EP2997220B1 - Vorrichtung zur verankerung einer laufbahnhalterung in einer vom meeresgrund bis zur oberfläche reichenden anlage - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur verankerung einer laufbahnhalterung in einer vom meeresgrund bis zur oberfläche reichenden anlage Download PDF

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EP2997220B1
EP2997220B1 EP14729411.0A EP14729411A EP2997220B1 EP 2997220 B1 EP2997220 B1 EP 2997220B1 EP 14729411 A EP14729411 A EP 14729411A EP 2997220 B1 EP2997220 B1 EP 2997220B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support structure
distance
tension
tendons
attachment points
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EP14729411.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2997220A1 (de
Inventor
François Régis PIONETTI
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Saipem SA
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Saipem SA
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/50—Anchored foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/01—Risers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/01—Risers
    • E21B17/012—Risers with buoyancy elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/08—Underwater guide bases, e.g. drilling templates; Levelling thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0095—Connections of subsea risers, piping or wiring with the offshore structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for anchoring a rigid structure maintained submerged in the subsurface by floats and anchored to the sea floor by tendons, useful for supporting a plurality of support elements and guide in the form of arch called chutes in an installation of bottom-surface connections between the same floating support and the bottom of the sea.
  • the present invention relates to an installation of multiple flexible bottom-surface connections between well heads, equipment or the ends of underwater pipes lying at the bottom of the sea and a floating support on the surface, comprising a multiplicity of flexible lines in particular flexible pipes, the lower ends of which are connected to the ends of a plurality of underwater pipes lying at the bottom of the sea or directly to well heads or equipment resting at the bottom of the sea.
  • flexible line means pipes or cables capable of accepting large deformations without generating significant restoring forces, such as flexible pipes defined below, but also cables or transfer pipes.
  • energy or information such as electric cables, control cables or hydraulic fluid transfer lines supplying hydraulic equipment such as cylinders or lines containing optical fibers; or a control umbilical comprising one or more hydraulic lines and / or electric cables for the transmission of energy and / or information.
  • the technical sector of the invention is more particularly the field of the manufacture and installation of bottom-surface connections for the underwater extraction of oil, gas or other material. soluble or fusible or a suspension of mineral matter from the submerged wellhead to a floating support, for the development of production fields installed in the open sea off the coast.
  • the main and immediate application of the invention being in the field of petroleum production.
  • the floating support generally comprises anchoring means to remain in position despite the effects of currents, winds and swell. It also generally comprises means for storing and processing petroleum as well as means for unloading towards tanker removers, the latter appearing at regular intervals to carry out the removal of production.
  • the common name of these floating supports is the Anglo-Saxon term “Floating Production Storage Offloading” (meaning “floating means of storage, production and unloading") of which the abbreviated term "FPSO" is used throughout following description.
  • Step-surface connections made by continuously going up to the subsurface of the resistant and rigid pipes made up of tubular elements of very thick steel welded or screwed together, in chain configuration with a continuously variable curvature. throughout their length in suspension, commonly called “Steel Catenary Riser” (SCR) meaning “steel riser in the form of a chain” and also commonly called “rigid catenary type pipe” or “riser of SCR type”.
  • SCR Steel Catenary Riser
  • Such a catenary pipe can go up to the floating support on the surface or only to a float in the subsurface which tension its upper end, which upper end is then connected to a floating support by a flexible plunging connecting pipe.
  • flexible pipe is understood here to mean pipes known under the name “flexible”, well known to those skilled in the art and which have been described in the normative documents published by the American Petroleum Institute (API ), more particularly under the references API 17J and API RP 17 B. Such hoses are notably manufactured and marketed by the company TECHNIP-COFLEXIP France.
  • These flexible pipes generally comprise internal sealing layers made of thermoplastic materials associated with layers resistant to the pressure internal to the pipe, generally made of steel or of composite materials produced in the form of spiral bands, contiguous inside the thermoplastic pipe to resist internal bursting pressure and completed by external reinforcements above the thermoplastic tubular layer also in the form of contiguous spiral strips, but with a pitch longer, that is to say an angle of inclination of the lower propeller, in particular from 15 ° to 55 °.
  • each of said bottom-surface connections must be kept away from its immediate neighbors to avoid any interference. and any shock, not only at the level of the floats, but also at the level of the flexible conduits and the electric cables and other flexible lines such as electric cables or umbilicals of transfer of information signals ensuring connection with said floating support, when said flexible pipes are subjected to the effects of current, and that said floating support is itself subjected to swell, wind and current.
  • each of the well heads is individually connected to said floating support and we are then left with a very large amount of bottom-surface connections that we no longer know how to install because the length of the plating of the support is limited and therefore only accepts a limited number of bottom-surface links.
  • the flexible conduits are implemented by passing through arch-shaped guide elements called troughs defining a rigid support surface of convex curved shape explained below, to delimit 2 portions of flexible conduits comprising a first portion of flexible pipe in double plunging chain configuration between floating support and said chute and a second portion of flexible pipe in simple chain configuration between said chute and the point of contact and tangency of said flexible pipe with the bottom of the sea.
  • the radius of curvature of the longitudinal curvature with a downwardly concavity is greater than the minimum radius of curvature of the pipe passing through said chute.
  • Such a chute makes it possible to give the flexible pipe portion that it supports a controlled curvature to avoid excessive curvature which would irreparably degrade said pipe.
  • trunking and flexible pipe arrangements The function of these trunking and flexible pipe arrangements is to create a double plunging chain curve upstream of the trunking between the floating support and the trunking, in order to avoid or reduce as much as possible the stresses and displacements of the flexible conduits at level of their points of contact with the sea floor which deconstruct the sea floor by creating trenches and weaken the pipe due to alternating bending in the area of the point of contact, forcing it to strengthen its structure and / or protect the sea floor .
