EP1204807B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum führen und halten eines steigrohrs, und verfahren zum überführen eines steigrohrs über einem schwimmenden träger - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum führen und halten eines steigrohrs, und verfahren zum überführen eines steigrohrs über einem schwimmenden träger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1204807B1
EP1204807B1 EP00956617A EP00956617A EP1204807B1 EP 1204807 B1 EP1204807 B1 EP 1204807B1 EP 00956617 A EP00956617 A EP 00956617A EP 00956617 A EP00956617 A EP 00956617A EP 1204807 B1 EP1204807 B1 EP 1204807B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
riser
pads
floating support
wheels
longitudinal axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP00956617A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1204807A1 (de
Inventor
Raymond Hallot
Michel Baylot
Xavier Rocher
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Saipem SA
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Saipem SA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • E21B43/0107—Connecting of flow lines to offshore structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/01—Risers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/002—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables specially adapted for underwater drilling

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of connections bottom-surface of the type comprising a vertical submarine pipe, called riser, connecting the bottom of the sea to a floating support installed in area.
  • This floating support comprises in anchoring means in order to remain in position despite the effects of current, winds and swell. It also usually includes means storage and processing of oil and means of unloading to oil tankers. They come to regular interval to perform the removal of production.
  • the name of these floating barge type supports is the Anglo-Saxon term “Floating Production Storage Offloading” (meaning “floating medium” Storage, Production and Offloading ”) hereafter abbreviated as "FPSO”.
  • SPARS Floating Production Storage Offloading
  • TLPs Tunnel Leg Platform
  • Wellheads are often spread over the entire field and production lines, as well as water injection lines and control cables, are deposited on the seabed in direction of a fixed location, on the vertical side of which the floating support is positioned on the surface.
  • the wellhead equipped with its "Christmas tree" can be installed in surface, on board the floating support. We can then perform, from a derrick installed on said floating support, all the drilling operations, well production and maintenance throughout the life of the well said well. This is called the dry wellhead.
  • the drilling rig is a tall structure that can reach 60m and possessing a lifting capacity that can exceed 500 tonnes, the means necessary to move it from one well to another and to keep it in position during well operations lead to complex and expensive structures.
  • Patent FR 2,754,011 describing a barge and a system is known from guide for riser, the latter being equipped with floats.
  • SPARS and TLPs are also equipped with a multiplicity of risers subtended by floats and held in position by guidance systems.
  • risers rise to the surface in a cavity central floating support called "wellbay” or bay drilling.
  • the cavity crosses the hull vertically from side to side on a height of about thirty meters, with a draft of about twenty meters; she is in general installed at the floating support axis, equidistant from its ends, because this is the area where the amplitudes of the movements and accelerations is the weakest when the ship is subject to the phenomena of roll, pitching and yawning.
  • the floats concerned are large with, in particular a diameter greater than 5m, and a length of 10 to 20m and possess unit buoyancy up to 100 tonnes.
  • the float and the conduct are subject to the effects of swell, current, but being connected to the FPSO at the surface, are also indirectly subject to the effects of wind. This results in lateral movements and vertical lines of up to several meters riser-float-barge, especially in the area prone to swell.
  • risers are separated from each other by several meters and also several meters from the walls of the wellbay, this which leads to wellbays up to 80m in length and 20m in length width, on FPSO barges up to 350 m long, 80 m wide width and having a height at the level of the plating up to and exceed 35 m.
  • FPSO barges up to 350 m long, 80 m wide width and having a height at the level of the plating up to and exceed 35 m.
  • Such barges have a deadweight tonnage which may reach and exceed 500,000 dwt.
  • the present invention relates to the guidance of risers within the generally central cavity in production position or in a position where drilling operations as well as heavy maintenance operations wells are made, ie from a fixed derrick relative to to the floating support, or on the means of transfer of the riser between these various positions.
  • the present invention also relates to the transfer of risers to within the generally central cavity from their production position to a position where drilling operations as well as heavy well maintenance operations are carried out, that is to say from a fixed derrick with respect to the floating support.
  • Well drilling is carried out at the main axis of the derrick, through a riser called “drilling riser", whose function is to guide the drill rods and contain the sludge back from the well being pierced.
  • This riser of drilling is assembled from unit lengths up to 50m, the assembly being lowered in step by step, as and when assembly said riser.
  • the portion of the riser corresponding to the slice of water is disconnected from the well at sea level and then directed towards a garage position after its length has been shortened by disassembly of one or two unit lengths. By doing so, the riser drilling remains hung, its lower end being located 50-100 m the bottom.
  • the production riser can then be assembled in the same way step by step until it reaches the entrance to the well.
  • the floats are installed in the upper part as and when laying, then the base of the production riser is finally connected to the well.
  • the well is then equipped various casings of production and "Christmas tree" of the wellhead Dry is set up.
