EP1200374A1 - Acylation de friedel-crafts dans un micromelangeur statique - Google Patents

Acylation de friedel-crafts dans un micromelangeur statique

Info

Publication number
EP1200374A1
EP1200374A1 EP00943998A EP00943998A EP1200374A1 EP 1200374 A1 EP1200374 A1 EP 1200374A1 EP 00943998 A EP00943998 A EP 00943998A EP 00943998 A EP00943998 A EP 00943998A EP 1200374 A1 EP1200374 A1 EP 1200374A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction
acid
temperature
anhydride
microreactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00943998A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hanns Wurziger
Kai Fabian
Norbert Schwesinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merck Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Merck Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merck Patent GmbH filed Critical Merck Patent GmbH
Publication of EP1200374A1 publication Critical patent/EP1200374A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/45—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by condensation
    • C07C45/46—Friedel-Crafts reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J14/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquids with liquids; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0093—Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B41/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen
    • C07B41/06—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen of carbonyl groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00819—Materials of construction
    • B01J2219/00835—Comprising catalytically active material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00873—Heat exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00889—Mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/00905—Separation
    • B01J2219/00916—Separation by chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00781—Aspects relating to microreactors
    • B01J2219/0095—Control aspects
    • B01J2219/00984—Residence time

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for Friedel-Crafts acylation of organic compounds, preferably aromatics and heteroaromatics, with acylation reagents known from the literature.
  • Friedel-Crafts acylation is one of the most important reactions for the production of various ketones by CC linkage reactions, in particular for the synthesis of aromatic ketones (Izumi, J. and Mukaiyama, T .: Chemistry Letters 1966, 739).
  • aromatic ketones are part of a wide variety of chemical groups and are an outstanding feature of important pharmaceutical active ingredients.
  • Reactions of acid chlorides and anhydrides can also be carried out in the presence of catalysts; namely from Effenberger et. al. corresponding reactions are described, for the implementation of which trifluoromethanesulfonic acid is used as a catalyst.
  • catalysts namely from Effenberger et. al. corresponding reactions are described, for the implementation of which trifluoromethanesulfonic acid is used as a catalyst.
  • Effenberger, F. and Epple, G .: Ang. Chem. 84, 295, (1972) In the examples described, 1 mol% of the super acid trifluoromethanesulfonic acid led to satisfactory ketone yields even when quite unreactive aromatic substrates such as benzene were used.
  • Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid has been found to be a catalyst system that can accelerate the acylation of a large number of different aromatic compounds.
  • a method for acylation in the synthesis of tamoxifen was also published which is a commonly used anti-estrogen in the treatment of certain types of breast cancer.
  • a mixed anhydride was prepared in situ by dissolving 2-phenylbutyric acid in trifluoroacetic anhydride and catalysing it with 85% phosphoric acid.
  • the intermediate products possibly formed during this reaction are discussed in a later publication (Smyth, TP and Corby, BW: J. Org. Chem. 63, 8946, (1998).
  • the object is achieved by a process for Friedel-Crafts acylation of organic compounds, for the implementation of which a) a solution is prepared which contains an acylating reagent and a strong acid, and this with b) an organic compound, preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic Compound in liquid form or in solution c) in a temperature-controlled microreactor, the outlet channel of which is optionally connected to a capillary that is several meters long, is mixed intensively for a sufficient residence time, and the product formed during the reaction is isolated from the collected reaction mixture.
  • the invention thus also relates to a process for the implementation of which a temperature-controlled miniaturized flow-through reactor is used as the microreactor. According to the invention, this method can be carried out continuously.
  • the course of the reaction is preferably followed by chromatography. This can be done by gas chromatography but also by HPLC. However, other methods of analysis are also possible.
  • a flow reactor can be used to carry out the method, the channels of which have a diameter of 25 ⁇ m to 1 mm.
  • the flow rate in the microreactor is adjusted so that there is a residence time which corresponds at least to the maximum reaction time.
  • the flow rate in the microreactor is preferably set so that a residence time of 1.5 hours is achieved.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method in which the flow rate in the microreactor is set in the range from 3 ⁇ l / min to 10 ml / min.
