EP1188500B1 - Dispositif et procédé de production d'aube de turbine et aube de turbine - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de production d'aube de turbine et aube de turbine

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Publication number
EP1188500B1
EP1188500B1 EP00120035A EP00120035A EP1188500B1 EP 1188500 B1 EP1188500 B1 EP 1188500B1 EP 00120035 A EP00120035 A EP 00120035A EP 00120035 A EP00120035 A EP 00120035A EP 1188500 B1 EP1188500 B1 EP 1188500B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cores
blade
cavity
outer walls
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00120035A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1188500A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Tiemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE50013334T priority Critical patent/DE50013334D1/de
Priority to EP00120035A priority patent/EP1188500B1/fr
Priority to CNB018027393A priority patent/CN1213823C/zh
Priority to JP2002526531A priority patent/JP4350372B2/ja
Priority to US10/239,792 priority patent/US6805535B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2001/010600 priority patent/WO2002022291A1/fr
Publication of EP1188500A1 publication Critical patent/EP1188500A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1188500B1 publication Critical patent/EP1188500B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C21/00—Flasks; Accessories therefor
    • B22C21/12—Accessories
    • B22C21/14—Accessories for reinforcing or securing moulding materials or cores, e.g. gaggers, chaplets, pins, bars
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y10T29/49339—Hollow blade
    • Y10T29/49341—Hollow blade with cooling passage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a blade for a turbine, in particular a gas turbine, with two outer walls and at least one cavity arranged between the outer walls.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for producing such a blade with two outer walls and at least one arranged between the outer walls cavity for a turbine, with an outer shape and two cores for forming the outer walls and the at least one cavity.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a blade having two outer walls and at least one cavity arranged between the outer walls for a turbine by means of a casting method, wherein an outer mold and two cores are provided for forming the outer walls and the at least one cavity.
  • Blades in particular blades for gas turbines, have to be cooled from the inside due to the high operating temperatures.
  • the blades have one or more cavities for this purpose. In the previously known blades, these cavities extend from one outer wall of the blade to the other outer wall. To form each cavity, a portion of a core is provided. The individual sections are connected to each other. The core is received in a suitable receptacle of an outer mold for the manufacture of the blade in a casting process. The length of the core can assume comparatively large values.
  • the wall thickness of the outer walls should be as low as possible. By a low wall thickness can achieve a significant improvement in cooling.
  • the minimum wall thickness required in any case must be greater than the wall thickness tolerance. Otherwise, there is a risk that the core will be displaced and / or deformed during casting so as to come into contact with the outer mold and the manufactured blade has a hole. In practice, therefore, a comparatively high wall thickness must be selected.
  • WO 99/59748 A1 discloses a mold for producing a metallic hollow body in which two cores are used, but with a complicated arrangement of the cavities.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore to provide a simple and inexpensive device and a To provide low-cost method for producing a blade with low wall thicknesses.
  • this object is achieved in a blade according to claim 1.
  • each of the two cores has at least one section which extends from an associated outer wall to a central web of the blade to be produced extending approximately in the axial profile center, without being involved in the formation of the other outer wall.
  • the inventive method is characterized in that the two cores are supported against each other and pressed against the inside of the outer mold, that at least a portion of each core is supported such that the distance between the outside of the portion of the one core and the inside of the outer mold independently the distance between the outer side of the portion of the other core and the inside of the outer mold, so that wall thicknesses of the two outer walls are formed independently of each other at least in the region of the sections.
  • the basic idea of the invention is based on the fact that the production of the two outer walls of the blade takes place, at least in sections, independently of one another.
  • At least one cavity of the blade is divided by a central web into two channels.
  • the one channel extends from the first outer wall to the central web and the other channel from the central web to the second outer wall.
  • Two cores are provided.
  • a first core has one or more sections for forming the channels between the first outer wall and the central web.
  • the further channels are formed by sections of a second core, which is provided separately from the first core. Displacements and deformations of the first core, which is a modification of the Wall thickness of an outer wall, are not transferred to the second core.
