EP1268075B1 - Open jet centrifuge with monitoring means, and method for monitoring the same - Google Patents

Open jet centrifuge with monitoring means, and method for monitoring the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1268075B1
EP1268075B1 EP01938031A EP01938031A EP1268075B1 EP 1268075 B1 EP1268075 B1 EP 1268075B1 EP 01938031 A EP01938031 A EP 01938031A EP 01938031 A EP01938031 A EP 01938031A EP 1268075 B1 EP1268075 B1 EP 1268075B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
rotor
monitoring
sensor
free jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01938031A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1268075A1 (en
Inventor
Helmuth Fischer
Hans-Joachim Esch
Peter Frehland
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Mann and Hummel GmbH
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Mann and Hummel GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/04—Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B04B11/043—Load indication with or without control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/005—Centrifugal separators or filters for fluid circulation systems, e.g. for lubricant oil circulation systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/02—Casings; Lids
    • B04B7/06—Safety devices ; Regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/06—Fluid drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/10—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant venting or purifying means, e.g. of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring a system with a Free jet centrifuge and a free jet centrifuge with monitoring devices.
  • FIG Document a centrifuge rotor, which is mounted on an axis and axial play having.
  • the nozzles 48 are oriented obliquely downwards, so that through the operation the centrifuge creates an axial force component that opposes the rotor Weight force against one attached to the upper axial stop for the rotor Contact ring presses. A malfunction is indicated if the rotor Operating leaves the contact ring.
  • control device described is not suitable if the centrifuge rotor, as is axially fixed in the housing in WO 99/54 051 (see FIG. 2).
  • This design enables the use of ball bearings, which lead to a low rotational resistance of the rotor and a reduction in the leakage current leads to the camps.
  • such a centrifuge design must also be dependent be monitored by the application.
  • the object of the invention is therefore, methods and devices for monitoring the function of a free jet centrifuge to create which reliably malfunctions the centrifuge. This object is solved by claims 1 and 6.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for monitoring a system which is definitely a free jet centrifuge and the liquid to be centrifuged contains.
  • the system can also contain other components.
  • Such an application arises, for. B. in the automotive field for cleaning the lubricating oil.
  • Monitoring can be done independently an axial force is applied to the rotor of the centrifuge along its axis of rotation acts. This has the advantage that the monitoring is independent of the interaction of the components generating the axial force. malfunction can be determined without the mechanical properties of the Centrifuge such as bearing wear or nozzle wear as well as the course of the pressure of the liquid to be centrifuged must be observed. In particular, the Determination does not depend on the operation of the centrifuge, because of the nozzles generated axial force component is not necessary. About the filling level of the centrifuge and thus their weight can, for. B. during the standstill of the centrifuge a statement can be made, causing disturbances that falsify the result could be largely excluded. The monitoring signal can be passed on to corresponding output devices, the malfunctions Show. This can in the automotive field, for. B. Control lights on the dashboard his. But it is also the evaluation of the measurement signals by the engine electronics conceivable.
  • the monitoring continues through a pressure sensor that outputs a signal depending on the one acting on the rotor Axial force generated.
  • a piezoelectric sensor can be used here become.
  • the measurement of the axial force is not dependent on the invention from the axial force generated by the nozzles.
  • the Axial force can be determined during standstill of the centrifuge, whereby Advantages are achieved.
  • it can also be used during operation a measurement is made of the centrifuge, an axial force component of the Nozzles must be observed if they are inclined.
  • it is also a purely horizontal effect of the nozzles is conceivable. This has the advantage that the Propulsion of the nozzles can only be used to drive the centrifuge, whereby higher speeds can be achieved.
  • the pressure of the centrifuge to be centrifuged can continue Fluids are determined. This can e.g. B. done by sensors that are in anyway System, e.g. B. the internal combustion engine are provided. These values are anyway evaluated by the motor electronics and can be directly connected to the centrifuge determined measured values are supplemented. Additional sensors can also be used in the system to make the most accurate statements about the condition the centrifuge.
  • a speed sensor in particular an optoelectric sensor
  • An alternative embodiment of the sensor would be, for. B. a tachometer generator.
  • the speed of the rotor can be determined. This measurement signal can be evaluated as such, whereby z. B. can be monitored whether the centrifuge reaches its nominal speed.
  • additional statements are possible. For example, using one Time recording the startup behavior of the centrifuge can be determined. About the The structure of the filter cake in the rotor can be started up indirectly monitor as the increasing inertia of the rotor lengthens the Run-up time leads.
