EP1207345B1 - Dispositif de commande du rapport de air -carburant d'un brûleur à mazout ou à gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande du rapport de air -carburant d'un brûleur à mazout ou à gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1207345B1
EP1207345B1 EP01126118A EP01126118A EP1207345B1 EP 1207345 B1 EP1207345 B1 EP 1207345B1 EP 01126118 A EP01126118 A EP 01126118A EP 01126118 A EP01126118 A EP 01126118A EP 1207345 B1 EP1207345 B1 EP 1207345B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control device
signal
photosensor
evaluation circuit
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01126118A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1207345A3 (fr
EP1207345A2 (fr
Inventor
Kurt-Henry Dr. Mindermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BFI Automation Mindermann GmbH
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BFI Automation Mindermann GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device for adjusting a fuel-combustion-air mixture for a burner operated with oil or gas according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a flame detector for bluish flames of an oil or gas burner in which a semiconductor detector is used with a spectral sensitivity in the near ultraviolet with a downstream evaluation circuit, which has a regulator for the fuel combustion air ratio corresponding to spectral distribution of flame radiation affected.
  • a downstream evaluation circuit which has a regulator for the fuel combustion air ratio corresponding to spectral distribution of flame radiation affected.
  • a flame detector for bluish-burning flames of an oil or gas burner which comprises a flame radiation detecting photosensor having a strong ultraviolet to infrared sensitivity increases, and a downstream evaluation circuit which shuts off the fuel supply, if the radiation in the range of 200 to 500 nm precipitates or the increase of the detected radiation intensity above 500 nm reveals a migration out of the blue region.
  • the signal of the photo sensor is two-channel, on the one hand regarding ultraviolet radiation to 500 nm and on the other with respect to visible and infrared radiation, evaluated.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a control device according to the preamble of claim 1, which makes it possible to correctly interpret changes in the flame radiation and to regulate accordingly.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagram concerning various quantities plotted against the lambda value.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a circuit diagram for a control device.
  • Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically the formation of measured values for the flicker frequency of the flame radiation.
  • a flame of an oil or gas burner burns optimally when a small stoichiometric excess air is present, ie the lambda value is slightly greater than one. If the lambda value continues to increase, the intensity of the flame radiation increases, which also happens when the lambda value drops below one. With a lambda value greater than one, the optical frequencies of the flame radiation shift to larger values when the combustion air fraction is increased, with a lambda value of less than one As the proportion of combustion air decreases, the optical frequencies of the flame radiation shift to smaller values. In the latter case, however, the development of soot also increases sharply (see diagram of Fig.
  • the curve B has a minimum at a lambda value of about 1 and increases from there to both higher and lower lambda values.
  • a distinction criterion for the two branches of the curve must be provided if one wants to avoid errors in the regulation of the fuel-combustion-air mixture.
  • a soot measurement is much too expensive for this purpose.
  • the Flackerfrequenz the flame radiation can be used for this purpose, since it is for lambda ⁇ 1 in the range of low frequencies and for lambda> 1 in the range of higher frequencies.
  • the evaluation circuit evaluates the signal of the photosensor with respect to flicker frequency and / or amplitude of the detected flame radiation and when detecting the emigration of the flame radiation at a Flackerfrequenz below a predetermined value, a signal for increasing the combustion air portion of the fuel combustion air Mixture and when a predetermined second value is exceeded, a signal for lowering the Combustion air portion of the fuel-combustion air mixture generated.
  • a photosensor which has a sensitivity that increases greatly from ultraviolet to infrared, the signal of which has to be evaluated with only one channel. It is possible to evaluate the total radiation or also the signal components of low optical frequency (visible and infrared radiation) in order to detect the emigration of the flame radiation. But you can also use other photo sensors for the same purpose.
  • a photodetector as described in DE 197 46 786 C2, which has an evaluation circuit which provides an output signal which is representative of the spectral distribution of the flame radiation in order to determine the emigration of the flame radiation in this way.
  • the flicker frequency of the flame is determined from the signal of the photosensor and then, when the emigration of the flame radiation is detected falls below a predetermined first value of the combustion air fraction and thus the lambda value, and lowered when exceeding a predetermined second value of the combustion air fraction.
  • the first and second predetermined values may be the same or define an interval in which no change in the combustion air fraction is made. In this way, a lambda value can be set slightly greater than one for optimal combustion and make a regulation in this regard to this value, without an excessive construction effort would be necessary.
  • the diagram of Fig. 1 further includes a curve C, the "zero crossings", here referred to as pulsation (Hz), of the amplified by an amplifier 1 signal of the flame radiation detecting photodetector 2 relative to lambda applies.
  • These zero crossings per unit of time essentially correspond to the flicker frequency of the flame radiation.
  • These zero crossings are generated by the evaluation circuit by the DC component of the signal of the photosensor cut off and the zero line for the AC component is so placed that the noise component of the signal is suppressed, ie that the dominant Amplitudes are left over.
  • the resulting AC signal is amplified, amplifier 3, such that substantially rectangular pulses with varying pulse widths result as a result of clipping the upper and lower sections.
  • a comparator 4 is used either with downstream counter, a shift register and evaluation or a microprocessor 5, which performs the functions of these components.
  • Low frequencies about ⁇ 30 Hz can be cut in advance by means of a high-pass filter 6 so that they do not enter into the evaluation.
  • the limit for a shutdown is relatively small and periods may occur within the predetermined time in which no zero crossing is detected, it is appropriate to divide the predetermined time into a plurality, for example, six to ten sections, in which separately counted the zero crossings are then added after each expiration of a section for a predetermined time in order to be able to compare respective values after expiration of such a section for a predetermined time with the limit.
  • This is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the required for gas and oil burners shutdown in a gas burner, for example, 1 sec, readily comply.
  • an optical filter in front of the photosensor, which absorbs substantially in a wavelength range which corresponds to the radiation of glowing furnace walls (greater than approximately 900 nm), so that a flicker which can thereby be generated in the absence of a flame, that air is swirled by a fan in the oven, is not confused with the actual flickering of a flame.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Dispositif de régulation pour le réglage d'un mélange air-carburant pour un brûleur fonctionnant à l'huile ou au gaz, comportant un photocapteur (1) détectant le rayonnement de la flamme et ses pulsations, et un circuit d'évaluation monté en aval qui détermine si le rayonnement de la flamme se situe dans le domaine du bleu ou dérive vers des longueurs d'onde plus grandes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'évaluation évalue le signal du photocapteur sur la base de la fréquence de scintillement ou de la fréquence de scintillement et de l'amplitude du rayonnement de la flamme détecté, et émet un signal pour augmenter la part d'air de combustion du mélange combustible/air de combustion s'il constate que le rayonnement de la flamme dérive vers des longueurs d'onde plus grandes à une fréquence de scintillement inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée, et un signal pour réduire la part d'air de combustion du mélange combustible/air de combustion en cas de dépassement d'une deuxième valeur prédéterminée.
  2. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le photocapteur (1) présente une sensibilité fortement croissante de l'ultraviolet à l'infrarouge.
  3. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'évaluation présente un canal pour l'évaluation des portions de signal de fréquence optique supérieure et/ou inférieure.
  4. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'évaluation génère un signal représentatif de la distribution spectrale et l'évalue sur la base de la dérive.
  5. Dispositif de régulation selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'évaluation détermine le nombre de passages par zéro du signal traité du photocapteur (1) à l'intérieur d'une unité de temps prédéterminée, le signal du photocapteur étant traité débarrassé de la part de tension continue et du bruit par une amplification correspondante en impulsions carrées.
  6. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le nombre de passages par zéro peut être comparé à une valeur limite prédéterminée au-dessous de laquelle est généré un signal de mise à l'arrêt de l'alimentation en combustible.
  7. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que le flanc montant et le flanc descendant du signal peuvent être comptés par le circuit d'évaluation.
  8. Dispositif de régulation selon une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'évaluation présente un comparateur comportant un compteur monté en aval.
  9. Dispositif de régulation selon une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de temps prédéterminée est divisée par le circuit d'évaluation en une pluralité de sections, moyennant quoi on détermine le nombre de passages par zéro à l'extrémité de chaque section.
  10. Dispositif de régulation selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les sections forment une fraction du temps d'arrêt du brûleur nécessaire si l'on constate une absence de flamme.
  11. Dispositif de régulation selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'en amont du photocapteur est monté un filtre optique qui absorbe un rayonnement correspondant sensiblement à celui des parois incandescentes du four.
EP01126118A 2000-11-11 2001-11-03 Dispositif de commande du rapport de air -carburant d'un brûleur à mazout ou à gaz Expired - Lifetime EP1207345B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10055832 2000-11-11
DE10055832A DE10055832C2 (de) 2000-11-11 2000-11-11 Regeleinrichtung zum Einstellen eines Brennstoff-Verbrennungsluft-Gemisches für einen mit Öl oder Gas betriebenen Brenner

