EP0979923B1 - Einrichtung zur Ausbeutung einer Erdöllagerstätte in der See und Verfahren zur Aufstellung eines Risers - Google Patents

Einrichtung zur Ausbeutung einer Erdöllagerstätte in der See und Verfahren zur Aufstellung eines Risers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0979923B1
EP0979923B1 EP99402019A EP99402019A EP0979923B1 EP 0979923 B1 EP0979923 B1 EP 0979923B1 EP 99402019 A EP99402019 A EP 99402019A EP 99402019 A EP99402019 A EP 99402019A EP 0979923 B1 EP0979923 B1 EP 0979923B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
riser
float
platform
installation according
seabed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99402019A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0979923A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre-Armand Thomas
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Technip Energies France SAS
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Technip France SAS
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Application filed by Technip France SAS filed Critical Technip France SAS
Publication of EP0979923A1 publication Critical patent/EP0979923A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/002—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables specially adapted for underwater drilling
    • E21B19/004—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables specially adapted for underwater drilling supporting a riser from a drilling or production platform
    • E21B19/006—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables specially adapted for underwater drilling supporting a riser from a drilling or production platform including heave compensators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/01—Risers
    • E21B17/012—Risers with buoyancy elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an operating installation of a deposit at sea, of the type comprising a semi-submersible platform, at least one riser connecting the platform to the seabed F, and means for energizing said riser.
  • Semi-submersible platforms are intended for exploitation oil in deep seas or oceans (see US 4,473,323). They include a hull supported by legs whose lower part is connected to a hollow base. The legs are equipped with buoyancy chambers. The base and the caissons ensure the floatation and stability of the platform. The hull, attached to the legs, is kept above the surface of the sea during the operation of the installation.
  • risers generally designated by the English term “riser” connects the platform to the seabed.
  • These columns risers consist of metal tubes.
  • the floatation of the platform Due to the floatation of the platform, it is subject to on the one hand, changes in the level of the water due to the tide, and on the other hand to the movements of the swell. As a result, the means to power up the risers must be able to compensate the vertical movement of the platform over time.
  • the Maximum vertical deflection is commonly 4 to 12 m.
  • the powering means risers have hydropneumatically controlled cylinders arranged between the riser head and the platform. These cylinders must have a sufficient stroke to compensate for the displacement relative between the head of the riser and the platform. Of more, these must be powerful enough to withstand traction tensioning the riser.
  • the object of the invention is to propose an operating installation wherein, the power up of the or each riser does not does not require the implementation of complex and bulky means on the hull of the platform.
  • the subject of the invention is an operating installation of a deposit at sea, of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the means for powering up, for the or each riser, at least one submerged float, connected at a point of the current part of the riser for its traction towards the surface, and a mechanism of traction of the riser, which mechanism is installed on the platform and applied at the top of the riser.
  • FIG 1 is schematically represented a platform semi-submersible oil tanker 10. She is willing in a region of great depth, this being for example equal to 1300 m.
  • the platform essentially comprises an upper hull 12 extending above the surface M of the sea, when the platform is in operation phase.
  • the shell 12 is connected by four legs 14 provided of buoyancy chambers 15, to a lower submerged base 16.
  • the upper shell comprises non-residential buildings represented as well as a derrick 18.
  • the hull 12 and the base 16 are all two of square shape and have in their center through ducts 20, 22 for the passage of a riser 24.
  • the column 24 is connected at its lower end to an operating well.
  • FIG 1 only one riser 24 is shown. In practical, several risers are arranged between the platform 10 and the seabed. Vertical ducts similar to ducts 20 and 22 are provided for each riser.
  • the total weight of each riser 24 is, for example, 100 tons. Its diameter is 10 inches or about 25 cm.
  • Mooring lines 26, held under tension, are installed between the immersed base 16 and the seabed to immobilize the platform above the deposit.
  • Each riser 24 is associated with setting means under pressure.
  • these power-up means comprise, for each riser, at least one submerged float 28, connected to a point of the running part of the riser for its traction to the surface, and a pull mechanism of the column rising, which mechanism is installed on the platform 10 and is applied at the top of the riser 24.
  • the submerged float 28 is disposed at the depth of the base 16. It is thus mounted movable vertically in the passage 22.
  • the float 28 has the shape of a sleeve.
  • the float height is for example 13 m and its diameter outside is for example 4.5 meters.
  • a passage 32 is defined along the axis of the float. The riser 24 is engaged through of it.
  • the diameter of the passage 32 is for example 1.7 m. It is advantageous greater than three times the current diameter of the column rising 24.
  • the float 28 consists of a toroidal box 34 delimited by metal walls.
