EP1236380B1 - Plasma nozzle - Google Patents
Plasma nozzle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1236380B1 EP1236380B1 EP00990703A EP00990703A EP1236380B1 EP 1236380 B1 EP1236380 B1 EP 1236380B1 EP 00990703 A EP00990703 A EP 00990703A EP 00990703 A EP00990703 A EP 00990703A EP 1236380 B1 EP1236380 B1 EP 1236380B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- channel
- plasma
- housing
- slot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3468—Vortex generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3478—Geometrical details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plasma nozzle for the treatment of Surfaces, in particular for the pretreatment of Plastic surfaces, with a tubular, electric conductive housing, one of a working gas flowed through nozzle channel forms, and a High frequency generator for applying a voltage between the electrode and the housing.
- a plasma nozzle of this type is described in DE 195 32 412 A1 described and serves, for example, Pre-treat plastic surfaces so that applying of adhesives, inks and the like on the Plastic surface allows or easier.
- a such pretreatment is required because Plastic surfaces in the normal state not with Liquids are wettable and therefore the printing ink or do not accept the adhesive.
- the surface structure of the plastic is changed so that the surface for liquids with relatively large Surface tension is wetted. The surface tension the fluids with which the surface just barely is a measure of the quality of the Pretreatment.
- the plasma nozzle is a relatively cool, but highly reactive plasma jet reached, the about the shape and dimensions of a candle flame has and thus also the pretreatment of profile parts with relatively deep relief allowed. Because of the high Reactivity of the plasma jet is sufficient for a very short time Pre-treatment, so that the workpiece with correspondingly high Speed past the plasma jet are passed can. Due to the comparatively low temperature of the Plasma jet is therefore also the pretreatment of heat-sensitive plastics possible. There no Counter electrode on the back of the workpiece is required, the surfaces of any thick, block-like workpieces, hollow bodies and be easily pretreated. For one uniform treatment of larger surfaces is in the mentioned publication a battery of several offset plasma nozzles have been proposed. In However, this case is a relatively high apparatus Effort required.
- the object of the invention is therefore to a plasma nozzle which defies a very compact construction Larger surface treatment of workpiece surfaces allows.
- This task is characterized by a plasma nozzle of the type mentioned solved that the outlet of the nozzle channel as transverse to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle channel extending narrow slot is formed.
- the working gas in the nozzle channel be twisted.
- the twisted plasma jet can be with the help of the outlet slot fan-shaped. At most, the twisting leads to a minor S-shaped distortion of the fan when facing the mouth frontal the plasma nozzle looks.
- the intensity distribution of the plasma along the length of the slot can be, for example thereby controlling that the width of the slot varies over the length becomes.
- This arrangement is particularly simply connect when the mouth of the nozzle channel including the Slot and the cross channel through a separate mouthpiece of insulating Material (ceramic) or preferably made of metal is formed in the mouth of the housing is pressed or screwed.
- the transverse channel is open at both ends, and these open ends are surrounded only with a certain distance from the walls of the housing, so that a part of the plasma can escape at the ends of the transverse channel and then deflected by the housing walls obliquely in the direction of the workpiece becomes.
- the plasma compartment will then be particularly intense at both edges Boundary rays limited, which pull apart the fan formally. hereby can be the shape of the fan and the intensity distribution of the plasma jet within the fan, for example, adjust so that the downstream Edge of the plasma fan assumes a concave shape, so that the fan a Dovetail resembles.
- the outer jacket of the housing of the plasma nozzle on both sides the plane of the fan auxiliary air to be supplied.
- the outer surface of the housing of the plasma nozzle in the mouth region not conical, but is prism-shaped, so that two flat surfaces are formed, which converge to the plane of the fan.
- the plasma nozzle shown in the drawing has a tubular housing 10, the one elongated, conically tapered at the bottom nozzle channel 12 forms.
- the nozzle channel 12 is an electrically insulating ceramic tube 14 used.