  • the stresses and displacements of the point of contact of the flexible pipe with the sea floor are effectively reduced due to the fact that the stresses and displacements of pipes are absorbed by the first portion of flexible pipe in the form of a double plunging chain created by the passage of the pipe. on said chute, this first portion being more stressed to absorb the horizontal displacements of the floating support than the second portion of flexible pipe in single chain.
  • a said submarine flexible line suspended at its two ends takes its own weight in the form of a curve known as a double plunging chain, known to those skilled in the art, that is to say descending in configuration chain to a low point of horizontal tangent (see below) to then ascend to said floating support, which plunging chain allows significant movements of its ends absorbed by the deformations of the flexible pipe, in particular the rise or descent of said low point of the plunging chain.
  • a double plunging chain known to those skilled in the art, that is to say descending in configuration chain to a low point of horizontal tangent (see below) to then ascend to said floating support, which plunging chain allows significant movements of its ends absorbed by the deformations of the flexible pipe, in particular the rise or descent of said low point of the plunging chain.
  • the curvature varies along the chain from the upper end where its radius of curvature has a maximum value Rmax, to the point of contact with the ground where its radius of curvature has a minimum value Rmin (or R 0 in the above formula).
  • Rmax maximum value
  • Rmin minimum value
  • the essential function of the first portion of a double plunging chain of flexible pipe upstream of the chute is therefore, more precisely, to absorb, at least in part, the movements of the pipe and / or the movements of the floating supports to which said flexible line is connected, by mechanically decoupling the respective movements of said second portion of flexible pipe in a simple chain and of said floating support.
  • another function is also to reduce the traction forces exerted by said second portion of flexible pipe, on the marine equipment and / or the end of the pipe resting at the bottom of the sea to which it is connected, if necessary. .
  • pluralities of bottom-surface connections are described in which flexible conduits extend from a floating support to the bottom of the sea through a rigid support structure supporting a plurality of chutes all arranged at the same height side by side offset laterally, said chutes being supported by a said support structure resting at the bottom of the sea or by a said support structure suspended from floats and connected by no more than 2 tendons to a base anchored at the bottom of the sea.
  • the upper and lower ends tendons are connected to the support structure at the points of attachment of the to the support structure and respectively to the base at the levels of attachment points thereof here called “upper attachment points" and "points lower grip ".
  • a configuration is said to be “isostatic”, when the distribution of the forces in said tendons is unequivocal and therefore calculable in known manner.
  • the system becomes mechanically "hyperstatic", that is to say that the distribution of the forces in each of the tendons can no longer be calculated unequivocally.
  • hyperstatic as in the case of a four-legged stool, the whole becomes possibly wobbly, some tendons being able to take up a greater part of the load, while others will be less loaded, or in some cases completely soft, that is to say that they will not take any load.
  • a known but unsatisfactory solution for reducing the hyperstaticity of a multiple tendon system consists in designing a support structure for trunks having great flexibility, that is to say being able to deform significantly, which makes it possible to do participate then, but within certain limits, all of the tendons.
  • the main drawback of this configuration is that the fatigue and wear problems feared at the level of the tendons and their attachment points, are then transferred to the support structure and can thus lead, in the event of an incident, to worse damage. again.
  • Another problem is to provide an anchoring system for said support structure for which it is possible without difficulty to carry out maintenance operations consisting in changing any one of the tendons, without disturbing the operation of the device, therefore without the need to disconnect the lines and / or stop oil production.
  • the problem posed according to the present invention is therefore to provide an installation with a multiplicity of flexible bottom-surface pipe connections from the same support structure for troughs anchored to the sea bottom by a plurality of tendons d '' at least 3 tendons mechanically quasi or pseudo isostatic on the one hand and on the other hand whose maintenance is as easy as possible.
  • Another problem is to be able to carry out an easy fabrication and installation by fabrication and sequential laying of the various pipes from a surface laying vessel, and to optimize the implementation of the buoyancy and tensioning and anchoring means. of the trunking support structure in the case of an installation spread over time over a long period of time between the installation of the various flexible bottom-surface connections and this, without it being necessary to know at the start the number of connections to be laid, nor their characteristics in terms of dimensions, and unit weight.
  • Another problem of the present invention is also to provide an installation of flexible bottom-surface connections of great resistance and of low cost, and the methods for manufacturing and installing and maintaining the various constituent elements being simplified and also of low cost, and can be carried out at sea from a laying ship.
  • the present invention relates to a device as described in claim 1.
  • the distance variation device makes it possible to vary the distance between said support structure and said base.
  • said distance variation device when it is integral with said structure is fixed to said support structure on the underside thereof, and when it is integral with said base, said distance variation device is fixed on the upper surface of said base.
  • the decrease or increase in the distance between said support structure and said base causes an increase or respectively a decrease in the tension of said tendon.
  • the increase in the tension of said tendon can cause an elongation of said tendon with an increase proportional to the tension, of its length, in practice an elongation of less than 1%.
  • the variation in distance between said support structure and said base is substantially identical to the variation in distance between said lower (or upper) attachment point and said base (or respectively called support structure), the difference resulting from the variation in length of the tendon when the tension in said tendon increases because the distance between said base and said support structure decreases. More precisely, in this case, the variation in distance between said base and said support structure is slightly greater than the variation in distance between said lower (or upper) attachment point and said base (or respectively said support structure) due to tendon elongation.
  • the distance variation device makes it possible to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of a tendon as necessary by reducing the tension as necessary.
  • the distance variation device makes it possible to adjust the distance between the upper and lower attachment points between 0 and 3m, from preferably between 0 and 1.5m, which is sufficient to adjust the tensions as a function of the rebalancing required according to the loads created by said pipes or flexible lines at the level of the chutes.
  • said distance variation device can be integral (i) with said support structure in which case said upper attachment point is integral with the distance variation device or (ii) preferably secured to said base at the bottom of the sea in which case said lower attachment point is secured to the distance variation device.
  • said upper attachment points of said p tendons are arranged at said support structure and said lower attachment points of said p tendons are arranged at said distance variation devices, said distance variation devices being integral with said base, preferably fixed to the upper surface of said base, and each said distance variation device makes it possible to vary the distance between said lower attachment point and said base.