  • the time required for the centrifuge at one Changes between certain characteristic operating states can be determined. For this, additional sensors are necessary, which the achievement or the Show leaving characteristic operating states.
  • the free jet centrifuge in an internal combustion engine can, for. B. signals about the Load state of the engine, its oil requirement or the delivery rate of the oil pump in the Pay attention to the lubricating oil circuit.
  • the viscosity of the liquid is also a criterion for the function of the centrifuge to consider.
  • the influence of viscosity on the startup behavior of the centrifuge can be considered in this way.
  • a free jet centrifuge which is suitable for carrying out the described method is claimed according to claim 6.
  • the centrifuge rotor is at least axially fixed a direction, the axial fixing of the rotor for a pressure sensor is used, the axial force of the rotor in the direction of the axial Determination can determine.
  • the measured value determined in this way can be described in the Process wisely.
  • the rotor in the housing is in stored in the axial direction without play.
  • Figure 1 The system described here can be a variant of a monitoring device the function of the centrifuge is also independent of that acting on the rotor Determine the direction of the axial force.
  • the generation of a continuous Measurement signal possible possible, as this is not different from that caused by the inclination of the Noise generated axial force component is dependent but this axial component only have to consider if it arises.
  • the signal is also continuous regarding the measured value. It can thus z. B. the structure of the Filtercakes are tracked, making z. B. a conclusion on oil change intervals is possible.
  • the centrifuge rotor is supported by a ball bearing in the housing. This can withstand the axial forces of the Take up the rotor and pass it on to the pressure sensor. In addition, thereby reducing the friction, whereby higher speeds can be achieved.
  • a speed sensor is on the free jet centrifuge for monitoring appropriate. This is integrated at a suitable point in the housing.
  • Tachometer generator should e.g. B. be provided at one of the bearing points of the rotor, for a fixation in the housing on the one hand and a connection on the other with the rotating rotor.
  • the measurement signal of the speed sensor can be processed in the manner already described.
  • a free jet centrifuge is shown schematically as z. B. for Cleaning lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine is used. The flow direction the fluid is indicated by arrows.
  • the free jet centrifuge 10 has Housing 11, which is equipped with an inlet 12 and an outlet 13 is. The housing does not have to be designed separately. It can be the rotor of the free jet centrifuge just as well built into other structures of the internal combustion engine be such. B. the oil pan.
  • a rotor 14 of the centrifuge is with a central tube 15 stored in a plain bearing 16. The center tube also represents the rotor inlet 17 through which the oil enters the rotor. Drive nozzles 18 serve the Oil as a rotor outlet.
  • This is fixed to the rotor with its outer ring.
  • the inner ring of the Ball bearing 20 is provided with an intermediate piece 21, which with a piezoelectric sensor 22 is connected. This sensor is supported in the housing 11 from. This allows the sensor to absorb the axial force caused by the rotor and sends the corresponding axial force signal f to evaluation electronics 23.
  • An optoelectric sensor 24 is also provided in the housing. This can Generate a speed signal n via a marking 25 on the rotor. This will processed together with a temperature signal t in the evaluation electronics 23.
  • the Temperature signal t comes from a temperature sensor 26 for determining the Oil temperature, which is attached to the inlet 12.
  • the evaluation electronics enters Control signal s off, which can be used to output an error.
  • FIG 2 is the integration of the free jet centrifuge 10 in a lubricating oil circuit 27 of an internal combustion engine 28 is shown.
  • the signals f, t already described run together with a pressure signal p of the lubricating oil, a time signal z and further motor parameters a, b together in a motor control 29.
  • Both Engine parameters can be the speed of the internal combustion engine Air consumption of the internal combustion engine, the speed or delivery rate of the oil pump of the lubricating oil circuit or other parameters.
  • the signals are in the engine control 29 processes it and sends it as a control signal s to the dashboard 30 passed.
  • a pump 31, which is provided in the lubricating oil circuit 27, ensures sufficient supply of the lubrication points (not shown).
  • the Free jet centrifuge 10 is arranged in the bypass flow to an oil filter 32. About one Control valve 33 can regulate the oil supply to the free jet centrifuge.
  • the various measurement signals can be stored as a map in the engine control 29 become. This is the assessment of the proper functioning of the free jet centrifuge possible.
  • relationships between individual measurement signals stored in the control As an example, the relationship between Call up ramp-up time and loading. This creates a certain relationship between z and f.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A method of monitoring the operation of a free jet centrifuge installed in a fluid system, and a free jet centrifuge suitable for installation in such a system. The centrifuge (10) is provided with sensors, such as a piezoelectric sensor (22) and/or a rotational speed sensor (24), which enable determination of the operating parameters of the centrifuge rotor, such as accumulation of separated sediments, bearing wear, or other malfunctions independent of any axial force generated by the centrifuge nozzles (18). Signals are obtained, which can be evaluated by an electronic analysis system (23), and which can output an error signal (f).