- a working gas, such as air, is from the drawing fed into the upper end of the nozzle channel 12 and with the aid of an in the ceramic tube 14 used twisting device 16 so twisted that it is vortex-shaped flows through the nozzle channel 12, as in the drawing by a helical arrow is symbolized.
- a vortex core extending along the axis of the housing.
- a pin-shaped electrode 18 is mounted, which is coaxial projects into the nozzle channel 12 and to the by means of a high voltage generator 20 a high-frequency AC voltage is applied.
- High frequency generator 20 generated voltage is of the order of a few kilovolts and has, for example, a frequency of the order of 20 kHz.
- the metal housing 10 is grounded and serves as a counter electrode, such that an electrical discharge between the electrode 18 and the housing 10 can be caused.
- a corona discharge at the swirl device 16 and the electrode 18.
- This corona discharge is a Arc discharge from the electrode 18 to the housing 10 ignited.
- the arc 22 of this discharge is taken by the twisted inflowing working gas and channeled at the core of the vortex-shaped gas flow, so that the Arc then almost straight from the top of the electrode 18 along the Housing axis extends and only in the region of the mouth of the housing 10th branched radially on the housing wall.
- a cylindrical mouthpiece 24 made of copper used In the mouth of the housing 10 is a cylindrical mouthpiece 24 made of copper used, the axially inner end rests against a shoulder 26 of the housing.
- the conically tapered end of the nozzle channel 12 settles in the mouthpiece 24 continuous, with the same or slightly changed cone angle.
- the arc 22 branches within the mouthpiece 24 on the conical walls of the mouthpiece.
- the mouthpiece 24 has at the free, in Figure 1 lower end of a section 28th with a reduced diameter, with the peripheral wall of the housing 10th forms an open in the mouth direction annular channel 30.
- the conically tapered Tip of the nozzle channel 12 opens into a transverse channel 32 through a Cross hole is formed in the section 28 and at both ends to the Ring channel 30 is open towards.
- This transverse channel 32 according to Figure 2 a has circular cross-section, closes axially a narrower, diametrically through the mouthpiece extending slot 34 which, to the end face of the mouthpiece is open.
- the swirling through the nozzle channel 12 flowing working gas comes in the vortex core in intimate contact with the arc 22, so that a highly reactive Plasma is produced at a relatively low temperature.
- This plasma is distributed in the transverse channel 32 and then enters partly through the slot 34 and partly also through the open ends of the transverse channel 32 and the annular channel 30 from the plasma nozzle.
- a plasma jet 36 in the form of a flat fan generated in the edge regions 38 a greater density and a greater flow velocity than near the nozzle axis having.
- the range of the plasma jet 36 at the edges is greater as in the middle, so that the downstream edge 40 of the plasma jet a has concave curvature and thus the subjects overall the shape of a Swallowtail accepts.
- This shape of the plasma jet ensures that the plasma jet fits snugly against the workpiece, not shown.
- Figure 3 shows a modified embodiment in which the annular channel and the transverse channel are absent and at the mouthpiece at the free end is bounded on both sides of the slot 34 by inclined surfaces with corresponding inclined surfaces of the housing 10 are flush.
- the housing 10 is here surrounded by an air distributor 42, by the auxiliary air 44 parallel to the inclined surfaces of the housing and the mouthpiece 24 from both sides blown out of the slot 34 plasma jet 36 is blown to the fan-shaped plasma jet to bundle and premature expansion of this To prevent plasma jet in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the fan direction.
- the auxiliary air also makes intimate contact with the plasma jet supported with the surface of the workpiece.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Plasmadüse zur Behandlung von Oberflächen, insbesondere zur Vorbehandlung von Kunststoffoberflächen, mit einem rohrförmigen, elektrisch leitfähigen Gehäuse, das einen von einem Arbeitsgas durchströmten Düsenkanal bildet, und einem Hochfrequenzgenerator zum Anlegen einer Spannung zwischen der Elektrode und dem Gehäuse.The invention relates to a plasma nozzle for the treatment of Surfaces, in particular for the pretreatment of Plastic surfaces, with a tubular, electric conductive housing, one of a working gas flowed through nozzle channel forms, and a High frequency generator for applying a voltage between the electrode and the housing.
