CN117265628A - High-voltage jet electrolytic machining device and method based on plasma discharge - Google Patents
High-voltage jet electrolytic machining device and method based on plasma discharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN117265628A CN117265628A CN202311208649.8A CN202311208649A CN117265628A CN 117265628 A CN117265628 A CN 117265628A CN 202311208649 A CN202311208649 A CN 202311208649A CN 117265628 A CN117265628 A CN 117265628A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 49
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/02—Etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a high voltage jet electrolytic machining device and method based on plasma discharge, the device comprising: a workpiece loading table for loading a workpiece to be processed; the spray nozzle is arranged corresponding to the workpiece loading table and used for spraying working fluid to the workpiece loading table, a working fluid channel is arranged in the spray nozzle, two ends of the working fluid channel are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a dot-shaped protruding part is formed on the periphery of the liquid outlet in a protruding mode in the spraying direction of the working fluid. The method is realized by the device. The method has the advantages of good processing surface quality, high processing efficiency and easiness in implementation.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, in particular to a high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device and method based on plasma discharge.
Background
The micro-pit structure is widely applied to friction pairs such as engine cylinder walls, sliding bearings, piston rings and the like, and plays a great role in reducing energy loss, improving engine tightness and the like. With the development of advanced manufacturing technology, surface texture has been widely used in dynamic sealing, friction and wear of moving parts. Researches show that the lubricating oil film formed by processing the micro-shape surface texture on the sealing end surface can remarkably improve the lubricating performance and bearing capacity of the sealing element and increase the sealing performance of the sealing element.
The conventional surface texture processing technology is mainly four, namely an abrasive grain jet processing technology, an electric spark processing technology, a laser processing technology and an electrolytic processing technology. The abrasive grain jet machining technology mainly uses high-pressure air flow to drive tiny abrasive grains to impact the surface of a workpiece so as to form a surface micro-texture structure. The electric spark machining technology is to make the workpiece melt locally or vaporize to eliminate it in insulating medium by means of the electrothermal effect of pulse spark discharge between positive and negative electrodes to form surface micro-texture. The laser processing technology mainly uses laser equipment to focus laser beams through a lens and irradiate the laser beams to a processing area on the surface of a workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece is melted, vaporized or evaporated by high temperature generated by the laser, so that materials on the surface of the workpiece are removed to form a micro-texture structure. The electrolytic machining technology is to press electrolytic solution with high pressure into a sealed capillary tube mounted on a special sleeve, then shoot the electrolytic solution from the end of the capillary tube to a workpiece at high speed, load high direct current voltage on a tool cathode and a workpiece anode, and remove the surface material of the workpiece through electrochemical anode dissolution to form a micro-texture structure.
The four common surface texture processing technologies have high requirements on the hardness of the abrasive by the abrasive particle jet processing technology, and the abrasive easily causes large-size fragments on the surface of the workpiece, so that the surface roughness of the workpiece is affected, and the surface processing quality of the workpiece is reduced. The electric spark machining technology can form a hot casting layer and microcracks on the surface of a workpiece, so that the service life of the workpiece is influenced, the working quality of the surface of the workpiece is reduced, and the used electrode is difficult to prepare and easy to deform and consume. The laser processing technology uses high price laser equipment, and the processed micropores have large surface roughness and poor roundness, and can easily form a horn mouth structure, and microcracks and recast layers can be generated in the processing process. For the electrolytic machining technology, the workpiece is machined mainly through electrochemical dissolution at present, the overall machining efficiency is low, and the machining requirement of a large number of workpieces is difficult to meet.
In summary, the surface texture processing technology commonly used in the prior art has corresponding defects, and the processing scheme which can simultaneously consider the processing quality and the processing efficiency and has small influence on the original performance of the workpiece is an urgent need of those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the disclosure aims to provide a high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device and a method based on plasma discharge. The method has the advantages of good processing surface quality, high processing efficiency and easiness in implementation.
The high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device based on plasma discharge comprises:
a workpiece loading table for loading a workpiece to be processed;
the spray nozzle is arranged corresponding to the workpiece loading table and used for spraying working fluid to the workpiece loading table, a working fluid channel is arranged in the spray nozzle, two ends of the working fluid channel are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a dot-shaped protruding part is formed on the periphery of the liquid outlet in a protruding mode in the spraying direction of the working fluid.