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Systems mit einer Freistrahlzentrifuge, und eine Freistrahlzentrifuge mit Überwachungseinrichtungen.The invention relates to a method for monitoring a system with a Free jet centrifuge and a free jet centrifuge with monitoring devices.

Die Merkmale der Oberbegriffe der Ansprüche 1 und 6 sind aus SU-A-1 554 982 bekannt. Freistrahlzentrifugen mit Überwachungseinrichtungen sind z. B. aus der DE 44 03 425 A1 bekannt. Ziel solcher Überwachungseinrichtungen ist es, Fehlfunktionen der Zentrifuge erfassen zu können bzw. den durch die Abscheidung erzeugten Füllungsgrad festzustellen, um eine Aussage über den Zeitpunkt des Austausches des Zentrifugenrotors machen zu können (Spalte 3, Zeile 12 bis 22 des angegebenen Dokuments). Um das angegebene Ziel auf einfache Weise zu erreichen, zeigt Figur 1 des Dokuments einen Zentrifugenrotor, der auf einer Achse gelagert ist und Axialspiel aufweist. Die Düsen 48 sind schräg nach unten ausgerichtet, so dass durch den Betrieb der Zentrifuge eine Axialkraftkomponente entsteht, die den Rotor entgegen der Gewichtskraft gegen einen am oberen Axialanschlag für den Rotor angebrachten Kontaktring drückt. Eine Fehlfunktion wird angezeigt, wenn der Rotor während des Betriebs den Kontaktring verlässt.The features of the preambles of claims 1 and 6 are known from SU-A-1 554 982. Free jet centrifuges with monitoring devices are e.g. B. from DE 44 03 425 A1 known. The aim of such monitoring devices is to prevent malfunctions of the To be able to record the centrifuge or the degree of filling generated by the separation to determine the date of the replacement of the centrifuge rotor to be able to do (column 3, lines 12 to 22 of the specified document). In order to achieve the stated goal in a simple manner, FIG Document a centrifuge rotor, which is mounted on an axis and axial play having. The nozzles 48 are oriented obliquely downwards, so that through the operation the centrifuge creates an axial force component that opposes the rotor Weight force against one attached to the upper axial stop for the rotor Contact ring presses. A malfunction is indicated if the rotor Operating leaves the contact ring.

Durch eine derartige konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Überwachungseinrichtung kann jedoch die Fehlerursache bei Verlassen des Kontaktringes nicht zweifelsfrei festgestellt werden. Ursachen können beispielsweise eine Erhöhung der Gewichtskraft der Zentrifuge durch den sich aufbauenden Filterkuchen, eine Verstopfung der Düsen oder auch eine-Schwergängigkeit der eingesetzten Gleitlager 30, 28 sein. Außerdem wird die Axialkraftkomponente, die durch die Düsenstellung erzeugt wird, durch eine Axialkraft aufgrund des Öldruckes überlagert, welcher sich resultierend daraus ergibt, dass die zu zentrifugierende Flüssigkeit von unten in den Rotor einströmt und diesen auf der Achse hochdrückt. Dadurch kann es bei einem unzulässig hohen Druckanstieg der Flüssigkeit dazu kommen, dass der Rotor trotz Fehlfunktionen gegen den Kontaktring gedrückt wird und dadurch die Kontrolleinrichtung im Hinblick auf ihre Funktion versagt.Such a constructive design of the monitoring device can however, the cause of the error when leaving the contact ring has not been established beyond any doubt become. Causes can include an increase in the weight of the Centrifuge due to the filter cake building up, clogging of the nozzles or a sluggishness of the slide bearings 30, 28 used. Moreover the axial force component, which is generated by the nozzle position, by a Axial force due to the oil pressure, which results from this, that the liquid to be centrifuged flows into the rotor from below and this pushes up on the axle. This can result in an impermissibly high pressure rise of the liquid that the rotor despite malfunctions against the Contact ring is pressed and thereby the control device with regard to their Function fails.

Außerdem ist die beschriebene Kontrolleinrichtung nicht geeignet, wenn der Zentrifugenrotor, wie in der WO 99/54 051 im Gehäuse axial festgelegt ist (vergl. Figur 2). Diese Bauform ermöglicht die Verwendung von Kugellagern, welche zu einem geringen Drehwiderstand des Rotors und zu einer Verringerung des Leckagestroms an den Lagern führt. Jedoch muss auch eine derartige Zentrifugenbauform abhängig vom Einsatzfall überwacht werden.In addition, the control device described is not suitable if the centrifuge rotor, as is axially fixed in the housing in WO 99/54 051 (see FIG. 2). This design enables the use of ball bearings, which lead to a low rotational resistance of the rotor and a reduction in the leakage current leads to the camps. However, such a centrifuge design must also be dependent be monitored by the application.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Überwachung der Funktion einer Freistrahlzentrifuge zu schaffen, welche zuverlässig Fehlfunktionen der Zentrifuge ermitteln. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Ansprüche 1 und 6 gelöst.The object of the invention is therefore, methods and devices for monitoring the function of a free jet centrifuge to create which reliably malfunctions the centrifuge. This object is solved by claims 1 and 6.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist zur Überwachung eines Systems geeignet, welches auf jeden Fall eine Freistrahlzentrifuge und die zu zentrifugierende Flüssigkeit enthält. Das System kann auch weitere Komponenten enthalten. Zum Beispiel kann als System auch die Kombination von Zentrifuge und Flüssigkeitsfilter betrachtet werden, wobei die Zentrifuge im Nebenstrom zur Abscheidung feinster Schwebeteilchen vorgesehen ist. Ein solcher Anwendungsfall ergibt sich z. B. im Kraftfahrzeugbereich zur Reinigung des Schmieröls. The method according to the invention is suitable for monitoring a system which is definitely a free jet centrifuge and the liquid to be centrifuged contains. The system can also contain other components. For example can also be considered as a system the combination of centrifuge and liquid filter be, the centrifuge in the bypass for the separation of the finest suspended particles is provided. Such an application arises, for. B. in the automotive field for cleaning the lubricating oil.