  • Intervention at the level of a distance variation device, for its actuation or its handling, is easier when it is fixed to the base because it is more free, in particular to allow handling with the aid of an underwater robot as described below, only when it is positioned on the underside of the support structure, taking into account the space requirements linked to the multiplicity of flexible pipes and lines passing at the level of the troughs.
  • the distance varying device is a device for varying the distance between said lower attachment point and said base.
  • a said tendon consists of a cable or a chain or even of a rigid bar articulated at its ends.
  • said tendon connected to a said distance variation device is a cable or a simple chain.
  • the two tendons not connected to a said distance variation device are located at the two opposite longitudinal ends of the support structure preferably with their two corresponding upper attachment points arranged diagonally.
  • the upper attachment points of the three said tendons are in a substantially horizontal plane and form a triangle, preferably the closest to an equilateral triangle.
  • all the tendons are connected to a said distance variation device.
  • a device comprising a rigid support structure for a plurality of chutes of the type described above, said structure being anchored by a plurality of anchor lines, the upper attachment points of which are arranged in pairs in four zones of the structure, the four zones being arranged in a trapezoid.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved installation of a large quantity of flexible bottom-surface connections making it possible to connect a floating support with a plurality of well heads and / or underwater installations installed at the bottom of the sea, comprising a support structure for submerged troughs anchored at the bottom to the sea by a plurality of tendons which overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above.
  • the present invention provides a device as described in claim 1.
  • said support structure which is not part of this invention has a longitudinal shape of substantially rectangular section in horizontal section, and the at least 3 said first upper attachment points are arranged near each of the longitudinal ends of said structure. support.
  • two of said attachment points are arranged near a first longitudinal end, the other said attachment point being disposed on the side of the opposite longitudinal end of said support structure.
  • all of said upper attachment points are distributed for half of one side of a diameter of said circle and for the other half of the other side of said diameter, so that preferably the result of the tensions exerted by said tendons at their said upper attachment points on said rigid structure is applied near the center of gravity of said rigid structure corresponding substantially to the center of said circle.
  • all of said upper attachment points are distributed so as to be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of said circle.
  • At least two said upper attachment points are diametrically opposite and arranged in the vicinity respectively of each of the opposite longitudinal ends of said support structure.
  • said upper attachment points according to the present invention are arranged and spaced in a horizontal section plane of said structure so that at least two upper attachment points inscribed in said circle (C) are arranged at proximity respectively of each of the opposite longitudinal ends of said support structure and at least two said upper attachment points inscribed on the circle (C) are disposed respectively near each of the ends opposite transverse of said support structure, said transverse direction being the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of said support structure in said plane of horizontal section.
  • the form of support structure described in claim 1 is most practical for supporting a plurality of troughs arranged in parallel juxtaposed laterally and successively in said longitudinal direction.
  • the other 5 tendons arranged in a trapezium ensure stabilization of the support structure during the replacement of said tendon to be replaced.
  • said support structure comprises two parts articulated in rotation about an axis of rotation (X1 X ' 1 ), substantially horizontal, preferably median, capable of allowing a relative rotation of each of the two said articulated parts l '' with respect to each other, from an angle of -10 ° to + 10 °, preferably from -5 ° to + 5 °, said rotation being limited by upper stops and lower stops of each of the two said articulated parts of support structure, the two said articulated parts of support structure being preferably symmetrical with respect to a vertical median plane passing through said axis of rotation (X1 X ' 1 ), each of the two said articulated parts being connected to said base by at least three said tendons of which at least one, preferably all three, is (are) connected (s) at one of its (their) ends to a device for varying the distance.
  • X1 X ' 1 substantially horizontal, preferably median, capable of allowing a relative rotation of each of the two said articulated parts l '' with respect to each
  • the upper attachment points of said first articulated part of support structure are arranged symmetrically, at the three upper attachment points of the second articulated part of support structure relative to the substantially vertical plane passing through said axis of rotation, preferably in an isosceles triangle.
  • This embodiment in two articulated parts is particularly advantageous for very large support structures, because it reduces the overall rigidity and facilitates the adjustment of the tendon tensions due to the relative independence of the tendons of each of the two. half structures.
  • the distance variation device can be a cable system with a said point of attachment at its end cooperating with drums, pulleys and / or winches or preferably a linear actuator type device of variable length, preferably of the type cylinder, either a mechanical cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the device according to the invention comprises at least one said distance variation device comprising a jack, preferably a mechanical or preferably hydraulic jack.
  • a hydraulic cylinder is advantageous because it allows the tension of said tendon to be correlated with the hydraulic pressure inside the cylinder body indicated by a pressure gauge or preferably a pressure sensor at an orifice of the cylinder body.
  • said lower attachment point is integral with the movable rod of a said hydraulic cylinder whose cylinder body is integral with the base.
  • said cylinder comprises a pressure gauge or preferably a pressure sensor at an orifice of the cylinder body and a locking device capable of lock the rod in position, preferably by sealing the cylinder chamber.
  • said hydraulic cylinder is connected or able to be connected to a central pressurization fluid supply on board an underwater robot preferably controlled from a second vessel on the surface.
  • said support structure supports from 5 to 12 arch-shaped chutes of 1.5 to 3 m radius of curvature, said support structure measuring from 3 to 5 m wide and 10 to 30 m long self-weight in air from 30 to 50 T and said support structure comprising buoyancy integrated on the underside of the chutes so that each said tendon is subjected to a tension of 0.5 to 10 T, preferably from 1 to 5 T, said tendon being sized to be able to withstand a voltage of a multiple of 2 to 4 of said voltage to which it is subjected.
  • said support structure is a metallic lattice structure extending longitudinally horizontally.
  • said rigid support structure is suspended from a submerged upper float to which it is connected by flexible connecting elements such as slings.