  • Raising guide means are known relative to the support floating. But these guidance systems most often involve Cable tensioning systems that are difficult to implement (GB 2170240 or US 4231429). Other systems have been proposed which are not versatile but specific to a position of the riser on the support floating, especially at the axis of the derrick for drilling risers. For the drilling, the risers are in place for a limited time such as 10 to 45 days, so that the wear of guiding devices is not really critical unlike the production risers that are installed for several years and require wear-resistant guiding systems. Thus, in US 4,617,998 and US 4,616,708, a device for maintenance and guidance for drilling riser that combines a system of cable tensioning with runners on which the drilling riser comes in support, and that does not resist wear in the long run.
  • Cable tensioning guidance systems make the transfer of the riser from one position to another within the central cavity (wellbay) long and difficult to achieve, particularly with regard to moving from the production position to the axis position from the derrick.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a device for maintaining and guiding a riser, in particular a floating riser, relative to floating support, simple to implement, and that can be useful whatever the position of the riser, especially when the riser is at its position of production or in drilling or maintenance position at the axis of the derrick; or when transferring the riser from its production position to the axis of the derrick.
  • This device must allow relative movements of the support floating and riser, so as to withstand routine fatigue corresponding to lateral loads of up to 10 tonnes, and occasional extreme efforts corresponding to loads that may to reach 100 tons, or even 200 tons.
  • the device must be able to authorize, not only longitudinals substantially vertical up to 5 meters, if we consider that the relative movements between the floating support and the risers in normal operation, but also accept extreme shifts corresponding to the complete deballasting of the floating support or its maximum ballast, which corresponds to a total stroke that can reach 15 to 20 meters.
  • the riser must stay substantially coaxial with the axis of the derrick.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for holding and guiding riser in production position that resists wear over a long period, especially over several years.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for guiding which allows the transfers of the riser in a position to a other within the central cavity (wellbay) are simple to carry out and therefore can be done safely.
  • Longitudinal axis of the riser means the vertical axis when the riser is in the rest position, that is to say not subject to movements related to the bustle of the sea.
  • said second pads or said wheels are in permanent support on the riser, but do not take up the full load applied by the riser.
  • the device according to the invention is indeed designed to withstand variables in the horizontal plane with at least two levels of friction and different wear.
  • said first pads are in withdrawal relative to said second pads or said rollers.
  • Said seconds skates or rollers preferably provide guiding of the riser subjected to current efforts of light loads of about 10 tons.
  • said first pads come into operation and provide guidance when the riser is subject to heavy loads under extreme conditions of implementation. in particular up to 100 tonnes, or even 200 tonnes, and that second pads or said rollers are moved radially under the effect of his heavy charges.
  • Said first pads have a bearing surface on said riser which preferably has a curvature complementary to that of the riser.
  • said first pads can rotate relative to an axis integral with said support skates.
  • said pads are fixed by relative to said skate support and said skate support is pivotable by report to said floating support to enable said pivoting of said first skids about an axis perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said riser.
  • said first pads are fixed on a tubular element enveloping said riser coaxially with said riser, said tubular element being mounted on a ball joint allowing said pivoting and said rotation respectively said pads and said riser.
  • said ball may be a stop laminated within which is embedded said tubular member.
  • said second pads or preferably said casters are mounted on axes perpendicular to the vertical axis of the riser, the axis of said second pads or preferably said wheels being capable of moving in translation along an axis perpendicular to the axis longitudinal of said riser, in a radial direction.
  • said first pads are distributed symmetrically around said riser, and comprise at least three pads located, preferably again, at the same level along the longitudinal axis of said riser.
  • said second pads or preferably said casters are arranged symmetrically around said riser with respect to its longitudinal axis and with at least three wheels, whose axes of rotation are located, preferably still, substantially in the same plane.
  • said first pads are mounted on an axis located substantially in the same horizontal plane as the axis of said casters and said first pads and said casters are arranged successively and symmetrically around said riser alternately.
  • said first pads and said casters are arranged in staggered rows, their respective pivoting axes and rotation being located at different levels respectively along the axis longitudinal of said riser.
  • said first pads are arranged on at at least two different levels along said longitudinal axis of said riser, and said levels are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane horizontally corresponding substantially to the median plane of the zone where located said articulation means along the longitudinal axis.
  • the axes of rotation of the casters are arranged on at least two different perpendicular planes said longitudinal axis of said riser, and said planes are arranged symmetrically with respect to a corresponding horizontal plane substantially to the median plane of the zone along the longitudinal axis of the riser where are located said articulation means.
  • said first skates can be located on two different levels along the longitudinal axis said riser, an upper level and a lower level and said rollers are located above and above the said upper level inferior.
  • said first pads are located on two different levels, a higher level and a lower level, and said casters are located between said levels.