  • the interior of the box is filled with a synthetic foam 36 low density.
  • the box 34 is separated into three compartments distinct by radial partitions 38 extending over the entire height of the float. These partitions originate along the wall delimiting the passage 32 and protrude radially out of the casing 34.
  • Means 40 for guiding the float in the vertical direction are provided between the float 28 and the base 16 of the platform.
  • These guide means 40 comprise, for example, sliding pads 42 carried by the end of the radial partitions 38 projecting out of the caisson. These sliding pads are free to slide in slides guide 44 arranged longitudinally along the passage 22.
  • the guide rails 44 are for example defined by angles U-shaped extending along the entire thickness of the base 16 is about 10 m.
  • the pads 42 are continuous and extend over a length equal to that of the guide rails 44. As a variant, these consist of distinct elements distributed over the height of the radial partitions 38.
  • the positions slides and pads are reversed.
  • the skates which are then carried by the base, are integral with a guide sleeve reported and fixed in the through conduit 22.
  • the guide sleeve is removed and replaced by a shirt with new skates.
  • means 46 for axially connecting the float 28 and the riser 24 are provided in the passage 32. These means of link are formed by a ball-and-socket arrangement, allowing free movement angular of the riser 24 with respect to the float 28.
  • This ball-and-socket arrangement advantageously comprises an annular seat concave 48 integral with the float 28 and a collar with a convex surface 50 carried by the riser 24.
  • the annular seat 48 is advantageously arranged in half bottom of the passage 32. It defines a frustoconical concave surface 52 facing up. This is intended to form a bowl surface intended to support the collar 50.
  • the seat 48 is traversed by a conduit 54 adapted for the passage of the riser 24.
  • the conduit 54 for example a diameter of 1 m.
  • the flange 50 presents, facing the bearing surface 52 a convex surface 56, formed for example by a spherical crown.
  • the largest diameter of the flange 50 is smaller than the diameter from passage 32.
  • the riser 24 In its zone of connection to the flange 50, the riser 24 has an extra thickness, to strengthen its structure.
  • the thickness of the riser is progressively decreasing following two sections marked 57, 58 oriented respectively up and down.
  • These sections have for example each a length of 3 m. They constitute sections of variable inertia ensuring a regular distribution constraints along their entire length.
  • latches 60 constituting retractable stops adapted to selectively retain the float 28 and avoid the ascent of it.
  • the latches 60 each comprise for example a hydraulic actuator controllable from the hull 12 or from an intervention vehicle remote-controlled underwater. They allow the setting up of a penne 64 at the upper end of the slides 44.
  • the pins 64 are movable between a retracted position in which they allow a free sliding of the skids 42 in the slideways 44 and an active stop position as shown in FIGS. Figures 2 and 3, in which they prohibit the upward movement of skates 42.
  • the float is sized to apply on the riser a pulling force of between 1 and 3 times the weight of the column.
  • the force of traction exerted by the float is for example between 1000 kN and 2000 kN.
  • this traction force is substantially equal at 1500 kN.
  • the force applied by the mechanism of head tension 30 is substantially equal to 500 kN.
  • the float 28 is sized to apply on the riser a tensile force greater than the force of traction applied by the head traction mechanism 30.
  • the traction force of the float is between 1 and 10 times the tensile force applied by the traction mechanism of head.
  • the float applies on the riser a tensile force substantially equal to 3 times the applied traction force by the head traction mechanism 30.
  • the sizing of the float is carried out so that the capacity the head traction mechanism is not more than 500 kN.
  • the head traction mechanism 30, shown in FIG. 4 comprises two hydropneumatic cylinders 70 mounted in parallel.
  • a cable 76 for energizing the column rising 24 is engaged around the pulleys.
  • the cable 76 is passed on a deflection pulley 78 and directed towards the head of the riser at which it is fixed.
  • the cylinders 70 are supplied with a hydraulic fluid by a set of hydraulic pressure regulations noted 80.
  • the variation of the hydraulic pressure in the cylinders 70 allows the control of their travel.
  • the engagement of the cable 76 between the pulleys 72 and 74 ensures a reduction in the travel of the cylinders, so that for ensure at the level of the head of the riser 24 a deflection axial 15.2 m, the stroke of the cylinders is only 3.8 m.
  • the head traction mechanisms 30 are integrated into the thickness of the shell 12 as shown in Figure 1. Thus, they do not encumber not the upper deck of the hull 12.
  • the head traction means 30 are deported on the side walls of the hull, the cables 76 then flowing from the rail up to the column head through the hull 12.
  • the riser 24 is biased upwards both by the float 28 and by the traction means head 30.
