EP1240998B1 - System for the compensation of dosing errors in multi-cavity briquetting presses en particulier for single-layer briquettes or the like - Google Patents

System for the compensation of dosing errors in multi-cavity briquetting presses en particulier for single-layer briquettes or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1240998B1
EP1240998B1 EP20020425135 EP02425135A EP1240998B1 EP 1240998 B1 EP1240998 B1 EP 1240998B1 EP 20020425135 EP20020425135 EP 20020425135 EP 02425135 A EP02425135 A EP 02425135A EP 1240998 B1 EP1240998 B1 EP 1240998B1
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Prior art keywords
plates
compensation
layer
briquettes
elastomer
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP20020425135
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1240998A2 (en
EP1240998A3 (en
Inventor
Alfredo Longinotti
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Longinotti Meccanica SRL
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Longinotti Meccanica SRL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/061—Cushion plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/065—Press rams
    • B30B15/067—Press rams with means for equalizing the pressure exerted by a plurality of press rams

Definitions

  • the dosing of the wet mix is normally done by removing from a tank circular the desired amount by means of buckets most often cylindrical and provided with shutters. In this tank, the material is introduced already mixed, and a mixer - equipped with blades and scrapers - has for function to prevent the material from settling.
  • the measuring cups take the material from the tank different distances from the center of rotation; for this reason and because a random factor, although the buckets are completely filled (and therefore that we have volumes even perfectly equal), we are not able to ensure that the percentages of the different components of the mixture remain equal in each individual bucket and therefore in all compartments or cavities of the multiple mold. So it can happen that the buckets filled with different amounts of water and with differences between different components of the mixture.
  • the invention therefore relates to a compensation system and in any case of limitation of the dosing errors in the cavities of multiple molds presses for cement briquettes, in particular of the single-layer type, which have a pressure plate under which several buffers and an elastomeric layer associated with each pad that provides a sufficient pressing of the material in the different cavities, even in limited differences in dosage and mix composition in the different cavities.
  • Each buffer is associated with a structure that has two plates between which is interposed said layer elastomer.
  • this elastomer layer is vulcanized on the plates, and each elastomeric layer has a peripherally hollow which compensates for the swelling caused in the elastomeric material during the pressure operation.
  • the two plates are connected mechanically by means of screws or the like, in order to maintain the connection even in the case where the vulcanization would give way.
  • the compensation system according to the invention may include screws that traverse with a set game comprising the elastomer and mechanically interconnecting the components of the mold, even in the case where the elastomer is detached from one of these plates.
  • the elastomeric thicknesses can be interposed between each buffer and the pressure plate that carries said buffers or between each buffer and the end plate of the tampon itself, which comes into contact with the material to be pressed.
  • the drawing shows a possible embodiment of the invention, in a vertical sectional view, raised buffer position.
  • the reference 1 designates the base, that is to say the bottom of the mold, on which the frame 3 rests, to define a plurality of cavities 5 two of which are visible in the drawing.
  • the cavity 5 In the cavity 5 are poured quantities of material needed to mold the briquettes M at each compression operation. These quantities are not always equal in their dosage and composition, which causes differences in the pressing briquettes and different structures thereof.
  • Reference 7 means the pressure plate that is lowered by the press to make enter the cavities 5 the buffers 9 equipped with the end plates 11 corresponding to the surfaces that come into contact with the material to be pressed to form briquettes M.
  • the sandwich assembly 13 is obtained by vulcanizing a layer 13A elastomer between two plates 13B and 13C suitably prepared in surface in order to obtain a solid anchorage between the plates themselves and the elastomer 13A.
  • the specific molding pressure is about 200 kg / cm 2 .
  • the elastomer 13A of the sandwich assembly 13 has been designed to undergo a crushing of about 1 mm, under the conditions mentioned above. In the case where a mold with six cavities 5 is used and in the case where the dosage of the mixture is perfect, in each cavity 5 the sandwich assembly is compressed by about 1 mm.
  • the compensation system described above can also be applied to molding of double layer briquettes or other agglomerated products. In these cases, it will be necessary to adapt the elasticity of the elastomer, taking into account the Molding pressures specific to each case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Presses And Accessory Devices Thereof (AREA)

