EP1252389A1 - Security paper - Google Patents

Security paper

Info

Publication number
EP1252389A1
EP1252389A1 EP01904025A EP01904025A EP1252389A1 EP 1252389 A1 EP1252389 A1 EP 1252389A1 EP 01904025 A EP01904025 A EP 01904025A EP 01904025 A EP01904025 A EP 01904025A EP 1252389 A1 EP1252389 A1 EP 1252389A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper
cells
masks
canvas
security zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01904025A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1252389B2 (en
EP1252389B1 (en
Inventor
Stéphane Mallol
Yvan Thierry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArjoWiggins Security SAS
Original Assignee
ArjoWiggins SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8846533&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1252389(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by ArjoWiggins SAS filed Critical ArjoWiggins SAS
Publication of EP1252389A1 publication Critical patent/EP1252389A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1252389B1 publication Critical patent/EP1252389B1/en
Publication of EP1252389B2 publication Critical patent/EP1252389B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/44—Watermarking devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/916—Fraud or tamper detecting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a security paper comprising a security zone, a method for producing such a paper and a device for implementing this method.
  • the weakened area is designed so that any mechanical attack on its surface causes irreversible damage, such as piercing the paper or fluffing of its surface, preventing any modification of the information written on said weakened area.
  • One of the known methods for producing a weakened area is to operate an abrasion or a half-cut of the area, after the manufacture of the sheet of paper, as proposed in document EP-A-0 543 528.
  • Another known method is to simultaneously form two layers of paper by the twin-jet technique, one of the layers being provided with a window, the other not.
  • the two assembled layers provide a sheet of paper provided with a window of reduced thickness and great brittleness.
  • the sheet produced in twin-jet has the drawback that its weakened zone must be sufficiently fragile to fulfill its function as a safety zone, but must nevertheless be able to withstand the manipulations involved in the industrial manufacture of the sheet. The paper manufacturer must therefore find the best compromise between these two requirements.
  • the present invention aims to provide security paper comprising a security zone, which is simple and economical to produce.
  • the present invention thus relates to a security paper comprising a security zone ensuring protection against mechanical falsification, characterized in that said security zone comprises a set of cells formed hollow in the paper, possibly connected by recessed connection portions, the thickness of the paper being uniform throughout its surface complementary to the cells and to the connection portions in the security zone.
  • the security zone is certainly slightly weakened compared to the rest of the paper, but sufficiently little so as not to call into question the solidity of the paper.
  • the parts of the paper located between the cells constitute a reinforcement for the safety zone, so that even if it extends over a large area, this reinforcement provides it with sufficient solidity.
  • the security zone can thus occupy a large part of the sheet, or even its entire surface.
  • the role of the cells is not only to weaken the paper, but also to form traps for the ink embodying the information carried on the security zone.
  • the ink becomes difficult to reach, whether by scraping or scrubbing.
  • the invention also responds to the already exposed problem of falsification by cutting the security zone in the thickness of the paper.
  • the security zone always includes, at the bottom of its cells, the ink deposited for the registration of the security information.
  • the cells can be distributed according to a network.
  • the safety zone can include between 1 and 20, preferably between 2 and 10, cells per cm 2 .
  • the area occupied by the cells and any connecting portions corresponds to at least 50% of the total area of the security zone.
  • the depth of the cells is for example from 50 to 90%, and preferably from 70 to 80%, of the maximum thickness of the paper around the cells, in the security zone.
  • the paper obtained thanks to the invention has the advantage of being able to be devoid of projecting parts, such as embossing or embossing, which is particularly advantageous for printing operations, both on the security zone and on the rest of its surface.
  • each cell locally gives the paper a surface mass of fibrous composition less than that of the paper around the cell.
  • Each cell can thus be more transparent than its immediate vicinity, in the absence of ink.
  • the cells and the possible connecting portions constitute on the paper, observed in light transmitted before printing, light areas, the latter being delimited by dark areas.
  • the light areas and the dark areas advantageously define a raster image.
  • this raster image has halftone dots formed by lines.
  • the light areas are not separate, which allows the watermark to be produced by means of a perforated monobloc grid, as will be explained below.
  • the sheets of paper can be treated without the need to provide shims to compensate for local excess thicknesses.
  • the paper according to the invention is particularly simple to manufacture, thanks to the process, which is also the subject of the present invention, which is characterized by the fact that it comprises the step consisting in providing a canvas used during the wet phase of paper formation of a set of masks capable of creating, in a zone of the paper located at the level of the masks at the time of the formation of the paper, a set of cells formed in the thickness of the paper.
  • the present invention also relates to a canvas used during the wet phase of papermaking, which is characterized by the fact that it is provided with a set of masks which creates, in an area of the paper lying in line with the masks at the time of paper formation, a set of cells formed in the thickness of the paper.
  • the above-mentioned set of masks makes it possible to obtain a recessed relief on an area of the paper constituting the security area.
  • This relief is formed in the paper because the masks which are present on the canvas limit the accumulation of cellulosic, synthetic or mineral fibers of the aqueous suspension used for the manufacture of the paper.
  • the corresponding parts of the paper constitute the cells and the rest of the paper, in particular the regions formed between the masks of the network, has a thickness substantially equal to that of a paper devoid of cells.
  • the canvas in question constitutes the paper-forming canvas.
  • the canvas in question is used for lifting the formed sheet.
  • the canvas in question is fixed to a wet press which works the sheet still wet after lifting.
  • the canvas in question is fixed to a watermark roll.
  • the canvas in question is fixed to a grain element located outside the zone of formation of the sheet.
  • the canvas can, for example, be on a round-shaped paper machine or on a flat table paper machine.