  • the holding and guiding device according to the invention can be in place on the floating support to maintain and guide undit riser in its production position, or it can be connected to transfer means undir riser from its production position towards the axis of a derrick of drilling.
  • said articulation means are preferably disposed at the junction floor between said riser and said support, located between the floating support deck and the water level.
  • the top of the cone of half-angle at the top is located substantially at the level of the said floor of junction.
  • a holding and guiding device may also be set up on said floating support to maintain and guide undit riser in operating position in a derrick installed on said support floating, more precisely to the axis of said derrick.
  • a device of maintenance and guide at different levels along the axis longitudinal of the riser ZZ '. According to its positioning along the axis longitudinal dimension, the dimensions of the skids and castors will be adapted function of the forces to be transmitted and the relative movements of the riser, tolerable with respect to the floating support.
  • the device according to the invention level of the junction floor of the riser with the floating support, that is to say at an intermediate position between the deck of the floating support and the level of the water.
  • the wheels or second skates are then dimensioned to support current efforts corresponding to loads up to 5 tonnes, and said first runners of extreme forces corresponding to loads of up to 50 tonnes.
  • a device according to the invention at at least one of the two levels P ' 1 and P' 2 , preferably respectively above and below said junction floor of the riser relative to the floating support, the levels P 1 and P ' 2 being located at different levels of the wall of the cavity of the floating support, but sufficiently spaced to maintain said riser substantially coaxial with the axis of the derrick, and allow lateral movements of the riser such as the axis of the riser does not deviate more than 5 ° from the axis of the derrick; preferably not more than 2 °.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a device comprising said hinge means comprising said first pads cooperating preferably with wheels, located on a first level P ' 1 and a second level P' 2 along the wall of the central cavity floating support, respectively above and below the level P 0 of said junction floor between the riser and said floating support.
  • the planes P ' 1 and P' 2 are advantageously spaced at the most, in particular by at least 5, preferably at least 10 meters.
  • the height of the wall of the cavity of the floating support is approximately 30 meters, its draft being approximately 10 meters, and also to the extent that the plane P ' 1 is located above the level water and slightly below the deck level of the floating support, it is possible that the lower plane P ' 2 is below the water level.
  • said hinge means can be fixed inside a collar held in place around the riser by cables connected by a tensioning system to the wall of the cavity of said floating support at least one of said levels P ' 1 and P' 2 .
  • said articulation means comprising said first pads cooperating preferably with said casters, are located at the end of an articulated arm system comprising hydraulic cylinders.
  • the system of articulated arms can move between a closed position and an open position, so that in position closed, said articulation means preferably comprise said casters which are in contact with said riser, and in the open position, it allows the passage of a float adapted to said floating riser, said means hinge preferably said wheels remaining in contact with said float.
  • each of the articulated arms of the same plane P'1 or P'2 can be adjusted in length, which allows to create a misalignment a known value between the axis of the riser and the axis of the derrick.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of maintaining and guiding a floating riser with respect to a floating support allowing said riser to slide along its longitudinal axis ZZ 'and guiding its lateral movements in a horizontal plane XX ', YY' perpendicular to said riser, using at least one holding device and guide according to the invention.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of transfer on a floating support of a riser from its position of production to its position within a drilling rig.
  • said riser is moved into said cavity of a support floating, by moving said device for holding and guiding the riser by relative to the floating support according to the invention, itself integral with said riser.
  • the floating support comprises a cavity center comprising a plurality of compartments at the end of which said risers are in the production position, said compartments communicating with a central channel, at the end of which is located a drilling derrick, said compartments being arranged transversely with respect to said central channel.
  • said compartments and said central channel comprise a joining floor between said riser and said support floating on each bank defining a continuous channel of width substantially constant.
  • said joining floor is integral with the wall of the cavity at an intermediate level between the bridge of the floating stand and water level.
  • the floating support comprises transfer means said risers between their production position at the end of compartments and the position of the derrick, said transfer means to move a said riser along said connecting floor in cooperating with said holding and guiding device ensuring the junction with said riser and said floating support at said floor junction.
  • said transfer means are fixed and secured to said floating support.
  • said transfer means comprise a set winches and cables connecting said winches to said riser.
  • said transfer means comprise a carriage movable along said compartments and said channel.
  • said joining floor is equipped with guide rails for moving said transfer means or said riser, especially if said transfer means are stationary, along said compartments and said central channel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view from above and in plan the joining floor 4.
  • the floating support comprises a cavity 23 comprising a plurality of compartments forming channels 23 1 and a central channel 24, said compartments 23 1 and said channel central 24 being of longitudinal shape and substantially constant width and having a continuity between said positions of the riser in the production position (slot) and the axis of the derrick.
  • These compartments 23 1 are arranged transversely with respect to the central channel 24 which makes it possible to move a riser on the joining floor 4 between its production position 11 at the end of said compartment 23 1 and the position at the axis of the derrick 14 to the end of said central channel.