Eine Plasmadüse dieser Art wird in DE 195 32 412 A1 beschrieben und dient beispielsweise dazu, Kunststoffoberflächen so vorzubehandeln, dass ein Auftragen von Klebstoffen, Druckfarben und dergleichen auf die Kunststoffoberfläche ermöglicht oder erleichtert wird. Eine solche Vorbehandlung ist erforderlich, da Kunststoffoberflächen im Normalzustand nicht mit Flüssigkeiten benetzbar sind und deshalb die Druckfarbe oder den Klebstoff nicht annehmen. Durch die Vorbehandlung wird die Oberflächenstruktur des Kunststoffs so verändert, dass die Oberfläche für Flüssigkeiten mit relativ großer Oberflächenspannung benetzbar wird. Die Oberflächenspannung der Flüssigkeiten, mit denen die Oberfläche gerade noch benetzbar ist, stellt ein Maß für die Qualität der Vorbehandlung dar.A plasma nozzle of this type is described in DE 195 32 412 A1 described and serves, for example, Pre-treat plastic surfaces so that applying of adhesives, inks and the like on the Plastic surface allows or easier. A such pretreatment is required because Plastic surfaces in the normal state not with Liquids are wettable and therefore the printing ink or do not accept the adhesive. By the pretreatment the surface structure of the plastic is changed so that the surface for liquids with relatively large Surface tension is wetted. The surface tension the fluids with which the surface just barely is a measure of the quality of the Pretreatment.
Durch die bekannte Plasmadüse wird ein verhältnismäßig kühler, jedoch hochreaktiver Plasmastrahl erreicht, der etwa die Gestalt und die Abmessungen einer Kerzenflamme hat und somit auch die Vorbehandlung von Profilteilen mit verhältnismäßig tiefem Relief gestattet. Aufgrund der hohen Reaktivität des Plasmastrahls genügt eine sehr kurzzeitige Vorbehandlung, so dass das Werkstück mit entsprechend hoher Geschwindigkeit an dem Plasmastrahl vorbeigeführt werden kann. Aufgrund der vergleichsweise niedrigen Temperatur des Plasmastrahls ist daher auch die Vorbehandlung von wärmeempfindlichen Kunststoffen möglich. Da keine Gegenelektrode auf der Rückseite des Werkstücks erforderlich ist, können auch die Oberflächen von beliebig dicken, blockartigen Werkstücken, Hohlkörpern und dergleichen problemlos vorbehandelt werden. Für eine gleichmäßige Behandlung größerer Oberflächen ist in der genannten Veröffentlichung eine Batterie aus mehreren versetzt angeordneten Plasmadüsen vorgeschlagen worden. In diesem Fall ist jedoch ein relativ hoher apparativer Aufwand erforderlich.By the known plasma nozzle is a relatively cool, but highly reactive plasma jet reached, the about the shape and dimensions of a candle flame has and thus also the pretreatment of profile parts with relatively deep relief allowed. Because of the high Reactivity of the plasma jet is sufficient for a very short time Pre-treatment, so that the workpiece with correspondingly high Speed past the plasma jet are passed can. Due to the comparatively low temperature of the Plasma jet is therefore also the pretreatment of heat-sensitive plastics possible. There no Counter electrode on the back of the workpiece is required, the surfaces of any thick, block-like workpieces, hollow bodies and be easily pretreated. For one uniform treatment of larger surfaces is in the mentioned publication a battery of several offset plasma nozzles have been proposed. In However, this case is a relatively high apparatus Effort required.