  • the set of masks can be on the internal face of the fabric, in its thickness or on the external face of the fabric, several fabrics being able to be associated.
  • the network of masks is located on one of the faces of the canvas rather than in its thickness.
  • the invention also relates to a stack of fabrics, at least one of which is a fabric as described above.
  • the set of masks is constituted by a monobloc grid, coming from a thin plate, in which openings, for example hexagonal, have been produced and arranged in a regular network.
  • the parts of the grid remaining between the holes constitute the masks of the network.
  • the density of the holes is determined by a person skilled in the art as a function of the grammage of the paper and of its composition. We will try to establish an advantageous compromise between the desire to obtain a maximum surface area of cells and the need to maintain the framework of the safety zone, thanks to the framework formed by the parts of the O 01/57312 (,
  • the set of masks is constituted by a juxtaposition of small parts individually fixed to the canvas.
  • the masks are at least partly shaped into a particular pattern intended to personalize the sheet of paper, by creating in the thickness of the latter recesses taking up the pattern of the masks.
  • each pattern can form a letter or a set of letters possibly characteristic of the issuer of the security document established from the sheet according to the invention.
  • the set of masks whether or not constituted by a grid, forms in itself a particular pattern, by means of an arrangement of its masks or by a local modification of the shape or of the size of the masks in certain places on the network.
  • All the masks can be obtained from a raster image, and restore nuances of tones on paper by a juxtaposition of light and dark areas.
  • Such a raster image advantageously comprises raster dots in the form of a line, these lines having a variable width over their length, possibly zero in places, the lines being further arranged so that there is no portion of totally isolated line; a grid can be easily produced by photoengraving from such an image, the openings of this grid corresponding to the dark areas of the watermark.
  • FIG. 1 very schematically represents a security paper such as a bank note, comprising a security zone in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial and schematic section along the section line ⁇ -_3 in FIG. 1, - FIG. 3 represents a network of masks according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 represents a detail of FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a section along the section line N-N of Figure 4, and Figure 6 shows, schematically, in section, a canvas provided with a network of masks according to the invention.
  • a security document 1 such as a bank note, made from cellulosic fibers and having a security zone 2 shown schematically by a rectangle in broken lines.
  • the security zone 2 can have any size and can extend, for example, over the entire surface of the document or over only part of the document, as is the case in the example described.
  • the security zone 2 comprises a network of cells 3. Each cell 3 is made hollow in the thickness of the document 1, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the thickness of the paper in the regions 4 surrounding the cells 3 is substantially constant and equal to the thickness of the paper outside the security zone 2.
  • the surface mass of the paper, at the cells 3, is less than the surface mass of the paper at the aforementioned regions 4.
  • the cells 3 appear in clear and the regions 4 appear darker than the cells 3.
  • a network 5 of elementary masks 6 is used, such as that shown in FIG. 3.
  • the elementary masks 6 are interconnected by bridges 7 of small width.
  • the network 5 is produced in one-piece form, for example by cutting or etching a thin sheet of metal or plastic. O 01/57312 ⁇
  • the network 5 is used in association with a fabric 8, which has been shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6, this fabric 8 being, for example, a fabric known in itself, used conventionally during the wet phase for forming paper from an aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers.
  • the network 5 is preferably constituted, as in the case of the example described, by a metal grid fixed to the external face of the fabric 8, that is to say the face which is in contact with the suspension. aqueous cellulose fibers.
  • each elementary mask 6 limits the accumulation of cellulosic fibers in suspension at the level of the fabric and creates a cell in the paper zone located at the level of this elementary mask.
  • the bridges 7 create recessed connecting portions on the sheet, which have not been shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity of the drawing.
  • the invention is not limited to this exemplary embodiment.
  • the security zone of the sheet obtained can be printed by known printing techniques, in particular laser with all types of inks, visible in daylight or fluorescent.
  • the image obtained is difficult to erase, because the ink remains trapped in the bottom of the cells.
  • the network 5 of masks is replaced, in a variant embodiment not illustrated, by a grid comprising openings, this grid being obtained from a raster image.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Facsimile Transmission Control (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Security paper ( 1 ) has a security zone ( 2 ) for providing protection against mechanical falsification. The security zone comprises a set of cells ( 3 ) indented in the paper and optionally interconnected by indented link portions, the thickness of the paper being substantially uniform throughout its area that is complementary to the cells ( 3 ) and to the link portions in the security zone ( 2 ).

Description

PAPIER DE SECURITE SECURITY PAPER
La présente invention concerne un papier de sécurité comportant une zone de sécurité, un procédé pour réaliser un tel papier et un dispositif pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé.The present invention relates to a security paper comprising a security zone, a method for producing such a paper and a device for implementing this method.
Il est connu de réaliser des zones fragilisées sur des feuilles de papier devant constituer des documents de sécurité comme, par exemple, des billets de banque, des moyens de paiement, des pièces d'identité, des titres de transport, des billets d'entrée à des manifestations culturelles ou sportives. Ces zones sont destinées à recevoir des informations qui ne doivent pas être falsifiées.It is known to produce weakened areas on sheets of paper which must constitute security documents such as, for example, banknotes, means of payment, identity documents, transport tickets, entry tickets. cultural or sporting events. These areas are intended to receive information which must not be falsified.
La zone fragilisée est conçue de manière que toute agression mécanique de sa surface provoque des dégâts irréversibles, tels que le perçage du papier ou un peluchage de sa surface, interdisant toute modification des informations inscrites sur ladite zone fragilisée. Une des méthodes connues pour réaliser une zone fragilisée est d'opérer une abrasion ou un découpage à mi-chair de la zone, postérieurement à la fabrication de la feuille de papier, comme proposé dans le document EP-A-0 543 528.The weakened area is designed so that any mechanical attack on its surface causes irreversible damage, such as piercing the paper or fluffing of its surface, preventing any modification of the information written on said weakened area. One of the known methods for producing a weakened area is to operate an abrasion or a half-cut of the area, after the manufacture of the sheet of paper, as proposed in document EP-A-0 543 528.
