EP1176227A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Oberflächenschicht - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Oberflächenschicht Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1176227A1 EP1176227A1 EP01117327A EP01117327A EP1176227A1 EP 1176227 A1 EP1176227 A1 EP 1176227A1 EP 01117327 A EP01117327 A EP 01117327A EP 01117327 A EP01117327 A EP 01117327A EP 1176227 A1 EP1176227 A1 EP 1176227A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- ceramic
- metal
- aluminum
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005289 physical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a Surface layer according to claim 1.
- a construction element is known from DE 197 50 599 A1, which comprises an Al2O3-containing surface layer, which by high-temperature-resistant aluminides.
- a construction element is a sintered, porous ceramic body in a die casting mold inserted and infiltrated with aluminum under pressure. While when infiltrating, the ceramic body reacts with the aluminum, wherein said aluminides are formed.
- the construction element usually only fills parts of the component which is why the component is partly made of aluminum and partly, especially in the tribologically stressed component areas consists of the above-mentioned construction element.
- a ceramic body has to be formed in a complex manner, be sintered and processed before being die cast is infiltrated with aluminum. There is also a discrete one Transition between the construction element and the rest Component that acts as a carrier element, which increases liability between the elements mentioned negatively affected.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, one against the state of the art less expensive surface layer to provide, which has a high wear resistance.
- the task is accomplished through a method of manufacturing a Surface layer solved according to claim 1.
- a powdery mixture of a metal and a ceramic chemically reducible by this metal is applied to the surface of a carrier element.
- a chemical redox reaction is stimulated by an energy input and proceeds according to the following reaction scheme: Me K X + Me S ⁇ Me K Me S + Me S X
- Me K is a metal chemically bonded in the ceramic
- X stands for a non-metal from the group oxygen (O), carbon (C), boron (B) and / or nitrogen (N).
- Me S stands for the metal that is contained in the applied layer in elementary form (or as an alloy). According to equation 1, the metal Me S reacts with the ceramic in such a way that it both enters into an intermetallic connection with the metal Me K and at the same time takes up its place in the ceramic, thus replacing it and thus creating a new ceramic connection.
- the surface layer produced in this way has a particularly high wear resistance.
- Aluminum is particularly useful as Me S metal. Aluminum reduces most ceramic compounds in the form given in Equation 1. In addition, it forms high-temperature-resistant intermetallic compounds that are particularly wear-resistant (claim 2).
- the ceramic of the layer preferably consists of an oxide ceramic. Oxidic ceramics are particularly easy to reduce from aluminum (Al), and many oxide-ceramic raw materials are also particularly inexpensive.
- the metal Me K which is chemically bonded in the ceramic, is preferably a transition metal or the semimetal silicon (Si), titanium (Ti) or silicon are particularly preferably used. It is possible that the ceramic contains several metals. Accordingly, preferred ceramics include titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) or mixed oxides such as spinels, silicates or ilmenite (claim 3).
- the surface of the carrier element can be coated by most common coating processes take place. For this include physical and chemical deposition processes, such as Sputtering, sol-gel processes, electroplating or a CVD coating. Slurry techniques such as they are common in ceramic manufacturing or painting techniques (e.g. dip painting or spraying), which is a special inexpensive layer can be generated. Furthermore are Thermal spraying methods such as flame spraying High speed flame spraying, plasma spraying, the Arc wire spraying or kinetic cold gas compacting appropriate coating processes. The process of thermal Spraying ensures a particularly dense layer and are also inexpensive to manufacture (claim 4).
- An energy input which stimulates the reaction between the carrier element and the ceramic layer can take place in situ, in particular in the thermal spraying processes mentioned. This happens when the powdery mixture of the metal Me S and the ceramic has a temperature sufficient to start the reaction when it hits the support material.
- additional temperature treatment is introduced.
- the temperature treatment can be carried out selectively, ie only the areas of the carrier element provided with the layer are heated. This is particularly expedient, since the carrier element has no additional load, for. B. is exposed to corrosion or structural change.
- particularly concentrated heat radiation e.g. from high-energy infrared lamps
- laser radiation or induction heating are suitable (claim 5).
- the method according to the invention can also be used on inorganic, non-metallic carrier elements Use ceramic or glass. Particularly suitable as carrier elements are components that are in the drive train and Chassis of a motor vehicle are used and high tribological Are exposed to loads. These include a. Cylinder crankcases, cylinder heads, pistons, gearboxes and synchronizer rings.
- Cylinder liners of a cylinder crankcase made of the alloy AlSi9Cu3 are plasma sprayed with a mixture made of aluminum and titanium oxide powder coated.
- the Powder particles have diameters between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m.
- the particles are in the plasma gas (argon / hydrogen) to approx. Heated at 1800 ° C, at least partially melt and hit the surface of the cylinder race in the softened state.
- the resulting layer thickness is approx. 200 ⁇ m.
- the powder mixture heated by the plasma basically reacts according to the reaction given in equation 2: Al + TiO 2 ⁇ Al x Ti y + Al 2 O 3
- the reaction given in equation 1 takes place during the heating of the powder in the plasma gas. This is an in situ reaction during the application of the layer.
- the intermetallic compounds Al x Ti y formed during this reaction can have different stoichiometric compositions x and y depending on the composition of the powder mixture and depending on the spray parameters.
- the functional properties of the layer can be influenced by the stoichiometric composition of the intermetallic compounds. A high proportion of aluminum leads to better oxidation resistance, while a high proportion of titanium leads to better ductility and a higher melting point of the layer.