  • the diameter of the duct 32 in which the column passes rising 24 being much greater than the diameter thereof, and the connection between the float and the riser being provided by a ball joint, the column rising is free to move angularly relative to the float, this which reduces the stresses applied on the riser 24.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5E show a first mode of implementation place of a riser 24.
  • the riser 24 is first submerged with its lower end kept at a distance from bottom F.
  • the float 28 is held in abutment against the pinnae 64, prohibiting thus the rise of the float.
  • the flange 50 is substantially at the depth of the seat 48.
  • the bottom of the float 28 outcrops substantially bottom of the base 16.
  • the platform 10 is ballasted, for example by partial filling of the base 16.
  • the platform 10 sinks to a depth l as shown in Figure 5B.
  • the depth l is for example equal to 1.5m.
  • the column rising 24 is raised upwards during the descent of the platform, so that the lower end of the riser stays apart of the seabed F of an interval J and is for example one meter from background.
  • the flange 50 is disposed above the seat 48 and is spaced therefrom by an interval K substantially equal to 1.5 m.
  • the next phase of the process is to first link the mechanism head traction 30 to the riser 24, then gradually déballaster the platform, until the flange 50 comes to bear on the seat 48, as shown in Figure 5D.
  • the platform 10 is thus raised by the interval K '.
  • the derrick 18 is gradually released to allow relative movement between the riser and the platform.
  • the float 28 exerts a restoring force towards the surface of the lower part of the riser.
  • the head traction means 30 are actuated so to ensure the traction of the upper section of the riser 24 included between the derrick 18 and the float 28.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6D Another method of setting up a riser of a installation according to the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 6A to 6D.
  • the hull 12 of the platform is equipped with winches 90 to suspend an annular ballast 92 above the float 28.
  • the ring ballast 92 is formed of two half-rings assembled around the riser 24. The length of the winch is sufficient to deposit the ballast 92 on the upper annular surface 28.
  • the weight of the ballast 92 is adapted to ensure the depression of the float 28 towards the bottom.
  • the riser 24 is submerged with its lower end held at a distance of the bottom F.
  • the float 28 is in abutment against pennes 64.
  • ballast 92 is then conveyed to the float. So, the float 28 is made to sink as shown in Figure 6B ,.
  • the ballast 92 is reassembled, as shown in Figure 6D.
  • the limit stop by the latch 60 having been disengaged, the float 28 tends to rise to the surface, so that it exerts on the riser 24 a force of upward traction applied to the flange 50.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Nutzung einer Lagerstätte im Meer in der Ausführung, die eine halb untergetauchte Plattform (10), mindestens ein die Plattform (10) mit dem Meeresboden F verbindendes Steigrohr (24) und Einrichtungen (28, 30) zum Aufbringen von Spannung auf das Steigrohr (24) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtungen zum Aufbringen von Spannung für das oder jedes Steigrohr (24) Folgendes aufweisen:
    mindestens einen Unterwasserschwimmkörper (28), der an einem Punkt des laufenden Abschnitts des Steigrohrs (24) zum Ziehen desselben an die Oberfläche angebunden ist, und
    eine Zugvorrichtung (30) für das Steigrohr (24), wobei die Zugvorrichtung (30) auf der Plattform (10) installiert und an dem Kopfende des Steigrohrs (24) angebracht ist,
    und dass sie Einrichtungen (60) zum Anschlag des Schwimmkörpers (28) an der Plattform (10) in Aufstiegsrichtung aufweist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Schwimmkörper (28) zum Aufbringen einer Zugkraft auf das Steigrohr (24) ausgebildet ist, welche größer ist als die von der Zugvorrichtung des Kopfendes aufgebrachte Zugkraft.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwimmkörper (28) zum Aufbringen einer Zugkraft auf das Steigrohr (24) ausgebildet ist, welche eine Größe zwischen dem einfachen und dreifachen Gewicht des Steigrohrs aufweist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Plattform (10) eine Unterwasserfußplatte (16) und einen aufgetauchten Rumpf (12) aufweist, welche durch Beine (14) verbunden sind, wobei der oder jeder Schwimmkörper (28) in der Tiefe der Fußplatte (16) angeordnet ist, und die Fußplatte (16) vertikale Führungseinrichtungen (40) des oder jedes Schwimmkörpers (28) aufweist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fußplatte (16) für jeden Schwimmkörper (28) einen vertikalen Durchgang (22) aufweist, durch welchen der Schwimmköper (28) axial hindurch bewegbar ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Schwimmkörper (28) einen hindurchgehenden Kanal (32) aufweist, in welchem sich das angebundene Steigrohr (24) erstreckt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtungen, welche die Verbindung zwischen dem oder jedem Schwimmer (28) und dem angebundenen Steigrohr (24) sicherstellen, eine kugel- bzw. kniescheibenförmige Verbindung (46) aufweisen.