La réalisation d'une zone fragilisée nécessite une opération supplémentaire par rapport au processus normal de fabrication du papier, ce qui induit un surcoût relativement important.Achieving a weakened area requires an additional operation compared to the normal papermaking process, which induces a relatively significant additional cost.
En outre, cette opération supplémentaire est d'une mise en oeuvre industrielle délicate, et le document EP-A-0 543 528 ne fournit aucun enseignement précis à ce sujet.In addition, this additional operation is a delicate industrial implementation, and the document EP-A-0 543 528 provides no specific teaching on this subject.
Une autre méthode connue est de former simultanément deux couches de papier par la technique du bi-jet, l'une des couches étant pourvue d'une fenêtre, l'autre pas. Les deux couches assemblées fournissent une feuille de papier pourvue d'une fenêtre de moindre épaisseur et de grande fragilité.Another known method is to simultaneously form two layers of paper by the twin-jet technique, one of the layers being provided with a window, the other not. The two assembled layers provide a sheet of paper provided with a window of reduced thickness and great brittleness.
La feuille réalisée en bi-jet présente l'inconvénient que sa zone fragilisée doit être suffisamment fragile pour remplir sa fonction de zone de sécurité, mais doit néanmoins pouvoir résister aux manipulations qu'implique la fabrication industrielle de la feuille. Le fabricant du papier doit donc trouver le meilleur compromis entre ces deux exigences.The sheet produced in twin-jet has the drawback that its weakened zone must be sufficiently fragile to fulfill its function as a safety zone, but must nevertheless be able to withstand the manipulations involved in the industrial manufacture of the sheet. The paper manufacturer must therefore find the best compromise between these two requirements.
De plus, la zone fragilisée ne peut pas s'étendre sur une grande superficie, au O 01/57312 2 In addition, the weakened area cannot extend over a large area, O 01/57312 2
risque de se déchirer à la première occasion, lors de son utilisation comme papier de sécurité.risk of tearing at the first opportunity when used as security paper.
Tous ces papiers de sécurité connus sont en outre vulnérables vis-à-vis de la méthode de falsification consistant à découper la zone de sécurité dans son épaisseur pour recouvrir l'épaisseur restante d'une autre feuille falsifiée, par exemple en la collant.All these known security papers are also vulnerable to the falsification method consisting in cutting the security zone through its thickness to cover the remaining thickness with another falsified sheet, for example by sticking it.
La présente invention vise à fournir un papier de sécurité comportant une zone de sécurité, qui soit d'une réalisation simple et économique.The present invention aims to provide security paper comprising a security zone, which is simple and economical to produce.
La présente invention a ainsi pour objet un papier de sécurité comportant une zone de sécurité assurant une protection contre les falsifications mécaniques, caractérisé par le fait que ladite zone de sécurité comporte un ensemble d'alvéoles formées en creux dans le papier, éventuellement reliées par des portions de liaison en creux, l'épaisseur du papier étant uniforme dans toute sa surface complémentaire aux alvéoles et aux portions de liaison dans la zone de sécurité.The present invention thus relates to a security paper comprising a security zone ensuring protection against mechanical falsification, characterized in that said security zone comprises a set of cells formed hollow in the paper, possibly connected by recessed connection portions, the thickness of the paper being uniform throughout its surface complementary to the cells and to the connection portions in the security zone.
Dans le papier de sécurité selon l'invention, la zone de sécurité est certes légèrement fragilisée par rapport au reste du papier, mais suffisamment peu pour ne pas remettre en question la solidité du papier.In the security paper according to the invention, the security zone is certainly slightly weakened compared to the rest of the paper, but sufficiently little so as not to call into question the solidity of the paper.
Les parties du papier situées entre les alvéoles constituent une armature pour la zone de sécurité, de sorte que même si celle-ci s'étend sur une grande superficie, cette armature lui assure une solidité suffisante. La zone de sécurité peut ainsi occuper une partie importante de la feuille, voire toute sa surface.The parts of the paper located between the cells constitute a reinforcement for the safety zone, so that even if it extends over a large area, this reinforcement provides it with sufficient solidity. The security zone can thus occupy a large part of the sheet, or even its entire surface.
Lorsque la zone de sécurité est imprimée, le rôle des alvéoles est, non pas seulement de fragiliser le papier, mais aussi de former des pièges pour l'encre matérialisant l'information portée sur la zone de sécurité.When the security zone is printed, the role of the cells is not only to weaken the paper, but also to form traps for the ink embodying the information carried on the security zone.
Une fois logée dans les alvéoles, l'encre devient difficile à atteindre, que ce soit par grattage ou gommage.Once housed in the cells, the ink becomes difficult to reach, whether by scraping or scrubbing.
Sous réserve que les alvéoles formées dans le papier soient suffisamment profondes, l'invention répond également au problème déjà exposé de falsification par découpe de la zone de sécurité dans l'épaisseur du papier.Provided that the cells formed in the paper are sufficiently deep, the invention also responds to the already exposed problem of falsification by cutting the security zone in the thickness of the paper.
En effet, même découpée dans son épaisseur, la zone de sécurité comporte toujours, au fond de ses alvéoles, l'encre déposée pour l'inscription de l'information de sécurité.Indeed, even cut in its thickness, the security zone always includes, at the bottom of its cells, the ink deposited for the registration of the security information.
