" at the outlet of the tube
La figure 4 représente en coupe longitudinale un quatπeme exemple de mode de réalisation d'un agencement de thermocouple selon l'invention, dans un brûleur a conduit d'arπvee air-gaz coudéeFIG. 4 shows in longitudinal section a fourth exemplary embodiment of a thermocouple arrangement according to the invention, in a burner with a bent air-gas inlet pipe
En regard de la figure 1. la partie concernée du brûleur, objet de la descπption, est essentiellement constitueWith regard to FIG. 1. the concerned part of the burner, the object of the description, is essentially constituted
- côté amont, d'un conduit d'arπvee du mélange air-gaz, appelé aussi tube ventun 2. Ce tube ventun comporte a son extrémité d'entrée- upstream side, an air-gas mixture inlet pipe, also called ventun tube 2. This ventun tube has at its inlet end
- une pπse d'air neuf,- fresh air,
- une valve de secuπte d'amvée du gaz 8, qui alimente un injecteur de gaz 9 fixé au bout d'un tube porte-injecteur 10. Cet ensemble est de type classique.- A gas supply safety valve 8, which supplies a gas injector 9 fixed to the end of an injector holder tube 10. This assembly is of conventional type.
- côté aval, à son extrémité de sortie du mélange air-gaz, le tube ventun 2. coudé dans l'exemple décrit, comporte avant son débouché 7 dans la chambre de diffusion 5 une plaquette de positionnement et de guidage 1 1 de la pointe de sonde 3 en bout du bulbe 4 du thermocouple. Sur cette plaquette de positionnement 1 1 est ménagée une lumière 12 dans laquelle est engagé le bulbe 4 du thermocouple. Une fois cette plaquette traversée, la pointe de sonde 3 vient buter contre la surface interne 13 de la gπlle constituant la paroi de la chambre de diffusion 5 Cette solution d'assujettissement de la plaquette a la base du tube d'arπvee du mélange air-gaz est, dans l'exemple présent une solution commode- downstream side, at its outlet end of the air-gas mixture, the ventun tube 2. bent in the example described, before its outlet 7 in the diffusion chamber 5 has a positioning and guide plate 11 of the tip probe 3 at the end of bulb 4 of the thermocouple. On this positioning plate 1 1 is formed a light 12 in which is engaged the bulb 4 of the thermocouple. Once this plate has been crossed, the probe tip 3 abuts against the internal surface 13 of the plate constituting the wall of the diffusion chamber 5 This solution for securing the plate to the base of the air mixture tube gas is, in the present example a convenient solution
Cependant, cette solution n'est pas exclusive, et il peut être avantageux dans d'autres configurations, de fixer la plaquette, non pas au tube, mais au niveau de la chambre de diffusion elle même, a sa base de contact avec le tube L'essentiel étant que la fonction de guidage, de positionnement du bulbe et de contact avec la grille de la chambre de diffusion soit assurée, quelque soit le moyen équivalent.However, this solution is not exclusive, and it may be advantageous in other configurations, to fix the plate, not to the tube, but at the level of the diffusion chamber itself, at its base of contact with the tube. The main thing is that the guiding function, positioning of the bulb and contact with the grid of the diffusion chamber is ensured, whatever the equivalent means.