  • the wall thicknesses of the two outer walls are therefore formed at least partially independent of each other.
  • the method according to the invention provides for supporting the sections of each core which serve to form the channels in such a way that a minimum wall thickness is ensured.
  • projections are advantageously used, which are supported on the inside of the outer mold.
  • the side of the sections associated with the central web can be subjected to comparatively coarse tolerances.
  • the manufacturing accuracy of relevant for the wall thickness of the outer walls outside of the cores can be substantially improved. All tolerances are shifted to the area of the center bar. Disadvantages for the cooling effect do not arise as a result, since the central web is not acted upon directly by the hot fluid flowing through the turbine. Further, the central web is cooled on both sides by the channels. The central web further provides the necessary strength for the blade at low wall thicknesses of the outer walls.
  • the cores are provided for support on the outer shape with projections. They are then advantageously supported during casting together and pressed against the inside of the outer mold.
  • the support can be effected by means of rigid, in particular wedge-shaped, or elastic spacers.
  • the projections serving for supporting on the outer mold taper advantageously from the cores. They can be formed in particular conical. This ensures that only point-shaped openings are formed in the outer walls through which only minimal coolant escapes. Despite the support on the inside of the outer mold, therefore, the desired high cooling efficiency is maintained.
  • the cores may be fixed at one or both ends in a receptacle of the outer shape in the longitudinal direction of the blade. Alignment in the longitudinal direction alone is sufficient if the transverse support is provided by the projections on the cores. This ensures the position of the cores during the manufacture of the wax tool and the casting.
  • the outer walls are connected to form a plurality of cavities via a plurality of ribs. This results in targeted cooling of individual areas of the blade with increased strength.
  • a cavity at an inlet edge and / or a trailing edge of the blade is free from the central web.
  • the reason for this is that an increased cooling effect is required in the area of the leading edge. At the junction of the central web, the cooling effect would be impaired. This applies mutatis mutandis to the trailing edge.
  • the wall thickness of the central web is greater than the wall thickness of the outer walls.
  • the required strength of the blade is then ensured by the central web and optionally the ribs.
  • the wall thickness of the outer walls can be reduced accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a gas turbine 10 with a housing 11 and a rotor 12.
  • Guide vanes 13 and rotor blades 12 are attached to the housing 11.
  • the turbine 10 is flowed through in the direction of arrow 15 by a hot medium, in particular a gas. Due to this flow, the rotor 12 is set in rotation about an axis 16 with respect to the housing 11.
  • the blades 13, 14 must be cooled from the inside due to the high prevailing temperature.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a blade 14 of the turbine 10.
  • the vanes 13 are constructed substantially similar.
  • the blade 14 has two outer walls 17, 18, which are connected by three ribs 19, 20, 21.
  • the ribs 19, 20, 21 are approximately perpendicular to the outer walls 17, 18.
  • the outer walls 17, 18 at its two ends in an entrance edge 22 and a trailing edge 23 on. The flow of the blade 14 in the direction of the arrow 15 takes place from the inlet edge 22 to the outlet edge 23.
  • the space between the outer walls 17, 18 into a plurality of cavities 24, 25, 26, 27 is divided.
  • the lying in the middle of the blade 14 cavities 26, 27 are divided by a central web 28 in two channels 26a, 26b, 27a, 27b.
  • the channels 26a, 27a are in this case arranged between the first outer wall 17 and the central web 28.
  • the further channels 26b, 27b are located between the central web 28 and the second outer wall 18.
  • the cavities 24, 25 in the region of the leading edge 22 and the trailing edge 23 are free of the central web 28.
  • the wall thickness D of the central web 28 is greater than the wall thickness d of the outer walls.
  • the central web 28 extends from the front rib 19 via the middle rib 20 to the rear rib 21. It is arranged approximately in the axial profile center of the blade 14.