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1207345A2 EP1207345A2 (fr) 2002-05-22
EP1207345A3 EP1207345A3 (fr) 2004-04-28
EP1207345B1 true EP1207345B1 (fr) 2006-08-02

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EP01126118A Expired - Lifetime EP1207345B1 (fr) 2000-11-11 2001-11-03 Dispositif de commande du rapport de air -carburant d'un brûleur à mazout ou à gaz

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EP (1) EP1207345B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE335170T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10055832C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005008893B4 (de) * 2005-02-26 2007-04-19 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Gebindedurchsatzes in Drehrohranlagen
JP3963925B2 (ja) * 2005-11-08 2007-08-22 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 焼却処理システムにおける二次燃焼方法及び装置
DE102010044430A1 (de) 2010-09-04 2012-03-08 G I W E P Gesellschaft für industrielle Wärme, Energie- und Prozeßtechnik m.b.H Verfahren zur Überwachung von gasbeheizten Ofenanlagen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5037291A (en) * 1990-07-25 1991-08-06 Carrier Corporation Method and apparatus for optimizing fuel-to-air ratio in the combustible gas supply of a radiant burner
DE19650972C2 (de) * 1996-12-09 2001-02-01 Elbau Elektronik Bauelemente G Verfahren und Anordnung zur Überwachung und Regelung von Verbrennungsprozessen
DE19746786C2 (de) * 1997-10-23 2000-10-26 Giersch Gmbh Oel Und Gasbrenne Optischer Flammenwächter
DE19809653C1 (de) * 1998-03-06 1999-09-16 Giersch Gmbh Flammenwächter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1207345A3 (fr) 2004-04-28
ATE335170T1 (de) 2006-08-15
EP1207345A2 (fr) 2002-05-22
DE10055832A1 (de) 2002-05-29
DE50110598D1 (de) 2006-09-14
DE10055832C2 (de) 2002-10-31

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