  8. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 6 und 7 zusammengenommen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kugelförmige Verbindung (46) einen ringförmigen konkaven Sitz (48), welcher mit dem Schwimmkörper (28) in dem axialen Kanal (32) verbunden ist, und einen von dem Steigrohr (24) getragenen Bund (50) mit konvexer Oberfläche (56) ausweist, wobei der Bund (50) gegen den konkaven Sitz (48) zum Aufbringen des Zugs auf das Steigrohr (24) angesetzt ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der hindurchgehende Kanal (32) einen Durchmesser aufweist, der größer ist als der dreifache Durchmesser des Steigrohrs (24).
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugvorrichtung (30) des Kopfendes mindestens einen hydropneumatischen Verstellantrieb (70) mit einem Satz Flaschenzugseilrollen (72, 74) an jedem Ende aufweist, mit welchen mindestens ein Zugseil (76) in Eingriff steht, das an dem Steigrohr (24) angebracht ist.
  11. Verfahren zum Anordnen eines Steigrohres (24) einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Verfahrensschritte aufweist:
    a - Sicherstellen des Anlegens des Schwimmkörpers (28) an den Anschlag gegen die Plattform (10);
    b - Untertauchen des Steigrohrs (24), wobei sein unteres Ende in einem Abstand vom Meeresboden F gehalten wird;
    c - Versehen der Plattform (10) mit Ballast;
    d - Absenken des Steigrohrs (24) und Verbinden desselben mit dem Meeresboden F;
    e - Aufheben des Anschlags zwischen dem Schwimmkörper (28) und der Plattform (10); und
    f- Entfernen des Ballasts von der Plattform (10).
  12. Verfahren zum Anordnen eines Steigrohres (24) einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Verfahrensschritte aufweist:
    a - Sicherstellen des Anlegens des Schwimmkörpers (28) an den Anschlag gegen die Plattform (10);
    b - Untertauchen des Steigrohrs (24), wobei sein unteres Ende in einem Abstand vom Meeresboden F gehalten wird;
    c - Absenken des Schwimmkörpers (28) nach unten durch Aufbringen eines Ballasts (92) auf dem Schwimmer;
    d - Absenken des Steigrohrs (24) und Verbinden desselben mit dem Meeresboden F;
    e - Aufheben des Anschlags zwischen dem Schwimmkörper (28) und der Plattform (10); und
    f - Rückziehen des den Schwimmkörper (28) beschwerenden Ballasts (92).
EP99402019A 1998-08-11 1999-08-09 Einrichtung zur Ausbeutung einer Erdöllagerstätte in der See und Verfahren zur Aufstellung eines Risers Expired - Lifetime EP0979923B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9810301A FR2782341B1 (fr) 1998-08-11 1998-08-11 Installation d'exploitation d'un gisement en mer et procede d'implantation d'une colonne montante
FR9810301 1998-08-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0979923A1 EP0979923A1 (de) 2000-02-16
EP0979923B1 true EP0979923B1 (de) 2005-01-12

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EP99402019A Expired - Lifetime EP0979923B1 (de) 1998-08-11 1999-08-09 Einrichtung zur Ausbeutung einer Erdöllagerstätte in der See und Verfahren zur Aufstellung eines Risers

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US (2) US6347912B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0979923B1 (de)
AU (1) AU754800C (de)
BR (1) BR9904472A (de)
CA (1) CA2280399C (de)
EA (1) EA001520B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2782341B1 (de)
ID (1) ID25956A (de)
NO (1) NO315529B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2280399C (fr) 2007-10-02
NO993852L (no) 2000-02-14
EP0979923A1 (de) 2000-02-16
EA199900640A3 (ru) 2000-04-24
EA199900640A2 (ru) 2000-02-28
US20020048492A1 (en) 2002-04-25
BR9904472A (pt) 2000-08-29
AU754800B2 (en) 2002-11-28
NO315529B1 (no) 2003-09-15
EA001520B1 (ru) 2001-04-23
AU4347799A (en) 2000-03-02
AU754800C (en) 2003-06-12
FR2782341B1 (fr) 2000-11-03
FR2782341A1 (fr) 2000-02-18
NO993852D0 (no) 1999-08-10
CA2280399A1 (fr) 2000-02-11
US6406223B1 (en) 2002-06-18
ID25956A (id) 2000-11-16
US6347912B1 (en) 2002-02-19

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