EP1245708B1 - Multiaxiales Textilgitter für technische oder geotechnische Anwendung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Multiaxiales Textilgitter für technische oder geotechnische Anwendung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1245708B1
EP1245708B1 EP02007003A EP02007003A EP1245708B1 EP 1245708 B1 EP1245708 B1 EP 1245708B1 EP 02007003 A EP02007003 A EP 02007003A EP 02007003 A EP02007003 A EP 02007003A EP 1245708 B1 EP1245708 B1 EP 1245708B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weft
elements
yarn
bundles
warp
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02007003A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1245708B8 (de
EP1245708A1 (de
Inventor
Luciano Gabino
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALPE ADRIA TEXTIL Srl
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Alpe Adria Textil Srl
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a multi-axial textile grid, for technical or geotechnical use, characterized by a mesh structure which allows it to resist both cutting forces acting on several axes in the same plane as the grid, and also torque forces acting thereon.
  • Such grids if used in the geotechnical field, are called "geogrids”.
  • the textile grid according to the invention has a multi-axial structure reinforced and stabilized both along two axes orthogonal to each other and also along two further axes oblique and rotated with respect to the first two.
  • the invention also concerns the method to manufacture said multi-axial grids.
  • the state of the art includes bi-axial textile grids used to impart stability and compactness to elements which are disconnected, incoherent and liable to slide or similar.
  • Such grids generally include a structure with orthogonal elements defined by a plurality of apertures which allow them to interact with the relative surfaces or supports on which they rest.
  • US-A-5,795,835 a bonded composite knitted structural textile formed of knitted polymeric components.
  • the first component is a high tenacity, high modulus, low elongation mono- or multifilament yarn.
  • the second component is a fusible polymer in yarn which encapsulates and bonds adjacent load bearing yarns.
  • the third component is an optional effect or bulking yarn.
  • the fourth component is a multifilament warp knit stitch forming yarn to form the ground structure of the knitted textile.
  • This structural textile has the disadvantage not to provide sufficient free area between the different links and not to have great features of resistance to the cutting forces in several directions and to the torque forces admiring on the same plane.
  • the purpose of the invention is to achieve a textile grid characterized by great planar stability on a plurality of axes, and therefore suitable to guarantee great efficiency of use even in conditions of stress and high cutting forces and considerable torque forces.
  • the purpose of the invention is to achieve a multi-axial textile grid or geogrid suitable to considerably increase, with respect to the conventional multi-axial textile, the anchorage of the surface on which it rests, or of the elements incorporated therein and also to increase the friction coefficient or cohesion, in order to obtain extremely good results of dimensional stability, also with respect to conventional bi-axial grids.
  • the multi-axial textile grid according to the invention can be employed in every type of intervention where planning resistance and flexibility are required in the case of composite materials, both active and passive processes of protection and consolidation in the geotechnical field or in other technical solutions concerned.
  • This grid is therefore applied in achieving interventions of flexibility or resistance, reinforcement or stabilization in the field of industry, roads, railways, or airports and similar, reclamation and protection against the erosion of banks of rivers, streams, canals, water courses and similar, reinforcement and protection against sea and wind erosion.
  • the invention provides to make this multi-axial textile grid by means of using the technology "warp knitting with weft insertion”.
  • the multi-axial textile grid according to the invention is achieved by means of sequences of "three-hinge arches", and therefore absolutely stable, arranged in such a manner as to obtain and therefore exploit an ample area, open and free, which allows to apply the grid for the specific functions, of a technical and geotechnical type, which it has to perform.
  • the multi-axial textile grid for technical or geotechnical use comprises a first mesh structure formed by the orthogonal braiding of a plurality of weft elements and a corresponding plurality of warp elements, and a second mesh structure formed by further bundles of yarn disposed obliquely with respect to said weft elements and to said warp elements.