  • Ten production positions 11 have been represented but only one is equipped with its riser 1 equipped with a guiding device 3 secured to the joining floor 4.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the runners 5 and the rollers 9 are located on the same plane, and the pads pivot around a hinge axis 6 secured to a support skids 7, fixed on the floating support 2.
  • the guiding device shown in FIG. 5 consists of a plurality of casters and pads alternately installed all around said riser, the guiding device shall comprise at least three casters and three skids arranged regularly or not around said riser.
  • rollers 9, one of which is shown on the right side of the 5, are secured by means of wheels carriers 25, a base 22, itself secured to the junction floor 4.
  • the axis 10 of said wheel is integral with a cylindrical part 26 whose bore internal is eccentric with respect to the axis of said cylindrical piece.
  • This cylinder 26 is surrounded by a layer of elastomer 27 in the form of a ring, the assembly being held in position in the wheel carrier 25 to 28.
  • Each of the rollers 9 is supported by a pair of roller supports 25 and ring 27, installed on the cylinder 26 of both sides of said wheel.
  • - (a) allows to adjust, thanks to the eccentric assembly 10-26, the position of the wheel relative to the outer wall of the riser; - (b) allow light displacements of the eccentric assembly, when a load is applied by Rinse it on the wheel, in the direction YY ', to the right.
  • a result similar can be obtained by a spring system.
  • the pads 5, one of which is shown on the left of FIG. 5, are consisting of an antifriction block 29 whose face facing the riser presents a curvature corresponding to that of said riser.
  • the skate is supported by an articulation of axis 6, spherical ball-type or lamified abutment, integral 7.
  • Laminated abutments are materials sandwich type composites consisting of separate elastomer layers by metal reinforcements and allow angular displacements and which may be important and whose value can be adjusted by varying the elastomer thicknesses, the number of layers and the provision of metal reinforcements. Such devices are manufactured in particular by Techlam France.
  • the removal of the pads compared to the riser is low, for example the order of one centimeter and the thickness of the elastomer ring 106 is calculated in order to allow a corresponding displacement of the axis of the roulette. This thickness can be for example three centimeters.
  • the efforts encountered over the life of a riser in production position are in the range of 2 to 5 tonnes for 95% of the time, from 10 to 20 tons out of the remaining 5% with very high load peaks exceptional, corresponding to the 100-year reach and exceed 50 tons.
  • the size is optimized, and therefore the cost casters, the life of which can be significant without having to oversize for extreme situations.
  • the skates are sized for extreme cases and their maintenance can be carried out without difficulty during calm periods when they are not active.
  • FIG. 6 shows a device according to the invention in which the pads 5 and the rollers 9 are located on different levels on along the longitudinal axis ZZ 'of the riser, and the pads are fixed with respect to a tubular element 7, itself pivotable relative to the support floating.
  • Figure 6 which is a variant of Figure 5 shows in side view a production riser 1 equipped with a guiding device 3 comprising a skate support consisting of a tube 7 coaxial with the longitudinal axis ZZ 'of the riser 1 and having symmetrically with respect to the plane XX '/ YY', a plurality of rollers 9 provided with their eccentric assembly 10-26 and the elastomer layer 27 in the form of a ring, in contact with the said riser.
  • the friction pads 5 are installed in a different plane, advantageously close to the plane XX '/ YY' and are not in contact with said riser.
  • the entire guide is symmetrical with respect to the plane XX '/ YY' and is secured to the junction floor 4 by a hinge 8 of laminated abutment type comprising layers of elastomer 30 and reinforcements 31 formed of metal sheets formed according to portions of spheres of center ⁇ corresponding to the apex of the rotation limit cone.
  • the kneecap lamified 8 then allows the rotations of the guiding device 3 around the axes XX 'and YY' and keeps all casters in contact with the 1.
  • the rollers 9 clear and the pads then come into direct contact with the wall of the riser.
  • the transmission of the forces between riser and junction floor then becomes substantially symmetrically with respect to the plane XX '/ YY' whatever the value of the angle ⁇ formed by the axis of the riser with the vertical, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the pads 5 are represented here between two wheels 9 while in Figure 6 they are represented in vertical alignment with said rollers.
  • the tube 7 is connected to the support 22 through the laminated abutment hinge 8 of FIG. 6.
  • the guide device according to the invention is associated with two guide collars equipped with pads and wheels.
  • the collar In the plane P ' 1 , the collar is held by a system of hydraulic cylinders secured to the wall of the cavity or wellbay and connected to said collar, either directly or by means of live cables.
  • the left cylinder is connected via a pulley itself secured to the wall of the wellbay.
  • the collar In the plane P ' 2 , the collar is held in place by a system of winches integral with the wall of the cavity or boring and connected to said collar by means of live cables.