La plaquette de guidage et de positionnement est oπentee en travers du mouvement longitudinal du flux air-gaz afin que sa surface forme en déflecteur un écran a la vélocité du flux au débouche du tube ventun. Ainsi se créé une mmi-zone de flux plus calme entre la face non exposée de la plaquette 1 1 et la portion de surface interne 13 de la paroi de la chambre de diffusion parce qu'elle est abritée sous la plaquette Ce flux plus calme, lorsqu'il s'enflamme sur la face externe de la gπlle de la chambre de diffusion au niveau de la mini-zone, s'enflamme au ras de la grille qui présente alors une petite surface de rougissement localise du métal de la grille, précisément autour du point de contact de la pointe de sonde av ec la grille C'est le but recherche pour ne chauffer que l'extrémité de la soudure chaude de la pointe de sonde sans affecter le reste du thermocouple par les effets néfastes d'une trop forte température L'interposition d'une gπlle entre la pointe de sonde (soudure chaude) et la flamme de combustion présente entre en outre l'avantage de protéger cette pointe d'une deteπoration fa orisée par le caractère oxvdant d'une flamme nue L'expenence montre l'importance de ce facteur sur la perte de longévité des pointes de sonde des thermocouplesThe guide and positioning plate is oπentee across the longitudinal movement of the air-gas flow so that its surface forms a deflector screen at the velocity of the flow at the outlet of the ventun tube. This creates a quieter mid-flow zone between the unexposed face of the plate 1 1 and the internal surface portion 13 of the wall of the diffusion chamber because it is sheltered under the plate. This calmer flow, when it ignites on the external face of the gπlle of the diffusion chamber at the level of the mini-zone, ignites flush with the grid which then presents a small area of localized reddening of the metal of the grid, precisely around the point of contact of the probe tip with the grid This is the goal sought to heat only the end of the hot solder of the probe tip without affecting the rest of the thermocouple by the effects harmful from too high a temperature The interposition of a gπlle between the probe tip (hot solder) and the combustion flame present also has the advantage of protecting this tip from deteπoration fa orized by the oxvdant character d open flame The exenceence shows the importance of this factor on the loss of longevity of thermocouple probe tips
Pour compléter la descπption du moyen de guidage précis du thermocouple, après son introduction par l'amont du tube v entuπ pour faire aboutir la pointe de sonde au centre de la lumière 12 de la plaquette de guidage et de positionnement il convient de remarquer que la section tubulaire. concave a l'intérieur, de la partie coudée du tube (convexe a l'exteneur), convient tout particulièrement au guidage automatique de la pointe de sonde Comme la ligne de talweg d'une πgole. il n'y a qu'une ligne de plus grande pente, et une seule, au fond de la concavité du tube, selon laquelle la pointe de sonde va glisser obligatoirement vers le centre de la lumière de la plaquette de positionnement, placée a l'aplomb de cette ligne de glissement Dans le cas d'autres configurations d'appareils, en particulier les brûleurs comportant un tube \ entun 2 non coude, qu'il soit vertical ou oblique, la figure 2 montre comment le guidage d'introduction et de positionnement du thermocouple par un fourreau adjacent 18 peut-être assure de façon aussi rigoureuse, grâce a l'effet de "rigole" de l'intérieur du tube, immédiatement en amont de son débouche dans la chambre de diffusionTo complete the descπption of the precise guide means of the thermocouple, after its introduction upstream of the tube entuπ to bring the probe tip to the center of the light 12 of the guide and positioning plate it should be noted that the tubular section. concave inside, from the bent part of the tube (convex to the extender), is particularly suitable for automatic guidance of the probe tip Like the talweg line of an πgole. there is only one line of greatest slope, and only one, at the bottom of the concavity of the tube, according to which the probe tip will necessarily slide towards the center of the light of the positioning plate, placed at the plumb with this sliding line In the case of other device configurations, in particular burners comprising a non-bent tube \ entun 2, whether vertical or oblique, FIG. 2 shows how the insertion guide and positioning of the thermocouple by an adjacent sheath 18 can also be rigorously ensured, thanks to the "groove" effect of the interior of the tube, immediately upstream of its opening in the diffusion chamber
Il convient alors d'obturer, comme représente sur la figure 2. autour du conducteur externe du thermocouple l'extrémité libre du fourreau adjacent aussi bien pour ne pas perturber le flux air-gaz qu'empêcher tout retour de flux intempestif par le fourreauIt is then advisable to close off, as shown in FIG. 2. around the external conductor of the thermocouple, the free end of the adjacent sheath both so as not to disturb the air-gas flow and to prevent any return of untimely flow by the sheath.