Die Überwachung kann unabhängig von einer Axialkraft erfolgen, die auf den Rotor der Zentrifuge entlang seiner Drehachse wirkt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Überwachung unabhängig von dem Zusammenspiel der die Axialkraft erzeugenden Komponenten erfolgen kann. Fehlfunktionen können also festgestellt werden, ohne die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Zentrifuge wie Lagerverschleiß oder Düsenverschleiß sowie der Verlauf des Druckes der zu zentrifugierenden Flüssigkeit beachtet werden müssen. Insbesondere ist die Ermittlung nicht abhängig vom Betrieb der Zentrifuge, da die durch die Düsen erzeugte Axialkraftkomponente nicht notwendig ist. Über den Füllungsgrad der Zentrifuge und damit deren Gewicht kann z. B. während des Stillstandes der Zentrifuge eine Aussage gemacht werden, wodurch Störgrößen, die das Ergebnis verfälschen könnten, weitgehend ausgeschlossen werden können. Das Überwachungssignal kann an entsprechende Ausgabegeräte weitergegeben werden, die Fehlfunktionen anzeigen. Dies können im Kraftfahrzeugbereich z. B. Kontrollleuchten am Armaturenbrett sein. Es ist aber auch die Auswertung der Messsignale durch die Motorelektronik denkbar.Monitoring can be done independently an axial force is applied to the rotor of the centrifuge along its axis of rotation acts. This has the advantage that the monitoring is independent of the interaction of the components generating the axial force. malfunction can be determined without the mechanical properties of the Centrifuge such as bearing wear or nozzle wear as well as the course of the pressure of the liquid to be centrifuged must be observed. In particular, the Determination does not depend on the operation of the centrifuge, because of the nozzles generated axial force component is not necessary. About the filling level of the centrifuge and thus their weight can, for. B. during the standstill of the centrifuge a statement can be made, causing disturbances that falsify the result could be largely excluded. The monitoring signal can be passed on to corresponding output devices, the malfunctions Show. This can in the automotive field, for. B. Control lights on the dashboard his. But it is also the evaluation of the measurement signals by the engine electronics conceivable.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung erfolgt weiterhin die Überwachung durch einen Drucksensor, der ein Signal abhängig von der auf den Rotor wirkenden Axialkraft erzeugt. Hier kann insbesondere ein piezoelektrischer Sensor eingesetzt werden. Die Messung der Axialkraft ist im Sinne der Erfindung jedoch nicht abhängig von der durch die Düsen erzeugten Axialkraft. Auch in diesem Fall kann z. B. die Axialkraft während des Stillstandes der Zentrifuge ermittelt werden, wodurch die genannten Vorteile erreicht werden. Selbstverständlich kann auch während des Betriebs der Zentrifuge eine Messung erfolgen, wobei eine Axialkraftkomponente der Düsen beachtet werden muss, sofern diese schräg gestellt sind. Es ist jedoch auch eine reine Horizontalwirkung der Düsen denkbar. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Vortrieb der Düsen ausschließlich zum Antrieb der Zentrifuge genutzt werden kann, wodurch höhere Drehzahlen erreicht werden können.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the monitoring continues through a pressure sensor that outputs a signal depending on the one acting on the rotor Axial force generated. In particular, a piezoelectric sensor can be used here become. However, the measurement of the axial force is not dependent on the invention from the axial force generated by the nozzles. In this case, too. B. the Axial force can be determined during standstill of the centrifuge, whereby Advantages are achieved. Of course, it can also be used during operation a measurement is made of the centrifuge, an axial force component of the Nozzles must be observed if they are inclined. However, it is also a purely horizontal effect of the nozzles is conceivable. This has the advantage that the Propulsion of the nozzles can only be used to drive the centrifuge, whereby higher speeds can be achieved.

Selbstverständlich sind auch andere Funktionsprinzipien für den Drucksensor denkbar, z. B. ein Druckkolben, wobei der Flüssigkeitsdruck in dem Kolben proportional zur Axialkraft am Rotor ist. Um während des Betriebs des Rotors möglichst unverfälschte Ergebnisse zu erzielen, kann weiterhin der Druck des zu zentrifugierenden Fluids ermittelt werden. Dies kann z. B. durch Sensoren erfolgen, die ohnehin im System, z. B. der Brennkraftmaschine, vorgesehen sind. Diese Werte werden ohnehin durch die Motorelektronik ausgewertet und können durch die direkt an der Zentrifuge ermittelten Messwerte ergänzt werden. Zusätzlich können auch weitere Sensoren im System genutzt werden, um möglichst genaue Aussagen über den Zustand der Zentrifuge treffen zu können.Of course, other functional principles for the pressure sensor are also conceivable, z. B. a pressure piston, the liquid pressure in the piston being proportional to the axial force on the rotor. In order to maintain as pure as possible during the operation of the rotor To achieve results, the pressure of the centrifuge to be centrifuged can continue Fluids are determined. This can e.g. B. done by sensors that are in anyway System, e.g. B. the internal combustion engine are provided. These values are anyway evaluated by the motor electronics and can be directly connected to the centrifuge determined measured values are supplemented. Additional sensors can also be used used in the system to make the most accurate statements about the condition the centrifuge.

