EP1209709B1 - Circuit électrique pour la transmission d'une information d'état, notamment d'un organe de matériel ferroviaire roulant et système électrique incorporant un tel circuit - Google Patents

Circuit électrique pour la transmission d'une information d'état, notamment d'un organe de matériel ferroviaire roulant et système électrique incorporant un tel circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1209709B1
EP1209709B1 EP20010402860 EP01402860A EP1209709B1 EP 1209709 B1 EP1209709 B1 EP 1209709B1 EP 20010402860 EP20010402860 EP 20010402860 EP 01402860 A EP01402860 A EP 01402860A EP 1209709 B1 EP1209709 B1 EP 1209709B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical circuit
switch
circuit according
branch
accumulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20010402860
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1209709A1 (fr
Inventor
Patrick Convert
Michel Bert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
Alstom SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom SA filed Critical Alstom SA
Publication of EP1209709A1 publication Critical patent/EP1209709A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1209709B1 publication Critical patent/EP1209709B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/60—Auxiliary means structurally associated with the switch for cleaning or lubricating contact-making surfaces
    • H01H1/605—Cleaning of contact-making surfaces by relatively high voltage pulses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
    • H01H9/167—Circuits for remote indication

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical circuit for the routing of all-or-nothing information, particularly for an application in the railway field.
  • One solution currently used is to connect to the two terminals of a battery a closed loop electrical circuit, which comprises in series at least one switch linked to the state of the body to be monitored, a resistor, and a galvanically isolated connection connected to the receiving device of the information contained in the signal, for example the electronic controller control circuit or the control and signaling board.
  • the open or closed position of the switch is representative of the state of a parameter or equipment.
  • a current whose intensity is limited by the resistance, circulates in the circuit.
  • no current flows.
  • the presence or absence of this current is transformed by the galvanically isolated connection into an all or nothing information communicated to the electronic circuit.
  • DE 44 13 467 C1 discloses an electric circuit according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a train has a plurality of such circuits connected to the terminals of the same accumulator.
  • the battery generally supplying several circuits, and other equipment, the voltage it delivers varies over time with the level of the load at its terminals.
  • the intensity of the current in the circuit therefore also varies, in proportion to the state of charge of the accumulator.
  • the amount of heat dissipated increases with the number of switches and information to be transmitted.
  • the invention aims to reduce the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the purpose of the invention is therefore to provide the routing of all-or-nothing information with a high degree of reliability and availability, while reducing the power dissipated by the Joule effect.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical system for transmitting a plurality of status information, characterized in that it comprises an accumulator and a plurality of electrical circuits, as defined above, each intended to transmit a state information and connected in parallel across said accumulator.
  • this electrical system is embedded in a railroad train, each switch being associated with a body or equipment of the railway train, to control the state or position.
  • FIG. 1 represents a particular embodiment of a transmission circuit capable of transmitting an all or nothing information representative of the state of an organ or equipment to be tested, in particular a railway vehicle equipment.
  • FIG. 1 isolates an elementary circuit belonging to a more complete electrical system, not shown, comprising a plurality of similar elementary circuits connected in parallel across an accumulator and capable of transmitting a plurality of all or nothing information to an electronic control circuit for controllers.
  • the transmission electrical circuit is connected to the terminals of an accumulator 3 and a connection S retrieves at the output of the elementary circuit, the all or nothing information by means of a connection which will be described below, to transmit it to the one of the input ports of an electronic circuit 2.
  • the electronic circuit 2 also includes output ports 4 for example for the control of PLCs (not shown).
  • the accumulator 3 the electrical system and the electronic circuit 2 are intended to be embedded in a train. It goes without saying that the electronic control circuit 2 of PLCs can be replaced by a control and signaling board or by any device capable of receiving and processing an all or nothing information.
  • the accumulator 3 is the only source of DC voltage for the entire train. Also, the various on-board equipment that requires a DC power supply are powered by this single battery 3. The voltage it delivers is therefore likely to vary over time, depending on the load at its terminals, between 0.6 times and 1.4 times its nominal voltage.