  • said support structure supports a plurality of chutes, preferably at least 5 chutes, offset laterally parallel in a direction (YY ') of said support structure, said chutes being in the form of an arch preferably symmetrically arranged by relative to a vertical longitudinal axial plane (YZ) of said support structure.
  • the present invention also provides an installation of bottom-surface links between the same floating support and the sea floor, comprising a plurality of flexible lines comprising flexible conduits extending from said floating support to the bottom of the sea where they are connected to wellheads, equipment or ends of underwater pipes lying at the bottom of the sea, said flexible lines being supported respectively by a said plurality of troughs each delimiting two pipe portions comprising a first flexible line portion in configuration double plunging chain between the floating support and said chute and a second flexible line portion in a simple chain configuration between said chute and the point of contact of the flexible pipe at the bottom of the sea, said chutes being supported by a support device trunking according to the invention.
  • the present invention also provides a method for modifying the tensions to which the various said tendons of a support device according to the invention are subjected, characterized in that at least one said distance variation device is actuated so as to adjust the tension of said tension. tendon to which it is connected to a desired controlled value.
  • the present invention also provides a method according to the invention characterized in that the voltage of a said is reduced tendon by actuating a said distance variation device to which it is connected, then the tendon is replaced.
  • the present invention also provides a method according to the invention characterized in that the mechanical connection of the different tendons at said support structure is made mechanically almost isostatic by actuating at least one said distance variation device.
  • quadsi isostatic is understood here to mean, in a known manner, the fact that the tension in each of the tendons is known and that during the movements of the support structure of chutes under the effects of swell, current and displacements of the floating support , said trunking support structure moving substantially in a horizontal plane, the tension in each of said tendons varies in known manner and within a limit fixed by the overall geometry of said tendons, preferably parallel to each other.
  • FIG. 1 an installation of bottom-surface connections is shown comprising two flexible conduits or electric cables 1a, 1b connected at one end 2a to a floating support 2, held in position by anchoring lines 2b, the other end of said flexible conduits resting substantially at 1c at the bottom of the sea 3.
  • the flexible pipes 1a, 1b are in a plunging chain configuration descending from the floating support 2, to a point of horizontal tangency, 1a ', 1b' respectively, then in a chain configuration up to the inlet 4a1 of a chute, respectively 4a and 4b, whose radius of curvature R is greater than the minimum radius of curvature acceptable by said flexible conduits or said cables.
  • the flexible pipe enters it at 4a1 in the chute 4a, then rests on said chute and exits at 4a2 to join in the simple chain configuration 1a1, the sea floor 3 substantially at 1c.
  • Each of the chutes 4a, 4b, etc. is positioned in lateral offset, with respect to each other, on the structure 5, as shown in the Figures 2B and 3A .
  • the troughs of the same installation all have the same radius of curvature and are joined together by means of said structure 5.
  • Said structure comprises buoyancy elements 6 which can be either integrated 6a into said structure 5, or external , in general in the form of floats 6b situated above said structure and connected to the latter by means of a simple tendon 6c1, as shown in the figure 2A , or 6c2 crow's feet, as shown in the figure 2B .
  • the support structure 5 is maintained substantially at an altitude h with respect to the sea bottom thanks to a plurality of tendons 7 connected at their upper ends to upper attachment points 7a to said structure 5 and their lower ends to points d 'lower hook 7b to a base 8 resting on the seabed 3, for example a weight base, or a suction anchor sunk into the ground hereinafter called foundation.
  • the support structure 5 is connected to its base 8 by means of two tendons, connected if necessary to said support structure 5 by means of a crow's feet (not shown).
  • the rupture of a tendon either leads to the ruin of the installation as in the case of the figure 2A where the tendon is unique, or leads to an imbalance dangerous structure 5 in the case of two tendons as shown in the figure 2B , or in the case of three tendons arranged in a triangle in a non-substantially vertical plane.
  • This then generally results in a very significant, even complete, tilting of the structure 5 which risks irreparably damaging the flexible conduits or the electric cables and thus leading to partial or total ruin of the bottom-surface installation.
  • the structure 5 is then completely free to move upwards and in all directions, without any possible control.
  • such incidents risk causing major pollution in the case of crude oil production lines.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously anchors the structure 5 by means of at least 6 tendons preferably distributed from symmetrically on either side of the YY axis of said structure 5 as shown from below on the figure 3B .
  • Each of the upper attachment points 7a1-7a2-7a3-7a4-7a5-7a6 of the structure is connected to the corresponding lower attachment point, not shown, respectively 7b1-7b2-7b3-7b4-7b5-7b6, by the intermediate a tendon, respectively 7 1 -7 2 -7 3 -7 4 -7 5 -7 6 , all the tendons preferably being parallel to each other and vertical.
  • the lower attachment points 7b1-7b2 have been illustrated, as well as the tendons 7 1 -7 2 , said lower attachment points being integral, according to the invention, not directly with the foundation 8, but with a distance variation device 10 used to adjust the distance L, respectively L 1 -L 2 , of said point of attachment lower than said foundation 8.
  • a rigid structure 5 anchored by two tendons connected to the foundation, or even three tendons , provided that the three upper attachment points 7a of said tendons are not aligned, nor located in the same vertical plane, have mechanically a configuration called “isostatic”, that is to say that the distribution of forces in said tendons is unequivocal therefore calculable in a known manner, in particular as a function of the distribution of the load supported by the support structure 5 and of the buoyancy elements integrated into said structure.
  • the system becomes "hyperstatic", that is to say that the distribution of the forces in each of the tendons can no longer be calculated unequivocally.
  • One solution to reduce the hyperstaticity of the multi-tendon system consists in designing a structure 5 having a great flexibility, that is to say being able to deform in a significant way, which makes it possible to involve then, but within certain limits, all of the tendons.
  • the main drawback of this configuration is that the fatigue and wear problems feared at the level of the tendons and their fixing points, are then transferred to the structure 5 and can thus lead, in the event of an incident, to even worse damage.