Il peut s'avérer aussi qu'il soit intéressant d'utiliser un fo reau adjacent 18 de guidage d'introduction et de positionnement sur un appareil comportant un tube ventun coude La figure 4 illustre cette possibilité, le fourreau adjacent 18 rejoignant le tube 2 a l'endroit le plus appropne du dit tube, l'essentiel étantIt may also prove to be advantageous to use an adjacent duct 18 for introduction and positioning guidance on an apparatus comprising a tube with a bend. FIG. 4 illustrates this possibility, the adjacent sheath 18 joining the tube 2 at the most appropriate point of said tube, the essential being
- de conserver l'effet de "πgole" a l'inteπeur du tube, tel que decnt plus haut- to keep the "πgole" effect inside the tube, as described above
- de permettre a la partie aval du conαucteur externe du thermocouple introduite par le fourreau a l'inteπeur du tube et donc située au dessus de la douille 14 du thermocouple de bénéficier, sur une longueur suffisante pour son refroidissement, de la ventilation du flux frais air-gaz se diπgeant vers le débouche 7- allow the downstream part of the external thermocouple conαucteur introduced by the sheath inside the tube and therefore located above the socket 14 of the thermocouple to benefit, over a sufficient length for its cooling, the ventilation of the fresh flow air-gas diverging towards the outlet 7
Il est a noter que si le fourreau adjacent 18 ne peut être place pour une raison quelconque dans le plan longitudinal de symetπe du tube coude, mais déporte latéralement selon un plan oblique par rapport au plan longitudinal, la ligne de plus grande pente formant "rigole" se situe dans ce plan oblique En conséquence la plaquette 1 1 et sa lumière 12 de guidage du bulbe 4 du thermocouple doivent être disposées dans ce plan oblique puisque celui-ci contient la ligne de fond de "πgole"It should be noted that if the adjacent sheath 18 cannot be placed for any reason in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the elbow tube, but drifts laterally in an oblique plane relative to the longitudinal plane, the line of greatest slope forming "channel" "is located in this oblique plane Consequently the plate 1 1 and its lumen 12 for guiding the bulb 4 of the thermocouple must be placed in this oblique plane since it contains the bottom line of" πgole "
Il con ient par ailleurs dans la configuration représentée sur la figure 4 et comme dans le cas du tube non coude de la configuration représentée sur la figure 2. d'obturer, autour du conducteur externe du thermocouple 1 extrémité libre du touπeau adjacent 18 par un élément de blocage et d'obturation au del de cette extrémité libre du fourreau le conducteur externe du thermocouple se trouv e a l'exteπeur du conduit air-gaz et rejoint la valve de secuπte 8 a laquelle il est classiquement connecte.It also con ies in the configuration shown in Figure 4 and as in the case of the non-bent tube of the configuration shown in Figure 2. to close around the outer conductor of the thermocouple 1 free end of the adjacent touπeau 18 by a blocking and obturation element beyond this free end of the sleeve external conductor of the thermocouple is located outside the air-gas duct and joins the safety valve 8 to which it is conventionally connected.
La partie "combustion" du brûleur pπs en référence de descπption avec la figure 1 comporte enfin une chambre de combustion 6 dont le volume est délimite - par la face externe de la paroi de la chambre de diffusion citée plus haut, etThe "combustion" part of the pπs burner with reference to descπption with FIG. 1 finally comprises a combustion chamber 6 whose volume is delimited - by the external face of the wall of the diffusion chamber mentioned above, and
- par la face interne de l'enceinte extérieure de la dite chambre de combustion. C'est dans cet espace compns entre ces deux parois que se produit l'inflammation et la combustion du mélange air-gaz a haute température, cette dernière pouvant atteindre plus ou moins 950°C On remarquera donc que le thermocouple se trouve bien, quant a lui. entièrement sépare de cet espace ou a eu la combustion, puisque, même sa pointe de sonde 3 est de l'autre côté de la chambre de diffusion- By the internal face of the external enclosure of said combustion chamber. It is in this space compns between these two walls that ignition and combustion of the air-gas mixture takes place at high temperature, the latter possibly reaching more or less 950 ° C. It will therefore be noted that the thermocouple is found well, as to him. entirely separated from this space or had combustion, since even its probe tip 3 is on the other side of the diffusion chamber
Pour étendre l'application selon l'invention a d'autres brûleurs, comme représenté sur la figure 3. ne comportant normalement pas de chambre de diffusion, conique, cylindrique ou autre, mais seulement et au mieux une gπlle plate dite "accroche flamme" au niveau du débouche 7 du tube 2. il convient de prévoir a ce niveau, suivant le même pπncipe que celui decnt précédemment, un espace calme et protégé Cet espace est en fait une mini-chambre de diffusion 19 en métal réfractaire finement ajoure avec, à son entrée côté tube, une plaquette 1 1 avec lumière d'introduction 12 de la pointe de sonde et du bulbe. Cette plaquette doit être de surface infeneure à la section transversale de la mini- chambre de diffusion pour laisser le flux frais (donc non enflammé) du mélange air-gaz remplir par cette entrée le volume mtéπeur de la dite mini-chambre. On reconstitue ainsi les conditions de protection de l'extrémité sensible du thermocouple de même que l'on obtient la ventilation recherchée de la douille et du conducteur externe du thermocouple.To extend the application according to the invention to other burners, as shown in Figure 3. normally not comprising a diffusion chamber, conical, cylindrical or other, but only and at best a flat gπlle called "flame catch" at the opening 7 of the tube 2. it is necessary to provide at this level, following the same pπncipe as that decnt previously, a calm and protected space This space is in fact a mini-diffusion chamber 19 in finely openwork refractory metal with, at its entry on the tube side, a plate 1 1 with insertion light 12 for the probe tip and the bulb. This plate must have a surface area less than the cross section of the mini diffusion chamber to allow the fresh (and therefore not ignited) flow of the air-gas mixture to fill through this inlet the metered volume of said mini-chamber. The conditions of protection of the sensitive end of the thermocouple are thus reconstituted, as is the desired ventilation of the socket and of the external conductor of the thermocouple.