  • the central bridge 28 puts together with the ribs 19, 20, 21 ready for operation strength of the blade 14 ready.
  • the outer walls 17, 18 can therefore be made thin.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section through an inventive device 29 for producing a blade 13, 14. It is an outer mold 30 with two mold parts 31, 32 provided, which can be according to the arrow 33 away from each other and moved towards each other. Between the two mold parts 31, 32 two separately formed cores 34, 35 are used.
  • the first core 34 has three sections 36a, 37a, 38a.
  • the sections 36a, 37a serve to form the channels 26a, 27a.
  • the portion 38 a forms the cavity 24 in the region of the leading edge 22.
  • the second core 35 is substantially similar to sections 36b, 37b, 38b. Again, two sections 36b, 37b are provided for forming the channels 26b, 27b. The cavity 25 in the region of the outlet edge 23 is formed by the portion 38b. The individual sections 36ab, 37ab, 38ab of the cores 34, 35 are connected to each other.
  • the portions 36 ab, 37 ab for forming the channels 26 a, 26 b, 27 a, 27 b have projections 39 for support on an inner side 40 of the outer mold 30.
  • the projections 39 taper and are conical. They provide the minimum distance between the inner side 40 of the outer mold and an associated outer side 46a, 47a, 46b, 47b of the sections 36a, 36b, 37a, 37b. This distance corresponds essentially to the wall thickness d of the outer walls 17, 18.
  • the wall thickness D of the central web 28 is determined by the distance between the sections 36a, 37a and the sections 36b, 37b.
  • outer sides 46a, 47a, 46b, 47b of the sections 36a, 37a, 36b, 37b and the outer sides 48a, 48b of the sections 38a, 38b need to be highly accurate to be edited.
  • the further surfaces of the cores 34, 35 can have comparatively high tolerances since they are not important for determining the wall thickness d of the outer walls 17, 18.
  • FIGs 4 and 5 show the mounting of the cores 34, 35 in the device 29.
  • Each of the cores 34, 35 has at both ends projections 41, 42 for attachment in a recording 43 shown in phantom of the device 29 according to the invention.
  • the two cores 34, 35 are supported by spacers 44, 45 to each other.
  • the projections 39 are thereby pressed against the inner side 40 of the outer mold 30.
  • the use of rigid spacers 44 and in Figure 5 the use of elastic, in particular spring-trained spacers 45 is shown.
  • the minimum wall thickness d of the outer walls 17, 18 is ensured by the fact that the cores 34, 35 are supported with the projections 39 on the inner side 40. Due to the tapering of the projections 39, only a point-shaped opening is formed in the outer walls 17, 18 of the finished blade 13, 14. Movement of the cores 34, 35 toward one another is prevented by the spacers 44, 45. It is thus ensured that the desired wall thickness d of the outer walls 17, 18 is reliably maintained. The previously occurring tolerances of the wall thickness d can be substantially reduced. The wall thickness d can therefore be reduced structurally from the outset with respect to the known blades 13, 14 and devices 29.
  • Another advantage is that the wall thicknesses d of the outer walls 17, 18 no longer depend on each other. A displacement or deformation of the core 34 does not lead to a change in the wall thickness d of the outer wall 18. Also, a displacement or deformation of the core 35 does not lead to a change in the wall thickness d of the outer wall 17th
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a plan view of FIG. 5.
  • the individual sections 36a, 36b, 37a, 37b, 38a, 38b of the cores 34, 35 are rigidly connected to each other as shown.
  • the cores 34, 35 are supported on the elastic spacers 45 to each other and are pressed against the inner side 40. If a plurality of spacers 45 distributed over the entire length of the cores 34, 35 are used, shifts and deformations during casting can be significantly reduced.
  • the desired cores 34, 35 are first preformed in a suitable mold, not shown, and then fired. They are then inserted into the provided outer mold 30. The projections 39 of the sections 36a, 36b, 37a, 37b of the two cores 34, 35 are brought into abutment against the inner side 40 of the outer mold 30. For this purpose, either rigid or elastic spacers 44, 45 are introduced between the two cores 34, 35. Thereafter, the two cores 34, 35 are fixed in the receptacles 43.