  • Such further bundles of yarn are orthogonal to each other and are disposed in such a manner that said second mesh structure together with said first mesh structure define groups of three-hinge arches located checkerwise inside the apertures of said first mesh structure, with respect to apertures of said first mesh structure, which are free from any of said further bundles of yarn.
  • the weft and warp elements and the bundles of yarn are attached to each other by another yarn disposed according to a joining chain.
  • the multi-axial textile grid is made with apertures with a minimum dimension of about 10x10 mm of free area, with a thickness varying from a minimum of about 0.2 mm to a maximum of about 10 mm, and with a resistance varying from about 10 kN/m to about 10,000 kN/m and more, with the materials and yarns available today.
  • the invention provides to use, as a basic material, the following types of yarns:
  • the production process of said multi-axial textile grids advantageously provides finishing and enhancing steps, by means of the impregnation of the yarns mentioned above with resins, whether they be polyolefin in origin, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyvinyl, such as polyvinyl chloride, or other types, or by means of heat treatments or otherwise.
  • finishing and enhancing steps allow to obtain a specific arrangement of the multi-axial textile grid according to the different purposes of use.
  • the multi-axial textile grid according to the invention combines, in a non-obvious fashion, the advantages of conventional bi-axial textile grids, such as the quality of cohesion, with the advantages of multi-axial textile, such as the resistance to cutting and torque forces, at the same time eliminating the shortcomings of both, such as weakness for bi-axial textile grids and low cohesion for multi-axial textiles.
  • a multi-axial textile grid 10 comprises a first mesh structure 11 formed by the orthogonal braiding of a plurality of weft yarns 13 and a corresponding plurality of warp yarns 12.
  • yarns is intended to mean both yarns as such, and also strands, straps and any other element suitable to be woven.
  • the yarns with which the weft 13 and warp 12 is formed are chosen from among various solutions of synthetic yarns of differing polymeric derivation, such as for example polyester, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), liquid crystal polymers (LCP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), oxidized polyacrylonitril (PAN), carbon fibre, polyethylene naphthalene (PEN) or similar, natural yarns of mineral derivation (glass fibre, ceramic yarns, metal yarns) or natural yarns of biological derivation (cotton, hemp, animal fleeces) or their combinations.
  • Advantageously synthetic yarns and yarns of mineral derivation are mainly used.
  • the weft 13 and warp 12 yarns are grouped together in bundles, separated from each other so as to form a net with apertures which can vary according to the field of use of the grid 10 and are indicatively greater than or equal to 10 x 10 mm.
  • the grid 10 in addition comprises further bundles of yarns 15 and 16 disposed obliquely at 45°, with respect to the bundles of weft 13 and warp 12, in particular arranged so as to be aligned with determinate crossing points of the bundles of weft 13 and warp 12.
  • the method used to achieve this crossing is known as "warp knitting with multi-axial DOS (Directionally oriented structures) system weft insertion".
  • the bundles of weft 13 and warp 12 yarns, and the diagonal yarns 15 and 16, are attached to each other by a yarn 14 shaped so as to form a joining chain, intended to obtain a textile structure formed by three-hinge arches, which confers on the first mesh structure 11 characteristics of great resistance to the cutting forces in several directions and to the torque forces acting on the same plane.
  • the further bundles of yarn 15 and 16 are orthogonal to each other and form a second mesh structure 17 which defines groups of three-hinge arches located checkerwise inside the apertures of the first meshstructure formed by the bundles of weft 13 and warp 12, leaving the adjacent areas free.
  • the grid 10 can also be subjected to subsequent finishing and/or enhancing steps, as shown above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Multiaxiales Textilgitter für technische oder geotechnische Anwendung, umfassend eine erste Maschenstruktur (11), gebildet durch das orthogonale Flechten einer Mehrzahl von Schusselementen (13) und einer korrespondierenden Mehrzahl von Kettenelementen (12), sowie eine zweite Maschenstruktur (17), gebildet durch weitere Bündel von Garn (15, 16), angeordnet schräg bezüglich der Schusselemente (13) und der Kettenelemente (12), wobei die Schusselemente (13) und die Kettenelemente (12) miteinander in Bündel gruppiert sind und voneinander in einer derartigen Weise getrennt sind, dass die Schusselemente (13) auf einer ersten Ebene liegen und die Kettenelemente (12) auf einer zweiten Ebene, parallel und benachbart zu der ersten Ebene, liegen, so dass sie ein Netz mit Öffnungen bilden, und wobei die weiteren Bündel von Garn (15, 16) orthogonal zueinander sind und auf zwei benachbarten unterschiedlichen Ebenen parallel