Preferably, a section of the protruding portion away from the liquid outlet is conical, and the diameter of the protruding portion gradually decreases along the spraying direction of the working liquid until the tail end of the protruding portion is in a sharp vertex angle structure.
Preferably, the number of the protruding parts is four, and the four protruding parts are distributed at equal angle intervals around the center of the liquid outlet at the periphery of the liquid outlet.
Preferably, the nozzle sequentially comprises a connecting section, a body section and a necking section along the flowing direction of the working fluid, wherein the connecting section and the body section are hollow cylinders and have the same inner diameter, the outer diameter of the connecting section is smaller than that of the body section, and the outer surface of the connecting section is provided with external threads for installation and positioning;
the necking section is hollow round platform, and the inner diameter of the necking section gradually decreases along the flowing direction of the working fluid.
Preferably, the maximum diameter of the protruding portion is d1, and the inner diameter of the liquid outlet is d2, which satisfies the following conditions:
d1/d2＝0.16～0.25。
preferably, the high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device based on plasma discharge further comprises:
and the positive electrode of the power supply is used for being connected with a workpiece, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with the nozzle.
Preferably, the high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device based on plasma discharge further comprises:
a liquid storage tank for storing working liquid and arranged below the workpiece loading table for receiving the working liquid after electrolytic machining;
one end of the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet of the nozzle;
and the pump piece is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline and is used for providing power.
Preferably, the high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device based on plasma discharge further comprises:
and a lifting platform which is arranged above the workpiece loading platform and is provided with a sleeve which can be lifted up and down, and the nozzle is arranged on the sleeve.
A high-voltage jet electrolytic processing method based on plasma discharge of the present embodiment, using the high-voltage jet electrolytic processing device as described in the claims, comprises the steps of:
fixing a workpiece to be processed on a workpiece loading table;
connecting the nozzle with the negative electrode of the power supply, and connecting the workpiece with the positive electrode of the power supply;
and continuously spraying working fluid to the workpiece through the nozzle to etch the workpiece until the workpiece is machined.
Preferably, the working fluid is a potassium hydroxide solution.
The high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device and method based on plasma discharge have the advantages that the nozzle structure can gather a large amount of negative charges on the protruding part under the condition of high voltage access, a plasma discharge channel is formed by matching with high-speed working liquid ejected from the liquid outlet, the exposed workpiece surface can be etched and removed by high temperature generated by the plasma discharge channel, the etched and removed product can be taken away by high-speed flowing working liquid, and meanwhile, electrochemical reaction of the working liquid and an anode workpiece can be accelerated by the high temperature, so that the machining efficiency is greatly improved.
On the other hand, the electrochemical dissolution reaction of the anode workpiece can continuously trim the processing surface of the workpiece in the processing process, and the processing surface quality of the workpiece can be effectively improved without stress and heat affected zone in the processing process, so that the influence of the processing process on the surface roughness of the workpiece is reduced.
Finally, the equipment disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, loose requirements on the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece, low implementation cost, low requirement on the adjustment precision and easiness in implementation and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a high-voltage jet electrolytic processing device of the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a front view of the nozzle of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the nozzle of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is KOH, naNO 3 Conductivity of three solutions of NaCl is compared.
Reference numerals illustrate: the device comprises a 1-workpiece loading platform, a 2-nozzle, a 2 a-connecting section, a 2 b-body section, a 2 c-necking section, a 21-protruding part, a 3-power supply, a 4-liquid storage tank, a 5-liquid inlet pipeline, a 6-pump, a 7-lifting platform, an 8-workpiece and a 9-working liquid.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-3, a high voltage jet electrolytic machining device based on plasma discharge according to the present disclosure includes:
the workpiece loading table 1 is used for loading a workpiece 8 to be processed, and is usually a table top with a certain height, and clamps are arranged on the table top and used for clamping and fixing two sides of the workpiece 8 so as to expose a middle area of the workpiece 8 to be processed.