  • a device for varying the distance 10 according to l is advantageously installed on the tendons, preferably on each of the tendons. invention, able to allow the adjustment of the distance between its upper attachment point 7a to the structure 5 and its lower attachment point to the foundation 8.
  • FIG. 3 a side view has been shown of a device intended to make the overall device for anchoring the structure 5 on the base 8 almost quasi-isostatic, whatever the number of tendons 7, that is to say 3 tendons in the case of a single row of tendons located in the same longitudinal vertical median plane of the structure 5, or preferably six tendons arranged in a rectangle in the case of two parallel rows of 3 tendons substantially aligned in the same substantially vertical plane arranged respectively on the lengths of the rectangle with 4 attachment points greater than the 4 angles of the rectangle as shown in the Figures 3B , 3C and 3D .
  • the two intermediate upper attachment points 7a3 and 7a4 are arranged at the level of the median transverse axis XX of the structure 5 while on the figure 3C the two intermediate upper attachment points 7a3 and 7a4 are offset on either side of the median transverse axis XX of the structure 5.
  • two intermediate upper attachment points 7a3 and 7a4 are offset on either side of the median transverse axis XX of the structure and offset along XX outside the long sides of the rectangle, so that they are joined to said structure 5, but cantilevered.
  • a small side of the rectangle is bordered by 2 attachment points upper angle 7a1, 7a2, the opposite side of the rectangle in the longitudinal direction comprising a single upper attachment point 7a6 in the middle position.
  • all of the upper attachment points of the tendons are then on or inside the circle C circumscribed in the rectangle formed by the four upper attachment points 7a1, 7a2, 7a5, 7a6 at the 4 angles. (( fig.3D ) or of the circle circumscribed to the triangle formed by the 3 upper attachment points 7a1, 7a2 and 7a6 ( fig.3E ).
  • a non-symmetrical configuration such as on the Figures 3C, 3D or 3E advantageously in certain cases of disparities in sizes of flexible conduits, that is to say of disparities in the vertical forces induced by these conduits and their respective implantation on said structure 5 as well as in the distribution of the buoyancy elements.
  • quadsi-isostatic is understood here to mean that all the tendons collaborate in the recovery of the tension created by the resulting buoyancy directed upwards and that each of said tendons takes up substantially a known and adjustable percentage of said overall tension.
  • the distance variation and quasi-isostatic adjustment device 10 makes it possible, at each of the tendons of the device, and individually, to adjust the distance between the base 8 and the structure 5, and thus distributing in a perfectly controlled manner the unit load in each of said tendons, therefore making the device almost isostatic.
  • the altitude L relative to the foundation 8, of the lower attachment point 7b of the tendon 7 can be adjusted by means of the distance variation device 10 shown here as being a hydraulic cylinder with mechanical locking of the rod, known of those skilled in the art.
  • Said distance variation device 10 according to the invention consists of a jack body 10a integral with the base, and a jack rod 10b at the top of which is the lower attachment point 7b of the tendon 7.
  • the axis of said jack 10a-10b is preferably vertical.
  • the cylinder body 10a is provided with an orifice 11 allowing said cylinder to be connected by a conduit 11a to a hydraulic unit (not shown) available on board a ROV 13, an automatic submarine piloted from an installation ship 14 surface.
  • the actuator rod is forced to retract lengthwise downwards and the distance between the base 8 and the structure 5 is therefore adjusted and reduced, and therefore the lengths, which has the effect of increasing the tension at the tendon concerned.
  • the load taken up by each of the tendons is thus advantageously and perfectly controlled, which makes the whole "quasi-isostatic".
  • the pressurization or depressurization of a said jack makes it possible to adjust the distance between the foundation 8 and the upper attachment point 7a at the level of each of the tendons and individually, and therefore to adjust the percentage of the overall tension T taken up individually by said tendon.
  • a locking device in position 12-12a of the rod 10b of the jack is actuated, then the pressure of the jack is released and the hydraulic supply hose 11a is disconnected.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown on the right the distance variation device 10 relating to the tendon 7 2 in the locked position 12a at altitude L2, and on the left, the distance variation device 10 relating to the tendon 7 1 during adjustment to the altitude L1, the ROV 13 (automatic intervention submarine piloted from the surface) connected by the conduit 13a to the orifice of pressurization 11 being adjusting the pressure P of the jack, therefore the tension in said tendon 7 1 .
  • the locking device 12 is maintained in the open position 12b, so the jack is free to move in elongation or in retraction.
  • each of the tendons 7 it is generally preferred to equip each of the tendons 7 with its own distance variation device 10.
  • n tendons it may be sufficient to have n-2 distance variation devices 10
  • the two non-adjustable tendons preferably situated at the opposite longitudinal ends of the structure 5, then define the substantially horizontal axis of reference for anchoring the structure 5 with respect to the base 8, l 'Adjustment of each of the other tendons then makes the system almost isostatic, therefore allows the load to be distributed in a controlled manner over each of the tendons.
  • n-3 distance variation devices 10 for n tendons the three non-adjustable and non-aligned tendons, then defining a substantially horizontal triangle and therefore a substantially horizontal reference plane. for the structure 5 vis-à-vis the base 8.
  • the adjustment of each of the other tendons then makes the system almost isostatic, therefore allows the load to be distributed in a controlled manner over each of the tendons, but these three alternatives do not constitute the preferred version of the invention.
  • the distance variation and adjustment device 10 has been described on the basis of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, since the measurement of the pressure P of the cylinder thus makes it possible to know very precisely the tension T applied in the tendon concerned.
  • a distance variation device 10 constituted by a mechanical screw or rack actuator. But, in this case, it is also necessary to integrate into said device a cell for measuring the charge or voltage applied to said tendon such as a dynamometer with direct reading by an ROV, or with data transmission to the surface until position of command located on board the floating support, so that the distribution of all the loads in the various tendons can be adjusted correctly.
  • the cylinder 10 is devoid of rod locking device 12, but is hydraulically blocked by sealed closure at 11b of the internal chamber of said cylinder.