Weitere Plasmaquellen sind aus der GB 969 831 A, der US 5,628,924 A und der DE 26 42 649 A bekannt, deren Strahlgeometrien ebenfalls keine gleichmäßige Behandlung größerer Oberflächen erlauben.Further plasma sources are known from GB 969 831 A, which US 5,628,924 A and DE 26 42 649 A known, whose Beam geometries also no uniform treatment allow larger surfaces.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es deshalb, eine Plasmadüse zu schaffen, die trotzt eines sehr kompakten Aufbaus eine großflächigere Behandlung von Werkstückoberflächen ermöglicht.The object of the invention is therefore to a plasma nozzle which defies a very compact construction Larger surface treatment of workpiece surfaces allows.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Plasmadüse der Eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß der Auslaß des Düsenkanals als quer zur Längsachse des Düsenkanals verlaufender schmaler Schlitz ausgebildet ist.This task is characterized by a plasma nozzle of the type mentioned solved that the outlet of the nozzle channel as transverse to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle channel extending narrow slot is formed.
Überraschend hat sich gezeigt, daß durch die Verwendung eines solchen Auslaßschlitzes die Geometrie des Plasmastrahls wirksam verändert werden kann. Der Plasmastrahl hat nicht mehr die Form einer Kerzenflamme, sondern erfährt innerhalb des Schlitzes eine extreme Aufweitung, so daß eine großflächige und dennoch gleichmäßige Plasmabehandlung der Werkstückoberfläche ermöglicht wird. Wenn sich eine ausgedehnte Werkstückoberfläche vor der Mündung der Plasmadüse befindet, so strömt das Plasma an den divergierenden Rändern des Fächers nach außen ab, und im Inneren des Fächers bildet sich ein Unterdruck. mit dem Ergebnis, daß sich der fächerförmige Plasmastrahl förmlich an das Werkstück "ansaugt", so daß die Werkstückoberfläche in innigen Kontakt mit dem reaktiven Plasma kommt und somit eine sehr wirksame Oberflächenbehandlung erreicht wird.Surprisingly, it has been found that by the use of such Auslaßschlitzes the geometry of the plasma jet can be effectively changed. The plasma jet no longer has the shape of a candle flame, but experiences within the slot an extreme widening, so that a large area and nevertheless allows uniform plasma treatment of the workpiece surface becomes. If an extended workpiece surface in front of the mouth of the Plasma nozzle is located, so the plasma flows at the divergent edges of the Fan outward, and inside the fan forms a negative pressure. with the result that the fan-shaped plasma jet formally attached to the Workpiece "sucks", so that the workpiece surface in intimate contact with The reactive plasma comes and thus a very effective surface treatment is reached.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Wie bei der herkömmlichen Plasmadüse kann das Arbeitsgas im Düsenkanal verdrallt werden. Auch der verdrallte Plasmastrahl läßt sich mit Hilfe des Auslaßschlitzes fächerförmig aufweiten. Allenfalls führt die Verdrallung zu einer geringfügigen S-förmigen Verzerrung des Fächers, wenn man frontal auf die Mündung der Plasmadüse blickt.As with the conventional plasma nozzle, the working gas in the nozzle channel be twisted. Also, the twisted plasma jet can be with the help of the outlet slot fan-shaped. At most, the twisting leads to a minor S-shaped distortion of the fan when facing the mouth frontal the plasma nozzle looks.
Die Intensitätsverteilung des Plasmas auf der Länge des Schlitzes läßt sich beispielsweise dadurch steuern, daß die Breite des Schlitzes über die Länge variiert wird. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist jedoch unmittelbar stromaufwärts des Schlitzes ein parallel zu diesem Schlitz verlaufender Querkanal mit größerem Querschnitt angeordnet, in dem sich das Plasma verteilen kann, bevor es in den eigentlichen Auslaßschlitz eintritt. Diese Anordnung läßt sich besonders einfach herstellen, wenn die Mündung des Düsenkanals einschließlich des Schlitzes und des Querkanals durch ein separates Mundstück aus isolierendem Material (Keramik) oder vorzugsweise aus Metall gebildet wird, das in die Mündung des Gehäuses eingepreßt oder eingeschraubt wird.The intensity distribution of the plasma along the length of the slot can be, for example thereby controlling that the width of the slot varies over the length becomes. In a preferred embodiment, however, is immediately upstream of the slot with a parallel to this slot extending transverse channel larger cross section, in which the plasma can spread before it enters the actual outlet slot. This arrangement is particularly simply connect when the mouth of the nozzle channel including the Slot and the cross channel through a separate mouthpiece of insulating Material (ceramic) or preferably made of metal is formed in the mouth of the housing is pressed or screwed.