  • the left winch is connected directly to said collar, the right winch is connected via a pulley itself integral with the wall of the cavity or wellbay.
  • a guiding device according to Figure 6 is present at the plane P 0 .
  • the guiding device 3 comprising articulation means rests on arms 22 1 secured to the junction floor by means of vertical joints 22 2 making it possible to fold said arms 22 1 as also shown on FIG. Figures 11 and 12, so as to release the passage, for example for the passage of a float.
  • the collar 15 is held in tension by three or four cables 16 connected to a not shown tensioning system, characterized in that only two cables 16 have a length L 1 and L 2 adjusted in such a way that the axis of the collar along the axis ZZ 'coincides substantially with the axis of the derrick.
  • the other cables are then simply maintained in tension at a voltage level higher than the expected extreme voltage level, corresponding, for example, to 100-year conditions (100 tons).
  • the collar 15 consists of two half-shells connected on one side by a hinge 15 1 and on the other side by a locking system 15 2 allowing the assembly to be put in place around the riser and removed when the operations are completed.
  • Fig. 10 is a four-strand version of Fig. 9, in which two of the strands are fitted to a length corresponding to L1 and L2, the other two simply being held in tension.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to adjust the coaxiality between the axis of the riser and the axis of the derrick by modifying, in the plane P ' 1 and / or in the plane P' 2 , the respective lengths L 1 and L2 dimensional cables.
  • the device according to the invention also allows to maintain the axis of the riser parallel to any given direction, substantially fixed with respect to the axis of the derrick.
  • the riser in position at the axis of the derrick is stabilized in the planes P ' 1 and P' 2 by a system of articulated arms 18 operated by hydraulic cylinders 19 and supporting at the plane P ' 1 roller guide associated with friction pads and at the plane P ' 2 a guide collar similar to the collar defined in Figures 8 and 9.
  • the efforts on the riser in the plane P' 1 are directed to the right and create an erase of the wheel mounted on a spring system, until the pads come into contact with said riser and transmit directly to the latter the forces corresponding to extreme conditions (centennial conditions), without creating damage at the roller guide or at the riser wall.
  • the axis of the riser deviates angularly very slightly from the axis of the derrick, represented by the angle a, which remains less than 5 °, preferably 2 °.
  • the lower guide is shown in position open, so as to let the floats pass a production riser in during assembly, during the descent of the various constituent elements.
  • the guides remain in contact with the walls of the float so as to limit the movements of the entire pipe in suspension.
  • Figure 12 is a side view of a riser 1 being installed at the axis of the derrick.
  • the guidance system of the plane P ' 2 is identical to that of the plane P' 1 .
  • Plans P ' 1 and P' 2 are spaced eight to ten meters apart.
  • the riser is being assembled, the whole being lowered with a float 32.
  • the lower guide is shown in the open position, in order to let said float pass while remaining in contact with the walls of said float, so as to limit the movements of the set of suspended pipe.
  • the guide device connected to the plane P 0 is not yet installed around the riser 1, but will be as soon as the riser is ready to be transferred to its production slot.
  • the articulated arms of the plane P ' 1 are provided with a device 34, mechanical or hydraulic, making it possible to adjust the length of each arm independently, which makes it possible, by a coordinated variation of the length of each of the arms to create an offset of the apex of the cone defined in Figures 5 and 6, of a known value, in a known direction of the plane P ' 1 .
  • a device 34 mechanical or hydraulic, making it possible to adjust the length of each arm independently, which makes it possible, by a coordinated variation of the length of each of the arms to create an offset of the apex of the cone defined in Figures 5 and 6, of a known value, in a known direction of the plane P ' 1 .
  • the holding and guiding device 3 comprising articulation means, can be transferred towards the axis of the derrick by means of fixed transfer means relative to the floating support, constituted by winches 12 1 and 12 4 and cables 12 2 shown in FIG.
  • the joining floor 4 comprises means for transferring the riser and a guiding device according to the invention, consisting of winches 12 1 connected by cables 12 2 to the guiding device 3 moving by simple sliding on the joining floor 4 and being guided in the compartments 23 1 by rails 12 3 .
  • winches 12 1 connected by cables 12 2 to the guiding device 3 moving by simple sliding on the joining floor 4 and being guided in the compartments 23 1 by rails 12 3 .
  • the rails 12 3 facilitate the passage of the device 3 to the right of the adjacent compartments from the production position. departure, to the axis 14 of the derrick.
  • the winches 12 4 are then connected to the support 22 of the guiding device 3 by two cables 12 5 , and the cables 12 2 of the winches 12 1 are then disconnected.
  • the riser-guide assembly 3 is then transferred from the central position 24 to the axis 14 of the derrick.
  • the riser can be moved by sliding the support 22 of the guiding device 3 in the form of a washer as shown in FIG. 13.