zu den ersten und zweiten Ebenen angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weiteren Bündel von Garn (15, 16) bezüglich der ersten Maschenstruktur (11) so angeordnet sind, dass sie mit den Kreuzungspunkten der Schuss- (13) und Kettenelemente (12) ausgerichtet sind, so dass die Kreuzungspunkte der zweiten Maschenstruktur (17) innerhalb der Öffnungen des Netzes in einer derartigen Weise angeordnet sind, dass die zweite Maschenstruktur (17) zusammen mit der ersten Maschenstruktur (11) Gruppen von drei-gelenkigen Bögen innerhalb der Öffnungen des Netzes definiert, die schachbrettmusterartig bezüglich der Öffnungen des Netzes, die frei von beliebigen weiteren Bündeln von Garn (15, 16) sind, angeordnet sind, und dadurch, dass die Schuss (13) und Kettenelemente (12) und die Bündel von Garn (15, 16) aneinander mittels eines weiteren Garns (14) befestigt sind, der gemäß einem Kettenstich entlang der Schuss- (13), der Kettenelemente (12) oder der Bündel von Garn (15, 16) angeordnet ist, vorausgesetzt, dass der weitere Garn (14) die Kreuzungspunkte der Schuss- (13) und Webelemente (12) kreuzt.
  2. Gitter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Öffnungen des Netzes eine Minimaldimension von ca. 10 x 10 mm aufweist.
  3. Gitter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schuss- und Kettenelemente (12, 13) zumindest einen der folgenden Typen von Garn umfassen: synthetische Garne von sich unterscheidendem polymeren Ursprung und/oder deren Kombinationen; Kompositgarne mit wärmesensitiver oder warmewiderstehender Oberhaut; natürliche Garne von mineralischem Ursprung; natürliche Garne von biologischem Ursprung.
  4. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines multiaxialen Textilgitters für technische und geotechnische Anwendung, umfassend einen ersten Schritt zur Herstellung einer ersten Maschenstruktur (11), gebildet durch das orthogonale Flechten einer Mehrzahl von Schusselementen (13) und einer korrespondierenden Mehrzahl von Kettenelementen (12), wobei die Schusselemente (13) und die Kettenelemente (12) miteinander in Bündeln gruppiert sind und voneinander in einer derartigen Weise getrennt sind, dass die Schusselemente (13) auf einer ersten Ebene liegen und die Kettenelemente (12) auf einer zweiten Ebene, parallel und benachbart zur ersten Ebene, liegen, so dass sie ein Netz mit Öffnungen bilden, sowie einen zweiten Schritt zur Herstellung einer zweiten Maschenstruktur (17), gebildet durch weitere Bündel von Garn (15, 16), angeordnet schräg bezüglich der Schusselemente (13) und der Kettenelemente (12), wobei die weiteren Bündel von Garn (15, 16) orthogonal zueinander angeordnet sind und auf zwei benachbarten unterschiedlichen Ebenen parallel zu den ersten und zweiten Ebenen angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Schritt bereitstellt, dass die weiteren Bündel von Garn (15, 16) bezüglich zur ersten Maschenstruktur (11) so angeordnet sind, dass sie mit den Kreuzungspunkten der Schuss- (13) und Kettenelemente (12) ausgerichtet sind, so dass die Kreuzungspunkte der zweiten Maschenstruktur (17) innerhalb der Öffnungen des Netzes in einer derartigen Weise angeordnet sind, dass die zweite Maschenstruktur (17) zusammen mit der ersten Maschenstruktur (11) Gruppen von drei-gelenkigen Bögen innerhalb der Öffnungen des Netzes definiert, die schachbrettmusterartig bezüglich der Öffnungen des Netzes, die frei von beliebigen weiteren Bündeln von Garn (15, 16) sind, angeordnet sind, und dadurch, dass das Verfahren ferner einen dritten Schritt umfasst, wobei die Schuss-(13), die Kettenelemente (12) und die Bündel von Garn (15, 16) aneinander durch einen weiteren Garn (14) befestigt sind, der gemäß einem Kettenstich entlang der Schuss- (13), der Kettenelemente (12) oder der Bündel von Garn (15, 16) angeordnet ist, vorausgesetzt, dass der weitere Garn (14) die Kreuzungspunkte der Schuss- (13) und Kettenelemente (12) kreuzt.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren, das zur Herstellung des Flechtens der Schusselemente (13) und Kettenelemente (12) und der weiteren Bündel von Garn (15, 16) verwendet wird, jenes ist, das als Kettenwirken mit multiaxialem DOS-Systemschusseintrag bekannt ist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Fertigbearbeitungs- und Verbesserungsschritte umfasst mittels der Impragnierung der Elemente von Garn mit Harzen oder mittels Wärmebehandlungen.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Harze indifferent Polyolefine, Polyurethane, Polystyrole oder Polyvinyle sind.
  8. Verwendung eines multiaxialen Textilgitters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis einschließlich 3 für ein geotechnisches Feld.
EP02007003A 2001-03-30 2002-03-27 Multiaxiales Textilgitter für technische oder geotechnische Anwendung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP1245708B8 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD010059 2001-03-30
IT2001UD000059A ITUD20010059A1 (it) 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 Griglia tessile multiassiale per impiego tecnico o geotecnico e procedimento per la sua fabbricazione