Description

Dans le moulage automatique de briquettes en granulats et ciment, le dosage du mélange humide s'effectue normalement en prélevant d'une cuve circulaire la quantité souhaitée au moyen de godets le plus souvent cylindriques et munis d'obturateurs. Dans cette cuve, le matériau est introduit déjà mélangé, et un mélangeur - équipé de pales et de racleurs - a pour fonction d'empêcher que le matériau ne se dépose.In the automatic molding of aggregates and cement briquettes, the dosing of the wet mix is normally done by removing from a tank circular the desired amount by means of buckets most often cylindrical and provided with shutters. In this tank, the material is introduced already mixed, and a mixer - equipped with blades and scrapers - has for function to prevent the material from settling.

Lorsque les moules, et donc les bâtis, sont multiples (à quatre ou six ou neuf cavités), les godets doseurs viennent prélever le matériau dans la cuve à des distances différentes du centre de rotation ; pour cette raison et du fait d'un facteur aléatoire, bien que l'on remplisse entièrement les godets (et donc que l'on ait des volumes même parfaitement égaux), on n'est pas en mesure de garantir que les pourcentages des différents composants du mélange restent égaux dans chaque godet individuel et donc dans tous les compartiments ou cavités du moule multiple. Il peut donc arriver que les godets soient remplis avec des quantités d'eau différentes et avec des écarts entre les différents composants du mélange.When the molds, and therefore the frames, are multiple (at four or six or nine cavities), the measuring cups take the material from the tank different distances from the center of rotation; for this reason and because a random factor, although the buckets are completely filled (and therefore that we have volumes even perfectly equal), we are not able to ensure that the percentages of the different components of the mixture remain equal in each individual bucket and therefore in all compartments or cavities of the multiple mold. So it can happen that the buckets filled with different amounts of water and with differences between different components of the mixture.

Lorsque l'on moule des briquettes à deux couches, le problème est partiellement et suffisamment réduit du fait de la présence de la seconde couche semi-sèche, de la plus grande hauteur des briquettes et de la moindre pression de moulage. Le problème devient plus grave lorsque l'on moule des briquettes "monocouche" (c'est-à-dire avec une seule couche humide) de faible épaisseur, et pressées sous forte pression.When two-layer briquettes are molded, the problem is partially and sufficiently reduced by the presence of the second semi-dry layer, the greatest height of briquettes and the least molding pressure. The problem becomes more serious when one molds single-layer briquettes (ie with a single wet layer) thin, and pressed under high pressure.

L'invention résout ce problème avec des moyens simples et économiques. Ceux-ci ainsi que d'autres buts et avantages ressortent à l'évidence du texte qui suit.The invention solves this problem with simple means and economic. These as well as other goals and benefits are apparent in the obviousness of the text that follows.

L'invention concerne donc un système de compensation et en tout cas de limitation des erreurs de dosage dans les cavités de moules multiples de presses pour briquettes en ciment, en particulier du type monocouche, qui comportent une plaque de pression sous laquelle sont appliqués plusieurs tampons et une couche élastomère associée à chaque tampon qui assure un pressage suffisant de la matière dans les différentes cavités, même en présence de différences limitées de dosage et de composition du mélange dans les différentes cavités. A chaque tampon est associée une structure qui comporte deux plaques entre lesquelles est interposée ladite couche élastomère.The invention therefore relates to a compensation system and in any case of limitation of the dosing errors in the cavities of multiple molds presses for cement briquettes, in particular of the single-layer type, which have a pressure plate under which several buffers and an elastomeric layer associated with each pad that provides a sufficient pressing of the material in the different cavities, even in limited differences in dosage and mix composition in the different cavities. Each buffer is associated with a structure that has two plates between which is interposed said layer elastomer.

Selon l'invention, cette couche élastomère est vulcanisée sur les plaques, et chaque couche élastomère présente périphériquement un creux qui compense le gonflement provoqué dans la matière élastomère pendant l'opération de pression.According to the invention, this elastomer layer is vulcanized on the plates, and each elastomeric layer has a peripherally hollow which compensates for the swelling caused in the elastomeric material during the pressure operation.