Zur Überwachung der Zentrifuge wird ein Drehzahlsensor, insbesondere ein optoelektrischer Sensor, verwendet. Eine alternative Ausbildung des Sensors wäre z. B. ein Tachogenerator. Mit Hilfe eines Drehzahlsensors kann die Drehzahl des Rotors ermittelt werden. Dieses Messsignal kann als solches ausgewertet werden, wodurch z. B. überwacht werden kann, ob die Zentrifuge ihre Nenndrehzahl erreicht. Unter Zuhilfenahme weiterer Parameter sind zusätzliche Aussagen möglich. Zum Beispiel kann unter Hinzuziehung einer Zeiterfassung das Hochlaufverhalten der Zentrifuge bestimmt werden. Über das Hochlaufverhalten lässt sich indirekt der Aufbau des Filterkuchens im Rotor überwachen, da die zunehmende Trägheit des Rotors zu einer Verlängerung der Hochlaufzeit führt.To monitor the centrifuge a speed sensor, in particular an optoelectric sensor, is used. An alternative embodiment of the sensor would be, for. B. a tachometer generator. With help of a speed sensor, the speed of the rotor can be determined. This measurement signal can be evaluated as such, whereby z. B. can be monitored whether the centrifuge reaches its nominal speed. With the help of further parameters additional statements are possible. For example, using one Time recording the startup behavior of the centrifuge can be determined. About the The structure of the filter cake in the rotor can be started up indirectly monitor as the increasing inertia of the rotor lengthens the Run-up time leads.

Wird das Rotorgewicht parallel auf andere Weise ermittelt, so lässt ein Vergleich der Hochlaufzeit und des Rotorgewichtes zusätzliche Aussagen über Fehlfunktionen der Zentrifuge zu. So könnte eine Erhöhung der Lagerreibung bzw. eine Verstopfung der Düsen erkannt werden, da die Hochlaufzeit ohne eine Gewichtserhöhung des Rotors zunehmen würde. Hierbei kann ebenfalls der anliegende Druck der zu zentrifugierenden Flüssigkeit ausgewertet werden, um die Zuverlässigkeit der Überwachung zu erhöhen.If the rotor weight is determined in parallel in another way, a comparison of the Ramp-up time and the rotor weight additional statements about malfunctions of the Centrifuge too. An increase in bearing friction or a blockage of the Nozzles are recognized since the run-up time without increasing the weight of the rotor would increase. The applied pressure can also be centrifuged Liquid can be evaluated to increase the reliability of the monitoring.

Neben dem Hochlaufverhalten kann auch der Zeitbedarf der Zentrifuge bei einem Wechsel zwischen bestimmten charakteristischen Betriebszuständen ermittelt werden. Hierzu sind zusätzliche Sensoren notwendig, die das Erreichen bzw. das Verlassen charakteristischer Betriebszustände anzeigen. Im Falle der Verwendung der Freistrahlzentrifuge in einer Brennkraftmaschine können z. B. Signale über den Lastzustand des Motors, dessen Ölbedarf oder die Förderleistung der Ölpumpe im Schmierölkreislauf Beachtung finden. In addition to the run-up behavior, the time required for the centrifuge at one Changes between certain characteristic operating states can be determined. For this, additional sensors are necessary, which the achievement or the Show leaving characteristic operating states. In case of use the free jet centrifuge in an internal combustion engine can, for. B. signals about the Load state of the engine, its oil requirement or the delivery rate of the oil pump in the Pay attention to the lubricating oil circuit.

Es ist vorteilhaft, das Verfahren zur Überwachung auch auf die zu zentrifugierende Flüssigkeit selbst anzuwenden. Ein wichtiger Parameter bei der Funktion der Zentrifuge ist die Viskosität dieser Flüssigkeit. So verändert z. B. das Schmieröl einer Brennkraftmaschine in Abhängigkeit von der Betriebstemperatur und der Alterung des Schmieröls die Viskosität. Somit kann die Überwachung der Viskosität in einem solchen Fall zur Erreichung individueller Ölwechselintervalle verwendet werden, wodurch die Intervalle auf ein optimales Maß verlängert werden können. Hierdurch erhöht sich sowohl die Wirtschaftlichkeit im Betrieb als auch die Umweltverträglichkeit der betrachteten Brennkraftmaschine.It is advantageous to also monitor the method to be centrifuged Apply liquid yourself. An important parameter in the functioning of the centrifuge is the viscosity of this liquid. So z. B. the lubricating oil Internal combustion engine depending on the operating temperature and aging the viscosity of the lubricating oil. Thus, the monitoring of the viscosity in one such a case can be used to achieve individual oil change intervals the intervals can be extended to an optimal level. This increases both profitability in operation and environmental compatibility the engine under consideration.