  • the reaction can take place at a temperature in the range from -78 to 150 ° C.
  • the reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from 20 to 60 ° C.
  • an acid selected from the group chloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic anhydride, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and dihalogenated phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, a sulfonic acid such as alkyl sulfonic acid, e.g.
  • iron (III) halides As methanesulfonic acid, or arylsulfonic acid, iron (III) halides, tin tetrachloride, aluminum halides, alkyl aluminum halides, boron trihalides, BECI 2 , CdCI 2 , ZnCI 2 , GaCI 3 , SBCI 3 , BiCI 3 , TiCI 4 , ZrCI 4 , VCI 4 , SBCI 5 , metal alkyls, metal alkoxides, complex compounds such as ME2T ⁇ CI2, Pd (PPh3) 4 , RuCI2 (PPh3) 2 and other Lewis acids can be used.
  • An acid halide selected from the group of the aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, the mixed anhydrides of which are used with halocarboxylic acids and sulfonic acids and symmetrical anhydrides, ketenes, esters, lactones and amides (VI Minkiu, CN Davotenko, Russ. Chem. Rev. (Engl. Transl.) (1960), 29, 599).
  • a solution to the problem according to the invention is, however, that an acid anhydride from the group of mixed anhydrides and phenylbutyric anhydride is used as the acylation reagent.
  • the process can be carried out by using a compound selected from the group of olefins, aromatics, such as anisole, heteroaromatics, and metallocenes, as the organic compound.
  • Solvents selected from the group of chlorinated hydrocarbons, paraffins, ethers, acid amides, nitriles, carbon disulfide, nitroaliphatics and nitroaromatics can be used as solvents in the process of the present invention.
  • the strong acid based on the acylating agent, is added in a molar ratio of 1: 1 to 1: 1, 5, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 1, 2.
  • Good product yields are achieved if the molar ratio of the organic compound to the acylating agent is 1: 1 to 1: 1.5, preferably 1: 1 to 1.1: 1, 3.
  • Miniaturized flow reactors for organic reactions are known from various publications and patent applications in recent years. A particular advantage of these reactors is that there are only small amounts of reaction mixture in the reactor at all times. This type of reactor is therefore suitable for reactions that have to be carried out using particularly aggressive or environmentally hazardous chemicals.
  • reactors were used for the experiments, which can be produced using technologies that are used in the production of silicon chips (Schwesinger, N., Marufke, O., Stubenrauch, M., Hohmann, M. and Wurziger, H in MICRO SYSTEM Technologies 98, VDE-Verlag GmbH, Berlin and Offenbach 1998).
  • Such reactors are preferably produced by connecting thin silicon structures to one another.
  • comparable reactors can also be used which are made from other materials which are inert to the reaction media. What these miniaturized reactors have in common is that they have very thin channels, which in themselves tend very easily to become blocked by particles contained or formed in the reaction solution.
  • Micromixers are suitable for carrying out the acylations described, as described, for example, in WO 96/30113 A1. However, more simply designed static micromixers are also suitable, in which the liquids used are mixed sufficiently intensively in simple, cross-shaped channels and a sufficient residence time of the reaction mixture is ensured for the reaction in the reactor.
  • the process according to the invention can be used in the micromixer systems used. keep the temperature of the reaction mixture constant in each volume element. In addition, there are only very small quantities of starting material in the device at any time. This means that in the present micromixer system it is possible to carry out reactions which could previously only be carried out under special and expensive safety precautions.
  • acids other than trifluoroacetic acid were also used as catalysts; namely acids such as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and dihalogenated phosphoric acids and 85% phosphoric acid were tested, the greater affinity for which groups to be split off is known from the literature (Effenberger, F. and Epple, G .: Ang. Chem. 84, 294, (1972) ; Effenberger, F., König, G. and Klenk, H .: Chem. Ber. 114, 926, (1981)). It was found to be important for the experiments that mixed aromatic acids tend to disproportionate.
  • the selectivity can be influenced by varying various parameters, such as concentration, temperature or residence time.
  • acylating reagents in the process according to the invention, as already mentioned above, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides and phenylbutyric anhydride or carboxylic acids can be used as acylating reagents.
  • Compounds which are liquid at room temperature are preferably used as acylation reagents.
  • organic compounds preferably aromatic compounds such as anisole or heteroaromatic compounds, can be acylated.
  • An advantage of the acylation according to the invention in microfluidic systems is improved mixing of the entire reaction mixture, improved mass and heat transport, better control of the reaction time and, above all, increased safety.