Pour des raisons de sécurité, les deux plaques sont reliées mécaniquement au moyen de vis ou similaires, afin de maintenir la liaison même dans le cas où la vulcanisation céderait. Le système de compensation selon l'invention peut comprendre des vis qui traversent avec un jeu l'ensemble comprenant l'élastomère et qui relient mécaniquement entre eux les composants du moule, même dans le cas où l'élastomère se détache de l'une de ces plaques.For security reasons, the two plates are connected mechanically by means of screws or the like, in order to maintain the connection even in the case where the vulcanization would give way. The compensation system according to the invention may include screws that traverse with a set game comprising the elastomer and mechanically interconnecting the components of the mold, even in the case where the elastomer is detached from one of these plates.

Les épaisseurs élastomères peuvent être interposées entre chaque tampon et la plaque de pression qui porte lesdits tampons ou entre chaque tampon et la plaque terminale du tampon lui-même, laquelle entre en contact avec la matière à presser.The elastomeric thicknesses can be interposed between each buffer and the pressure plate that carries said buffers or between each buffer and the end plate of the tampon itself, which comes into contact with the material to be pressed.

On connaít le Document US-A-4 959 003 A (Agner R. Gregersen), qui décrit, conformément au préambule de la revendication 1, une presse multiple à briquettes où chaque tampon de pression est muni d'une couche élastomère interposée entre deux plaques rigides. Les plaques sont guidées entre eux par des coulisses d'extrémité. La couche élastomère a une forme de parallélépipède aux arêtes droites.Document US-A-4,959,003 A (Agner R. Gregersen) is known from described in accordance with the preamble of claim 1, a multiple briquetting press where each pressure pad is provided an elastomeric layer interposed between two rigid plates. The plaques are guided together by end slides. The elastomeric layer has a parallelepiped shape with straight edges.

Des systèmes de pression multiples sont cités aussi dans les Documents FR-919 258 (Westinghouse Electric Co.) et US-A-1 546 376 (Bennet Grotta), dans lesquels, en correspondance de chaque tampon de pression, est prévue une couche élastomère comprimée entre une tige et le fond d'une cavité de tête de pression.Multiple pressure systems are also mentioned in the Documents FR-919 258 (Westinghouse Electric Co.) and US-A-1 546 376 (Bennet Grotta), in which, corresponding to each buffer of pressure is provided an elastomeric layer compressed between a rod and the bottom of a pressure head cavity.

Le dessin montre une forme de réalisation possible de l'invention, dans une vue en coupe verticale, en position de tampon soulevé. The drawing shows a possible embodiment of the invention, in a vertical sectional view, raised buffer position.

Sur la figure unique, la référence 1 désigne la base, c'est-à-dire le fond du moule, sur lequel repose le bâti 3, pour définir une pluralité de cavités 5 dont deux sont visibles sur le dessin. Dans la cavité 5 sont versées des quantités de matière nécessaires pour mouler les briquettes M, à chaque opération de compression. Ces quantités ne sont pas toujours égales dans leur dosage et leur composition, ce qui provoque des différences dans le pressage des briquettes et différentes structures de celles-ci. La référence 7 désigne la plaque de pression qui est abaissée par la presse pour faire pénétrer dans les cavités 5 les tampons 9 équipés des plaques terminales 11 correspondantes, qui forment les surfaces qui entrent en contact avec la matière à presser pour former les briquettes M.In the single figure, the reference 1 designates the base, that is to say the bottom of the mold, on which the frame 3 rests, to define a plurality of cavities 5 two of which are visible in the drawing. In the cavity 5 are poured quantities of material needed to mold the briquettes M at each compression operation. These quantities are not always equal in their dosage and composition, which causes differences in the pressing briquettes and different structures thereof. Reference 7 means the pressure plate that is lowered by the press to make enter the cavities 5 the buffers 9 equipped with the end plates 11 corresponding to the surfaces that come into contact with the material to be pressed to form briquettes M.

Afin de maintenir dans des limites acceptables les différences de pression dans les différentes cavités 5 - pour les raisons indiquées ci-dessus - il est prévu, suivant le dessin, d'insérer un ensemble sandwich 13 élastique entre la plaque de pression 7 (qui s'abaisse) et chacun des tampons rigides 9. L'ensemble 13 peut aussi être inséré - en variante - entre chaque tampon 9 et la plaque 11 correspondante ; dans ce cas, le tampon est fixé rigidement à la plaque 11.In order to keep within acceptable limits the differences in pressure in the different cavities 5 - for the reasons indicated above - it is intended, according to the drawing, to insert an elastic sandwich assembly 13 between the pressure plate 7 (which lowers) and each of the rigid buffers 9. The assembly 13 can also be inserted - alternatively - between each buffer 9 and the corresponding plate 11; in this case, the buffer is rigidly attached to the plate 11.