  • a suitable material such as wax is poured. After solidification of the wax, the outer shape is removed and the wax body provided with a protective layer.
  • This protective layer may, like the cores 34, 35, consist of a ceramic material.
  • the waxed tool provided with the protective layer is fired again. Subsequently, the pourable material for the blade 13, 14 is introduced into the intermediate space between the protective layer and the cores 34, 35. After solidification of this material, the protective layer and the cores 34, 35 are removed in a suitable manner, for example, rinsed with an acid or alkali.
  • the manufacturing and assembly tolerances in the production and fixing of the cores 34, 35, the wax tool and the protective layer which are present in the known methods and devices can be substantially reduced.
  • the wall thickness of the outer walls 17, 18 of the blade 13, 14 can therefore be significantly reduced. This results in an improved cooling effect.
  • the required strength of the blade 13, 14 is ensured by the central web 28.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Aube pour une turbine (10),
    notamment pour une turbine à gaz,
    dans laquelle un milieu peut passer autour de l'aube (13, 14) de la turbine (10) dans la direction du bord (22) d'entrée au bord (23) de sortie,
    ayant deux parois (17, 18) extérieures et
    au moins une cavité (24, 25, 26, 27) disposée entre les deux parois (17, 18) extérieures,
    dans laquelle il y a, dans la direction du bord (22) d'entrée au bord (23) de sortie, d'abord une cavité (24),
    à laquelle se raccorde, dans la direction du bord (22) d'entrée au bord (23) de sortie, au moins une cavité (26, 27),
    dans laquelle, considérée dans la direction du bord (22) d'entrée au bord (23) de sortie, il est disposé à l'extrémité une cavité (25),
    caractérisée en ce que
    la au moins une cavité (26, 27) est séparée par une âme (28) médiane,
    qui s'étend dans la direction du bord (22) d'entrée au bord (23) de sortie et qui est disposée à peu près au milieu du profil axial,
    en respectivement deux canaux (26a, 26b, 27a, 27b),
    un canal (26a, 27a) étant délimité par l'une des parois (17) extérieures et par l'âme (28) médiane et
    un autre canal (26b, 27b) étant délimité par cette âme (28) médiane et par l'autre paroi (18) extérieure.
  2. Aube suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    les parois (17, 18) extérieures sont reliées entre elles par plusieurs nervures (19, 20, 21) pour former plusieurs cavités (24, 25, 26, 27).
  3. Aube suivant la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    une cavité (24, 25) a un bord (22) d'entrée et/ou un bord (23) de sortie de l'aube (13 ; 14) sans la lampe (28) médiane.
  4. Aube suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'épaisseur (D) de paroi de lame (28) médiane est plus grande que l'épaisseur (d) de paroi des parois (17, 18) extérieures.
  5. Dispositif de production d'une aube (13, 14) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    comprenant un moule (30) extérieur et
    deux noyaux (34, 45) pour la formation de la au moins une cavité (24, 25, 26, 27) et pour la formation de parois (17, 18) extérieures,
    caractérisé en ce que
    chacun des deux noyaux (34, 35) a au moins une partie (36a, 36b, 37a, 37b)
    qui s'étend d'une paroi (17, 18) extérieure associée à une âme (28) médiane, s'étendant à peu près au milieu du profil axial, de l'aube (13, 14) à produire, sans participer à la constitution de l'autre paroi (18, 17) extérieure.
  6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les noyaux (34, 35) sont munis de saillies (39) pour l'appui sur le moule (30) extérieur.
  7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les saillies (39) se rétrécissent à partir des noyaux (34, 35) en étant notamment coniques.
  8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6 ou 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les noyaux (34, 35) s'appuient l'un sur l'autre au moyen d'entretoises (44; 45) rigides, notamment cunéiformes ou élastiques.