On peut donc employer y compns dans ces autres configurations un thermocouple de constitution classique et l'agencer comme suit a) côte pointe de sonde en bout de bulbe la douille 14 d'assujettissement du bulbe 4 est utilisée sur ses premiers millimètres de jonction au bulbe comme palier d'appui dans la lumière 12 de la plaquette de guidage et de positionnement 1 1 , la pointe de sonde, au niveau de sa soudure chaude 3. rencontre comme point de butée et d'appui la paroi interne de la chambre de diffusion. dans la présente descπption de la configuration préférée selon la figure 2. comme dans la configuration représentée figure 4. l'ensemble bulbe-douille du thermocouple se trouve cale, naturellement, par effet de "coin", entre ses deux points d'appui, ce calage étant favonse par l'obhcite de la paroi conique de la chambre de diffusion 5, dans d'autres configurations comme par exemple celle d'une chambre de diffusion cylmdπque 20, l'effet de "coin" de l'ensemble bulbe-douille contre la gπlle de la chambre de diffusion est avantageusement obtenu, par exemple par une protubérance cyhndro- conique 21 sur la douille 14, a l'aplomb amont de la plaquette de guidage et de positionnement Cette protubérance 21 , qui peut être une bague enfilée en force sur la douille, en prenant appui sur la paroi interne du tube v entun. donne a l'ensemble bulbe- douille l'obhcite qui pourrait lui manquer en iaison de la v erticalité de la paroi cyhndπque de la chambre de diffusion b) Côte entrée du tube v entuπ il convient d'immobiliser le conducteur externe du thermocouple afin d'empêcher son recul et garantir ainsi la permanence du contact en butée de la pointe de sonde contre la paroi interne 13 de la chambre de diffusion, cet assujettissement précis du conducteur externe par rapport au tube ventun est assure par deux moyens commodes dans le cas de la configuration décπteIt is therefore possible to use y including in these other configurations a thermocouple of conventional constitution and to arrange it as follows a) side probe tip at the end of the bulb the socket 14 for securing the bulb 4 is used on its first millimeters of junction with the bulb as support bearing in the lumen 12 of the guide and positioning plate 1 1, the probe tip, at its hot weld 3. meets as an abutment and support point the internal wall of the diffusion chamber . in the present description of the preferred configuration according to FIG. 2. as in the configuration shown in FIG. 4. the bulb-socket assembly of the thermocouple is wedged, naturally, by "wedge" effect, between its two support points, this wedging being favonse by the obhcite of the conical wall of the diffusion chamber 5, in other configurations such as for example that of a cylmdπque diffusion chamber 20, the "wedge" effect of the bulb assembly- sleeve against the gπlle of the diffusion chamber is advantageously obtained, for example by a cyhndron-conical protuberance 21 on the sleeve 14, plumb upstream of the guide and positioning plate This protrusion 21, which can be a threaded ring in force on the sleeve, by resting on the internal wall of the v entun tube. gives the bulb-socket assembly the obscurity that it might lack due to the veracity of the cyhndπque wall of the diffusion chamber b) Inlet side of the tube v entuπ it is necessary to immobilize the external conductor of the thermocouple in order to prevent its recoil and thus guarantee the permanence of the contact in abutment of the probe tip against the internal wall 13 of the diffusion chamber, this precise securing of the external conductor relative to the ventun tube is ensured by two convenient means in the case of the configuration decπte
- sur le tube ventun . une vis de serrage 15 au niveau de l'entrée d'air bloque dans la position adéquate le conducteur externe 16 du thermocouple 1 en le pressant contre le tube mjecteur de gaz 10,- on the ventun tube. a clamping screw 15 at the level of the air inlet blocks the external conductor 16 of the thermocouple 1 in the appropriate position by pressing it against the gas injector tube 10,