Les alvéoles peuvent être réparties selon un réseau. O 01/57312The cells can be distributed according to a network. O 01/57312
La zone de sécurité peut comporter entre 1 et 20, de préférence entre 2 et 10, alvéoles par cm2.The safety zone can include between 1 and 20, preferably between 2 and 10, cells per cm 2 .
De préférence, la superficie occupée par les alvéoles et les éventuelles portions de liaison correspond à au moins 50 % de la superficie totale de la zone de sécurité.Preferably, the area occupied by the cells and any connecting portions corresponds to at least 50% of the total area of the security zone.
La profondeur des alvéoles est par exemple de 50 à 90 %, et de préférence de 70 à 80 %, de l'épaisseur maximale du papier autour des alvéoles, dans la zone de sécurité.The depth of the cells is for example from 50 to 90%, and preferably from 70 to 80%, of the maximum thickness of the paper around the cells, in the security zone.
Toutes les alvéoles peuvent avoir sensiblement la même profondeur. Le papier obtenu grâce à l'invention présente l'avantage de pouvoir être dépourvu de parties en saillie, telles que des embossages ou des gaufrages, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux pour les opérations d'impression, tant sur la zone de sécurité que sur le reste de sa surface.All the cells can have substantially the same depth. The paper obtained thanks to the invention has the advantage of being able to be devoid of projecting parts, such as embossing or embossing, which is particularly advantageous for printing operations, both on the security zone and on the rest of its surface.
En particulier, des essais effectués par la demanderesse ont permis de constater que le papier selon l'invention ne pose aucune difficulté lorsqu'il s'agit d'y imprimer une encre, y compris sur sa zone de sécurité, l'encre étant déposée au fond d'alvéoles.In particular, tests carried out by the applicant have shown that the paper according to the invention poses no difficulty when it is a question of printing an ink therein, including on its security zone, the ink being deposited at the bottom of cells.
Ces essais ont montré que l'impression est de bonne qualité pour une impression par jet d'encre, mais aussi pour une impression laser. On peut ainsi notamment imprimer une photographie sur la zone de sécurité, sans avoir à prendre aucune précaution nécessitée par la présence des alvéoles, avec l'assurance que la falsification ou la suppression de cette photographie ne pourra pas s'opérer sans d'importantes difficultés.These tests have shown that the printing is of good quality for inkjet printing, but also for laser printing. It is thus possible in particular to print a photograph on the security zone, without having to take any precaution required by the presence of the alveoli, with the assurance that the falsification or the deletion of this photograph cannot be carried out without significant difficulties .
De plus, dans le papier selon l'invention, chaque alvéole confère localement au papier une masse surfacique de composition fibreuse inférieure à celle du papier autour de l'alvéole. Chaque alvéole peut ainsi être plus transparente que son voisinage immédiat, en l'absence d'encre.In addition, in the paper according to the invention, each cell locally gives the paper a surface mass of fibrous composition less than that of the paper around the cell. Each cell can thus be more transparent than its immediate vicinity, in the absence of ink.
De ce fait, en répartissant les alvéoles sur la surface de la zone de sécurité comme des points de trame d'une image tramée, en faisant varier par exemple la forme, le nombre et/ou la taille et/ou la répartition des alvéoles en différentes parties de la zone de sécurité, on peut obtenir un effet macroscopique qui reconstitue un filigrane à effet multiton. O 01/57312Therefore, by distributing the cells on the surface of the security zone as halftone dots of a raster image, by varying for example the shape, the number and / or the size and / or the distribution of the cells in different parts of the safety zone, we can obtain a macroscopic effect which reconstructs a watermark with a multiton effect. O 01/57312
Ainsi, les alvéoles et les éventuelles portions de liaison constituent sur le papier, observé en lumière transmise avant l'impression, des zones claires, ces dernières étant délimitées par des zones sombres.Thus, the cells and the possible connecting portions constitute on the paper, observed in light transmitted before printing, light areas, the latter being delimited by dark areas.
Les zones claires et les zones sombres définissent avantageusement une image tramée.The light areas and the dark areas advantageously define a raster image.
De préférence, cette image tramée présente des points de trame constitués par des lignes.Preferably, this raster image has halftone dots formed by lines.
De préférence encore, les zones claires sont non disjointes, ce qui permet de réaliser le filigrane au moyen d'une grille monobloc ajourée, comme cela sera précisé plus loin.More preferably, the light areas are not separate, which allows the watermark to be produced by means of a perforated monobloc grid, as will be explained below.
Enfin, de par l'absence de parties en saillie ou de bossages, les feuilles de papier peuvent être traitées sans qu'il soit nécessaire de prévoir des cales pour compenser des surépaisseurs locales.Finally, due to the absence of protrusions or bosses, the sheets of paper can be treated without the need to provide shims to compensate for local excess thicknesses.
Le papier selon l'invention est particulièrement simple à fabriquer, grâce au procédé, qui fait également l'objet de la présente invention, qui se caractérise par le fait qu'il comporte l'étape consistant à munir une toile utilisée au cours de la phase humide de formation du papier d'un ensemble de masques aptes à créer en une zone du papier se trouvant au droit des masques au moment de la formation du papier, un ensemble d'alvéoles formées dans l'épaisseur du papier. La présente invention a également pour objet une toile utilisée au cours de la phase humide de fabrication d'un papier, qui est caractérisée par le fait qu'elle est munie d'un ensemble de masques qui crée, en une zone du papier se trouvant au droit des masques au moment de la formation du papier, un ensemble d'alvéoles formé dans l'épaisseur du papier. L'ensemble de masques précité permet d'obtenir un relief en creux sur une zone du papier constituant la zone de sécurité.The paper according to the invention is particularly simple to manufacture, thanks to the process, which is also the subject of the present invention, which is characterized by the fact that it comprises the step consisting in providing a canvas used during the wet phase of paper formation of a set of masks capable of creating, in a zone of the paper located at the level of the masks at the time of the formation of the paper, a set of cells formed in the thickness of the paper. The present invention also relates to a canvas used during the wet phase of papermaking, which is characterized by the fact that it is provided with a set of masks which creates, in an area of the paper lying in line with the masks at the time of paper formation, a set of cells formed in the thickness of the paper. The above-mentioned set of masks makes it possible to obtain a recessed relief on an area of the paper constituting the security area.
