EP1252278B1 - Schaumerzeugungsadditiv enthaltende kältemaschinenschmiermittelzusammensetzungen - Google Patents

Schaumerzeugungsadditiv enthaltende kältemaschinenschmiermittelzusammensetzungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1252278B1
EP1252278B1 EP01902469A EP01902469A EP1252278B1 EP 1252278 B1 EP1252278 B1 EP 1252278B1 EP 01902469 A EP01902469 A EP 01902469A EP 01902469 A EP01902469 A EP 01902469A EP 1252278 B1 EP1252278 B1 EP 1252278B1
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Prior art keywords
lubricant composition
foam
lubricant
composition according
ester
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EP01902469A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1252278A1 (de
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Stephen Boyde
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Croda International PLC
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a lubricant composition and its use in refrigeration systems.
  • CFCs disclosed in US 3,792,755 include trichloroethylene, dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) and monochlorodifluoromethane (R-22).
  • HFC hydrofluorocarbon gases
  • suitable base fluids for such synthetic lubricant compositions are polyalkylene glycols, polyol esters, polyvinyl ethers and alkylbenzenes.
  • Known foaming additives are silicon based, for example organosiloxanes or silicones.
  • WO95/12649 discloses a lubricant composition comprising a synthetic polyol ester lubricant and a foam density-increasing additive for use in a refrigerator system with at least one compressor and a halocarbon refrigerant gas, preferably an HFC.
  • the foam density-increasing additive is preferably a siloxane but may also be a halogenated aliphatic polymeric ester (for example Fluorad FC430 available from 3M) and is found to both increase the foam density and control vapour evolution from the compressor.
  • EP 0590238 A1 discloses a compressor for compressing an HFC refrigerant which is characterised by the presence of a lubricant composition consisting of a pentaerythritol ester and a siloxane foaming additive wherein an oil foam layer is created during compressor operation to reduce compressor noise.
  • JP10088173 A2 discloses lubricant compositions for refrigeration compressors for noise reduction comprising HFC refrigerants, ester oil lubricants with at least 2 ester bonds, a hydrolytic stabiliser, an antioxidant and 0.001 - 0.01 wt. % of silicone oils.
  • silicon-containing foaming additives may not be suitable for all refrigerant systems as they are only partially miscible with the base oil of the lubricant composition. This may lead to separation of the silicon-containing additives in cold parts of the refrigeration system.
  • the loss of the silicone-containing additives may also cause loss of foaming due to additive depletion, fouling of heat exchange surfaces and valve blockage.
  • silicones present on metal surfaces prevent painting of such surfaces.
  • the present invention provides a lubricant composition
  • a lubricant composition comprising;
  • partially halogenated we mean that at least one hydrogen atom of the alkyl group has been replaced by a halogen atom.
  • at least one hydrogen atom in each of the carbon atoms of the alkyl group has been replaced by a halogen atom, more preferably all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group have been replaced by halogen atoms so that R is a fully halogenated alkyl group.
  • the halogen atom is a fluorine atom. Especially preferred is when fluorine atoms have replaced all of the hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group.
  • the alkyl group, R may be branched or straight chained and it may be saturated or unsaturated.
  • R preferably has 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of preferred R include -CF 2 - -CF 2 CF 2 -,-CF(CF 3 )-, -CF(CF 3 )CF 2 -, -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 - and -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 -.
  • R can be chosen such that the polyether is a block, random or graft copolymer or a homopolymer.
  • n is preferably in the range from 1 to 100, more preferably from 1 to 50. n may be the same or different for the R groups.
  • An example of a preferred embodiment is X-O-(R 1 O) n1 -(R 2 O) n2 -Y where R 1 and R 2 are as defined for R but R 1 is different to R 2 .
  • n1 and n2 may be the same or different.
  • the polyether backbone has two end groups, X and Y. At least one of the end groups X and Y comprises at least one functionalised group.
  • Types of functionalised groups include hydroxyl, ester, ethoxylated hydroxyl, ethoxylated ester, both organic and inorganic, amine, cyano, and amide.
  • the or each functionalised group may be positioned on the end group so as to be directly linked to the polyether backbone; or it may be positioned at the extremity of the end group away from the polyether backbone; or it may be positioned within the backbone of the end group.
  • the functionalised group is positioned at the extremity of the end group away from the polyether backbone.
  • end groups that may be present within the or each end group include alkyl and haloalkyl, in particular fluoralkyl.
  • the end group is such that it confers solubility of the foam-inducing additive in the synthetic lubricant base oil.
