EP1254070B1

EP1254070B1 - Method for installing elevators

Info

Publication number: EP1254070B1
Application number: EP00985778A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Domenico Otis S.p.A. CRIVELLARO; Donato Otis S.p.A. IRIDE; Leonida Otis S.p.A. LORQUANDO
Original assignee: Otis SpA
Current assignee: Otis SpA
Priority date: 1999-12-06
Filing date: 2000-12-06
Publication date: 2004-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 2020-12-06
Also published as: ITRM990744A1; DE60009567D1; IT1308029B1; ATE263113T1; WO2001044096A1; EP1254070A1; AU2219901A; ITRM990744A0

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for installing elevators, comprising the phases of: providing a suitable template that can be directly installed from footpace of the upper floor to lower the plumbs; fixing the bottom template; fixing the first bay of four guides and the first bracket group; fixing the cabin armature with the relevant safety blocks, installing the cabin floor and the second bracket group; mounting the cabin exploiting its roof as working plane; installing an auxiliary parachute apparatus; fixing the third group of anchorages and the connecting plates for the second guide bays; positioning the new lifting support beam between the two anchorages; fixing the following anchorages group and lifting the following second guide bay; lifting again the support beam of the lifting device, so that the cabin can be again lifted, and so on, until terminating the mounting the last guide bay.

Description

The Invention relates to a method for installing elevators, comprising the following steps:

providing a template that can be directly installed from the landing of the upper floor to lower the plumbing spider;
fixing a bottom ditch template;
fixing the first set of four guides and the first bracket group;
fixing a carframe with the relevant safety blocks;
fixing the device for the following motion of the carframe
installing the car floor to the carframe and the second bracket group;
mounting the car exploiting its roof as working plane, after having fixed the balustrade;
installing an auxiliary safety gear apparatus, provided with control mechanism;
connecting the control lever of the safety gear apparatus of the elevator with said control device, by a rope;
fixing the third group of brackets and the connecting plates for the second guide sets;
positioning the lifting support beam between on the third set of, in such a way to be able to move the car, lifting the same up to reaching said third bracket group;
fixing the following bracket group and lifting the following second guide set, fixing the same after having been plumbed;
lifting again the support beam of the lifting device, positioning the same on the bracket group just installed, so that the car can be again lifted, and repeating the steps necessary for mounting further sets of elevator guides until terminating the mounting of the last guide set; and
put under traction the elevator by the traction ropes.

Closest prior art is seen in EP-A-0 464 312 which discloses a method for mounting rails which guide an elevator in a hoist way, a truncated car being used as a working platform for mounting and aligning the rails one above the other. The truncated car however is lifted by a hydraulic cylinder.
More specifically, the invention relates to an innovative method for installing both oleo-dynamic and electric elevators.
Therefore, in the following specification, it will be made specific reference to the installation of electric elevators, but it must not be used in a limitative way for the invention, since the inventive method could be used also for oleo-dynamic elevators without the need of substantial modifications.
As it is well known, at present, for the installation of elevators it adopted a technique providing the preparation of a scaffold, within the elevator stroke opening, before starting the mounting process.
Otherwise, in particular cases, it is provided the use of scaffold fixed to the landings of the building, always used on adjacent planes that substantially simulate the above mentioned scaffold.
The above method involves different drawbacks, among which the fact that the mounting activity within the opening must be interrupted after having placed the guides and having mounted the plane doors, to wait that the building yard operators provide the dismounting of the same scaffold.
It involves a waste of time during the installation, with the consequent increase of costs.
In view of the above, it is suggested according to the present invention a method, the basic solution of which provides of carrying out the mounting of the elevator without using any scaffold, nor any hook from the ceiling of the opening, the latter not needing any more to be a supporting structure, being employed new, suitably created, devices to maintain unmodified the safety during the installation procedure.
It is well evident that the fact of not being obliged to break down the mounting activity within the opening after having placed the guides, to wait that the building yard operators dismount the scaffold, is a remarkable advantage, both for the reduction of the risks involved with the activity of not specialist personnel within the stroke opening, this place being greatly subjected to dangers of falling down for persons and objects, and for the reduction of the installation time.
Furthermore, the solution suggested according to the present invention has the advantage of not requiring the use of hooks from the ceiling of the opening, so that a reduction of the risks during the working activity is obtained, as well as a reduction of the costs for the client.
Preferably, according to the invention, said guides can have a standard length of 5 meters, the anchorages being fixed at a distance of 166 cm each other.
In case of elevators requiring fixing points at a lower distance, according to the invention is possible employing further brackets.
Always according to the invention, said device for moving the arcade can be of the manual, electric or hydraulic kind.
Still according to the invention, said auxiliary safety gear apparatus is realised in such a way to allow the upward motion of the car without requiring any action by the technician.
According to an embodiment of the method of the invention, said auxiliary safety gear apparatus can be comprised of a pair of teeth able to rest, in case of malfunctioning of the safety gear apparatus of the elevator, on the fixing brackets of the car guides.
Particularly, said teeth must be suitably sized to support the weight, during the motion, of arcade, car, materials to be lifted and operators.
Still according to the invention, said car is hooked to the new support beam, exploiting a traction hydraulic device or other device.
According to the invention, the auxiliary safety gear has the function of second safety device only for the period during which the lifting apparatus is disconnected from the arcade to position it again on the upper bracket group just installed.
The present invention will be now described, for illustrative but not limitative purposes, according to its preferred embodiments, with particular reference to the figures of the enclosed drawings, wherein:

figure 1 is a first lateral view of support guides used with the method according to the invention;
figure 2 is a second lateral view of support guides used with the method according to the invention;
figure 3 is a top view of a first template used with the method according to the invention;
figure 4 is a top view of a second template used with the method according to the invention;
figure 5 shows a particular of the template of figure 4;
figures 6 and 7 show lateral views of some steps of the installation method according to the invention;
figure 9 is a top view of the auxiliary safety gear apparatus of figure 8;
figure 10 is a further lateral view of an auxiliary safety gear apparatus;
figure 11 is a top view of the auxiliary safety gear apparatus of figure 10;
figure 12 is a lateral view of a safety bearing;
figure 13 is a top view of the safety rest of figure 12;
figure 14 is a lateral view of the fixing of the adjustment arm;
figure 15 is a top view of the fixing of the adjustment arm of figure 14;
figure 16 is a top view of a coupling beam of the safety bearing;
figure 17 is a lateral view of the coupling beam of the safety bearing of figure 16;
figure 18 is a lateral view of mounting fixture, provided with a hydraulic piston; and
figures 19, 20, 21 and 22 are lateral views of some steps of the installation according to the invention.

In the following, it will be described a method according to the invention, making specific reference to a king of elevator, but it is well evident that the method as provided by the invention must be considered in a general sense, which is defined by the enclosed claims.
Taking first into consideration the technical aspects on which the method of the embodiment shown in the figures is based, it is used a new kind of lightening, an "unwinding" lightening system, from the upper floor, to lighten the stroke opening, which is not a specific object of the present invention, and therefore is not shown in the figures and is not described in greater detail.
For the mounting, (standard) guides, having length from 1 to 5 meters, are employed, with wall fixing brackets 2, placed, for example in the solution of figures 1 and 2, at a distance of 166 cm each other, except for the first lower fixing at a distance of 143 cm from the ditch floor.
However, for elevators requiring fixing at lower measures, it is always possible to use a further bracket, in case the offsetting of the brackets brings to a situation for which no bracket is provided close to the coupling plate of the guides 1.
To lower plumbing spider 3, 4, not being available the scaffold, it is provided a suitable template 5 that can be directly installed from the landing of the upper floor, as illustrated in figures 3, 4 and 5.
While executing the mounting according to the invention, they are fixed, in the following order, ditch bottom template, the first set of four guides 1 and the first bracket 2 group, the car carframe 6 (arcade) with the relevant safety blocks and the device for the following motion of the arcade that can indifferently be manual, electric or hydraulic (see figures 6 and 7).
Afterwards, it is installed the car plane 8 and the second bracket group 2. Then (instead of at the end of the mounting), it is immediately mounted the car 9, except for the wall corresponding to the guide 1 side, since the roof of the car 9, after having fixed the balustrade 10, ca be used as working plane, as well shown in figure 7.
Going on, it is installed an auxiliary safety gear apparatus 11 (see particularly figures 8 and 9) comprised of a pair of teeth 12, that must be able to rest, in case of malfunctioning of the safety gear of the elevator (not shown), on the fixing brackets 2 of the guides 1 of the car 9.
Said teeth 12 must be suitably dimensioned to support the weight, during the motion, of arcade 6, car 9, materials to be lifted and workers.
As it can be noted from the figures, the teeth 12 of the auxiliary safety gear apparatus 11 are always in a potentially power takeoff position, since they work under gravity.
The teeth and the control lever of the standard auxiliary safety gear apparatus of the elevator are operated, in such a way not to be anymore in a power takeoff condition by two pulling ropes 13, one of which allowing the return of the two teeth, and the other one unlocking the two safety gear devices (one for each guide 1).
The above pulling device can be indifferently a pedal or manual control device.
The auxiliary safety gear apparatus 11 is designed in such a way to allow the upward of the car 9, without any need of an action by the technician, thanks to a spring and counterweights system, that an be seen from figure 9, the same that, when the car 9 is stopped, automatically blocks, under the only gravity effect, every downward movement, while allowing the upward motion when the back of the teeth 12 meets, ascending, the upper brackets 2.
Furthermore, the auxiliary apparatus 11 allows the lowering only by the action of the technician, acting on the manual or pedal control, so allowing the unlocking of the safety gear and at the same time the lifting of the teeth 12 of the auxiliary safety gear 11.
Further, the control lever of the standard safety gear apparatus of the elevator is connected, by a further rope, to the same control device.; acting on the control, it will be at the same time possible both the unlocking of the safety gear and of the auxiliary safety gear 11.
Afterwards, in the method according to the invention, as shown in figures 16 and 17, the third group of anchorages and the coupling plates are fixed, for the second guide 1 set, and it is positioned the new lifting support beam 13 between the two anchorages, hooking a traction hydraulic device 14, shown in figure 18, or any other device acting in this way.
Now, car 9 can be mounted lifting the same up to reaching the anchorages group.
As already mentioned, the auxiliary safety gear 11 has the function of a second safety device, only for the period during which the arcade 6 lifting apparatus is disconnected, to position the same on the just installed upper bracket group 2.
During this period, in case of malfunctioning of the elevator safety gear apparatus, the auxiliary safety gear 11 allows the descent of the car 9 only for the few centimetres separating the same from the anchorage bracket 2 of the just below guides 1.
After the motion of the arcade 6, it is possible fixing the following anchorages group and lifting the second guide 1 set, fixing them after having been plumbed. These operations can be seen from figures 19 and 20, as well as in the following figures 21 and 22.
The support beam 13 of the lifting device can be again lifted and positioned on the just installed anchorages group 2, and car 9 can be lifted, and so on, until ending the mounting of the last guide set.
As it is well evident, each possible lowering is realised actuating by the manual or pedal control, allowing the contemporaneous unlocking of the safety gear and of the auxiliary safety gear 11, and the consequent actuation of the actuating device in the opposite direction.
Once the elevator has been put under traction, by the traction ropes, going on with the mounting according the standard methods.
The present invention has been described for illustrative but not limitative purposes, according to its preferred embodiments, but it is to be understood that modifications and/or changes can be introduced by those skilled in the art without departing from the relevant scope as defined in the enclosed claims.