  • the very small amounts of reagent in the system are responsible for this. It is particularly advantageous that this reaction can be carried out continuously in a miniaturized flow reactor.
  • the flow rate was originally set to 5 ⁇ l / min. In a suitable capillary tube or similar system, this corresponds to a residence time of 1.5 hours. These requirements were met for further tests that were carried out at different temperatures. Since the reaction rate increases with increasing temperature, it was found from the yields achieved that an increase in the product yield under the given conditions is no longer possible above a reaction temperature.
  • a variation of the miniaturized flow reactor used is also to be understood to mean that, on the one hand, an increased number of the individual structures making up the flow reactor can be connected to one another, as a result of which the length of the thin tubules located in the flow reactor is increased.
  • Various solutions to this problem are known from the patent literature.
  • miniaturized flow reactors are particularly suitable whose channels have a diameter of at least 25 ⁇ m. It is even possible to use microreactors whose channels have a diameter of 1 mm, since the advantages described above can also be demonstrated here.
  • the flow-through rate must be adjusted so that the Residence time of the reaction mixture in the reactor is so long that the desired reaction can be ended and an optimal product yield can be achieved.
  • reaction mixture is uniformly mixed intensively in each volume element
  • the channels are so wide that an unimpeded flow is possible without an undesirable pressure building up or that they become blocked by inhomogeneities,
  • a tight connection of the individual parts or structures forming the microreactor is provided both inside and outside, so that the liquid-carrying channels are separated from one another and no liquid can escape to the outside,
  • model examples are given below which are within the scope of the scope of the present invention but are not suitable for restricting the invention to these examples.
  • those acylations of organic compounds which are carried out using static miniaturized flow reactors which are also known to the person skilled in the art, but the flow reactors used for the production of large Ren product quantities can allow larger flow rates in the same time unit and continue to ensure both uniform temperature control and homogeneous mixing in each volume element of the reactor.
  • the course of the reaction was monitored using a Merck Hitachi HPLC chromatography device (L 6200 pump, variable wavelength UV detector and D 2500 chromato integrator).
  • the column used was a Merck Lichrocart RP Select B 250/4.
  • a mixture of 70% acetonitrile and 30% water containing 1% trifluoroacetic acid at a flow rate of 0.6 ml / min was used as the solvent.
  • the detector was set to a wavelength of 215 nm (see Figure 1).
  • the reaction temperature was increased from 20 ° C to 90 ° C in 10 ° steps. elevated. Through the tests it was found that the product yield increases with increasing reaction temperature. However, about 10% of unreacted phenylbutyric anhydride is consistently detectable (see Figure 2).
  • the flow rate was set to 3.75 ⁇ l / min. This corresponds to a residence time of 2.5 hours.
  • the reaction temperature was increased in 20 ° steps from 20 to 60 ° C (see Figure 3).
  • Butyric acid (1.59 g) was mixed with trifluoroacetic anhydride.
  • a 2 ml disposable syringe was filled with this mixture.
  • Another 2 ml disposable syringe was filled with pure benzo [b] furanone.
  • Both disposable syringes were connected to a "Harvard Apparatus pump 22" pump and connected to a miniaturized static silicone flow mixer, to the outlet channel of which a 2.7 m long stainless steel capillary was connected (Schwesinger, N., Marufke, O., Stubenrauch , M. Hohmann, M; Wurziger, H. in MICRO SYSTEM Technologies 98, VDE-Verlag GmbH, Berlin and Offenbach 1998).
  • the reaction temperature was set to 50 ° C. and the flow rate to 10 ⁇ l / min.
  • the course of the reaction was monitored and evaluated as described in A.
  • the 2-butyrylbenzofuranone was obtained in> 60% yield.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Furan Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour l'acylation de Friedel-Crafts de composés organiques. Ce procédé se caractérise en ce que a) une solution contenant un réactif d'acylation et un acide fort est produite, b) cette solution est mélangée de façon intensive avec un composé organique, de préférence un composé aromatique ou hétéroaromatique sous forme liquide ou en solution, c) dans un microréacteur pouvant être tempéré, pendant un temps de séjour suffisant, le conduit d'évacuation du microréacteur étant éventuellement relié à un capillaire qui peut être tempéré et mesure plusieurs mètres, puis le produit formé pendant la réaction est isolé du mélange réactionnel collecté.
EP00943998A 1999-07-29 2000-07-05 Acylation de friedel-crafts dans un micromelangeur statique Withdrawn EP1200374A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19935691 1999-07-29
DE1999135691 DE19935691A1 (de) 1999-07-29 1999-07-29 Friedel-Crafts-Acylierung im statischen Mikromischer
PCT/EP2000/006318 WO2001009064A1 (fr) 1999-07-29 2000-07-05 Acylation de friedel-crafts dans un micromelangeur statique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1200374A1 true EP1200374A1 (fr) 2002-05-02