  • the cylinder is permanently under pressure and there is advantageously a pressure gauge or a pressure sensor permanently installed 11a on the orifice 11 of said cylinder.
  • a support structure 5 for trunking 4 has 5 to 12 trunking 1.5 to 3m radius of curvature and measure 3 to 5m wide, 5 to 30m long and its own weight in the air can reach and exceed 30 to 50 tonnes or more.
  • the buoyancy integrated 6a into the structure 5 or in the form of a float 6b situated above said structure is dimensioned so as to compensate for the self-weight of said structure 5 equipped with its chutes and various accessories not shown, as well as the self-weight of all the flexible pipes 1 in chain configuration.
  • An additional buoyancy 6a is integrated into the assembly so as to create a permanent upward tension of 3 to 60 tonnes, preferably from 6 to 30 tonnes.
  • the device according to the invention thus makes it possible to adjust the tension in the various tendons by substantially dividing the previous efforts by six, namely for each of the tendons, a permanent tension of 0.5 to 10 tonnes, preferably from 1 ton to 5 tonnes .
  • a permanent tension of 0.5 to 10 tonnes, preferably from 1 ton to 5 tonnes .
  • the tendons and their respective attachment points with a safety factor of 2 to 4, for example; thus, for a nominal force of 2 tonnes, the tendon and its attachment points are sized for forces of 5 to 10 tonnes. This avoids the problems of fatigue and wear as well as the risks of rupture, which even if it occurs, would not in any case endanger the bottom-surface connection as a whole.
  • the 3 upper attachment points 7a1-7a2-7a3 of said first articulated part of support structure 5-1 are arranged in an isosceles triangle symmetrically at the three upper attachment points 7a4-7a5-7a6 of the second articulated part of support structure 5 -2 relative to the substantially vertical plane passing through said axis of rotation ,.
  • buoying support is understood here to mean both a barge or a ship and a semi-submersible platform of the type described above.
  • said upper part of the support structure, supporting or on which said chutes are fixed according to the present invention is a rigid structure other than a float.
  • a said flexible pipe is held in a said chute by retaining means and / or hooking means. This characteristic aims to stabilize all of the flexible conduits and to promote the stresses and displacements in said first portion of said flexible conduits.
  • the support structure 5 for trunking is a rigid structure, but the stresses and displacements in particular at the point of contact of the pipes with the sea floor are nevertheless considerably reduced due to the tensioning of said support structure by said floats.
  • the ends of the troughs include a deflector whose profile is able to avoid damaging the portion of flexible pipe which can come into contact with said deflector during laying of the pipe on a said lower chute.
  • the top of the bottom of the chute is the point located at mid-curvilinear length of the chute.
  • Said support structure can also support troughs used for guiding and supporting flexible lines other than said flexible pipes and therefore of smaller diameter.
  • the troughs have been described as being portions of truncated torus having a circular cross section whose diameter is slightly greater than the diameter of the flexible pipe, but the shape of the arch in the plane XZ 'can all as well as being of the ellipse, parabolic or any other shape with variable curvature, the maximum curvature of which is less than the critical limit curvature of said flexible pipe.
  • the cross section of the trough can be of any shape, for example U-shaped, it being understood that the internal width of the U in the trough portion is slightly greater than the diameter of the flexible pipe.
  • a locking device secures each of the hoses to its respective chute, so as to avoid any axial sliding of said hose relative to its own chute.
  • the radius of curvature of the various chutes has been shown in the various figures as being identical, but it is advantageous to adopt radii of curvature adapted to each of the pipes, which will make it possible to minimize the weight of the assembly and thus reduce the buoyancy required .
  • the simple chains 1a, 1b are deformed so significant when the floating support 2 moves with the swell, the wind and the currents. On the other hand, the simple chain portions 1a1 and 1b1 will deform very little and therefore remain substantially fixed whatever the movements of the floating support.
  • the distance variation and adjustment device 10 has been described as being secured at one of its ends either to the base 8 or to the structure 5, the other end being secured to the tendon, but said device 10 can also be secured on one side of said tendon and on the other, an articulated connection, for example a second tendon, the latter being secured at its other end either of the base 8, or of the structure 5.
  • said device 10 is located between a first tendon and a second tendon, however, this particular arrangement does not constitute the preferred version of the invention.