Ce relief se forme dans le papier car les masques qui sont présents sur la toile limitent l'accumulation des fibres cellulosiques, synthétiques ou minérales de la suspension aqueuse servant à la fabrication du papier. Les parties correspondantes du papier constituent les alvéoles et le reste du papier, notamment les régions formées entre les masques du réseau, présente une épaisseur sensiblement égale à celle d'un papier dépourvu d'alvéoles. O 01/57312This relief is formed in the paper because the masks which are present on the canvas limit the accumulation of cellulosic, synthetic or mineral fibers of the aqueous suspension used for the manufacture of the paper. The corresponding parts of the paper constitute the cells and the rest of the paper, in particular the regions formed between the masks of the network, has a thickness substantially equal to that of a paper devoid of cells. O 01/57312
Dans un premier mode de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la toile en question constitue la toile de formation du papier.In a first embodiment of the invention, the canvas in question constitutes the paper-forming canvas.
Dans un second mode de mise en œuvre, la toile en question sert au levage de la feuille formée. Dans un troisième mode de mise en œuvre, la toile en question est fixée à une presse humide qui travaille la feuille encore humide après son levage.In a second embodiment, the canvas in question is used for lifting the formed sheet. In a third embodiment, the canvas in question is fixed to a wet press which works the sheet still wet after lifting.
Dans un quatrième mode de mise en œuvre, la toile en question est fixée à un rouleau filigraneur.In a fourth embodiment, the canvas in question is fixed to a watermark roll.
Dans un cinquième mode de mise en œuvre de l'invention, la toile en question est fixée à un élément graineur situé en dehors de la zone de formation de la feuille.In a fifth embodiment of the invention, the canvas in question is fixed to a grain element located outside the zone of formation of the sheet.
La toile peut, par exemple, se trouver sur une machine à papier à forme ronde ou sur une machine à papier à table plate.The canvas can, for example, be on a round-shaped paper machine or on a flat table paper machine.
Dans chacun des modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus, l'ensemble de masques peut se trouver sur la face interne de la toile, dans son épaisseur ou sur la face externe de la toile, plusieurs toiles pouvant être associées.In each of the embodiments described above, the set of masks can be on the internal face of the fabric, in its thickness or on the external face of the fabric, several fabrics being able to be associated.
De préférence, le réseau de masques se situe sur l'une des faces de la toile plutôt que dans son épaisseur.Preferably, the network of masks is located on one of the faces of the canvas rather than in its thickness.
L'invention a aussi pour objet un empilage de toiles dont l'une au moins est une toile telle que décrite ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a stack of fabrics, at least one of which is a fabric as described above.
Bien entendu, toute combinaison des modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus est également possible.Of course, any combination of the embodiments described above is also possible.
On va maintenant décrire différentes réalisations de l'ensemble de masques selon l'invention. Dans un premier mode de réalisation, l'ensemble de masques est constitué par une grille monobloc, issue d'une plaque de faible épaisseur, dans laquelle ont été réalisés des ajours, par exemple hexagonaux et disposés selon un réseau régulier. Les parties de la grille subsistant entre les perçages constituent les masques du réseau.We will now describe different embodiments of the set of masks according to the invention. In a first embodiment, the set of masks is constituted by a monobloc grid, coming from a thin plate, in which openings, for example hexagonal, have been produced and arranged in a regular network. The parts of the grid remaining between the holes constitute the masks of the network.
La densité des perçages est déterminée par l'homme du métier en fonction du grammage du papier et de sa composition. On cherchera à établir un compromis avantageux entre le souhait d'obtenir une superficie maximale d'alvéoles et la nécessité de maintenir l'ossature de la zone de sécurité, grâce à l'armature formée par les parties du O 01/57312 (,The density of the holes is determined by a person skilled in the art as a function of the grammage of the paper and of its composition. We will try to establish an advantageous compromise between the desire to obtain a maximum surface area of cells and the need to maintain the framework of the safety zone, thanks to the framework formed by the parts of the O 01/57312 (,
papier entourant les alvéoles.paper surrounding the alveoli.
L'homme du métier choisira par exemple un grand nombre d'alvéoles de petites dimensions, afin d'atteindre une surface cumulée d'alvéoles importantes, sans nuire à la solidité de l' armature. En outre, cette solution améliore la protection de l'encre logée au fond des alvéoles, car l'étroitesse de ces dernières rend l'encre difficile d'accès.Those skilled in the art will for example choose a large number of small cells, in order to reach a cumulative surface of large cells, without harming the solidity of the frame. In addition, this solution improves the protection of the ink housed at the bottom of the cells, because the narrowness of the latter makes the ink difficult to access.