Bevorzugt ist der Querkanal an beiden Enden offen, und diese offenen Enden sind nur mit gewissem Abstand von den Wänden des Gehäuses umgeben, so daß ein Teil des Plasmas an den Enden aus dem Querkanal austreten kann und dann durch die Gehäusewände schräg in Richtung auf das Werkstück abgelenkt wird. Der Plasmafächer wird dann an beiden Rändern durch besonders intensive Randstrahlen begrenzt, die den Fächer förmlich auseinanderziehen. Hierdurch läßt sich die Form des Fächers und die Intensitätsverteilung des Plasmastrahls innerhalb des Fächers beispielsweise so einstellen, daß der stromabwärtige Rand des Plasmafächers eine konkave Form annimmt, so daß der Fächer einem Schwalbenschwanz ähnelt. Dies ist besonders günstig beim Vorbehandeln von konvex gewölbten, beispielsweise zylindrischen Werkstücken, erweist sich jedoch auch beim Vorbehandeln von flachen Werkstücken als vorteilhaft, weil so in den Randbereichen des Fächers der größere Weg. den das Plasma bis zum Werkstück zurücklegen muß, durch eine entsprechend größere Intensität des Plasmastrahls ausgeglichen wird. Durch Variieren der Tiefe, in der die offenen Enden des Querkanals im Gehäuse der Plasmadüse zurückliegen, läßt sich die Kontur des Fächers variieren, so daß bei Bedarf beispielsweise auch eine konvexe Krümmung des stromabwärtigen Randes des Fächers erreichbar ist.Preferably, the transverse channel is open at both ends, and these open ends are surrounded only with a certain distance from the walls of the housing, so that a part of the plasma can escape at the ends of the transverse channel and then deflected by the housing walls obliquely in the direction of the workpiece becomes. The plasma compartment will then be particularly intense at both edges Boundary rays limited, which pull apart the fan formally. hereby can be the shape of the fan and the intensity distribution of the plasma jet within the fan, for example, adjust so that the downstream Edge of the plasma fan assumes a concave shape, so that the fan a Dovetail resembles. This is particularly favorable when pretreating of convex, for example, cylindrical workpieces, proves However, even when pretreating flat workpieces as advantageous because so in the peripheral areas of the fan the larger way. the plasma until the Workpiece must be covered by a correspondingly greater intensity of the Plasma jet is balanced. By varying the depth in which the open Ends of the transverse channel lie in the housing of the plasma nozzle, can be the Contour of the fan vary, so that if necessary, for example, a convex Curvature of the downstream edge of the fan is achievable.
Um den Fächer in der zur Fächerebene senkrechten Richtung stärker zu bündeln, kann am Außenmantel des Gehäuses der Plasmadüse auf beiden Seiten der Ebene des Fächers Hilfsluft zugeführt werden. In diesem Fall kann es zweckmäßig sein, wenn die Außenfläche des Gehäuses der Plasmadüse im Mündungsbereich nicht konisch, sondern prismenförmig ausgebildet ist, so daß zwei flache Oberflächen gebildet werden, die zur Ebene des Fächers konvergieren.To concentrate the fan more in the direction perpendicular to the fan plane, can on the outer jacket of the housing of the plasma nozzle on both sides the plane of the fan auxiliary air to be supplied. In this case it can be expedient if the outer surface of the housing of the plasma nozzle in the mouth region not conical, but is prism-shaped, so that two flat surfaces are formed, which converge to the plane of the fan.