  • tubular elements 22 integral with the support 22 and arranged below the support 22 make it possible to guide the riser in the central channel 24 and between the rails 12 3 .
  • Friction pads 22 2 arranged below the support 22 and integral with it, allow the support 22 to slide on the joining floor 8 under the action of the winches 12 4 and cables 12 5 (not shown) when are put into action ..
  • said guiding device can just as easily be left in place. It is then opening, so as to be able to release the riser which is then supported by a second device guiding the same function, but with the difference that the transfer operation being of short duration and being carried out preferably in calm time, said guiding device can be greatly simplified.

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  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
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Claims (31)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Halten und Führen einer Steigleitung (1) in Bezug auf einen schwimmenden Träger (2), umfassend Führungsmittel, welche das Gleiten der Steigleitung entlang ihrer Längsachse (ZZ') ermöglichen und die ihre seitlichen Bewegungen auf einer horizontalen Ebene (XX', YY') führen, welche zur Längsachse der Steigleitung senkrecht verläuft,
          dadurch gekennzeichnet,    daß die Vorrichtung Gelenkmittel (3) umfaßt, die mit dem schwimmenden Träger einstückig sind, wodurch ermöglicht wird:
    a) die Rotation der Steigleitung um eine horizontale Achse (XX', YY'), die senkrecht zur Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung verläuft, in der Begrenzung eines Halbwinkels an der Spitze, der kleiner oder gleich 10° ist, wobei die horizontale Achse und die Spitze des Kegels im wesentlichen in der Mitte der Steigleitung und auf dem Niveau der Mittelebene (4) der Zone entlang der Längsachse (ZZ') angeordnet sind, wo sich die Gelenkmittel (3) befinden, und
    b) die Gleitbewegungen der Steigleitung entlang der Längsachse (ZZ') und die Führung der seitlichen Bewegungen der Steigleitung auf einer Ebene (XX', YY'), die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längsachse der Steigleitung verläuft, und
          wobei die Gelenkmittel (3) umfassen:
    erste Reibungsschuhe (5), die auf einem Schuhträger (7) befestigt sind, wodurch das Schwenken der Schuhe (5) um eine Achse (6) herum ermöglicht wird, welche zur Längsachse der Steigleitung (ZZ') senkrecht verläuft und
    wobei die ersten Schuhe (5) mit Rollen oder zweiten Reibungsschuhen zusammenwirken, vorzugsweise mit Rollen (9), so daß die Rollen (9) oder die zweiten Schuhe auf der Steigleitung anliegen und deren Gleiten ermöglichen und wobei die Steigleitung nur auf den ersten Schuhen (5) zum Anliegen kommt, wenn die Rollen (9) oder die zweiten Schuhe sich unter der Wirkung der seitlichen Bewegungen der Steigleitung verschieben.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe (5) in Bezug auf eine Achse (6) schwenken können, welche mit dem Schuhträger (7) einstückig ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe (5) in Bezug auf den Schuhträger (7) feststehend sind und der Schuhträger (7) in Bezug auf den schwimmenden Träger schwenken kann, um das Schwenken der Schuhe um eine Achse (XX') herum zu ermöglichen, welche zu der Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung senkrecht ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe (5) auf einem rohrförmigen Element (7) angebracht sind, welches die Steigleitung koaxial zur Steigleitung umhüllt, wobei das rohrförmige Element (7) auf einem Kugelgelenk (8) befestigt ist, wodurch das Schwenken bzw. die Rotation der ersten Schuhe (5) und der Steigleitung (1) ermöglicht werden.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kugelgelenk (8) ein laminiertes Lager ist, in dessen Innerem das rohrförmige Element (7) eingelassen ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Schuhe oder vorzugsweise die Rollen (9) auf Achsen (10) befestigt sind, die zur vertikalen Achse (ZZ') der Steigleitung senkrecht sind, wobei die Achse (10) der Rollen (9) sich in Translation entlang einer Achse (XX', YY') bewegen kann, die zur Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung senkrecht ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe symmetrisch um die Steigleitung (1) herum verteilt sind und mindestens drei Schuhe umfassen, die vorzugsweise auf ein und demselben Niveau entlang der Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung angeordnet sind.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Schuhe oder vorzugsweise die Rollen (9) um die Steigleitung (1) herum symmetrisch in Bezug auf ihre Längsachse (ZZ') und mit mindestens drei Rollen angeordnet sind, deren Rotationsachsen vorzugsweise im wesentlichen auf ein und derselben Ebene angeordnet sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe (5) auf einer Achse (62) angeordnet sind, die im wesentlichen auf derselben horizontalen Ebene liegt wie die Achse der Rollen (9) und wobei die Schuhe (5) und die Rollen (9) nacheinander und symmetrisch um die Steigleitung (1) herum abwechselnd angeordnet sind.