Dans un second mode de réalisation, l'ensemble de masques est constitué par une juxtaposition de petites pièces fixées individuellement à la toile.In a second embodiment, the set of masks is constituted by a juxtaposition of small parts individually fixed to the canvas.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, les masques sont au moins en partie conformés en un motif particulier destiné à personnaliser la feuille de papier, en créant dans l'épaisseur de celle-ci des alvéoles reprenant le motif des masques. Par exemple, chaque motif peut former une lettre ou un ensemble de lettres éventuellement caractéristiques de l'émetteur du document de sécurité établi à partir de la feuille selon l'invention. Dans un autre mode de réalisation particulier, l'ensemble des masques constitué ou non par une grille, forme en lui-même un motif particulier, grâce à un agencement de ses masques ou à une modification locale de la forme ou de la dimension des masques à certains endroits du réseau.In a particular embodiment, the masks are at least partly shaped into a particular pattern intended to personalize the sheet of paper, by creating in the thickness of the latter recesses taking up the pattern of the masks. For example, each pattern can form a letter or a set of letters possibly characteristic of the issuer of the security document established from the sheet according to the invention. In another particular embodiment, the set of masks, whether or not constituted by a grid, forms in itself a particular pattern, by means of an arrangement of its masks or by a local modification of the shape or of the size of the masks in certain places on the network.
On peut ainsi faire apparaître un motif sous-jacent à l'information imprimée sur la zone de sécurité, pour personnaliser le document.It is thus possible to reveal a pattern underlying the information printed on the security zone, to personalize the document.
L'ensemble des masques peut être obtenu à partir d'une image tramée, et restituer sur le papier des nuances de tons par une juxtaposition de zones claires et sombres.All the masks can be obtained from a raster image, and restore nuances of tones on paper by a juxtaposition of light and dark areas.
Une telle image tramée comporte avantageusement des points de trame en forme de ligne, ces lignes présentant une largeur variable sur leur longueur, éventuellement nulle par endroits, les lignes étant en outre agencées de manière à ce qu'il n'existe pas de portion de ligne totalement isolée ; une grille peut être aisément réalisée par photogravure à partir d'une telle image, les ajours de cette grille correspondant aux zones sombres du filigrane. Dans le but de mieux faire comprendre l'invention, on va en décrire maintenant des modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en référence au dessin annexé, dans lequel : O 01/57312 7Such a raster image advantageously comprises raster dots in the form of a line, these lines having a variable width over their length, possibly zero in places, the lines being further arranged so that there is no portion of totally isolated line; a grid can be easily produced by photoengraving from such an image, the openings of this grid corresponding to the dark areas of the watermark. In order to better understand the invention, we will now describe embodiments given by way of non-limiting examples, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: O 01/57312 7
- la figure 1 représente, de manière très schématique, un papier de sécurité tel qu'un billet de banque, comportant une zone de sécurité conforme à l'invention,FIG. 1 very schematically represents a security paper such as a bank note, comprising a security zone in accordance with the invention,
- la figure 2 est une coupe partielle et schématique selon le trait de coupe π-_3 de la figure 1, - la figure 3 représente un réseau de masques conforme à l'invention,FIG. 2 is a partial and schematic section along the section line π-_3 in FIG. 1, - FIG. 3 represents a network of masks according to the invention,
- la figure 4 représente un détail de la figure 3,FIG. 4 represents a detail of FIG. 3,
- la figure 5 est une section selon le trait de coupe N-N de la figure 4, et la figure 6 représente, de manière schématique, en section, une toile munie d'un réseau de masques conforme à l'invention. On a représenté, sur la figure 1, un document de sécurité 1 tel qu'un billet de banque, réalisé à partir de fibres cellulosiques et comportant une zone de sécurité 2 schématisée par un rectangle en traits interrompus.- Figure 5 is a section along the section line N-N of Figure 4, and Figure 6 shows, schematically, in section, a canvas provided with a network of masks according to the invention. There is shown in Figure 1, a security document 1 such as a bank note, made from cellulosic fibers and having a security zone 2 shown schematically by a rectangle in broken lines.
La zone de sécurité 2 peut présenter une taille quelconque et peut s'étendre par exemple sur toute la surface du document ou sur une partie seulement du document, comme c'est le cas dans l'exemple décrit.The security zone 2 can have any size and can extend, for example, over the entire surface of the document or over only part of the document, as is the case in the example described.
La zone de sécurité 2 comporte un réseau d'alvéoles 3. Chaque alvéole 3 est réalisée en creux dans l'épaisseur du document 1, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2.The security zone 2 comprises a network of cells 3. Each cell 3 is made hollow in the thickness of the document 1, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
Au sein de la zone de sécurité 2, l'épaisseur du papier dans les régions 4 entourant les alvéoles 3 est sensiblement constante et égale à l'épaisseur du papier en dehors de la zone de sécurité 2.Within the security zone 2, the thickness of the paper in the regions 4 surrounding the cells 3 is substantially constant and equal to the thickness of the paper outside the security zone 2.
La masse surfacique du papier, au niveau des alvéoles 3, est inférieure à la masse surfacique du papier au niveau des régions 4 susdites.The surface mass of the paper, at the cells 3, is less than the surface mass of the paper at the aforementioned regions 4.
Au sein de la zone de sécurité 2, tout au moins avant l'impression du papier, les alvéoles 3 apparaissent en clair et les régions 4 apparaissent plus foncées que les alvéoles 3.Within security zone 2, at least before printing the paper, the cells 3 appear in clear and the regions 4 appear darker than the cells 3.
Pour former les alvéoles 3, on utilise un réseau 5 de masques élémentaires 6, tel que celui représenté sur la figure 3.To form the cells 3, a network 5 of elementary masks 6 is used, such as that shown in FIG. 3.
Les masques élémentaires 6 sont reliés entre eux par des ponts 7 de faible largeur.The elementary masks 6 are interconnected by bridges 7 of small width.