A nozzle 2 provided corresponding to the workpiece stage 1 is provided generally above the workpiece stage 1, and is used to spray the working fluid 9 onto the workpiece stage 1. The inside working solution channel that has of nozzle 2, the both ends of working solution 9 are inlet and liquid outlet respectively, and the inlet is used for inputing working solution 9, and the liquid outlet is towards the station that work piece loading platform 1 loaded work piece 8, and the working solution 9 that the inlet flowed in is through the working solution channel, sprays to work piece 8 from the liquid outlet.
As shown in detail in fig. 3, the nozzle 2 has a dot-like convex portion 21 protruding in the spraying direction of the working fluid 9 at the periphery of the liquid outlet.
Further, in this embodiment, a section of the protruding portion 21 away from the liquid outlet is conical, and its diameter gradually decreases along the spraying direction of the working liquid 9, to a tip having a sharp apex angle structure, so that when a high voltage is applied to the nozzle 2, a large amount of negative charges can be accumulated in the protruding portion 21.
Further, in this embodiment, the number of the protrusions 21 is four, and the four protrusions 21 are equally angularly spaced around the center of the liquid outlet at intervals on the periphery of the liquid outlet, so that the negative charges are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the liquid outlet.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 in detail, the nozzle 2 sequentially includes a connection section 2a, a body section 2b and a necking section 2c along the flow direction of the working fluid 9, the connection section 2a and the body section 2b are hollow cylindrical, the working fluid channel is formed inside the connection section 2a and the body section 2b, the inner diameters of the connection section 2a and the body section 2b are equal, the outer diameter of the connection section 2a is smaller than the outer diameter of the body section 2b, the outer surface of the connection section 2a is provided with external threads for mounting and positioning, and the nozzle 2 is mounted and fixed by the external threads of the connection section 2 a.
The necking section 2c is in a hollow round table shape, the inner diameter of the necking section 2c is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of the working fluid 9, specifically, the taper of the necking section 2c is about 15 degrees, so that the cross section diameter of a flow channel of the working fluid 9 becomes smaller when the working fluid 9 flows through the necking section 2c, and the working fluid 9 is conveniently pressurized and sprayed out.
More specifically, the maximum diameter of the boss 21 is d1, the inner diameter of the liquid outlet is d2, and the following conditions are satisfied:
d1/d2＝0.16～0.25。
the size ratio of the protruding part 21 to the liquid outlet is moderate, so that a large amount of negative charges can be accumulated in the protruding part 21, and a stable plasma discharge channel is easy to form between the two electrodes (between the nozzle 2 and the workpiece 8).
Further, in this embodiment, the high-voltage jet electrolytic processing device further includes:
a power source 3, the positive electrode of which is connected to the workpiece 8, and the negative electrode of which is connected to the nozzle 2, for supplying a voltage so that a plasma discharge path is formed between the two electrodes.
Further, in this embodiment, the high-voltage jet electrolytic processing device further includes:
the liquid storage tank 4 is of a tank body structure with an open upper part, the inside of the liquid storage tank is used for storing working liquid 9, the liquid storage tank 4 is arranged below the workpiece loading table 1, and the working liquid 9 sprayed by the nozzle 2 can drop downwards into the liquid storage tank 4 after electrolytic machining is performed on the workpiece 8;
and one end of the liquid inlet pipeline 5 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 4, the other end of the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet of the nozzle 2, and working liquid 9 in the liquid storage tank 4 can flow to the nozzle 2 through the liquid inlet pipeline 5 to be sprayed out.
And the pump part 6 is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline 5 and is used for providing power to pump the working liquid 9 in the liquid storage tank 4 out to the nozzle 2 for pressurized ejection.
Further, in this embodiment, the high-voltage jet electrolytic processing device further includes:
and a lifting platform 7 provided above the workpiece loading table 1 and having a sleeve which can be lifted in the up-down direction, the nozzle 2 being mounted on the sleeve.
Specifically, the lifting platform 7 may be a conventional lifting platform, which is matched with a screw nut to realize vertical sliding of the working platform, and the working platform may be adjusted by rotating the screw rod, the inner diameter of the sleeve is adapted to the outer diameter of the connecting section 2a of the nozzle 2, and the sleeve is provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread of the connecting section 2a, and the nozzle 2 and the sleeve are screwed together by threads to facilitate installation and disassembly. The lifting platform 7 can adjust the height of the nozzle 2 so as to adjust the distance between the nozzle 2 and the workpiece 8 according to the processing requirement.