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe (5) und die Rollen (9) versetzt angeordnet sind, wobei ihre jeweiligen Schwenk- und Rotationsachsen auf jeweiligen unterschiedlichen Niveaus entlang der Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung angeordnet sind.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe (5) auf mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen Niveaus (P1 und P2) entlang der Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung angeordnet sind und daß die Niveaus (P1 und P2) in Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene, die im wesentlichen der Mittelebene (P0) der Zone entlang der Längsachse (ZZ') entspricht, wo sich die Gelenkmittel (3) befinden, symmetrisch angeordnet sind.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotationsachsen der Rollen (9) auf mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen Ebenen (P3, P4) angeordnet sind, die zur Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung senkrecht sind, und wobei die Ebenen (P3, P4) in Bezug auf eine horizontale Ebene (P0), welche im wesentlichen der Mittelebene der Zone entlang der Längsachse der Steigleitung entspricht, wo sich die Gelenkmittel (3) befinden, symmetrisch angeordnet sind.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe auf zwei unterschiedlichen Niveaus entlang der Längsachse (ZZ') der Steigleitung angeordnet sind, einem oberen Niveau (P1) und einem unteren Niveau (P2), und daß die zweiten Schuhe oder vorzugsweise die Rollen oberhalb des oberen Niveaus (P1) und unterhalb des unteren Niveaus (P2) angeordnet sind.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Schuhe (5) auf zwei unterschiedlichen Niveaus angeordnet sind, einem oberen Niveau (P1) und einem unteren Niveau (P2), und wobei die Rollen (9) zwischen den Niveaus (P1 und P2) angeordnet sind.
  15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie auf dem schwimmenden Träger angeordnet ist, um eine Steigleitung in ihrer Produktionsposition (11) zu halten und zu führen.
  16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mit Transfermitteln (12) zum Transfer einer Steigleitung von ihrer Produktionsposition zur Achse eines Bohrturms (13) verbunden ist.
  17. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie auf dem schwimmenden Träger angeordnet ist, um eine Steigleitung in Betriebsposition (14) in einem Bohrturm (13) zu halten und zu führen, der auf dem schwimmenden Träger installiert ist.
  18. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 15 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gelenkmittel (3) auf der Verbindungsplatte (4) zwischen der Steigleitung und dem schwimmenden Träger befestigt sind, die sich auf dem Niveau (P0) der Wand (20) des Hohlraums (23) des schwimmenden Trägers zwischen dem Brückenniveau (21) des schwimmenden Trägers und dem Wasserniveau (33) befindet.
  19. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 17 oder 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie umfaßt:
    Gelenkmittel (3), welche Schuhe (5) aufweisen, die vorzugsweise mit Rollen (9) zusammenwirken, welche auf einem ersten Niveau (P'1) und einem zweiten Niveau (P'2) entlang der Wand (20) des Hohlraums (23) des schwimmenden Trägers angeordnet sind, vorzugsweise jeweils oberhalb und unterhalb des Niveaus (P0) der Verbindungsplatte (4) zwischen der Steigleitung und dem schwimmenden Träger,
    das obere Niveau (P'1) und das untere Niveau (P'2), die ausreichend beabstandet sind, um die Steigleitung im wesentlichen koaxial zur Achse des Bohrturms zu halten und im wesentlichen vertikale Bewegungen entlang der vertikalen Achse (ZZ') der Steigleitung und des Bohrturms zu erlauben, wobei die winkeligen Bewegungen der Steigleitung in Bezug auf die Achse des Bohrturms unter 5°, vorzugsweise unter 2° liegen.
  20. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gelenkmittel (3) im Inneren eines Kragens (15) befestigt sind, welcher um die Steigleitung herum durch Kabel (16) in Position gehalten wird, die durch ein Spannungssystem (17) mit der Wand (20) des Hohlraums (23) des schwimmenden Trägers auf mindestens einem der Niveaus (P'1) und (P'2) verbunden sind.
  21. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Positionierung des Kragens (15) um die Steigleitung (1) herum durch Einstellung der Länge von zwei der Kabeln (16) erfolgt, wobei die anderen Kabel in Spannung gehalten werden.
  22. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie auf jedem der Niveaus P'1 und P'2 ein System von Gelenkarmen (18) umfaßt, welche Hydraulikzylinder (19) aufweisen und wobei an dem Ende der Arme die Gelenkmittel (3) angebracht sind; wobei jeder der Gelenkarme vorzugsweise in der Länge eingestellt werden kann, um zwischen der Achse der Steigleitung und der Achse des Bohrturms eine Zickzackführung zu schaffen.
  23. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das System von Gelenkarmen (18) zwischen einer geschlossenen und einer offenen Position bewegen kann, so daß
    in geschlossener Position die Gelenkmittel 3, vorzugsweise die Rollen (9), mit der Steigleitung in Kontakt sind, und
    in offener Position der Durchgang eines Schwimmkörpers (32) ermöglicht wird, der an die schwimmende Steigleitung angepaßt ist, wobei die Gelenkmittel, vorzugsweise die Rollen, mit dem Schwimmkörper in Kontakt bleiben.