Die Viskosität der Flüssigkeit ist aber auch als Kriterium für die Funktion der Zentrifuge zu beachten. Der Einfluss der Viskosität auf das Hochlaufverhalten der Zentrifuge kann auf diese Weise mit beachtet werden.The viscosity of the liquid is also a criterion for the function of the centrifuge to consider. The influence of viscosity on the startup behavior of the centrifuge can be considered in this way.

Eine Freistrahlzentrifuge, welche geeignet ist, das beschriebene Verfahren durchzuführen, ist gemäß Anspruch 6 beansprucht. Der Rotor der Zentrifuge ist in mindestens eine Richtung axial festgelegt, wobei die axiale Festlegung des Rotors für einen Drucksensor genutzt wird, der die Axialkraft des Rotors in Richtung der axialen Festlegung ermitteln kann. Der so ermittelte Messwert lässt sich in der bereits beschriebenen Weise verarbeiten.A free jet centrifuge which is suitable for carrying out the described method is claimed according to claim 6. The centrifuge rotor is at least axially fixed a direction, the axial fixing of the rotor for a pressure sensor is used, the axial force of the rotor in the direction of the axial Determination can determine. The measured value determined in this way can be described in the Process wisely.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Rotor im Gehäuse in axialer Richtung spielfrei gelagert. Dadurch entsteht eine axiale Festlegung in beide Richtungen, so dass der Druckaufnehmer auch axiale Kraftkomponenten in beide Richtungen aufnehmen kann. Dieses ist von Vorteil, da im Stillstand des Rotors eine Axialkraft nach unten wirkt und beim Betrieb des Rotors auch Axialkräfte nach oben auftreten können. Diese werden erzeugt durch eine eventuelle Schrägstellung der Antriebsdüsen des Rotors nach unten und durch den an den Innenwänden des Rotors wirkenden resultierenden Öldruck. Abhängig von der Beladung des Rotors durch den Filterkuchen kann die Axialkraft auch im Betrieb des Rotors nach unten wirken. Im Vergleich zu der in der DE 44 03 425 A1, Figur 1, dargestellten konstruktiven Variante einer Überwachungseinrichtung kann das hier beschriebene System die Funktion der Zentrifuge also auch unabhängig von der auf den Rotor wirkenden Axialkraftrichtung ermitteln. Insbesondere ist auch die Erzeugung eines kontinuierlichen Messsignals möglich, da dieses nicht von der durch die Schrägstellung der Düsen erzeugten Axialkraftkomponente abhängig ist sondern diese Axialkomponente lediglich beachten muss, sofern sie entsteht. Außerdem ist das Signal auch kontinuierlich hinsichtlich des gemessenen Wertes. Es kann somit z. B. der Aufbau des Filterkuchens verfolgt werden, wodurch z. B. ein Rückschluss auf Ölwechselintenvalle möglich ist.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rotor in the housing is in stored in the axial direction without play. This creates an axial fixation in both Directions so that the pressure transducer also has axial force components in both Can take directions. This is an advantage because one is at a standstill of the rotor Axial force acts downwards and when the rotor is operated, axial forces also act upwards may occur. These are generated by a possible inclination of the Drive nozzles of the rotor down and through the on the inner walls of the Resulting rotor oil pressure. Depending on the load on the rotor Due to the filter cake, the axial force can also go down when the rotor is in operation Act. In comparison to the constructive shown in DE 44 03 425 A1, Figure 1 The system described here can be a variant of a monitoring device the function of the centrifuge is also independent of that acting on the rotor Determine the direction of the axial force. In particular, the generation of a continuous Measurement signal possible, as this is not different from that caused by the inclination of the Noise generated axial force component is dependent but this axial component only have to consider if it arises. The signal is also continuous regarding the measured value. It can thus z. B. the structure of the Filtercakes are tracked, making z. B. a conclusion on oil change intervals is possible.

Gemäß einer besonders günstigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Zentrifugenrotor im Gehäuse durch ein Kugellager gelagert. Dieses vermag die Axialkräfte des Rotors aufzunehmen und an den Drucksensor weiter zu geben. Außerdem lässt sich hierdurch die Reibung vermindern, wodurch höhere Drehzahlen erreicht werden können.According to a particularly favorable embodiment of the invention, the centrifuge rotor is supported by a ball bearing in the housing. This can withstand the axial forces of the Take up the rotor and pass it on to the pressure sensor. In addition, thereby reducing the friction, whereby higher speeds can be achieved.

Ein Drehzahlsensor ist an der Freistrahlzentrifuge zur Überwachung angebracht. Dieser wird an geeigneter Stelle im Gehäuse integriert. Ein Tachogenerator müsste z. B. an einer der Lagerstellen des Rotors vorgesehen werden, um einerseits eine Festlegung im Gehäuse und andererseits eine Verbindung mit dem sich drehenden Rotor herzustellen. Das Messsignal des Drehzahfsensors kann in der bereits beschriebenen Weise verarbeitet werden.A speed sensor is on the free jet centrifuge for monitoring appropriate. This is integrated at a suitable point in the housing. On Tachometer generator should e.g. B. be provided at one of the bearing points of the rotor, for a fixation in the housing on the one hand and a connection on the other with the rotating rotor. The measurement signal of the speed sensor can be processed in the manner already described.