  • Examples of end groups, which comprise a functionalised group are -CF 2 COOCH 3 , -CF 2 CH 2 OH, -CF 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n H and -CF 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 OH .
  • the foam-inducing additive preferably has a molecular weight between 100 and 10000 atomic units, more preferably between 200 and 5000 atomic units. It is present at a level of between 0.0001 to 1.0% by weight in the lubricant composition, preferably at a level of between 0.0001 to 0.05%
  • the synthetic lubricant base oil is selected such that the lubricant composition is compatible with HFC refrigerant gases.
  • it is selected from alkylbenzenes, polyvinyl ethers, polyalkylene glycols and esters.
  • the synthetic lubricant base oil is an ester; more preferably an ester which is a derivative of a polyol, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon-based polyol, having from 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups and, preferably, from 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable polyols include neopentyl glycol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, ditrimethylolpropane and dipentaerythritol.
  • the ester is derived from the reaction of such a polyol with one or more linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms and optionally one or more linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated polycarboxylic acids having from 4 to 54 carbon atoms.
  • the polycarboxylic acids if present, have 2 or 3 carboxyl groups. All of the above acids may be replaced by their esterifiable derivatives, for example anhydrides.
  • Suitable lubricant compositions include the EMKARATE RL range of refrigeration lubricants available from Uniqema, a business of Imperial Chemical Industries plc.
  • the synthetic lubricant base oils for these lubricant compositions are derived from pentaerythritol or oligomers thereof and/or neopentyl glycol reacted with linear and/or branched acids (or their esterifiable derivatives) having from 5 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • the synthetic lubricant base oil has a viscosity at 40°C from 2 to 500cSt.
  • the lubricant composition has a viscosity at 40°C from 2 to 500cSt.
  • the lubricant composition may further comprise other foaming additives, for example organosiloxanes or silicones. If present, such other foaming additives are at a level of between 0.0001 to 1.0% by weight in the lubricant composition, preferably at a level of between 0.0001 to 0.1%, more preferably at a level between 0.0001 to 0.05%.
  • the lubricant composition may also comprise other functional lubricant additives.
  • Suitable additives include antioxidants, antiwear additives, extreme pressure agents, acid scavengers, stabilisers, surfactants, viscosity index improvers, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators or passivators, lubricity improvers or oiliness agents and friction modifiers.
  • the present invention provides for use of a lubricant composition in a refrigeration system wherein the lubricant composition comprises
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant system suitably comprises a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), an HFC or a blend of refrigerants containing at least one HFC, HCFC or both.
  • HCFC hydrochlorofluorocarbon
  • the refrigerant does not contain any chlorine atoms.
  • Suitable HFC gases include R134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane), R-32 (difluoromethane), R-125 (1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane), R-152a (1,1-difluoroethane) and R-143a (1,1,1-trifluoroethane).
  • hydrocarbons preferably with 1 to 6 carbon atoms
  • fluorinated hydrocarbons and other refrigerants for example carbon dioxide or ammonia.
  • the foaming tendency and foam stability of 200mls of a lubricant composition comprising EMKARATE RL 22H ex ICI and various levels of foam-inducing additive, Fomblin HC-OH ex Ausimont (HOCH 2 CF 2 O-(CF 2 CF 2 O) p- (CF 2 O) q -CF 2 CH 2 OH), were measured at room temperature (24.5 °C).
  • the foaming tendency of the lubricant composition was determined using the standard test method ASTM D-892-97, Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils. The test determines the foam tendency in terms of the volume of foam produced by bubbling air through 200mls of the lubricant composition.
  • the foam stability is the time taken in seconds for the foam to disappear.
  • Example 1 was repeated except that R134a was bubbled through the lubricant composition instead of air. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 1 was repeated except the Fomblin HC-OH was replaced by Fluorolink E10 (H(OCH 2 CH 2 ) n OCH 2 CF 2 O-(CF 2 CF 2 O) p -(CF 2 O) q -CF 2 CH 2 O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n H) ex Ausimont. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • Fomblin Y Lvac is a perfluoroalkylether of molecular weight about 2400 ex Ausimont .
  • PDMS 1 is Silicone Fluid SWS-101 50 ex Akrochem of viscosity 50cSt.
  • PDMS 2 is Silicone Fluid SWS-101 350 ex Akrochem of viscosity 350cSt.
  • Fluorad FC430 is a fluorinated surfactant ex 3M.
  • Example 1 was repeated using 250ppm Fomblin HC-OH and the addition of 120ppm of 50cSt Silicone Fluid SWS-101 50 ex Akrochem. The results are shown in Table 6. Table 6 Foam Inducing Additive (ppm) Foam Tendency in Air (ml) Foam Stability in Air (seconds) Fomblin HC-OH (250ppm) and Silicone (120ppm) 350 178 Silicone (120ppm) only - Comparative 150 78