The operation of the high-voltage jet electrolytic processing device of the present embodiment will be fully described below in conjunction with the above description:
the workpiece 8 to be processed is fixed on the workpiece loading table 1, the distance between the tail end of the nozzle 2 and the upper surface of the workpiece 8 is adjusted to a proper distance, such as 2.5mm, and the working solution 9 is poured into the liquid storage tank 4, and in the embodiment, potassium hydroxide solution with high conductivity is used as the working solution 9, so that the processing efficiency is improved.
The negative electrode of the power supply 3 is connected with the nozzle 2, the positive electrode is connected with the workpiece 8, and the power supply 3 is started to apply high voltage to the nozzle 2 and the workpiece 8.
The pump member 6 is started to pump the potassium hydroxide solution in the liquid storage tank 4 into the liquid inlet pipeline 5, and then the potassium hydroxide solution is pressurized and sprayed out from the liquid outlet of the nozzle 2, so that the high-flow-rate potassium hydroxide solution is sprayed to the workpiece 8. In this process, a large amount of negative charges are accumulated at the position of the protruding part 21 at the end of the nozzle 2, so that a plasma discharge channel is formed between the nozzle 2 and the workpiece 8, the plasma is a mixture of three particles of electrons, ions and neutral atoms, and is macroscopically electrically neutral, and the plasma discharge specifically means that a high voltage is applied to two electrodes to form a strong electric field between the electrodes, and under the action of the strong electric field, the gas generates streamer discharge and local ionization.
The high temperature generated by the plasma discharge phenomenon can erode the exposed workpiece 8 to achieve the aim of surface texture processing, meanwhile, the high-speed flowing working solution 9 can take away the eroded scraps and other products, on the other hand, the flowing potassium hydroxide solution continuously carries out electrochemical reaction with the anode of the workpiece 8, the processing surface of the workpiece 8 can be continuously trimmed, and meanwhile, the generated high temperature can also accelerate the electrochemical reaction between the working solution 9 and the anode workpiece 8, so that the processing efficiency is further improved.
The potassium hydroxide solution flows into the liquid storage tank 4 below after the processing of the workpiece 8 is completed, the pumping piece 6 pumps the circulating flow to process the workpiece 8 until the workpiece 8 is processed to meet the requirements, the power supply 3 and the pumping piece 6 are turned off, the workpiece 8 is taken down, and the processing process is completed.
FIG. 4 shows KOH, naNO 3 The comparison of the conductivities of the three solutions of NaCl at 22 ℃ shows that under the same conditions, the KOH solution has higher conductivities than the other two commonly used electrolyte solutions, namely the voltage breakdown threshold value is lower, so that the processing efficiency can be effectively improved.
Compared with the traditional jet electrolysis machining technology, the high-voltage jet electrolysis machining device belongs to composite machining. In the processing process, as the tail end of the nozzle 2 with the conical structure can gather a large amount of negative charges under the action of high voltage, and the high-conductivity potassium hydroxide solution is used as the working solution 9, a plasma discharge channel can be formed in the electrolyte flowing at a high speed, and the workpiece 8 can be rapidly etched away at a high temperature generated by the discharge channel, so that the working efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the high temperature generated by the discharge channel can promote the rate of anode dissolution, and the working efficiency is improved.
Compared with the traditional electric spark processing technology, microcracks and recasting layers are generated in the processing process, flanging phenomena and heat affected zones are easy to form in the processing area of the workpiece 8, and the processing quality of the surface texture is seriously affected. In the high-pressure jet electrolytic machining method based on the high-conductivity working medium, the anode dissolution reaction can continuously finish the machined surface all the time in the machining process, and the machining process has no stress and heat affected zone, so that the surface roughness can be reduced, and the working quality of the machined surface can be improved. The end of the conical nozzle 2 can gather a great amount of negative charges under the action of high voltage, and the plasma discharge channel can be formed when the distance is at least 2mm by matching with the high-conductivity potassium hydroxide solution as the working solution 9, so that the distance required by the electric spark machining technology is greatly increased.
