EP1212589A1 - Dispositif pour determiner le niveau de remplissage d'un produit dans un conteneur - Google Patents

Dispositif pour determiner le niveau de remplissage d'un produit dans un conteneur

Info

Publication number
EP1212589A1
EP1212589A1 EP00964085A EP00964085A EP1212589A1 EP 1212589 A1 EP1212589 A1 EP 1212589A1 EP 00964085 A EP00964085 A EP 00964085A EP 00964085 A EP00964085 A EP 00964085A EP 1212589 A1 EP1212589 A1 EP 1212589A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
antenna
signals
rear wall
transmission wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00964085A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Burger
Klaus-Peter Oberle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP1212589A1 publication Critical patent/EP1212589A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for determining the filling level of a filling material in a container with a signal generating unit that generates high-frequency signals, with a transmitting / receiving unit that transmits the signals via an antenna and that reflects those on the surface of the filling material Receives signals, with a coaxial line with inner conductor and outer conductor for guiding the signals and with an evaluation unit which determines the level in the container based on the transit time of the signals, the antenna having a waveguide delimited by a rear wall, a transmission wire being provided on the rear wall which runs essentially within the waveguide, and wherein a first end region of the transmission wire is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line.
  • Runtime procedures take advantage of the physical laws, according to which the running distance is the product of the runtime and
  • Propagation speed is.
  • the running distance corresponds to twice the distance between the antenna and the surface of the product.
  • the useful echo signal i.e. the signal reflected on the surface of the product, and its transit time are determined using the so-called echo function or the digitized envelope, the envelope representing the amplitudes of the echo signals as a function of the distance 'antenna - surface of the product'.
  • the level itself then results from the difference between the known distance of the antenna to the bottom of the container and the distance of the surface of the medium to the antenna determined by the measurement.
  • All known methods can be used which make it possible to measure relatively short distances using reflected microwaves.
  • the best known examples are the pulse radar and the frequency modulation continuous wave radar (FMCW radar). Short pulse pulses are transmitted periodically on the pulse radar.
  • FMCW radar frequency modulation continuous wave radar
  • a continuous microwave is transmitted, which is periodically linearly frequency-modulated, for example according to a sawtooth function.
  • the frequency of the received echo signal therefore points to the frequency that the transmission signal at the time of
  • Reception has a frequency difference on the duration of the
  • Echo signal depends. The frequency difference between the transmitted signal and
  • Electromagnetic waves propagate in coaxial lines in the transverse electro-magnetic mode (TEM mode) without dispersion. This mode is therefore particularly well suited for the transport of wave packets or electromagnetic waves that have a certain frequency bandwidth.
  • the wave packets fed in then experience practically no widening; a linearity deviation is largely avoided in the case of linear frequency-modulated microwaves.
  • Modes are preferably used for the directed transmission of electromagnetic waves by means of an antenna, the emission characteristics of which have a pronounced forward lobe. This property is exhibited by the transversely electrical 1 1 mode (TE n mode) which can be propagated in circular waveguides. Depending on the dimensions of the antenna serving as a waveguide, there is one
  • From DE G 93 12 251.9 it has become known to insert the transmitter mushroom laterally into the antenna designed as a circular waveguide.
  • a disadvantage of such an arrangement is that the transmitter mushroom positioned laterally generally requires an additional housing to protect the coaxial line connected to the transmitter mushroom. The diameter is thus increased compared to an arrangement in which the microwaves are coupled in through a rear wall of the antenna.
  • Another disadvantage of the prior art is that not only the TE n mode but also higher modes are excited due to the asymmetry of the arrangement. However, higher modes have a different radiation characteristic and are therefore less suitable for directional radiation.
  • a device has become known from EP 0 821 431 A2 which is capable of generating a mode whose radiation characteristic has a pronounced forward lobe.
  • this device can be used in a wide frequency range.
  • the signals are coupled in from the rear of the circular waveguide acting as an antenna.
  • the coupling itself takes place on a trapezoidal transmission wire which is arranged on the rear wall of the antenna and which runs essentially inside the antenna.
  • One end of the transmission wire is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line carrying the signals; the other end of the transmission wire is in contact with the rear wall of the antenna.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for determining the level of a filling in a container, which is characterized by a simple structure.
  • the object is achieved in that a second end region of the transmission wire is arranged freely and essentially parallel to the rear wall of the waveguide and in that the distance between the second end region of the transmission wire and the rear wall of the waveguide is essentially ⁇ / 8.
  • the wavelength of the high-frequency signals carried in the waveguide at a frequency to be transmitted is characterized by ⁇ .
  • the frequency is, for example, the center frequency the frequency spectrum of a high-frequency pulse to be transmitted or around the center frequency of a linear frequency-modulated FMCW transmission signal.
  • the device according to the invention is distinguished by a narrow construction.
  • the coupling does not - as in the case of the lateral coupling - exceed the dimensions of the circular waveguide. It can therefore be easily fitted to containers with narrow openings.
  • neither angled plugs nor cable angles are required, which would have a negative effect on the propagation of the high-frequency signals.