L'ensemble sandwich 13 s'obtient en vulcanisant une couche 13A élastomère entre deux plaques 13B et 13C convenablement préparées en surface afin d'obtenir un ancrage solide entre les plaques elles-mêmes et l'élastomère 13A.The sandwich assembly 13 is obtained by vulcanizing a layer 13A elastomer between two plates 13B and 13C suitably prepared in surface in order to obtain a solid anchorage between the plates themselves and the elastomer 13A.

Sur la plaque de pression 7 sont pratiqués des trous 15 pour des vis 15A de fixation de la plaque 13B à la plaque de pression 7 ; on prévoit aussi des trous pour des doigts d'indexation 17 entre la plaque de pression 7 et les plaques 13B, ainsi que des trous débouchants 9 (qui dépassent des plaques 13C et atteignent le tampon 9), pour le passage de vis de sécurité 19A qui parviennent jusqu'au tampon 9 et le traversent pour le relier mécaniquement à la plaque de pression 7, avec un jeu par rapport à l'ensemble 13 ; ceci est utile dans l'éventualité où la couche élastomère 13A se détache de l'une ou des deux plaques 13B et/ou 13C. Entre la plaque 13C et le tampon 9 sont prévus des moyens de fixation avec les tiges 21 ancrées dans la plaque 13C et des écrous 21A qui réagissent dans des sièges ménagés dans le tampon 9. Sont prévus aussi des trous pour des doigts d'indexation 23 pour les plaques 13C et le tampon 9. On the pressure plate 7 are made holes 15 for screw 15A for fixing the plate 13B to the pressure plate 7; we are planning also holes for indexing fingers 17 between the pressure plate 7 and the plates 13B, as well as through holes 9 (which protrude 13C plates and reach the buffer 9), for the passage of 19A security screws which reach to the buffer 9 and cross it to connect it mechanically to the pressure plate 7, with a clearance in relation to the set 13; this is useful in the event that the elastomeric layer 13A becomes detach from one or both plates 13B and / or 13C. Between plate 13C and the buffer 9 are provided fixing means with the rods 21 anchored in the plate 13C and nuts 21A that react in seats 9 are also provided for the fingers. indexing 23 for the plates 13C and the buffer 9.

Lorsque l'on moule des briquettes "monocouche", la pression spécifique de moulage est d'environ 200 kg/cm2. L'élastomère 13A de l'ensemble sandwich 13 a été conçu pour subir un écrasement d'environ 1 mm, dans les conditions mentionnées ci-dessus. Dans le cas où l'on utilise un moule à six cavités 5 et dans le cas où le dosage du mélange est parfait, dans chaque cavité 5 l'ensemble sandwich est comprimé d'environ 1 mm.When "monolayer" briquettes are molded, the specific molding pressure is about 200 kg / cm 2 . The elastomer 13A of the sandwich assembly 13 has been designed to undergo a crushing of about 1 mm, under the conditions mentioned above. In the case where a mold with six cavities 5 is used and in the case where the dosage of the mixture is perfect, in each cavity 5 the sandwich assembly is compressed by about 1 mm.

Des contrôles effectués sur différentes machines ont montré que les erreurs de dosage et de composition que l'on peut avoir dans des moules à plusieurs cavités, se traduisent par des différences d'épaisseur que l'on peut estimer limitées à environ 2/10 mm. Si sous charge on a une flèche de 10/10 mm, la variation de compactage entre la briquette avec un plus grand dosage et celle avec un dosage moindre se réduit à 1/5 seulement du total et on a donc des variations de l'opération de pression qui sont acceptables. Une courbure concave 25 particulière est prévue périphériquement sur l'élastomère 13A ; cette courbure permet d'éviter que l'élastomère ne tende à se détacher des plaques sous charge, en particulier dans les zones intermédiaires des côtés, dans la périphérie.Checks on different machines have shown that dosing and composition errors that can be found in several cavities, resulting in differences in thickness that can be estimate limited to about 2/10 mm. If under load we have an arrow 10/10 mm, the compaction variation between the briquette with a larger dosage and that with a lower dosage is reduced to only 1/5 of the total and therefore, there are variations in the pressure operation that are acceptable. A particular concave curvature is provided peripherally on elastomer 13A; this curvature makes it possible to prevent the elastomer from tending to detach from the plates under load, especially in areas intermediate sides, in the periphery.