  9. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les noyaux (34, 35) sont immobilisés dans la direction longitudinale de l'aube (13 ; 14) à l'une ou aux deux extrémités dans un logement (43) du moule (30) extérieur.
  10. Procédé de production d'une aube (13, 14) suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4 au moyen d'un procédé de coulée,
    dans lequel on se procure un moule (30) extérieur et deux noyaux (34, 35)
    pour la constitution des parois (17, 18) extérieures et de la au moins une cavité (24, 25, 26, 27),
    caractérisé
    en ce que l'on appuie les deux noyaux (34, 35) l'un contre l'autre et on les repousse sur la face (40) intérieure du moule (30) extérieur,
    en ce que l'on appuie au moins une partie (36a, 36b, 37a, 37b) de chaque noyau (34, 35)
    de façon à ce que la distance entre la face (46a, 47a) extérieure de la partie (36a, 37a) de l'un des noyaux (34) et la face (40) intérieure du moule (30) extérieur soit indépendante de la distance entre la face (46b, 47b) extérieure de la partie (36b, 37b) de l'autre noyau (35) et la face (40) intérieure du moule (30) extérieur,
    de manière à former des épaisseurs (d) de paroi des deux parois (17, 18) extérieures indépendantes l'une de l'autre, au moins dans la zone des parties (36a, 37a, 36b, 37b).
  11. Procédé suivant la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on appuie les deux noyaux (34, 35) par des saillies (39) sur la face (40) intérieure du moule (30) extérieur pour assurer une épaisseur (d) minimum de paroi des parois (17, 18) extérieures.
  12. Procédé suivant la revendication 10 ou 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on appuie l'un contre l'autre les deux noyaux (34, 35) et on les repousse sur la face (40) intérieure du moule (30) extérieur.
  13. Procédé suivant la revendication 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on appuie l'un contre l'autre les deux noyaux (34, 35) au moyen d'entretoises (44 ; 45) rigides ou élastiques.
EP00120035A 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Dispositif et procédé de production d'aube de turbine et aube de turbine Expired - Lifetime EP1188500B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE50013334T DE50013334D1 (de) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schaufel für eine Turbine sowie entsprechend hergestellte Schaufel
EP00120035A EP1188500B1 (fr) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Dispositif et procédé de production d'aube de turbine et aube de turbine
CNB018027393A CN1213823C (zh) 2000-09-14 2001-09-13 制造涡轮叶片的方法和装置
JP2002526531A JP4350372B2 (ja) 2000-09-14 2001-09-13 タービン翼とその製造方法および製造装置
US10/239,792 US6805535B2 (en) 2000-09-14 2001-09-13 Device and method for producing a blade for a turbine and blade produced according to this method
PCT/EP2001/010600 WO2002022291A1 (fr) 2000-09-14 2001-09-13 Dispositif et procede de fabrication d'une ailette destinee a une turbine et ailette correspondante

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00120035A EP1188500B1 (fr) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Dispositif et procédé de production d'aube de turbine et aube de turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1188500A1 EP1188500A1 (fr) 2002-03-20
EP1188500B1 true EP1188500B1 (fr) 2006-08-16

Family

ID=8169834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00120035A Expired - Lifetime EP1188500B1 (fr) 2000-09-14 2000-09-14 Dispositif et procédé de production d'aube de turbine et aube de turbine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6805535B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1188500B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4350372B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1213823C (fr)
DE (1) DE50013334D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002022291A1 (fr)

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US6805535B2 (en) 2004-10-19
EP1188500A1 (fr) 2002-03-20
JP2004508201A (ja) 2004-03-18
CN1213823C (zh) 2005-08-10
CN1392809A (zh) 2003-01-22
US20030047298A1 (en) 2003-03-13
DE50013334D1 (de) 2006-09-28
JP4350372B2 (ja) 2009-10-21
WO2002022291A1 (fr) 2002-03-21

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