Im folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.In the following, embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing explained in more detail.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen axialen Schnitt durch die Plasmadüse;
- Fig. 2
- einen axialen Schnitt durch die Plasmadüse in der zur Schnittebene in Fig. 1 senkrechten Richtung: und
- Fig. 3
- einen Schnitt analog zu Fig. 2 für eine andere Ausführungsform.
- Fig. 1
- an axial section through the plasma nozzle;
- Fig. 2
- an axial section through the plasma nozzle in the direction perpendicular to the sectional plane in Fig. 1 direction: and
- Fig. 3
- a section analogous to FIG. 2 for another embodiment.
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Plasmadüse weist ein rohrförmiges Gehäuse
10 auf, das einen langgestreckten, am unteren Ende konisch verjüngten Düsenkanal
12 bildet. In den Düsenkanal 12 ist ein elektrisch isolierendes Keramikrohr
14 eingesetzt. Ein Arbeitsgas, beispielsweise Luft, wird vom in der Zeichnung
oberen Ende her in den Düsenkanal 12 zugeführt und mit Hilfe einer in
das Keramikrohr 14 eingesetzten Dralleinrichtung 16 so verdrallt, daß es wirbelförmig
durch den Düsenkanal 12 strömt, wie in der Zeichnung durch einen
schraubenförmigen Pfeil symbolisiert wird. In dem Düsenkanal 12 entsteht so
ein Wirbelkern, der längs der Achse des Gehäuses verläuft.The plasma nozzle shown in the drawing has a
An der Dralleinrichtung 16 ist eine stiftförmige Elektrode 18 montiert, die koaxial
in den Düsenkanal 12 ragt und an die mit Hilfe eines Hochspannungsgenerators
20 eine hochfrequente Wechselspannung angelegt wird. Die mit Hilfe des
Hochfrequenzgenerators 20 erzeugte Spannung liegt in der Größenordnung von
einigen Kilovolt und hat beispielsweise eine Frequenz in der Größenordnung von
20 kHz.On the
Das aus Metall bestehende Gchäuse 10 ist geerdet und dient als Gegenelektrode,
so daß eine elektrische Entladung zwischen der Elektrode 18 und dem Gehäuse
10 hervorgerufen werden kann. Beim Einschalten der Spannung kommt
es aufgrund der hohen Frequenz der Wechselspannung und aufgrund der Dielektrizität
des Keramikrohrs 14 zunächst zu einer Koronaentladung an der Dralleinrichtung
16 und der Elektrode 18. Durch diese Koronaentladung wird eine
Bogenentladung von der Elektrode 18 zum Gehäuse 10 gezündet. Der Lichtbogen
22 dieser Entladung wird durch das verdrallt einströmende Arbeitsgas mitgenommen
und im Kern der wirbelförmigen Gasströmung kanalisiert, so daß der
Lichtbogen dann nahezu geradlinig von der Spitze der Elektrode 18 längs der
Gehäuseachse verläuft und sich erst im Bereich der Mündung des Gehäuses 10
radial auf die Gehäusewand verzweigt.The
In die Mündung des Gehäuses 10 ist ein zylindrisches Mundstück 24 aus Kupfer
eingesetzt, dessen axial inneres Ende an einer Schulter 26 des Gehäuses anliegt.