  24. Verfahren zum Halten und Führen einer schwimmenden Steigleitung (1) in Bezug auf einen schwimmenden Träger (2), welches das Gleiten der Steigleitung entlang ihrer Längsachse (ZZ') ermöglicht und ihre seitlichen Bewegungen auf einer horizontalen Ebene (XX', YY'), die zur Steigleitung senkrecht ist, mit Hilfe einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 23 führt.
  25. Verfahren zum Transfer einer Steigleitung auf einem schwimmenden Träger von ihrer Produktionsposition (11) bis zu ihrer Position (12) innerhalb eines Bohrturms, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steigleitung (1) in einem Hohlraum (24) des schwimmenden Trägers verschoben wird, indem eine Vorrichtung zum Halten und Führen (9) der Steigleitung in Bezug auf den schwimmenden Träger, der selbst mit der Steigleitung (2) einstückig ist, gemäß Anspruch 16, verschoben wird.
  26. Verfahren zum Transfer nach Anspruch 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der schwimmende Träger von jenem Typ ist, welcher einen zentralen Hohlraum (23) aufweist, in dessen Inneren mehrere Steigleitungen (1) angeordnet sein können, und wobei der zentrale Hohlraum (23) mehrere Abteilungen (231) umfaßt, an deren Ende die Steigleitungen (1) in Produktionsposition (11) sind, wobei die Abteilungen mit einem zentralen Kanal (24) in Verbindung stehen, an dessen Ende ein Bohrturm (14) angeordnet (13) ist, wobei die Abteilungen quer in Bezug auf den zentralen Kanal (24) positioniert sind.
  27. Verfahren nach Anspruch 26, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abteilungen (23) und der zentrale Kanal (24) eine Verbindungsplatte (4) zwischen der Steigleitung und dem schwimmenden Träger auf jedem Ufer umfassen, wodurch ein kontinuierlicher Kanal definiert wird, der eine im wesentlichen konstante Breite aufweist, und wobei der schwimmende Träger Transfermittel (12) umfaßt, um die Steigleitungen (12) zwischen ihrer Produktionsposition (11) am Ende der Abteilungen (231) und der Position (13) des Bohrturms (14) zu verschieben, wobei die Transfermittel ermöglichen, eine Steigleitung entlang der Verbindungsplatte (4) zu verschieben, indem sie mit einer Vorrichtung zum Halten und Führen (3) der Steigleitung (1) zusammenwirken, wobei die Vorrichtung die Verbindung zwischen der Steigleitung und dem schwimmenden Träger gewährleistet.
  28. Verfahren zum Transfer nach Anspruch 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Transfermittel (12) feststehend und mit dem schwimmenden Träger einstückig sind.
  29. Verfahren zum Transfer nach Anspruch 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Transfermittel (12) eine Einheit von Winden (121) und Kabeln (122) umfassen, welche die Winden (121) mit der Steigleitung (1) verbinden.
  30. Verfahren zum Transfer nach Anspruch 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Transfermittel (12) einen beweglichen Schlitten entlang der Abteilungen (231) und des zentralen Kanals (24) aufweisen.
  31. Verfahren zum Transfer nach einem der Ansprüche 27 bis 30, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsplatte (4) mit Führungsschienen (123) versehen ist, welche es erlauben, die Transfermittel oder die Steigleitung entlang der Abteilungen (231) und des zentralen Kanals (24) zu verschieben.
EP00956617A 1999-08-09 2000-08-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum führen und halten eines steigrohrs, und verfahren zum überführen eines steigrohrs über einem schwimmenden träger Expired - Lifetime EP1204807B1 (de)

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FR9910417 1999-08-09
FR9910417A FR2797464B1 (fr) 1999-08-09 1999-08-09 Dispositif et procede de maintien et de guidage d'un riser, et procede de transfert d'un riser sur un support flottant
PCT/FR2000/002244 WO2001011184A1 (fr) 1999-08-09 2000-08-03 Dispositif et procede de maintien et de guidage d'un riser, et procede de transfert d'un riser sur un support flottant

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FR2797464A1 (fr) 2001-02-16
ATE307266T1 (de) 2005-11-15
NO20020465D0 (no) 2002-01-29
KR20020021682A (ko) 2002-03-21
US6672804B1 (en) 2004-01-06
BR0013258A (pt) 2002-04-16
WO2001011184A1 (fr) 2001-02-15
DE60023308D1 (de) 2006-03-02
NO20020465L (no) 2002-04-02
FR2797464B1 (fr) 2001-11-09
AU6850200A (en) 2001-03-05

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