  • Accumulators 3 generally currently used in trains, have nominal voltages of 24 volts, 36 volts, 48 volts, 96 volts and 110 volts.
  • the transmission electrical circuit comprises a loop B fed by the accumulator 3 which comprises, arranged in series, a switch 5, a diode 16, an inductor 6, a galvanically isolated connection 7 which can for example be realized by means of an optocoupler, and two branches 8 and 9 in parallel originating at a point A disposed at the output of the galvanically isolated connection 7.
  • the diode 16 is polarized so as to prohibit the discharge of the inductance 6 elsewhere than through the optocoupler 7.
  • the flow direction of a current in the loop B of the positive terminal to the negative terminal of the battery 3 defines a positive orientation of this loop B.
  • the branch 8 comprises, arranged in series, a capacitor 10 and a variable voltage generator 1 producing a square wave signal of half-period t 0 and peak to peak amplitude V g symmetrical as shown in Figure 2.
  • the value of the amplitude Vg of voltage will be chosen lower than the voltage E across the accumulator 3 and will, for example, be of the order of 15 V.
  • the second branch 9 comprises a diode 12 and a capacitor 13 in series.
  • a resistor 14 is disposed between a point P of the second branch 9 located between the diode 12 and the capacitor 13, and the positive terminal of the accumulator 3.
  • the diode 12 is polarized so as to prevent the discharge of the capacitor 13 anywhere else than by resistance 14.
  • the organ or the equipment whose state is to be controlled actuates the closing and opening of the switch 5.
  • the charge variation of the inductance 6 of the first branch is also transferred immediately through the diode 12 in the capacitor 13 with a slight increase in the voltage at its terminals (because C 13 >> C 10 ) and the charges are then dissipated in the resistor 14.
  • the capacitor 10 thus regains the charge that it had lost during the first phase.
  • V AT t ( vg - Vc - Vd - Vled ) - E + Vd - vg t 0 * t + E + Vd - vg
  • Is V AT t vg - Vc - 2 * Vd - Vled t 0 * t + E + Vd - vg
  • the variation of the current i L in the inductance 6 during the first and second phases is represented in an exaggerated manner, in order to be better visible, on the graph of FIG. According to this figure, the current i L in the inductor 6 without being quite constant evolves only on a reduced range. Its average value can be adjusted, so as to obtain the passage of the minimum current required to ensure cleaning.
  • a current in the optocoupler 7 is set up when the switch 5 is closed, which generates in response an output signal on the
  • the position of the optocoupler 7 in series with the switch 5 is advantageous since the signal which it generates at the output is a substantially faithful image of the current which passes through the inductor 5.
  • the voltage generator 1 maintains the energy level in the circuit, and only the power it releases for this purpose is consumed by Joule effect.
  • the intensity of the current i L injected into the circuit is independent of the voltage E delivered by the accumulator 3.
  • a variation of the voltage E delivered by the accumulator 3 does not introduce a variation of the current consumed by the resistance 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the electrical circuit of FIG. 1 in which a limiter 11 is arranged between a point situated between the switch 5 and the diode 16 and the negative terminal of the accumulator 3. The operation of the electrical circuit remains the same, the clipper 11 providing additional resistance to overvoltages.
  • the galvanically isolated connection 7 will consist of a magnetic coupling made by a transformer whose primary winding also forms, at least in part, that of the inductor 6, the secondary being, for its part, connected to connection S.
  • the operation of the electrical circuit remains unchanged.
  • the variation of the current i L in the inductor 6, when the switch 5 is closed, produces a voltage output and / or a current across the secondary of the transformer 7 which constitute the output signal after rectification by a rectifier not shown .
  • the galvanically isolated connection 7 may be placed in series with the load resistor 14, the operation of the elementary circuit remains the same.
  • the current generator may provide other variable waveforms such as triangular or sinusoidal, centered or not on 0 volts. Indeed, it has been chosen in the embodiment previously described a variable voltage generator producing a square signal to simplify the equations and facilitate the explanation of the operation of the electrical circuit, however in practice one will advantageously choose a voltage generator producing a triangular signal.
  • the invention is not limited to a railway application, but relates to the transmission, in any field, of all-or-nothing information.
  • the presence of the inductance upstream of the optocoupler makes it possible to smooth the current flowing through the optocoupler, which then has a small undulation which is favorable to a good service life of the optocoupler.
  • the inductance at the input of the electrical circuit also makes it possible to limit the generation of electromagnetic noises that can be transmitted to other equipment.
  • capacitors between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the accumulator also makes it possible to guarantee, in the event of failure of one of the active components of the electrical circuit, that in no case is there a short circuit at the terminals of the accumulator.