Compared with the abrasive grain jet machining technology, the abrasive grain jet machining technology has the advantages that the machining surface is stressed, the surface roughness is high, and the quality of the machining surface is low. According to the high-pressure jet electrolytic machining method, the anode dissolution reaction can continuously finish the machined surface all the time, and the machining process is free of stress and heat affected zones, so that the surface roughness can be reduced, and the working quality of the machined surface can be improved.
In the laser processing technology, microcracks and recasting layers are generated in the processing process, flanging phenomena and heat affected zones are easily formed in the processing area of the workpiece 8, and the processing quality of the surface texture is seriously affected. In the high-pressure jet electrolytic machining method based on the high-conductivity working medium, the anode dissolution reaction can always finish the machined surface on line in the machining process, and the machining process has no stress and heat affected zone, so that the surface roughness can be reduced, and the working quality of the machined surface can be improved.
In summary, the high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device of the embodiment has the advantages of good machining surface quality, high machining efficiency and easiness in implementation.
The embodiment also provides a high-voltage jet electrolytic machining method of plasma discharge, which uses the high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device, and comprises the following steps:
a workpiece 8 to be processed is taken and fixed on the workpiece loading table 1;
connecting the nozzle 2 with the cathode of the power supply 3, and connecting the workpiece 8 with the anode of the power supply 3;
the working fluid 9 is continuously injected to the workpiece 8 through the nozzle 2 to etch away the workpiece 8 until the workpiece 8 is processed.
Further, the working solution 9 is a potassium hydroxide solution.
The high-voltage jet electrolytic machining method in this embodiment and the high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device described above belong to the same inventive concept, and can be understood with reference to the above description, and are not described herein again.
In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present disclosure and simplify the description, and without being otherwise described, these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various other changes and modifications can be made which are within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high voltage jet electrochemical machining device based on plasma discharge, comprising:
a workpiece loading table for loading a workpiece to be processed;
the spray nozzle is arranged corresponding to the workpiece loading table and used for spraying working fluid to the workpiece loading table, a working fluid channel is arranged in the spray nozzle, two ends of the working fluid channel are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a dot-shaped protruding part is formed on the periphery of the liquid outlet in a protruding mode in the spraying direction of the working fluid.
2. The plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, wherein a section of the protruding portion away from the liquid outlet is conical, and the diameter of the protruding portion is gradually reduced along the spraying direction of the working liquid to a tip end of the protruding portion is in a sharp vertex angle structure.
3. The plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the protrusions is four, and the four protrusions are equally angularly spaced around the center of the liquid outlet at the periphery of the liquid outlet.
4. The plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle sequentially comprises a connecting section, a body section and a necking section along the flowing direction of the working fluid, wherein the connecting section and the body section are hollow cylindrical and have equal inner diameters, the outer diameter of the connecting section is smaller than the outer diameter of the body section, and the outer surface of the connecting section is provided with external threads for installation and positioning;
the necking section is hollow round platform, and the inner diameter of the necking section gradually decreases along the flowing direction of the working fluid.
5. The plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device according to claim 4, wherein the maximum diameter of the boss is d1, the inner diameter of the liquid outlet is d2, and the following conditions are satisfied:
d1/d2＝0.16～0.25。
6. the plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrochemical machining apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
and the positive electrode of the power supply is used for being connected with a workpiece, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with the nozzle.
7. The plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrochemical machining apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a liquid storage tank for storing working liquid and arranged below the workpiece loading table for receiving the working liquid after electrolytic machining;
one end of the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid inlet of the nozzle;
and the pump piece is arranged on the liquid inlet pipeline and is used for providing power.
8. The plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrochemical machining apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
and a lifting platform which is arranged above the workpiece loading platform and is provided with a sleeve which can be lifted up and down, and the nozzle is arranged on the sleeve.
9. A high-voltage jet electrolytic machining method based on plasma discharge, using the high-voltage jet electrolytic machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
fixing a workpiece to be processed on a workpiece loading table;
connecting the nozzle with the negative electrode of the power supply, and connecting the workpiece with the positive electrode of the power supply;
and continuously spraying working fluid to the workpiece through the nozzle to etch the workpiece until the workpiece is machined.
10. The plasma discharge-based high-voltage jet electrolytic machining method according to claim 9, wherein the working fluid is a potassium hydroxide solution.
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