EP1178166B1 - Multi-purpose prefabricated centering - Google Patents

Multi-purpose prefabricated centering Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1178166B1
EP1178166B1 EP01117320A EP01117320A EP1178166B1 EP 1178166 B1 EP1178166 B1 EP 1178166B1 EP 01117320 A EP01117320 A EP 01117320A EP 01117320 A EP01117320 A EP 01117320A EP 1178166 B1 EP1178166 B1 EP 1178166B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upright
slider
arms
arm
threaded body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01117320A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1178166A1 (en
Inventor
Marco Marchiano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1178166A1 publication Critical patent/EP1178166A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1178166B1 publication Critical patent/EP1178166B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
    • E04G21/1858—Templates for window or door openings, e.g. in a masonry wall
    • E04G21/1866—Templates for window or door openings, e.g. in a masonry wall for making arches

Definitions

  • This invention covers a multi-purpose prefabricated centering which can be used to build vaults and arches of any type and with any appropriate material, with different curvatures which may even be dissymmetrical.
  • US-A-5 584 159 discloses a known kind of centering.
  • the centering is known to be a temporary, usually wooden or iron scaffolding, to shape and support arches and vaults during their construction.
  • the centering normally consists of a junction of scaffold members following the curvilinear pattern of the intrados of the vault or arch, supported by braces, crosspieces and stulls resting on uprights or standards acting as supports of the assembly.
  • the centerings nowadays used are dismantled and thrown away after use.
  • a first problem concerns the deformability of the wooden material and the changes that may occur in the configuration of the structure during junction of its members and these factors shall duly be taken into account during the fabrication of the centering.
  • a second problem crops up when the arch is multiple-centered, i.e. if it has a variable curvature with several centres.
  • the fabrication of the centering, in any material is complex and takes much time; it will be even more difficult if the ground on which the uprights are resting, is not level or has a variable gradient.
  • This invention has the aim to obviate these drawbacks by proposing a multi-purpose prefabricated centering having the features of claim 1. It may consist of components ready for assembly on the building site and which may be used for arches having different curvatures and gradient. They can therefore meet all needs on the building site, for buildings in reinforced concrete, as well as for brickwork or stone structures or even in mixed material.
  • the prefabricated centering consists of a main upright having preferably a tubular section, resting on a floor base, the upright is usually placed in a central position with respect to the arch or vault.
  • the upper end of this upright is threaded on which a body acting as slider is screwed to permit precision adjustment of the height of this main upright, as will be explained hereinafter.
  • a secondary upright is axially sliding inside the main upright.
  • the secondary upright which shall also preferably have a tubular section, features a series of holes drilled at prefixed intervals as will be described below.
  • a pin fitted in the hole of the secondary upright, on the outside of this body acting as a slider, provides for coarse adjustment when drawing out the secondary upright and for adjustment of the total length of the uprights.
  • a head is mounted on the top of the secondary upright; it consists of two welded plates, one of which is horizontal and rectangular shaped, while the other is vertical and semicircular shaped, its horizontal axis being parallel to the axis of curvature of the vault or arch to be built and featuring two series of radially located holes.
  • a certain number of primary arms having preferably a tubular section, are radially mounted on this head and fastened to the vertical semicircular plate; the lower end of these primary arms features a trunnion type articulated joint, the trunnion being fitted in a hole in the arm and passing through one of the holes of the inside spider of the semicircular plate, to ensure the best orientation in the development plane of the arch or vault and this orientation is blocked by a locking pin passing through a slot in the primary arm and through the matching hole of the outer spider of the semicircular plate.
  • the upper end of these primary arms has a thread on which a body acting as a slider is screwed for precision adjustment of the length of the arms as will be explained hereinafter.
  • a secondary arm is axially sliding inside each primary arm; this secondary arm preferably features at its outer end a properly tapered cross bearer, usually consisting of a suitably sized rod, perpendicular fastened to the arm, i.e. according to the horizontal axis of the vault or arch.
  • the secondary upright and secondary arms are each featuring a series of holes drilled at a prefixed spacing to permit an initial coarse adjustment of their extension and length by means of a pin inserted in the first hole on the outside of the screwed body or slider. Precision adjustment of the extension and length of the upright and arms is possible, as explained above, by axially moving the screwed bodies or slider against which the pins, preferably provided with washers, are resting.
  • the prefabricated centering is completed by a plate in flexible and deformable material, for example. PVC, its width and length being variable according to need.
  • the inner surface of this plate features a series of seats lodging and blocking the rods of the secondary arms. This lodging and blocking seats preferably consist of clamps partially encircling the rod by their elastic action.