Diese und weitere Merkmale von bevorzugten Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen außer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen hervor.These and other features of preferred developments of the invention go in addition to the claims and the description and drawings.

Zeichnungdrawing

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden in den Zeichnungen anhand von schematischen Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Hierbei zeigen

Figur 1
den schematischen Aufbau einer Freistrahlzentrifuge im Schnitt, an der ein Druckaufnehmer und ein Drehzahlsensor angebracht sind, und
Figur 2
die Anordnung einer Freistrahlzentrifuge im Schmierölkreislauf einer Brennkraftmaschine als Blockschaltbild.
Further details of the invention are described in the drawings using schematic exemplary embodiments. Show here
Figure 1
the schematic structure of a free jet centrifuge in section, on which a pressure sensor and a speed sensor are attached, and
Figure 2
the arrangement of a free jet centrifuge in the lubricating oil circuit of an internal combustion engine as a block diagram.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In Figur 1 ist eine Freistrahlzentrifuge schematisch dargestellt, wie sie z. B. zur Reinigung von Schmieröl einer Brennkraftmaschine zum Einsatz kommt. Die Flussrichtung des Fluids ist durch Pfeile angedeutet. Die Freistrahlzentrifuge 10 weist ein Gehäuse 11 auf, welches mit einem Einlass 12 und einem Auslass 13 ausgestattet ist. Das Gehäuse muss nicht gesondert ausgeführt sein. Es kann der Rotor der Freistrahlzentrifuge genau so gut in weitere Strukturen der Brennkraftmaschine eingebaut werden, wie z. B. die Ölwanne. Ein Rotor 14 der Zentrifuge ist mit einem Mittelrohr 15 in einer Gleitlagerung 16 gelagert. Das Mittelrohr stellt gleichzeitig den Rotoreintritt 17 dar, durch den das Öl in den Rotor gelangt. Antriebsdüsen 18 dienen dem Öl als Rotoraustritt.In Figure 1, a free jet centrifuge is shown schematically as z. B. for Cleaning lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine is used. The flow direction the fluid is indicated by arrows. The free jet centrifuge 10 has Housing 11, which is equipped with an inlet 12 and an outlet 13 is. The housing does not have to be designed separately. It can be the rotor of the free jet centrifuge just as well built into other structures of the internal combustion engine be such. B. the oil pan. A rotor 14 of the centrifuge is with a central tube 15 stored in a plain bearing 16. The center tube also represents the rotor inlet 17 through which the oil enters the rotor. Drive nozzles 18 serve the Oil as a rotor outlet.

An der Außenseite des Rotors ist eine Lageraufnahme 19 für ein Kugellager 20 vorgesehen. Dieses wird mit seinem Außenring am Rotor fixiert. Der Innenring des Kugellagers 20 wird mit einem Zwischenstück 21 versehen, welches mit einem piezoelektrischen Sensor 22 verbunden ist. Dieser Sensor stützt sich im Gehäuse 11 ab. Dadurch kann der Sensor die durch den Rotor bewirkte Axialkraft aufnehmen und sendet das entsprechende Axialkraftsignal f an eine Auswertelektronik 23.On the outside of the rotor is a bearing seat 19 for a ball bearing 20 intended. This is fixed to the rotor with its outer ring. The inner ring of the Ball bearing 20 is provided with an intermediate piece 21, which with a piezoelectric sensor 22 is connected. This sensor is supported in the housing 11 from. This allows the sensor to absorb the axial force caused by the rotor and sends the corresponding axial force signal f to evaluation electronics 23.

Im Gehäuse ist weiterhin ein optoelektrischer Sensor 24 vorgesehen. Dieser kann über eine Markierung 25 am Rotor ein Drehzahlsignal n erzeugen. Dieses wird zusammen mit einem Temperatursignal t in der Auswertelektronik 23 verarbeitet. Das Temperatursignal t stammt von einem Temperatursensor 26 zur Ermittlung der Öltemperatur, welcher am Einlass 12 befestigt ist. Die Auswertelektronik gibt ein Kontrollsignal s aus, welches zur Ausgabe eines Fehlers benutzt werden kann.An optoelectric sensor 24 is also provided in the housing. This can Generate a speed signal n via a marking 25 on the rotor. This will processed together with a temperature signal t in the evaluation electronics 23. The Temperature signal t comes from a temperature sensor 26 for determining the Oil temperature, which is attached to the inlet 12. The evaluation electronics enters Control signal s off, which can be used to output an error.