Publications (3)

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EP1245708A1 EP1245708A1 (de) 2002-10-02
EP1245708B1 true EP1245708B1 (de) 2008-01-16
EP1245708B8 EP1245708B8 (de) 2008-03-19

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EP02007003A Expired - Lifetime EP1245708B8 (de) 2001-03-30 2002-03-27 Multiaxiales Textilgitter für technische oder geotechnische Anwendung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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EP (1) EP1245708B8 (de)
AT (1) ATE384153T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60224604T2 (de)
IT (1) ITUD20010059A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102085762B1 (ko) * 2018-11-06 2020-03-06 윤태용 텍스타일 지오그리드

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN100441758C (zh) * 2004-10-20 2008-12-10 东华大学 一种针织结构及其编织方法和专用装置
CN101994209A (zh) * 2010-12-08 2011-03-30 浙江高达新材料有限公司 双轴向经编特种服装衬布
CN105839285A (zh) * 2016-03-24 2016-08-10 江苏工程职业技术学院 一种高强经编双轴向复合土工布的生产方法
CN106884425B (zh) * 2017-04-17 2022-08-09 泰安路德工程材料有限公司 四向格栅及其制作方法
CN107099927B (zh) * 2017-05-02 2019-07-26 常州市宏发纵横新材料科技股份有限公司 经编单向织物及其生产工艺
CN107151859B (zh) * 2017-07-12 2023-07-21 浙江恒石纤维基业有限公司 一种具有高浸透速率的织物及其制备方法及应用
FR3078346B1 (fr) * 2018-02-23 2020-02-14 Serge Ferrari Sas Textile avec nappes de fils de renfort
DE102020103451B4 (de) 2020-02-11 2024-12-05 Hitexbau Gmbh Verstärkungsgitter, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und armiertes Element aus Beton und/oder Mörtel
KR102651115B1 (ko) * 2023-08-16 2024-03-25 김창환 올 풀림 및 변형 방지를 위한 지오그리드의 제조방법

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US2244835A (en) * 1939-05-18 1941-06-10 Jacob Rothman Textile material
US4518640A (en) * 1983-02-09 1985-05-21 Karl Mayer Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh Warp knitted ware with reinforcing threads
US6074722A (en) * 1994-09-30 2000-06-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Flexible material for use in an inflatable structure

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DE4340174C2 (de) * 1993-11-25 2000-06-21 Saechsisches Textilforsch Inst Mehrschichtiges, voluminöses Geotextil
US5795835A (en) * 1995-08-28 1998-08-18 The Tensar Corporation Bonded composite knitted structural textiles
US6171984B1 (en) * 1997-12-03 2001-01-09 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Fiber glass based geosynthetic material
DE19915722A1 (de) * 1999-04-08 2000-10-12 Huesker Synthetic Gmbh & Co Textile Gitterstruktur, insbesondere Geogitter

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2244835A (en) * 1939-05-18 1941-06-10 Jacob Rothman Textile material
US4518640A (en) * 1983-02-09 1985-05-21 Karl Mayer Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh Warp knitted ware with reinforcing threads
US6074722A (en) * 1994-09-30 2000-06-13 Lockheed Martin Corporation Flexible material for use in an inflatable structure

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102085762B1 (ko) * 2018-11-06 2020-03-06 윤태용 텍스타일 지오그리드

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60224604D1 (de) 2008-03-06
EP1245708B8 (de) 2008-03-19
EP1245708A1 (de) 2002-10-02
DE60224604T2 (de) 2009-01-15
ITUD20010059A1 (it) 2002-09-30
ATE384153T1 (de) 2008-02-15

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