  • 1 refers to the main or primary upright having for example a tubular section, having at its lower end a base 2, resting on the ground and at its upper end a thread 3' onto which the matching threaded body 3 is screwed which may be provided with a regulator handle for precision adjustment of the height of the central upright, as will be explained below.
  • a secondary sliding upright 4 which also has a tubular section, is located inside the main upright 1 and is provided with holes 5 for coarse adjustment of the upright by inserting a transverse pin 5' in one of these holes in the upper portion of the threaded body 3.
  • Precision adjustment of the extension of the secondary upright 4 and of the total length of the uptight 1-4 is achieved by screwing or unscrewing the threaded body 3 or by moving the slider which causes, by means of an interposed washer, shifting of the pin 5' and hence displacement of the secondary upright 4.
  • the secondary upright 4 features at its upper end a head consisting of two plates welded together at right angles, the lower horizontal plate 7 being directly welded on the upper end of the secondary upright 4, whereas the upper plate 6 is semicircular shaped and is vertically welded on the horizontal plate 7, extending in the development plane of the arch or vault to be built.
  • the vertical semicircular plate 6 features, radially located, internal holes 8 and external holes 9 on which to fasten a suitable number of primary arms 10 articulated in the development plane of the arch or vault.
  • These arms 10 usually having a tubular section, have their lower end 11 shaped as an inverted "U” in which to receive the plate 6 and to be blocked to this plate 6 by the trunnions 12 transverse fitted into a lower hole 13 in the arm and into the hole 8 of the internal spider.
  • Each primary arm 10 is therefore articulated on its own trunnion 12 and its orientation is fixed by a pin 14 inserted in a slot 15 in the arm and passing through the hole 9 of the external spider of the vertical plate 6.
  • a secondary arm 18 usually having a tubular section, is axially sliding inside the primary arm 10; this secondary arm 18 features at its outer end, chamfered at the tip, a rod 19, of suitable diameter and length in perpendicular position with respect to the secondary arm, i.e. having its axis parallel to the axis of curvature of the arch or vault.
  • the secondary arm 18 too features a series of holes 20 for coarse adjustment of the total length of the arm 10-18, by means of the pin 20', fitted in the external hole of the threaded body 17 or slider. Precision adjustment of the arm length is achieved by screwing or unscrewing the threaded body or by moving the slider as already explained for precision adjustment of the height of the upright.
  • marks may be made, even with added paint, as a reference for screwing and unscrewing purposes or for moving the threaded body or slider 17 so that an equal length of all radial arms 10-18 can be easily obtained.
  • the arch or vault is supported by a plate 21 in flexible and deformable material like PVC, having a variable length and width based upon the requirements, its inner surface being provided with seats 22 on which to receive and block by removable fixing the rods 19 of the secondary arms 18. These seats 22 lodging and blocking the rods 19 may be clamps, the ends of which are partially encircling the rod by their elastic action.
  • the pin 5' fitted in the hole 5 will thus provide for coarse height adjustment of the upright 1-4, whereas precision adjustment is obtained by screwing or unscrewing the threaded body 3 acting as a slider which will push the pin 5' upwards or downwards.
  • the height of the central pier will be such as to ensure that the horizontal plate 7 will be positioned at springing line level of the arch or vault.
  • the secondary arms 18 are then mounted in the primary arms 10 and the extension of these secondary arms is adjusted by a pin 20' fitted in the hole 20 on the outside of the screwed body 17 or slider on which it is resting, preferably by interposition of a washer.
  • the prefabricated centering as implemented according to this invention is easy to fabricate and has no drawbacks caused by the deformability of wooden material, since the bearing structure is usually in metal or plastic or mixed material.
  • the presence of the holes 5 and 20 respectively in the secondary upright 4 and in the secondary arm 18 and the presence of the threaded bodies 3 and 17 respectively on the main upright 1 and on the primary arm 10, permit an exact adjustment of the height and development of the prefabricated centering, of its bending radius or radii, if the arch is multiple-centered and also allows to disassemble the centering after construction of the arch or vault and to use it again for completely different arches or vaults.
  • the system described, forming the multi-purpose prefabricated centering may be conveniently used to build simple vaulting arches but may also be used for multiple arches or tunnels which may require the utilisation of a multiple number of prefabricated centerings.
  • the upright 1-4 and the various arms 10-18 have normally a tubular section as explained above, but they may also be fabricated with box-type or any other section type (square, rectangular, etc.) and in such case, the bodies screwed together or slides for precision adjustment of the length, are replaced by other sliders provided with an adequate adjustment and blocking system of their axial translation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
EP01117320A 2000-08-03 2001-07-18 Multi-purpose prefabricated centering Expired - Lifetime EP1178166B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITGE000106 2000-08-03
IT2000GE000106A IT1314540B1 (it) 2000-08-03 2000-08-03 Centina prefabbricata multifunzionale.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1178166A1 EP1178166A1 (en) 2002-02-06
EP1178166B1 true EP1178166B1 (en) 2004-08-18