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Claims (20)

  1. Vorrichtung, die eine steife Tragstruktur (5) umfasst, die durch Schwimmer (6) unterhalb der Wasseroberfläche eingetaucht und am Meeresgrund durch Spannglieder (7) verankert gehalten wird, und die nützlich ist, um mehrere Trag- und Führungselemente in Bogenform, die als Kabelrinnen (4) bezeichnet werden, in einer Installation von Verbindungen zwischen Grund und Oberfläche zwischen demselben schwimmenden Träger (2) und dem Meeresgrund (3) zu tragen, umfassend mehrere flexible Leitungen, die flexible Kanäle (1, 1a, 1b) umfassen, die sich bis zum Meeresgrund erstrecken, wo sie mit Bohrlochköpfen, Ausrüstung oder Enden von unterseeischen Kanälen verbunden werden, die am Meeresgrund ruhen, wobei die flexiblen Leitungen jeweils durch die mehreren Kabelrinnen getragen werden,
    wobei in der Vorrichtung:
    - die Kabelrinnen-Tragstruktur (5) mit einer Basis (8) verbunden ist, die am Meeresgrund ruht und/oder durch eine Vielzahl von n Spanngliedern verankert ist, die im Wesentlichen parallel, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen vertikal, durch die Schwimmer verspannt sind, wobei n mindestens gleich 6 ist, wobei eine Vielzahl von p der Spannglieder (7) von den n Spanngliedern, wobei p mindestens gleich (n - 2) ist, an einem ihrer Enden (7a, 7b) jeweils mit einer Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) verbunden ist, wobei die Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands mit der Basis (8) oder der Tragstruktur (5) verbunden oder mit der Basis (8) oder der Tragstruktur (5) einteilig ist, wobei das andere Ende des Spannglieds an einem Aufhängungspunkt fixiert ist, der jeweils mit der Tragstruktur (5) oder der Basis (8) einteilig ist, wobei die Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) dazu geeignet ist, betätigt zu werden, um den Abstand zwischen ihrem Aufhängungspunkt an dem Spannglied und der Basis oder der Tragstruktur, an welcher sie fixiert oder mit welcher sie verbunden ist, zu verändern, und
    - das obere Ende des Spannglieds an einem oberen Aufhängungspunkt (7a) fixiert ist, der jeweils mit der Tragstruktur (5) oder der Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) einteilig ist, wobei das untere Ende des Spannglieds an einem unteren Aufhängungspunkt (7b) fixiert ist, der jeweils mit der Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) oder der Basis (8) einteilig ist, wobei die Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) dazu geeignet ist:
    - den Abstand zwischen (i) dem oberen Aufhängungspunkt (7a) und der Tragstruktur zu verändern, wenn die Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) mit der Tragstruktur (5) einteilig ist, oder
    - den Abstand zwischen (i) einem unteren Aufhängungspunkt (7b) und der Basis (8) zu verändern, wenn die Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) mit der Basis (8) einteilig ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur (5) eine längliche Form mit im Wesentlichen rechteckigem Querschnitt in der Horizontalen aufweist, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen symmetrisch in Bezug auf eine vertikale Längsmittelebene (YZ), wobei die Vorrichtung mindestens 6 Spannglieder beinhaltet, die jeweils mit einer Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) verbunden sind, und die Tragstruktur (5) mindestens 6 obere Aufhängungspunkte (7a) beinhaltet, von welchen 4 obere Aufhängungspunkte (7a1, 7a2, 7a5, 7a6) die 4 Ecken eines Rechtecks definieren, und die zwei anderen oberen Aufhängungspunkte (7a3, 7a4) innerhalb eines Kreises (C), der das Rechteck umschreibt, an den oder in der Nähe der zwei langen Seiten des Recktecks, angeordnet sind, wobei die 4 Eck-Aufhängungspunkte (7a1, 7a2, 7a5, 7a6) in der Nähe der Längsenden der Tragstruktur (5) angeordnet sind.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwei anderen oberen Aufhängungspunkte (7a3, 7a4) innerhalb des Kreises (C), der das Rechteck umschreibt, an der Quermittelachse (XX') des Rechtecks angeordnet sind.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur von mindestens einem integrierten unteren Schwimmer (6a) getragen wird, an welchem sie fixiert ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur (5) zwei zur Drehung (5-1, 5-2) um eine im Wesentlichen horizontale, vorzugsweise mittlere Drehachse (X1 X'1) angelenkte Teile umfasst, die dazu geeignet ist, eine relative Drehung eines jeden der zwei angelenkten Teile in Bezug auf den jeweils anderen um einen Winkel von -10° bis +10°, vorzugsweise von -5° bis + 5°, zu erlauben, wobei die Drehung durch obere Anschläge (5a) und untere Anschläge (5b) eines jeden der zwei angelenkten Teile der Tragstruktur begrenzt wird, wobei die zwei angelenkten Teile der Tragstruktur vorzugsweise in Bezug auf eine vertikale Mittelebene symmetrisch sind, die durch die Drehachse (X1 X'1) hindurch verläuft, wobei jeder der zwei angelenkten Teile (5-1, 5-2) mit der Basis durch die mindestens drei Spannglieder verbunden ist, von welchen mindestens die drei an einem ihrer Enden mit einer Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) verbunden sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder angelenkte Teil (5-1, 5-2) der Tragstruktur (5) eine längliche Form mit im Wesentlichen rechteckigem Querschnitt in der Horizontalen aufweist, vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen symmetrisch in Bezug auf eine vertikale Längsmittelebene (YZ), wobei die Vorrichtung mindestens 6 Spannglieder beinhaltet, die jeweils mit einer Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) verbunden sind, und die Tragstruktur (5) mindestens 6 obere Aufhängungspunkte (7a) beinhaltet, wobei jeder angelenkte Teil (5-1, 5-2) der Tragstruktur (5) mindestens umfasst:
    - zwei obere Aufhängungspunkte (7a1-7a2, 7a5-7a6), die an Längsenden eines jeden angelenkten Teils, die am weitesten von der Drehachse (X1 X'1) entfernt sind, angeordnet sind, und
    - einen oberen Aufhängungspunkt (7a3, 7a4), der näher an der Drehachse angeordnet ist als ein Längsende.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die oberen Aufhängungspunkte (7a1-7a2-7a3) des ersten angelenkten Teils der Tragstruktur (5-1) in Bezug auf die im Wesentlichen vertikale Ebene, die durch die Drehachse hindurch verläuft, symmetrisch zu den drei oberen Aufhängungspunkten (7a4-7a5-7a6) des zweiten angelenkten Teils der Tragstruktur (5-2) angeordnet sind, vorzugsweise in einem gleichschenkeligen Dreieck.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die oberen Aufhängungspunkte (7a) der p Spannglieder an der Tragstruktur (5) angeordnet sind und die unteren Aufhängungspunkte (7b) der p Spannglieder an den Vorrichtungen zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) angeordnet sind, wobei die Vorrichtungen zur Veränderung des Abstands einteilig mit der Basis sind, vorzugsweise an der oberen Oberfläche der Basis (8) fixiert sind, und jede Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) es erlaubt, den Abstand zwischen dem unteren Aufhängungspunkt (7b) und der Basis zu verändern.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannglieder Seile oder Ketten sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens eine Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) umfasst, die einen Zylinder, vorzugsweise einen mechanischen oder vorzugsweise einen hydraulischen Zylinder umfasst.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der untere Aufhängungspunkt mit der beweglichen Stange (10b) eines Hydraulikzylinders einteilig ist, dessen Zylinderkörper (10a) einteilig mit der Basis (8) ist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zylinder ein Manometer (11c) oder vorzugsweise einen Drucksensor an einer Öffnung (11) des Zylinderkörpers sowie eine Sperrvorrichtung (11b, 12) umfasst, die dazu geeignet ist, die Stange in ihrer Position festzulegen, vorzugsweise durch dichtes Verschließen der Zylinderkammer.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hydraulikzylinder (10) mit einer Zentrale zur Versorgung mit Fluid zur Druckbeaufschlagung, die auf einem Unterwasser-Roboter (13) mitgeführt wird, der vorzugsweise von einem zweiten Schiff (14) an der Oberfläche gesteuert wird, verbunden (11a) ist oder geeignet ist, damit verbunden zu werden.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur (5) von 5 bis 11 Kabelrinnen in Bogenform mit einem Krümmungsradius von 1,5 bis 3 m trägt, wobei die Tragstruktur in der Breite 3 bis 5 m und in der Länge 10 bis 30 m misst und ein Eigengewicht an der Luft von 30 bis 50 T aufweist, und die Tragstruktur (5) eine solche integrierte Aufschwimmfähigkeit der Kabelrinnen unter der Oberfläche umfasst, dass jedes Spannglied einer Spannung von 0,5 bis 10 T, vorzugsweise von 1 bis 5 T ausgesetzt ist, wobei das Spannglied so dimensioniert ist, dass es dazu geeignet ist, eine Spannung eines Mehrfachen von 2 bis 4 Mal der Spannung, der es ausgesetzt ist, auszuhalten.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur eine Metallstruktur in Fachwerkform ist, die sich der Länge nach horizontal erstreckt.