In Figur 2 ist die Einbindung der Freistrahlzentrifuge 10 in einen Schmierölkreislauf 27 einer Brennkraftmaschine 28 dargestellt. Die bereits beschriebenen Signale f, t laufen zusammen mit einem Drucksignal p des Schmieröls, einem Zeitsignal z und weiteren Motorparametern a, b in einer Motorsteuerung 29 zusammen. Bei den Motorparametern kann es sich um die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, den Luftbedarf der Brennkraftmaschine, die Drehzahl bzw. Förderleistung der Ölpumpe des Schmierölkreislaufes oder sonstige Parameter handeln. Die Signale werden in der Motorsteuerung 29 verarbeitet und als Steuersignal s an das Armaturenbrett 30 weitergegeben. Eine Pumpe 31, die im Schmierölkreislauf 27 vorgesehen ist, gewährleistet eine genügende Versorgung der Schmierstellen (nicht dargestellt). Die Freistrahlzentrifuge 10 ist im Nebenstrom zu einem Ölfilter 32 angeordnet. Über ein Steuerventil 33 lässt sich die Ölzufuhr zur Freistrahlzentrifuge regulieren.In Figure 2 is the integration of the free jet centrifuge 10 in a lubricating oil circuit 27 of an internal combustion engine 28 is shown. The signals f, t already described run together with a pressure signal p of the lubricating oil, a time signal z and further motor parameters a, b together in a motor control 29. Both Engine parameters can be the speed of the internal combustion engine Air consumption of the internal combustion engine, the speed or delivery rate of the oil pump of the lubricating oil circuit or other parameters. The signals are in the engine control 29 processes it and sends it as a control signal s to the dashboard 30 passed. A pump 31, which is provided in the lubricating oil circuit 27, ensures sufficient supply of the lubrication points (not shown). The Free jet centrifuge 10 is arranged in the bypass flow to an oil filter 32. About one Control valve 33 can regulate the oil supply to the free jet centrifuge.

Die verschiedenen Messsignale können als Kennfeld in der Motorsteuerung 29 hinterlegt werden. Dadurch ist die Beurteilung einer einwandfreien Funktion der Freistrahlzentrifuge möglich. Zusätzlich können Beziehungen zwischen einzelnen Messsignalen in der Steuerung abgelegt werden. Als Beispiel ist die Beziehung zwischen Hochlaufzeit und Beladung zu nennen. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine bestimmte Beziehung zwischen z und f.The various measurement signals can be stored as a map in the engine control 29 become. This is the assessment of the proper functioning of the free jet centrifuge possible. In addition, relationships between individual measurement signals stored in the control. As an example, the relationship between Call up ramp-up time and loading. This creates a certain relationship between z and f.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for monitoring a system, containing a free jet centrifuge (10) with a rotor (14), which is provided with at least one driving nozzle (18), and a fluid to be centrifuged, more especially an oil centrifuge in the lubricating oil circuit of an internal combustion engine, wherein the monitoring can be effected independently of an axial force, which works in the direction of an axis of rotation of the rotor and is generated by the at least one driving nozzle (18), wherein the signal of a speed sensor, more especially of an optoelectric sensor (24), is processed for monitoring purposes, with the assistance of which sensor the speed of the rotor can be determined, characterised in that, in addition, a time measurement is effected for monitoring purposes, by means of which the acceleration behaviour of the centrifuge can be detected,
  2. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the time measurement determines the time requirement of the centrifuge when said centrifuge changes between two characteristic operating conditions, the characteristic operating conditions being determined by other sensors.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, in addition, the signal of a pressure sensor, more especially of a piezoelectric sensor (22), is processed for monitoring purposes, with the assistance of which sensor the axial force working on the rotor (14) can be determined independently of the operating conditions of the centrifuge.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one sensor, which assumes at least one other function externally of the system to be monitored, is used for monitoring the centrifuge.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the determined measured values are used in addition to the monitoring of the viscosity of the fluid to be centrifuged.
  6. Free jet centrifuge (10) with a rotor (14), which is provided with at least one driving nozzle (18) and one housing (11), in which the rotor is rotatably mounted and is axially secured at least in one direction, wherein a speed sensor, more especially an optoelectric sensor (24), is provided in the housing for determining the speed of the rotor, characterised in that the speed is coupled to a time signal for evaluation purposes.
  7. Free jet centrifuge according to claim 6, characterised in that a pressure sensor, more especially a piezoelectric sensor (22), is disposed in the axial securing of the rotor in such a manner that it is exposed to the axial force of the rotor.
  8. Free jet centrifuge according to claim 7, characterised in that the rotor (14) is mounted in the housing (11) without play in the axial direction.
  9. Free jet centrifuge according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the centrifuge rotor 8 is mounted in the housing by means of a ball bearing,
  10. Free jet centrifuge according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterised in that all sensors necessary for monitoring purposes communicate with an evaluation electronics system (23).
EP01938031A 2000-04-05 2001-03-22 Open jet centrifuge with monitoring means, and method for monitoring the same Expired - Lifetime EP1268075B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10016876 2000-04-05
DE10016876A DE10016876A1 (en) 2000-04-05 2000-04-05 Open jet centrifuge with monitoring means and method for monitoring them
PCT/EP2001/003293 WO2001076760A1 (en) 2000-04-05 2001-03-22 Open jet centrifuge with monitoring means, and method for monitoring the same

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EP1268075B1 true EP1268075B1 (en) 2004-11-24

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EP (1) EP1268075B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE283114T1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2001076760A1 (en)

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DE10016876A1 (en) 2001-10-18
EP1268075A1 (en) 2003-01-02
WO2001076760A1 (en) 2001-10-18
ATE283114T1 (en) 2004-12-15
DE50104606D1 (en) 2004-12-30
US20030078152A1 (en) 2003-04-24

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