Le réseau 5 est réalisé sous forme monobloc, par exemple par découpage ou gravure d'une mince plaque de métal ou de matière plastique. O 01/57312 βThe network 5 is produced in one-piece form, for example by cutting or etching a thin sheet of metal or plastic. O 01/57312 β
Le réseau 5 est utilisé en association avec une toile 8, que l'on a représentée schématiquement sur la figure 6, cette toile 8 étant, par exemple, une toile connue en elle- même, utilisée de manière conventionnelle au cours de la phase humide de formation du papier à partir d'une suspension aqueuse de fibres cellulosiques. Le réseau 5 est de préférence constitué, comme c'est le cas de l'exemple décrit, par une grille métallique fixée sur la face extérieure de la toile 8, c'est-à-dire la face qui est en contact avec la suspension aqueuse de fibres cellulosiques.The network 5 is used in association with a fabric 8, which has been shown diagrammatically in FIG. 6, this fabric 8 being, for example, a fabric known in itself, used conventionally during the wet phase for forming paper from an aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers. The network 5 is preferably constituted, as in the case of the example described, by a metal grid fixed to the external face of the fabric 8, that is to say the face which is in contact with the suspension. aqueous cellulose fibers.
Lors de la phase de formation du papier, chaque masque élémentaire 6 limite l'accumulation des fibres cellulosiques en suspension au niveau de la toile et crée une alvéole dans la zone de papier se trouvant au droit de ce masque élémentaire.During the paper formation phase, each elementary mask 6 limits the accumulation of cellulosic fibers in suspension at the level of the fabric and creates a cell in the paper zone located at the level of this elementary mask.
Les ponts 7 créent des portions de liaison en creux sur la feuille, que l'on n'a pas représentées sur la figure 1 dans un souci de clarté du dessin.The bridges 7 create recessed connecting portions on the sheet, which have not been shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity of the drawing.
Lorsque les masques élémentaires 6 et les ponts de liaison 7 sont réalisés sous une forme monobloc, il n'existe pas de portion en creux sur la zone de sécurité qui soit isolée des autres.When the elementary masks 6 and the connecting bridges 7 are produced in one-piece form, there is no hollow portion on the safety zone which is isolated from the others.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée à cet exemple de réalisation. On peut notamment fixer la grille sur une toile ne servant pas directement à la formation du papier mais servant, par exemple, au levage de la feuille formée.Of course, the invention is not limited to this exemplary embodiment. One can in particular fix the grid on a canvas not used directly for the formation of paper but used, for example, for lifting the formed sheet.
On peut encore fixer la grille à une toile solidaire d'une presse humide qui travaille la feuille encore humide après son levage, ou à une toile fixée à un rouleau filigraneur ou encore à une toile fixée à un élément graineur situé en dehors de la zone de formation de la feuille.You can also attach the grid to a canvas attached to a wet press that works the sheet still wet after lifting, or to a canvas attached to a watermark roller or to a canvas attached to a grain element located outside the area sheet formation.
On peut encore réaliser le réseau de masques dans l'épaisseur de la toile en obturant localement les pores de celle-ci. La zone de sécurité de la feuille obtenue peut être imprimée par les techniques connues d'impression, notamment laser avec tous types d'encres, visibles à la lumière du jour ou fluorescentes.It is also possible to produce the network of masks in the thickness of the fabric by locally sealing the pores thereof. The security zone of the sheet obtained can be printed by known printing techniques, in particular laser with all types of inks, visible in daylight or fluorescent.
L'image obtenue est difficilement effaçable, car l'encre reste prisonnière dans le fond des alvéoles. Le réseau 5 de masques est remplacé, dans une variante de réalisation non illustrée, par une grille comportant des ajours, cette grille étant obtenue à partir d'une image tramée. The image obtained is difficult to erase, because the ink remains trapped in the bottom of the cells. The network 5 of masks is replaced, in a variant embodiment not illustrated, by a grid comprising openings, this grid being obtained from a raster image.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Papier de sécurité (1) comportant une zone de sécurité (2) assurant une protection contre les falsifications mécaniques, caractérisé par le fait que ladite zone de sécurité comporte un ensemble d'alvéoles (3) formées en creux dans le papier, éventuellement reliées par des portions de liaison en creux, l'épaisseur du papier étant sensiblement uniforme dans toute sa surface complémentaire aux alvéoles (3) et aux portions de liaison dans la zone de sécurité (2).1. Security paper (1) comprising a security zone (2) ensuring protection against mechanical falsification, characterized in that said security zone comprises a set of cells (3) formed hollow in the paper, possibly connected by recessed connecting portions, the thickness of the paper being substantially uniform throughout its surface complementary to the cells (3) and to the connecting portions in the security zone (2).
2. Papier selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé par le fait que la zone de sécurité comporte entre 1 et 20, de préférence 2 et 10, alvéoles par cm2.2. Paper according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the security zone comprises between 1 and 20, preferably 2 and 10, cells per cm 2 .
3. Papier selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la superficie occupée par les alvéoles (3) et les éventuelles portions de liaison correspond à au moins 50 % de la superficie totale de la zone de sécurité (2).3. Paper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the area occupied by the cells (3) and any connecting portions corresponds to at least 50% of the total area of the security zone (2).
4. Papier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la profondeur des alvéoles est par exemple de 50 à 90 %, et de préférence de 70 à 80 %, de l'épaisseur maximale du papier autour des alvéoles, dans la zone de sécurité.4. Paper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the depth of the cells is for example from 50 to 90%, and preferably from 70 to 80%, of the maximum thickness of the paper around the cells, in the safety zone.
5. Papier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les alvéoles (3) ont sensiblement la même profondeur. 5. Paper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cells (3) have substantially the same depth.
6. Papier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les alvéoles sont réparties selon un réseau régulier.6. Paper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cells are distributed in a regular network.
7. Papier selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que les alvéoles et les éventuelles portions de liaison constituent sur le papier, observé en lumière transmise avant l'impression, des zones claires, ces dernières étant délimitées par des zones sombres.7. Paper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cells and any connecting portions constitute on the paper, observed in light transmitted before printing, clear areas, the latter being delimited by dark areas.