Das konisch verjüngte Ende des Düsenkanals 12 setzt sich in dem Mundstück
24 stetig, mit gleichem oder leicht geändertem Kegelwinkel fort. Der Lichtbogen
22 verzweigt sich innerhalb des Mundstücks 24 auf die konischen Wände
des Mundstücks.In the mouth of the
Das Mundstück 24 weist am freien, in Figur 1 unteren Ende einen Abschnitt 28
mit reduziertem Durchmesser auf, der mit der Umfangswand des Gehäuses 10
einen in Mündungsrichtung offenen Ringkanal 30 bildet. Die konisch verjüngte
Spitze des Düsenkanals 12 mündet in einen Querkanal 32, der durch eine
Querbohrung in dem Abschnitt 28 gebildet wird und an beiden Enden zu dem
Ringkanal 30 hin offen ist. An diesen Querkanal 32, der gemäß Figur 2 einen
kreisförmigen Querschnitt hat, schließt sich axial ein schmalerer, diametral
durch das Mundstück verlaufender Schlitz 34 an, der zur Stirnfläche des Mundstücks
offen ist.The
Das drallförmig durch den Düsenkanal 12 strömende Arbeitsgas kommt im Wirbelkern
in innige Berührung mit dem Lichtbogen 22, so daß ein hochreaktives
Plasma mit relativ niedriger Temperatur erzeugt wird. Dieses Plasma verteilt sich
im Querkanal 32 und tritt dann zum Teil durch den Schlitz 34 und zum Teil
auch durch die offenen Enden des Querkanals 32 und den Ringkanal 30 aus
der Plasmadüse aus. Auf diese Weise wird ein Plasmastrahl 36 in der Form eines
flachen Fächers erzeugt, der in den Randbereichen 38 eine größere Dichte
und eine größere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit als in der Nähe der Düsenachse
aufweist. Somit ist die Reichweite des Plasmastrahls 36 an den Rändern größer
als in der Mitte, so daß der stromabwärtige Rand 40 des Plasmastrahls eine
konkave Krümmung aufweist und somit der Fächer insgesamt die Form eines
Schwalbenschwanzes annimmt. Diese Form des Plasmastrahls stellt sicher, daß
sich der Plasmastrahl gut an das nicht gezeigte Werkstück anschmiegt.The swirling through the
Figur 3 zeigt eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform, bei der der Ringkanal und
der Querkanal nicht vorhanden sind und bei der das Mundstück am freien Ende
auf beiden Seiten des Schlitzes 34 durch Schrägflächen begrenzt wird, die mit
entsprechenden Schrägflächen des Gehäuses 10 bündig sind. Das Gehäuse 10
ist hier von einem Luftverteiler 42 umgeben, durch den Hilfsluft 44 parallel zu
den Schrägflächen des Gehäuses und des Mundstücks 24 von beiden Seiten auf
den aus dem Schlitz 34 austretenden Plasmastrahl 36 geblasen wird, um den
fächerförmigen Plasmastrahl zu bündeln und eine vorzeitige Aufweitung dieses
Plasmastrahls in der zur Ebene des Fächers senkrechten Richtung zu verhindern.
Zugleich wird durch die Hilfsluft auch eine innige Berührung des Plasmastrahls
mit der Oberfläche des Werkstücks unterstützt.Figure 3 shows a modified embodiment in which the annular channel and
the transverse channel are absent and at the mouthpiece at the free end
is bounded on both sides of the
Claims (10)
- A plasma nozzle for surface treatment, comprising: a tubular, electrically conductive housing (10) which forms a nozzle channel (12) through which a working gas flows, an electrode (18) disposed coaxially in the nozzle channel, and a high-frequency generator (20) for applying a voltage between the electrode (18) and the housing, characterized in that said outlet of said nozzle channel (12) is constructed as a slot (34) which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle channel.
- The plasma nozzle of claim 1, wherein the housing (10) includes a twisting device (16) which twists the working gas in the nozzle channel (12).
- The plasma nozzle of claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle channel (12) discharges into a transverse channel (32), which extends parallel to the slot (34) and is, in turn, connected with the slot (34).
- The plasma nozzle of claim 3, wherein the nozzle channel (12) tapers conically at the outlet and is connected only in a central region of the transverse channel (32) with this transverse channel.
- The plasma nozzle of claim 3 or 4, wherein the transverse channel (32) is open at opposite ends thereof.
- The plasma nozzle of claim 5, wherein inner walls of the housing (10) at an outlet end of the plasma nozzle are at a distance from the open ends of the transverse channel (32) and deflect the plasma, emerging from these ends, towards a side of the slot (34).