- sur le conducteur externe une saillie-repère 17, formant butée, empêche le conducteur de s'engager plus profondement dans le tube Elle sert aussi de repère de positionnement si cet engagement est au contraire insuffisant Ln moyen intéressant de réalisation de cette sailhe-repere 17 consiste a utiliser un segment de gaine thermorétractable présentant l'avantage d'être aisément enfilé dans le thermocouple avant chauffage de retraction et d'être πgoureusement positionne après ce chauffage. Il va de soi que tous autres moyens donnant un résultat équivalent peuvent être utilises, particulièrement dans le cas d'autres configurations, l'essentiel étant d'assurer le maintien systématique du thermocouple interne dans la position adéquate d'assujettissement- On the external conductor, a reference projection 17, forming a stop, prevents the conductor from engaging more deeply in the tube. It also serves as a positioning marker if this engagement is, on the contrary, insufficient. Ln interesting means of producing this sailhe-reference 17 consists in using a segment of heat-shrinkable sheath having the advantage of being easily threaded into the thermocouple before heating of retraction and of being πgorously positioned after this heating. It goes without saying that any other means giving an equivalent result can be used, particularly in the case of other configurations, the main thing being to ensure the systematic maintenance of the internal thermocouple in the adequate securing position.
Parmi ces autres moyens d'assujettissement et de repère, on peut mentionner ceux représenté en 22 et 23 sur la figure 2 qui assurent aussi l'obturation de l'extrémité libre du fourreau adjacent 18. ainsi que celui représenté en 24 et 25 sur la figure 4. Le repère 25 est alors une saillie fixée sur le conducteur externe du thermocouple, en aval du moyen de serrage et d'obturation 24. et donc a l'intérieur du founeau 18 Le blocage du conducteur externe du thermocouple et le positionnement de la pointe de sonde 3 est assurée lorsque la vis 24. à travers laquelle passe le conducteur externe du thermocouple est vissée à fond.Among these other means of securing and marking, one can mention those represented in 22 and 23 in FIG. 2 which also ensure the obturation of the free end of the adjacent sheath 18. as well as that represented in 24 and 25 on the Figure 4. The mark 25 is then a projection fixed on the external conductor of the thermocouple, downstream of the clamping and sealing means 24. and therefore inside the founeau 18 The blocking of the external conductor of the thermocouple and the positioning of the probe tip 3 is ensured when the screw 24. through which the external conductor of the thermocouple passes is fully screwed.
En résumé, par la description ci-dessus détaillée, le dispositif et les moyens d'agencement exposes permettent l'utilisation d'un thermocouple classique, par l'installation de sa partie aval, côte pointe de sonde, a l'intérieur du conduit d'arrivée au brûleur du mélange air-gaz. Sa partie amont, quant a elle, débouche a l'extérieur, soit par l'extrémité d'entrée air-gaz du tube ventun coude, soit par un fourreau adjacent rejoignant ledit tube, qu'il soit droit ou coude, en amont de son débouché a l'intérieur de la chambre de diffusion Ainsi sont assurées a la fois, après connexion du thermocouple a la valve de secuπte. les fonctions de secuπte froide et de sécurité chaude, dans des brûleurs "hautes températures"In summary, by the above detailed description, the device and the exposed arrangement means allow the use of a conventional thermocouple, by installing its downstream part, probe tip side, inside the duct. air-gas mixture supplied to the burner. Its upstream part, meanwhile, opens to the outside, either by the air-gas inlet end of the ventun elbow tube, or by an adjacent sheath joining said tube, whether straight or elbow, upstream of its outlet inside the diffusion chamber Thus are ensured at once, after connection of the thermocouple to the safety valve. cold safety and hot safety functions in "high temperature" burners
- en s 'affranchissant de la limite de température au dessus de laquelle la résistance matérielle du thermocouple n est plus assurée. - en utilisant, en cas de combustion interne dans le conduit d'arrivée du mélange air-gaz, l'inversion de température entre la soudure chaude et la soudure froide du thermocouple en raison de son echautfement a l' inteneur du conduit ou le mélange air-saz est entre en combustion. Le résultat est l'interruption rapide de cette prise de feu a l'injecteur par effondrement de la force électromotrice ayant pour conséquence finale la fermeture de l'arnvée du gaz à la valve de sécuπté. - by getting rid of the temperature limit above which the material resistance of the thermocouple is no longer ensured. - using, in the case of internal combustion in the inlet duct the air-gas mixture, the reversal of temperature between the hot junction and cold junction of the thermocouple due to its echautfement has the intenor of the duct or the air mixture -saz entered combustion. The result is the rapid interruption of this igniting of the injector by collapse of the electromotive force resulting in the final closure of the gas supply to the safety valve.