  15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die steife Tragstruktur an mindestens einem oberen eingetauchten Schwimmer (6b) angehängt ist, mit welchem sie durch nachgiebige Verbindungselemente wie Schlingen (6c) verbunden ist.
  16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragstruktur (5) mehrere Kabelrinnen (4), vorzugsweise mindestens 5 Kabelrinnen trägt, die seitlich versetzt und in einer Richtung (YY', Y1Y'1, Y2Y'2) der Tragstruktur (5) parallel sind, wobei die Kabelrinnen eine Bogenform aufweisen und vorzugsweise symmetrisch in Bezug auf eine vertikale axiale Längsebene (YZ) der Tragstruktur angeordnet sind.
  17. Installation von Verbindungen zwischen Grund und Oberfläche zwischen demselben schwimmenden Träger (2) und dem Meeresgrund (3), umfassend mehrere flexible Leitungen, die flexible Kanäle (1, 1a, 1b) umfassen, die sich von dem schwimmenden Träger bis zum Meeresgrund erstrecken, wo sie mit Bohrlochköpfen, Ausrüstung oder Enden von unterseeischen Kanälen verbunden werden, die am Meeresgrund ruhen, wobei die flexiblen Leitungen jeweils von den mehreren Kabelrinnen getragen werden, die jeweils zwei Kanalsektionen begrenzen, die eine erste Sektion der flexiblen Leitung (1-1) in Doppelkettenkonfiguration, die zwischen dem schwimmenden Träger (2) und der Kabelrinne eingetaucht ist, und eine zweite Sektion der flexiblen Leitung (1-2) in einfacher Kettenkonfiguration zwischen der Kabelrinne und dem Kontaktpunkt (1-2a, 1-2b) des flexiblen Kanals mit dem Meeresgrund umfassen, wobei die Kabelrinnen von einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16 getragen werden.
  18. Verfahren zur Veränderung der Spannungen, welchen die verschiedenen Spannglieder einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16 ausgesetzt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands (10) auf eine Weise betätigt wird, um die Spannung des Spannglieds, mit welchem sie verbunden ist, auf einen gewünschten gesteuerten Wert einzustellen.
  19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannung eines Spannglieds verringert wird, indem eine Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands, mit welcher es verbunden ist, betätigt wird und anschließend der Austausch des Spannglieds erfolgt.
  20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mechanische Verbindung der verschiedenen Spannglieder an der Tragstruktur mechanisch quasiisostatisch gemacht wird, indem mindestens eine Vorrichtung zur Veränderung des Abstands betätigt wird.
EP14729411.0A 2013-05-13 2014-05-12 Vorrichtung zur verankerung einer laufbahnhalterung in einer vom meeresgrund bis zur oberfläche reichenden anlage Active EP2997220B1 (de)

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FR1354277A FR3005484B1 (fr) 2013-05-13 2013-05-13 Dispositif d'ancrage d'un support de goulottes d'une installation fond-surface
PCT/FR2014/051096 WO2014184480A1 (fr) 2013-05-13 2014-05-12 Dispositif d'ancrage d'un support de goulottes d'une installation fond-surface

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FR3033358B1 (fr) * 2015-03-06 2017-03-31 Saipem Sa Installation comprenant au moins deux liaisons fond-surface comprenant des risers verticaux relies par des barres articulees
ITUB20152181A1 (it) * 2015-07-15 2017-01-15 Saipem Spa Dispositivo di appoggio di almeno una porzione di una struttura lineare per l’attraversamento di una topografia subacquea sconnessa, assieme comprendente detto dispositivo e metodo di appoggio
CN107217999B (zh) * 2017-07-13 2024-05-14 安世亚太科技股份有限公司 海洋钻探立管上部连接装置
CN112528382B (zh) * 2020-12-21 2023-09-26 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 多级平台的平马道三维自动开挖设计方法

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US20160115667A1 (en) 2016-04-28
AU2014267082A1 (en) 2015-11-12
US9702109B2 (en) 2017-07-11
FR3005484A1 (fr) 2014-11-14
BR112015028130A2 (pt) 2017-07-25
WO2014184480A1 (fr) 2014-11-20
FR3005484B1 (fr) 2017-12-22
AU2014267082B2 (en) 2016-07-07
EP2997220A1 (de) 2016-03-23
BR112015028130B1 (pt) 2022-01-11

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