Landscapes

  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
EP20010402860 2000-11-24 2001-11-07 Circuit électrique pour la transmission d'une information d'état, notamment d'un organe de matériel ferroviaire roulant et système électrique incorporant un tel circuit Expired - Lifetime EP1209709B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0015221A FR2817380B1 (fr) 2000-11-24 2000-11-24 Circuit electrique pour la transmission d'une information d'etat, notamment d'un organe de materiel ferroviaire roulant et systeme electrique incorporant un tel circuit
FR0015221 2000-11-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1209709A1 EP1209709A1 (fr) 2002-05-29
EP1209709B1 true EP1209709B1 (fr) 2007-01-31

Family

ID=8856857

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20010402860 Expired - Lifetime EP1209709B1 (fr) 2000-11-24 2001-11-07 Circuit électrique pour la transmission d'une information d'état, notamment d'un organe de matériel ferroviaire roulant et système électrique incorporant un tel circuit

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6646362B2 (es)
EP (1) EP1209709B1 (es)
JP (1) JP3809094B2 (es)
AT (1) ATE353161T1 (es)
CA (1) CA2363200C (es)
DE (1) DE60126393T2 (es)
DK (1) DK1209709T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2283384T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2817380B1 (es)
HK (1) HK1048700A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7187158B2 (en) * 2004-04-15 2007-03-06 Rosemount, Inc. Process device with switching power supply
US7492125B2 (en) * 2004-11-04 2009-02-17 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Power tools, battery chargers and batteries
US20060112570A1 (en) * 2004-11-04 2006-06-01 Serdynski David P Power tools, battery chargers and batteries
US7970063B2 (en) * 2008-03-10 2011-06-28 Rosemount Inc. Variable liftoff voltage process field device
US8786128B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2014-07-22 Rosemount Inc. Two-wire industrial process field device with power scavenging
DE102012218429A1 (de) * 2012-10-10 2014-04-10 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh System zur Funktionsüberwachung einer Stromschleife
US11006487B2 (en) * 2015-04-10 2021-05-11 Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Microwave powered sensor assembly for microwave ovens
DE102018101517A1 (de) * 2018-01-24 2019-07-25 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Kontaktschutzbestromung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2674063B1 (fr) * 1991-03-12 1993-07-09 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Circuit de detection de l'etat d'un interrupteur, notamment d'une cle de contact dans un regulateur de tension d'alternateur.
DE4220778A1 (de) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-05 Licentia Gmbh Anordnung zur potentialfreien Überwachung von auf Leitungen übertragenen Wechselspannungen und zur Erzeugung eines binären Signals bei Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Spannungsschwelle
DE19513615C2 (de) * 1994-04-11 1997-05-15 Morita Mfg Kontakterkennungsschaltung, Lasttreibervorrichtung und zahnmedizinische Spritze mit eingebauter Beleuchtungseinrichtung
DE4413467C1 (de) * 1994-04-19 1995-09-28 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum energiearmen Abfragen von binären Zuständen über lange Leitungen
JP3457126B2 (ja) * 1996-07-12 2003-10-14 三菱電機株式会社 車両用交流発電機の制御装置
FR2807194B1 (fr) * 2000-03-31 2002-05-31 Alstom Circuit electrique pour la transmission d'une information d'etat, notamment d'un organe de materiel ferroviaire roulant, et systeme electrique incorporant un tel circuit
US6404163B1 (en) * 2001-06-25 2002-06-11 General Motors Corporation Method and system for regulating a charge voltage delivered to a battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1209709A1 (fr) 2002-05-29
FR2817380B1 (fr) 2003-01-03
US20020094703A1 (en) 2002-07-18
JP2002246888A (ja) 2002-08-30
ES2283384T3 (es) 2007-11-01
DE60126393D1 (de) 2007-03-22
HK1048700A1 (en) 2003-04-11
US6646362B2 (en) 2003-11-11
CA2363200A1 (fr) 2002-05-24
FR2817380A1 (fr) 2002-05-31
ATE353161T1 (de) 2007-02-15
DK1209709T3 (da) 2007-06-04
JP3809094B2 (ja) 2006-08-16
CA2363200C (fr) 2008-09-16
DE60126393T2 (de) 2007-10-25

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