Le système de compensation décrit ci-dessus peut s'appliquer aussi au moulage de briquettes à double couche ou d'autres produits agglomérés. Dans ces cas, il faudra adapter l'élasticité de l'élastomère, en tenant compte des pressions de moulage spécifiques à chaque cas.The compensation system described above can also be applied to molding of double layer briquettes or other agglomerated products. In these cases, it will be necessary to adapt the elasticity of the elastomer, taking into account the Molding pressures specific to each case.

Il est bien entendu que le dessin ne représente qu'un exemple fourni seulement à titre de démonstration pratique de l'invention, cette invention pouvant varier dans les formes et dispositions sans toutefois sortir du cadre du concept de l'invention elle-même.It is understood that the drawing represents only one example provided only as a practical demonstration of the invention, this invention may vary in forms and provisions without departing from the scope of the concept of the invention itself.

Claims (2)

  1. System for the compensation of dosing errors in the cavities of multi-moulds of presses for briquettes made of cement, especially of the monolayer type, having a pressure platen (7) under which several dies (9) are provided, each die (9) being provided with a structure comprising two plates (13B, 13C) between which said elastomeric layer is sandwiched, characterized in that said elastomeric layer (13A) is vulcanized to said plates and that each elastomeric layer at its periphery presents a waist which compensates the bulging of the elastomeric material caused by the pressing operation.
  2. System for compensation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises bolts (19A) which traverse with a play the unit (13) comprising the elastomer (13A) and which mechanically connect the components of the mould with each other, even in case the elastomer should become detached from one of said plates.
EP20020425135 2001-03-16 2002-03-11 System for the compensation of dosing errors in multi-cavity briquetting presses en particulier for single-layer briquettes or the like Expired - Lifetime EP1240998B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITFI010043 2001-03-16
ITFI20010043 ITFI20010043A1 (en) 2001-03-16 2001-03-16 DOSING ERRORS COMPENSATION SYSTEM ON PRESSES FOR MULTIPLE IMPRESSION TILES, ESPECIALLY FOR SINGLE-LAYER OR SIMILAR TILES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1240998A2 EP1240998A2 (en) 2002-09-18
EP1240998A3 EP1240998A3 (en) 2003-07-09
EP1240998B1 true EP1240998B1 (en) 2005-09-28

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EP (1) EP1240998B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60206311T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2246383T3 (en)
IT (1) ITFI20010043A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20121558A1 (en) * 2012-09-19 2014-03-20 Martinelli Ettore Srl DIE FOR TILES AND THE LIKE
DE102014112325B4 (en) * 2014-08-27 2016-12-22 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Press forming tool with tolerance compensation
IT202000016021A1 (en) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-02 Millutensil S R L PRESSING APPARATUS

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1546376A (en) * 1925-04-11 1925-07-21 Atlas Powder Co Device for insuring uniform pressure upon explosive charges
FR919258A (en) * 1945-12-21 1947-03-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Balancing device for multiple punch press
FR1098744A (en) * 1954-01-29 1955-08-18 Alsacienne D Explosifs Et D Ap Device for pressure balancing in a multiple punch press
US4401614A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-08-30 Ptx-Pentronix, Inc. Anvil assembly for a powder-compacting anvil press
DK157236C (en) * 1987-02-23 1990-04-30 Kvm Industrimaskiner THE PROCEDURE AND INSTALLATION FOR THE PREPARATION OF CONCRETE GOODS LIKE THE BLOCK IN A CELL-SHARED CAST

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DE60206311D1 (en) 2006-02-09
EP1240998A2 (en) 2002-09-18
ES2246383T3 (en) 2006-02-16
ITFI20010043A1 (en) 2002-09-16
DE60206311T2 (en) 2006-06-29
EP1240998A3 (en) 2003-07-09

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