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif d'agencement d'un thermocouple (1) par l'intérieur du conduit air-gaz (2) d'un brûleur a gaz assurant a la fois les fonctions de sécurité froide et de secuπte chaude, ledit thermocouple comportant un conducteur externe se terminant par une pointe de sonde dans un bulbe formant founeau assujetti a une douille, caractérisé en ce que la partie aval du conducteur externe du thermocouple, côte pointe de sonde (3), pénètre a l'intérieur du conduit (2) d'arrivée du mélange air-gaz, en ce que la pointe de sonde (3) en bout de bulbe (4) bute en appui sur la surface interne de la zone de contact (13) de la paroi ajourée d'une chambre de diffusion (5, 19). et en ce que le dispositif d'agencement comprend une plaquette (1 1 ) fixée transversalement a la section du débouché (7) du conduit air-gaz (2). ladite plaquette présentant une surface de dimension appropπee pour remplir une fonction d'écran de ralentissement localise du flux air-gaz au mveau de la zone de contact (13) avec la surface interne de la chambre de diffusion (5, 19), la base de la douille (14) de support du bulbe (4) étant également calée en appui dans la lumière (12) de la plaquette de guidage et de positionnement ( 1 1 ), la plaquette (1 1) étant assujettie soit au débouché du conduit air-gaz (2), soit a la base de la chambre de diffusion côté débouché (7) du conduit1. Arrangement device for a thermocouple (1) through the interior of the air-gas duct (2) of a gas burner ensuring both the cold safety and hot safety functions, said thermocouple comprising a conductor external ending with a probe tip in a bulb forming a founeau subject to a socket, characterized in that the downstream part of the external conductor of the thermocouple, side probe tip (3), penetrates inside the conduit (2) d arrival of the air-gas mixture, in that the probe tip (3) at the end of the bulb (4) abuts on the internal surface of the contact zone (13) of the perforated wall of a diffusion chamber (5, 19). and in that the arrangement device comprises a plate (1 1) fixed transversely to the section of the outlet (7) of the air-gas duct (2). said plate having a surface of suitable size for fulfilling a screen localization function of the air-gas flow at the level of the contact zone (13) with the internal surface of the diffusion chamber (5, 19), the base of the bulb support bushing (14) being also wedged in abutment in the lumen (12) of the guide and positioning plate (1 1), the plate (1 1) being subject either to the outlet of the conduit air-gas (2), either at the base of the diffusion chamber on the outlet side (7) of the duct
2. Dispositif selon la Revendication 1. caractérisé en ce que la douille support du bulbe (14) est munie d'une protubérance (21) dont le profil détermine l'inclinaison et le calage adéquat de la pointe de sonde (3) contre la zone de contact (13) de la surface interne de la paroi de la chambre de diffusion (5)2. Device according to Claim 1. characterized in that the bulb support socket (14) is provided with a protuberance (21) whose profile determines the inclination and the correct setting of the probe tip (3) against the contact area (13) of the internal surface of the wall of the diffusion chamber (5)
3. Dispositif selon la Revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en-ce que dans le cas où le corps du brûleur est organise autour d'un axe vertical, avec un conduit air-gaz (2) essentiellement vertical côte débouche (7), la partie aval du thermocouple, côte pointe de sonde (3), pénètre a l'intérieur du conduit air-gaz (2) en amont du débouche par un fourreau adjacent de guidage (18) rejoignant ledit conduit (2), le conducteur externe du thermocouple étant alors solidarise au niveau de sa sailhe-repere (22) a l'extrémité libre du fourreau adjacent par un élément de blocage et d'obturation (23)3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the case where the burner body is organized around a vertical axis, with an air-gas duct (2) essentially vertical opening side (7), the downstream part of the thermocouple, probe tip side (3), penetrates inside the air-gas duct (2) upstream of the outlet by an adjacent guide sleeve (18) joining said duct (2), the external conductor of the thermocouple then being secured at its sailhe-mark (22) at the free end of the adjacent sleeve by a blocking and obturation element (23)