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung, umfassend:
    a) ein synthetisches Schmiermittel-Grundöl; und
    b) ein schauminduzierendes Additiv, das umfasst einen Polyether mit der Formel

            X-O-(RO)n-Y

    wobei
    -O-(RO)n- ein Polyethergerüst ist,
    R eine teilweise oder vollständig halogenierte Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, und wobei benachbarte R-Gruppen gleich oder verschieden sein können,
    n im Bereich von 1 bis 1000 ist, und
    X und Y Endgruppen sind, wobei mindestens eine der Endgruppen X und Y umfasst mindestens eine funktionalisierte Gruppe, gewählt aus Hydroxy, Ester, ethoxyliertem Hydroxy, ethoxyliertem Ester, sowohl organisch als auch anorganisch, Amin, Cyano und Amid.
  2. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei R eine vollständig halogenierte Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 7 Kohlenstoffatomen ist.
  3. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Halogen Fluor ist.
  4. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei n im Bereich von 1 bis 100 ist.
  5. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, wobei die mindestens eine funktionalisierte Gruppe am vom Polyethergerüst entfernten Endpunkt der Endgruppe positioniert ist.
  6. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, wobei die mindestens eine funktionalisierte Gruppe Halogenylkylgruppen einschließt.
  7. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei das schauminduzierende Additiv vorhanden ist zu einem Grad zwischen 0,0001 bis 0,1 Gewichtsprozent der Schmiermittelzusammensetzung.
  8. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei das synthetische Schmiermittel-Grundöl gewählt ist von Alkylbenzolen, Polyvinylethern, Polyalkylenglykolen und Estern.
  9. Schmiermittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 8, wobei das synthetische Schmiermittel-Grundöl ein Ester ist, der ein Derivat eines Polyols ist.
  10. Verwendung einer Schmiermittelzusammensetzung in einem Kühlsystem, wobei die Schmiermittelzusammensetzung umfasst
    a) ein synthetisches Schmiermittel-Grundöl; und
    b) ein schauminduzierendes Additiv, das umfasst einen Polyether mit der Formel

            X-O-(RO)n-Y

    wobei
    -O-(RO)n- ein Polyethergerüst ist,
    R eine teilweise oder vollständig halogenierte Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, und wobei benachbarte R-Gruppen gleich oder verschieden sein können,
    n im Bereich von 1 bis 1000 ist, und
    X und Y Endgruppen sind, wobei mindestens eine der Endgruppen X und Y umfasst mindestens eine funktionalisierte Gruppe, gewählt aus Hydroxy, Ester, ethoxyliertem Hydroxy, ethoxyliertem Ester, sowohl organisch als auch anorganisch, Amin, Cyano und Amid.
EP01902469A 2000-01-31 2001-01-24 Schaumerzeugungsadditiv enthaltende kältemaschinenschmiermittelzusammensetzungen Expired - Lifetime EP1252278B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0001981.0A GB0001981D0 (en) 2000-01-31 2000-01-31 Refrigerant lubricant compositions
GB0001981 2000-01-31
PCT/GB2001/000255 WO2001057165A1 (en) 2000-01-31 2001-01-24 Refrigerant lubricant composition comprising a foam-inducing additive

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1252278A1 EP1252278A1 (de) 2002-10-30
EP1252278B1 true EP1252278B1 (de) 2006-09-27

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KR (1) KR100675248B1 (de)
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AT (1) ATE340840T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2001230330A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60123386D1 (de)
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US20040089839A1 (en) 2002-10-25 2004-05-13 Honeywell International, Inc. Fluorinated alkene refrigerant compositions
US7098173B2 (en) * 2002-11-19 2006-08-29 General Motors Corporation Thermally stable antifoam agent for use in automatic transmission fluids
RU2008133202A (ru) * 2006-01-13 2010-02-20 Е.И.Дюпон де Немур энд Компани (US) Присадочные композиции к холодильным агентам, содержащие перфторполиэфиры
US7759532B2 (en) * 2006-01-13 2010-07-20 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Refrigerant additive compositions containing perfluoropolyethers
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WO2008027514A1 (en) 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Terpene, terpenoid, and fullerene stabilizers for fluoroolefins
JP2008266656A (ja) * 2008-07-04 2008-11-06 Tonengeneral Sekiyu Kk 潤滑油組成物

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KR100675248B1 (ko) 2007-01-29
JP5767130B2 (ja) 2015-08-19
EP1252278A1 (de) 2002-10-30
MY136416A (en) 2008-09-30
ES2270978T3 (es) 2007-04-16
ATE340840T1 (de) 2006-10-15
JP2003522254A (ja) 2003-07-22
AU2001230330A1 (en) 2001-08-14
KR20020068545A (ko) 2002-08-27
CN1396949A (zh) 2003-02-12
GB0001981D0 (en) 2000-03-22
DE60123386D1 (de) 2006-11-09
US20030040445A1 (en) 2003-02-27
CN1210387C (zh) 2005-07-13
JP2012132014A (ja) 2012-07-12
WO2001057165A1 (en) 2001-08-09
TWI225515B (en) 2004-12-21

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