  • the antenna can have shorter dimensions than in the antennas which have become known to date. The corresponding distance has always been specified here with ⁇ / 4.
  • the coaxial line is flush with the rear wall of the waveguide.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the first end region and the second end region of the transmission wire are arranged essentially at right angles to one another.
  • the advantage of this design is obvious: the transmission wire is very easy to manufacture by bending it accordingly.
  • the arrangement of a transmitter mushroom at the free end as is provided, for example, in DE 195 45 493 A1, is superfluous in connection with the device according to the invention.
  • the transmission wire is fastened to one in the antenna PCB is arranged. This significantly simplifies the manufacture of the device according to the invention.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention provides a dielectric in the waveguide of the antenna which fills at least the waveguide in the vicinity of the transmission wire.
  • the dielectric is, for example, PTFE
  • the antenna is attached to one via a fastening device, for example via a flange or an external thread
  • Container attachable.
  • FIG. 3 shows a representation, partly in longitudinal section, of a second advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 a section through the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the section being rotated by 90 ° with respect to the section shown in FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the device according to the invention.
  • a solid or liquid filling material 2 is stored in a container 4.
  • the fill level measuring device 1 according to the invention which is mounted in an opening 5 in the lid of the container 4, is used to determine the fill level.
  • the transmitting / receiving switch 9 When using a transmitting unit 6 and a separate receiving unit 7, the transmitting / receiving switch 9 can of course be omitted.
  • the antenna consists of a waveguide 16, which is closed at one of its end faces with a rear wall.
  • the signals to be sent and the reflected signals are routed via a coaxial line 11.
  • This consists of an inner conductor 12 and an outer conductor 13.
  • the inner conductor 12 is connected to the first end region 18 of the transmission wire 17.
  • a bushing 23, z. B. a glass bushing provided.
  • the bushing 23 has an insulation layer to ensure that there is no electrically conductive connection between the inner conductor 12 and the rear wall 15 in the bushing 23.
  • the antenna 10 is made of an electrically conductive material, e.g. B. from
  • the waveguide 16 of the antenna 10 has a circular cross section and is - as already mentioned above - closed at one end by the rear wall 15.
  • the antenna 10 consequently has the geometry of a short-circuited circular waveguide.
  • the transmission wire 17 is designed as a right-angled hook, the second end region 19 of the transmission wire 17 running essentially parallel to the rear wall 15 of the antenna 10.
  • the distance between the second end region 19 and the rear wall 15 is approximately ⁇ / 8, where ⁇ is the wavelength of the high-frequency signals carried in the waveguide 16 is a predetermined center frequency.
  • the transmission wire 17 is embedded in a dielectric 22.
  • the dielectric 22 completely fills the cavity 16 of the antenna 10 and is also tapered in the direction of the radiation of the signals.
  • the device according to the invention is therefore used in conjunction with a horn.
  • the device according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with a rod antenna. Both configurations additionally improve the radiation characteristic of the antenna 10, but are otherwise not absolutely necessary for the functionality of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the antenna 10 also has a fastening device by means of which the device according to the invention can be fastened to a container 4.
  • a fastening device by means of which the device according to the invention can be fastened to a container 4.
  • an external thread is used
  • a printed circuit board 20 can also be used, on which the transmission wire 17 is arranged. This configuration is shown schematically in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • To attach the circuit board 20 in the rear wall 15 z. B. provided a groove; further grooves are provided at the corresponding, diametrically opposite points on the inner surface of the waveguide. The circuit board 20 can be inserted into these grooves.
  • the electrical contacting of the first end region 18 of the transmission wire 17 with the inner conductor 12 takes place analogously to the contacting of the transmission wire 17 without a printed circuit board 20.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant de déterminer le niveau de remplissage d'un produit (2) dans un conteneur (4), comprenant un générateur de signaux (6) générant des signaux haute fréquence, un ensemble émetteur-récepteur (7, 8) émettant les signaux via une antenne (10) et recevant les signaux réfléchis à la surface (3) du produit (2), une ligne coaxiale (11) présentant un conducteur intérieur (12) et un conducteur extérieur (13) pour le guidage des signaux, ainsi qu'une unité d'évaluation (14) laquelle détermine, en fonction de la durée du parcours des signaux, le niveau du produit dans le conteneur (4), caractérisé en ce que l'antenne (10) présente un conducteur creux (16) délimité par une paroi arrière (15), en ce qu'il est prévu sur la paroi arrière (15) du conducteur creux (16), un fil émetteur (17) s'étendant sensiblement à l'intérieur dudit conducteur creux (16), et en ce qu'une première zone d'extrémité (18) du fil émetteur (17) est connectée avec le conducteur intérieur (12) de la ligne coaxiale (11).
EP00964085A 1999-09-15 2000-09-01 Dispositif pour determiner le niveau de remplissage d'un produit dans un conteneur Withdrawn EP1212589A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944103 1999-09-15
DE19944103A DE19944103A1 (de) 1999-09-15 1999-09-15 Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Füllstandes eines Füllguts in einem Behälter
PCT/EP2000/008546 WO2001020273A1 (fr) 1999-09-15 2000-09-01 Dispositif pour determiner le niveau de remplissage d'un produit dans un conteneur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1212589A1 true EP1212589A1 (fr) 2002-06-12