4. Dispositif selon la Revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas ou le corps du brûleur comporte un conduit air-gaz coude, la partie aval du thermocouple côte pointe sonde (3), pénètre a l'intérieur dudit conduit air-gaz (2) par l'extrémité amont du tube ventun (2) côte entrée mélange air-gaz. le conducteur externe ( 16) du thermocouple (1) étant alors sohdaπse au niveau de sa saillie repère (15) par un moyen de blocage (17)4. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the case where the burner body comprises an elbow air-gas duct, the downstream part of the thermocouple side probe tip (3), penetrates inside said air duct - gas (2) via the upstream end of the ventun tube (2) on the air-gas mixture inlet side. the external conductor (16) of the thermocouple (1) then being sohdaπse at its reference projection (15) by a locking means (17)
5. Dispositif selon la Revendication 1 ou 2. caractérise en ce que dans le cas des appareils comportant un conduit air-gaz coude la partie aval du thermocouple, côte pointe de sonde, pénètre a F inteneur du conduit air-gaz. que ce soit par l'extrémité de ce conduit, côte entrée air-gaz, ou par un tourteau adjacent rejoignant ledit conduit dans tous les cas, la partie amont du conducteur externe du thermocouple comportant a son extrémité la connexion a la valve de secuπte (8) se trouvant a 1 exteπeur du conduit cote entrée air-gaz5. Device according to claim 1 or 2. characterized in that in the case of devices comprising an air-gas pipe bends the downstream part of the thermocouple, on the probe tip side, penetrates into the interior of the air-gas pipe. whether by the end of this conduit, air-gas inlet side, or by an adjacent cake joining said conduit in all cases, the upstream part of the external conductor of the thermocouple comprising at its end the connection to the safety valve ( 8) located on the outside of the air-gas inlet side duct
6. Dispositif selon la Rev endication 1 caractérise en ce que dans le cas des brûleurs ne comportant pas de chambre de diffusion mais seulement et au mieux une grille "accroche flamme", une mini-chambre de diffusion ( 19) et une plaquette de guidage et de positionnement ( 1 1 ) sont intégrées au niveau du débouché (7) du conduit (2) du mélange air-gaz à l'entrée de la chambre de combustion (6). 6. Device according to Rev endication 1 characterized in that in the case of burners having no diffusion chamber but only and at best a "flame catching" grid, a mini diffusion chamber (19) and a guide and positioning plate (1 1) are integrated at the outlet (7) of the duct (2) of the air-gas mixture at the inlet of the combustion chamber (6).
EP01919588A 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Device for installing a thermocouple Expired - Lifetime EP1269080B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0004002 2000-03-30
FR0004002A FR2807144B1 (en) 2000-03-30 2000-03-30 DEVICE FOR ARRANGING A CLASSIC THERMOCOUPLE THROUGH THE AIR-GAS CONDUIT OF A GAS BURNER TO PROVIDE THE FUNCTIONS OF "COLD SECURITY" AND "HOT SECURITY"
FR0009014 2000-07-11
FR0009014A FR2807145B1 (en) 2000-03-30 2000-07-11 DEVICE FOR ARRANGING A CLASSIC THERMOCOUPLE THROUGH THE AIR-GAS SUPPLY DUCT OF A GAS BURNER TO PROVIDE THE FUNCTIONS OF "COLD SECURITY" AND "HOT SECURITY"
PCT/FR2001/000938 WO2001075367A1 (en) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Device for installing a thermocouple

Publications (2)

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EP1269080A1 true EP1269080A1 (en) 2003-01-02
EP1269080B1 EP1269080B1 (en) 2004-10-20

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EP01919588A Expired - Lifetime EP1269080B1 (en) 2000-03-30 2001-03-28 Device for installing a thermocouple

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EP (1) EP1269080B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60106584D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2230289T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2807145B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001075367A1 (en)

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US6702458B2 (en) 2004-03-09
EP1269080B1 (en) 2004-10-20
FR2807145A1 (en) 2001-10-05
US20030029491A1 (en) 2003-02-13
FR2807145B1 (en) 2002-06-14
WO2001075367A1 (en) 2001-10-11
DE60106584D1 (en) 2004-11-25
ES2230289T3 (en) 2005-05-01

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