Claims

Method for installing an elevator in a host way, characterised in that it comprises the following steps :
- providing a template that can be directly installed from the landing of the upper floor to lower plumbing spider;

- positioning a bottom ditch template;

- fixing a first set of four guides (1) and first bracket group (2), to the hoistway.

- fixing a carframe with the relevant safety blocks between the first set of four guides (1) and the first bracket group (2);

- fixing a motion device for the following motion of the carframe

- installing a car floor to the carframe and a second bracket group fixed to the four guides (1);

- mounting the car, exploiting its roof as working plane, after having fixed safety balustrade on the same roof;

- installing an auxiliary safety gear apparatus (11) for the elevator, provided with a control mechanism;

- connecting a control lever of a safety gear apparatus of the elevator with said control device, by a rope;

- fixing a third group of brackets (2) and connecting plates for the second guide (1) sets;

- positioning a lifting support beam (13) onto the third set of brackets (2), in such a way to be able to move the car (9), lifting the same up to reaching said third brackets group;

- fixing a following bracket group and lifting a following second guide (1) set, fixing the same after having been plumbed;

- lifting again the support beam (13) of the lifting device, positioning the same on the bracket group just installed, so that the car (9) can be again lifted, and repeating the steps necessary for mounting further sets of elevator guides until terminating the mounting of the last guide (1) set; and

- put under traction the elevator by traction ropes,
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said guides have a standard length of 5 meters, the anchorages being fixed at a distance of 166 cm each other.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in case of elevators requiring fixing points at a lower distance, it is possible to employ further brackets.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said device for moving the carframe is of the manual, electric or hydraulic kind.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said auxiliary safety gear apparatus is connected by a rope to a pedal or manual control device.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said auxiliary safety gear apparatus is realised in such a way to allow the upward motion of the car without requiring any action by the technician.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said auxiliary safety gear apparatus is comprised of a pair of teeth able to rest, in case of malfunctioning of the safety gear apparatus of the elevator, on the fixing brackets of the car guides.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said teeth are suitably sized to support the weight, during the motion, of arcade, car, materials to be lifted and operators.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said car is hooked to the new support beam, exploiting a traction hydraulic device or other device.
Method for installing elevators according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the auxiliary safety gear has the function of second safety device only for the period during which the lifting apparatus is disconnected from the arcade to position it again on the upper bracket group just installed.