Family

ID=7916506

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00943998A Withdrawn EP1200374A1 (fr) 1999-07-29 2000-07-05 Acylation de friedel-crafts dans un micromelangeur statique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1200374A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003506339A (fr)
AU (1) AU5825300A (fr)
DE (1) DE19935691A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001009064A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7141681B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2006-11-28 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg Continuous process for preparing dihydropyrones
DE10108471C1 (de) 2001-02-22 2002-11-21 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Herstellung von 5,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-pyronen
JP4661597B2 (ja) * 2004-01-28 2011-03-30 宇部興産株式会社 マイクロリアクターを用いてアルデヒド化合物又はケトン化合物を製造する方法
WO2006053345A1 (fr) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Velocys Inc. Procede utilisant la technologie de microcanal pour conduire une reaction d'alkylation ou d'acylation
AT501927B1 (de) 2005-05-23 2007-06-15 Dsm Fine Chem Austria Gmbh Verbessertes verfahren zur durchführung von ritterreaktionen, elektrophilen additionen an alkenen oder friedel-crafts-alkylierungen
CN104557485B (zh) * 2015-01-13 2016-05-11 南京工业大学 微流场反应器在Friedel-Crafts反应中的应用
WO2020164218A1 (fr) 2019-02-15 2020-08-20 Fujian Yongjing Technology Co., Ltd Nouveau procédé de réaction de friedel-crafts et catalyseur associé
JP7353011B2 (ja) * 2019-02-15 2023-09-29 フジアン ヨンジン テクノロジー カンパニー リミテッド フッ素化ベンゼン、フッ素化ベンゾフェノン、およびその誘導体の新しい製造方法

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JPS58180460A (ja) * 1982-04-16 1983-10-21 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd ニトロ化方法
JPS61176537A (ja) * 1985-02-01 1986-08-08 Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd 芳香族化合物のアシル化方法
JPH01156940A (ja) * 1987-09-14 1989-06-20 Taiho Yakuhin Kogyo Kk ２−置換−２−デオキシベンゾイン誘導体の製造方法
US5985119A (en) * 1994-11-10 1999-11-16 Sarnoff Corporation Electrokinetic pumping
DE19511603A1 (de) * 1995-03-30 1996-10-02 Norbert Dr Ing Schwesinger Vorrichtung zum Mischen kleiner Flüssigkeitsmengen
EP1023256A1 (fr) * 1997-10-13 2000-08-02 Quest International B.V. Ameliorations propres aux reactions de friedel et crafts ou liees a ces reactions
GB9723260D0 (en) * 1997-11-05 1998-01-07 British Nuclear Fuels Plc A method of performing a chemical reaction

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0109064A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5825300A (en) 2001-02-19
JP2003506339A (ja) 2003-02-18
WO2001009064A1 (fr) 2001-02-08
DE19935691A1 (de) 2001-02-01

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