Family

ID=11442672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01117320A Expired - Lifetime EP1178166B1 (en) 2000-08-03 2001-07-18 Multi-purpose prefabricated centering

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1178166B1 (it)
AT (1) ATE274118T1 (it)
DE (1) DE60104948D1 (it)
IT (1) IT1314540B1 (it)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2423111B (en) * 2005-02-09 2007-03-21 Everett Crack An arch forming device
PT104312A (pt) * 2008-12-31 2010-06-30 Univ Aveiro Método e blocos de betão não armado para contrução de obras de arte em arco
ITCZ20110014A1 (it) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-13 Diego Mazzitelli Centina riutilizzabile regolabile atta a fare da struttura per la costruzione di archi regolari.
CN105113608B (zh) * 2015-08-28 2017-03-22 济南城建集团有限公司 一种检查井用模具及利用该模具进行检查井施工的方法
CN110043064B (zh) * 2019-04-08 2023-05-09 济南王府园林古建筑工程有限公司 一种古建筑屋面吊线装置及其使用方法
CN111807285A (zh) * 2020-07-28 2020-10-23 安徽佳乐建设机械有限公司 一种主辅臂协同作业的臂架装置
CN113686155B (zh) * 2021-08-30 2024-09-24 山东佳恒锅炉设备有限公司 一种工业炉烟道砌筑用辅助装置
CN114705172A (zh) * 2022-03-31 2022-07-05 河南大有能源股份有限公司新安煤矿 一种巷道用三心拱断面轮廓线快速标定装置及方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2260847C3 (de) * 1972-12-13 1975-06-19 Gerhard 8998 Lindenberg Weber Verstellbare Mauerbogen-Schablone
AU525237B2 (en) * 1980-04-21 1982-10-28 Peter Robert Dominguez Archway formwork
US5584159A (en) * 1995-01-25 1996-12-17 Presley; James R. Masonry arch support apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1314540B1 (it) 2002-12-18
ITGE20000106A0 (it) 2000-08-03
ATE274118T1 (de) 2004-09-15
EP1178166A1 (en) 2002-02-06
ITGE20000106A1 (it) 2002-02-03
DE60104948D1 (de) 2004-09-23

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