Family

ID=7922033

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00964085A Withdrawn EP1212589A1 (fr) 1999-09-15 2000-09-01 Dispositif pour determiner le niveau de remplissage d'un produit dans un conteneur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6614391B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1212589A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19944103A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001020273A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10064812A1 (de) * 2000-12-22 2002-06-27 Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zum Aussenden hochfrequenter Signale
CA2370433A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-04 Graham Fraser Mcgregor Antenne tige filetee
DE10205904A1 (de) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-21 Mikrowellen Technologie Und Se Abstandsmessvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Abstands
DE10206110A1 (de) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-21 Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg Anschlussvorrichtung für eine Antenne eines Füllstandsmessgerätes
DE10308495A1 (de) * 2003-02-26 2004-09-16 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung des Füllstands eines Mediums in einem Behälter
WO2004079307A1 (fr) * 2003-03-04 2004-09-16 Saab Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Dispositif et procede dans un systeme de jaugeage de niveau radar
US6959598B2 (en) * 2004-02-03 2005-11-01 Emerson Electric Co. Liquid level sensor for appliance and associated method
US7453393B2 (en) * 2005-01-18 2008-11-18 Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments Inc. Coupler with waveguide transition for an antenna in a radar-based level measurement system
DE602005020434D1 (de) * 2005-06-13 2010-05-20 Siemens Milltronics Proc Instr Hornantenne mit Verbundwerkstoffstrahler
US7467548B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2008-12-23 Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Radar level gauge system and coupling
DE102006003742A1 (de) * 2006-01-25 2007-08-02 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung und Überwachung des Füllstandes eines Mediums in einem Behälter
US7701385B2 (en) * 2008-05-22 2010-04-20 Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Multi-channel radar level gauge system
US8869612B2 (en) 2011-03-08 2014-10-28 Baxter International Inc. Non-invasive radio frequency liquid level and volume detection system using phase shift
US8797207B2 (en) * 2011-04-18 2014-08-05 Vega Grieshaber Kg Filling level measuring device antenna cover
DE102011112045A1 (de) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Mikrowellensendegerät mit Verguss
DE102012104090A1 (de) * 2012-05-10 2013-11-14 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Stapelbare Hornantennenelemente für Antennenanordnungen
DE102015113224A1 (de) 2015-08-11 2017-02-16 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Radar-Füllstandsmessgerät
EP3168581B1 (fr) * 2015-11-13 2022-01-19 VEGA Grieshaber KG Antenne a cornet et appareil de mesure de niveau de remplissage radar dote d'une antenne a cornet
US11047725B2 (en) * 2018-04-26 2021-06-29 Rosemount Tank Radar Ab Radar level gauge system with dielectric antenna

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6614391B1 (en) 2003-09-02
DE19944103A1 (de) 2001-03-22
WO2001020273A1 (fr) 2001-03-22

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