8. Papier selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé par le fait que les zones claires et les zones sombres définissent une image tramée.8. Paper according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the light areas and the dark areas define a raster image.
9. Papier selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé par le fait que l'image tramée présente des points de trame constitués par des lignes. 9. Paper according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the raster image has halftone dots formed by lines.
10. Papier selon l'une des trois revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les zones claires sont non disjointes.10. Paper according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that the light areas are not separate.
11. Papier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la zone de sécurité est imprimée, de telle sorte que de l'encre soit déposée dans le fond d'alvéoles.11. Paper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the security zone is printed, so that ink is deposited in the bottom of the cells.
12. Papier selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé par le fait que l'impression est une impression laser. 12. Paper according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the printing is a laser printing.
13. Procédé pour réaliser une feuille de papier comportant une zone de sécurité (2) assurant une protection contre les falsifications mécaniques, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte l'étape consistant à munir une toile utilisée au cours de la phase humide de formation du papier d'un ensemble (5) de masques (6) aptes à créer, en une zone (2) du papier se trouvant au droit des masques au moment de la formation du papier, un ensemble d'alvéoles (3) formées dans l'épaisseur du papier.13. Method for producing a sheet of paper comprising a security zone (2) providing protection against mechanical falsification, characterized in that it includes the step of providing a canvas used during the wet phase of formation paper from a set (5) of masks (6) capable of creating, in a zone (2) of paper located at the level of the masks at the time of the formation of the paper, a set of cells (3) formed in the thickness of the paper.
14. Toile utilisée au cours de la phase humide de fabrication d'un papier, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle est munie d'un ensemble (5) de masques (6) qui crée, en une zone du papier se trouvant au droit des masques au moment de la formation du papier, un ensemble d'alvéoles (3) formées dans l'épaisseur du papier. 14. Canvas used during the wet phase of manufacturing a paper, characterized in that it is provided with a set (5) of masks (6) which creates, in an area of the paper lying at right masks at the time of paper formation, a set of cells (3) formed in the thickness of the paper.
15. Toile selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée par le fait que le réseau de masques est situé sur sa face interne ou sa face externe.15. Canvas according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the network of masks is located on its internal face or its external face.
16. Toile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 et 15, caractérisée par le fait que le réseau de masques est constitué par une grille monobloc, issue d'une plaque de faible épaisseur, dans laquelle ont été réalisés des ajours. 16. Canvas according to any one of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the network of masks is constituted by a one-piece grid, coming from a thin plate, in which openings have been made.
17. Toile selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée par le fait que les ajours sont disposés selon un réseau régulier.17. Canvas according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the openings are arranged in a regular network.
18. Toile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisée par le fait que les masques du réseau sont conformés au moins en partie en un motif particulier destiné à personnaliser la feuille de papier, en créant dans l'épaisseur de celle- ci des alvéoles reprenant le motif des masques.18. Canvas according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the masks of the network are shaped at least in part in a particular pattern intended to personalize the sheet of paper, creating in the thickness of it- these cells using the pattern of the masks.
19. Toile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 18, caractérisée par le fait que le réseau constitue en lui-même un motif particulier, grâce à un agencement de ses masques ou à une modification locale de la forme ou de la dimension desdits masques à certains endroits du réseau. 19. Canvas according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the network constitutes in itself a particular pattern, thanks to an arrangement of its masks or to a local modification of the shape or dimension of said masks in certain places on the network.
20. Empilage de plusieurs toiles dont l'une au moins est une toile selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 19. 20. Stacking of several fabrics, at least one of which is a canvas according to any one of claims 14 to 19.
EP01904025A 2000-02-01 2001-02-01 Security paper Expired - Lifetime EP1252389B2 (en)

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FR0001249A FR2804448B1 (en) 2000-02-01 2000-02-01 SECURITY PAPER COMPRISING A SECURITY ZONE, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH PAPER AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD
FR0001249 2000-02-01
PCT/FR2001/000308 WO2001057312A1 (en) 2000-02-01 2001-02-01 Security paper

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012013809A1 (en) 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Banque De France Porous fabric for producing a security paper, methods for producing such a fabric, and watermarked paper created by such a fabric
WO2013030784A1 (en) 2011-08-31 2013-03-07 Arjowiggins Security Data medium intended for printing on liquid toner presses
WO2014097146A1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-06-26 Arjowiggins Security Information support for printing on offset presses
US10710394B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2020-07-14 Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas Secure item comprising a revealing screen and a combined image
US10730336B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2020-08-04 Oberthur Fiduciarie Sas Secure item comprising a combined image and/or a revealing screen
US10780728B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2020-09-22 Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas Secure article comprising a combined image and/or a revelation screen
WO2022189584A1 (en) 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas Security item or assembly of the security item and of another object comprising a first and a second raster
FR3120567A1 (en) 2021-03-12 2022-09-16 Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas Security article or combination of a security article and another object comprising a first and a second frame

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6911115B2 (en) 2005-06-28
ES2233604T5 (en) 2010-06-21
ES2233604T3 (en) 2005-06-16
FR2804448B1 (en) 2002-04-05
EP1252389B2 (en) 2010-03-10
JP2003521595A (en) 2003-07-15
DE60107385T2 (en) 2005-07-28
FR2804448A1 (en) 2001-08-03
DE60107385T3 (en) 2010-09-23
JP4717310B2 (en) 2011-07-06
US20030056914A1 (en) 2003-03-27
ATE283388T1 (en) 2004-12-15
EP1252389B1 (en) 2004-11-24
WO2001057312A1 (en) 2001-08-09
DE60107385D1 (en) 2004-12-30

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