- The plasma nozzle of claim 6, wherein the ends of the transverse channel (32) discharge into an annular channel (30), which is bounded by the housing (10) and is open towards the same side as the slot (34).
- The plasma nozzle according to any of the above mentioned claims, wherein the slot (34) and the outlet of the nozzle channel (12) are formed in a mouthpiece (24), which is inserted into the end of the housing (10) .
- The plasma nozzle of claim 8, wherein the mouthpiece (24) is made of metal.
- The plasma nozzle of claim 1, further comprising an air distributor (42) mounted outside of the housing (10), which directs auxiliary air (44) in a converging manner in a direction at right angles to a plane of the slot (34) onto the plasma jet (36) emerging from the slot (34).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29921694U | 1999-12-09 | ||
| DE29921694U DE29921694U1 (en) | 1999-12-09 | 1999-12-09 | Plasma nozzle |
| PCT/EP2000/012501 WO2001043512A1 (en) | 1999-12-09 | 2000-12-11 | Plasma nozzle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1236380A1 EP1236380A1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
| EP1236380B1 true EP1236380B1 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
Family
ID=8082755
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00990703A Expired - Lifetime EP1236380B1 (en) | 1999-12-09 | 2000-12-11 | Plasma nozzle |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6677550B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1236380B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3838914B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE290303T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE29921694U1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1236380T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2237491T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001043512A1 (en) |
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| US7875356B2 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2011-01-25 | Basf Se | Composite element, especially a window pane |
| WO2011107510A1 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-09 | Plasmatreat Gmbh | Method for producing a packaging |
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| DE2642649A1 (en) | 1976-09-22 | 1978-03-23 | Nuc Weld Gmbh | Plasma burner for underwater welding - where plasma jet is surrounded by high velocity water or gas curtain |
| JP2591371Y2 (en) * | 1993-02-24 | 1999-03-03 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Plasma arc torch |
| US5679167A (en) * | 1994-08-18 | 1997-10-21 | Sulzer Metco Ag | Plasma gun apparatus for forming dense, uniform coatings on large substrates |
| DE19532412C2 (en) * | 1995-09-01 | 1999-09-30 | Agrodyn Hochspannungstechnik G | Device for surface pretreatment of workpieces |
| US6227846B1 (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 2001-05-08 | Shrinkfast Corporation | Heat gun with high performance jet pump and quick change attachments |
| DE19820240C2 (en) * | 1998-05-06 | 2002-07-11 | Erbe Elektromedizin | Electrosurgical instrument |
-
1999
- 1999-12-09 DE DE29921694U patent/DE29921694U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-12-11 DK DK00990703T patent/DK1236380T3/en active
- 2000-12-11 EP EP00990703A patent/EP1236380B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-11 US US10/148,551 patent/US6677550B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-11 DE DE50009671T patent/DE50009671D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-11 ES ES00990703T patent/ES2237491T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-12-11 JP JP2001543080A patent/JP3838914B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-11 AT AT00990703T patent/ATE290303T1/en active
- 2000-12-11 WO PCT/EP2000/012501 patent/WO2001043512A1/en active Search and Examination
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7875356B2 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2011-01-25 | Basf Se | Composite element, especially a window pane |
| WO2011107510A1 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-09 | Plasmatreat Gmbh | Method for producing a packaging |
| DE102010055532A1 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2011-12-15 | Plasma Treat Gmbh | A method for producing a multilayer packaging material and method for applying an adhesive, and apparatus therefor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020179575A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
| DK1236380T3 (en) | 2005-05-30 |
| DE50009671D1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
| EP1236380A1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
| US6677550B2 (en) | 2004-01-13 |
| ATE290303T1 (en) | 2005-03-15 |
| WO2001043512A1 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
| JP2003518317A (en) | 2003-06-03 |
| DE29921694U1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| JP3838914B2 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
| ES2237491T3 (en) | 2005-08-01 |
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