- a suspension of a powdery mixture of aluminum (alloy AlSi12) and titanium oxide is sprayed with a spray gun, how it is used for painting, on the Cylinder liner of a cylinder crankcase (alloy Al-Si9Cu3) applied. Evaporates during a drying process the solvent, the resulting layer thickness is approximately 250 ⁇ m.
- an infrared heater is used an energy input that is set so that a temperature of approx. 560 ° C is generated in the layer. This temperature leads to a reaction analogous to the equation 2. Also takes place at the interface between the layer and the carrier element also has a reaction according to equation 2 instead, resulting in good adhesion between the surface layer and the support element results.
- the temperature in the layer be regulated by the amount of energy introduced.
- the reaction temperature and the heating time can affect the course of the reaction to be controlled. It is so. B. possible the reaction before stop complete implementation.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die während dieser Reaktion entstehenden intermetallischen Verbindungen AlxTiy können je nach Zusammensetzung der Pulvermischung und in Abhängigkeit der Spritzparameter unterschiedliche stöchiometrische Zusammensetzungen x und y haben. Durch die stöchiometrische Zusammensetzung der intermetallischen Verbindungen können die funktionellen Eigenschaften der Schicht beeinflußt werden. Ein hoher Anteil an Aluminium führt zu einer besseren Oxidationsbeständigkeit, ein hoher Anteil an Titan führt hingegen zu einer besseren Duktilität und zu einem höheren Schmelzpunkt der Schicht.
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Oberflächenschicht, die mit intermetallischen Phasen durchzogen ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassauf einem Trägerelement eine Schicht aus einem Metall und einer Keramik aufgebracht wird,durch einen Energieeintrag während des Aufbringens der Schicht oder durch einen nachträglichen Energieeintrag eine Reaktion zwischen dem Metall und der Keramik der Schicht erfolgt undhierdurch unter Bildung von intermetallischen Phasen die Oberflächenschicht hergestellt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Metall der Schicht Aluminium oder eine Aluminiumlegierung ist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Keramik der Schicht eine oxidische Keramik ist. - Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Schicht durch ein thermisches Spritzverfahren oder durch eine Schlickertechnik oder durch eine Lackiertechnik aufgebracht wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Energieeintrag über eine Infrarotheizquelle und/oder einen Laser und/oder eine Induktionswärmequelle erfolgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10036264A DE10036264B4 (de) | 2000-07-26 | 2000-07-26 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Oberflächenschicht |
| DE10036264 | 2000-07-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1176227A1 true EP1176227A1 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
Family
ID=7650183
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01117327A Withdrawn EP1176227A1 (de) | 2000-07-26 | 2001-07-18 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Oberflächenschicht |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6803078B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1176227A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10036264B4 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1785508A3 (de) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-08-22 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer photokatalytisch aktiven Schicht |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10306919B4 (de) * | 2003-02-19 | 2006-08-17 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verbundwerkstoff aus intermetallischen Phasen und Keramik, Herstellungsverfahren und Verwendung |
| DE10324576A1 (de) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-23 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE10345827A1 (de) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-05-04 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Beschichtung von metallischen Substraten mit oxidierenden Werkstoffen mittels Lichtbogendrahtspritzen |
| DE102005005359B4 (de) | 2005-02-02 | 2009-05-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Kaltgasspritzen |
| GB0515276D0 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2005-08-31 | Accentus Plc | Catalyst |
| KR20170127903A (ko) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-22 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 인서트 주조용 실린더 라이너 및 그 제조 방법 |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2496971A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1950-02-07 | Sol B Wiczer | Thermite coating process |
| JPS5036302A (de) * | 1973-08-02 | 1975-04-05 | ||
| GB2001947A (en) * | 1977-07-13 | 1979-02-14 | Castolin Sa | Pulverulent coating material |
| JPS61270376A (ja) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-11-29 | Toyota Motor Corp | 耐摩耗性Al合金部材 |
| US4732778A (en) * | 1985-08-30 | 1988-03-22 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for forming composite layer by laser irradiation upon aluminum alloy substrate surface of powder mixture containing metal carbide ceramic particles, silicon, and metal element forming inter metallic compound with silicon |
| US4933241A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1990-06-12 | United States Department Of Energy | Processes for forming exoergic structures with the use of a plasma and for producing dense refractory bodies of arbitrary shape therefrom |
| EP0451093A1 (de) * | 1990-04-04 | 1991-10-09 | Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag | Hochschmelzende, metallische Verbindung |
| EP0497119A1 (de) * | 1991-01-29 | 1992-08-05 | Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG | Verfahren zum Beschichten von Substraten |
| GB2264719A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-09-08 | Welding Inst | Spraying onto rotating substrates; coating internal tubular surfaces using exothermic mixture; centrifugal force |
| WO1994016859A1 (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1994-08-04 | University Of Cincinnati | Combustible slurry for joining metallic or ceramic surfaces or for coating metallic, ceramic and refractory surfaces |
| JPH101767A (ja) * | 1996-06-12 | 1998-01-06 | Takao Araki | チタン−アルミニウム金属間化合物の粉体形成方法及び溶射皮膜形成方法 |
| JP2000119835A (ja) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-25 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | 耐エロージョン性の優れた被膜の形成方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2015213C (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1998-04-14 | Gilles Cliche | Tic based materials and process for producing same |
| US5137422A (en) | 1990-10-18 | 1992-08-11 | Union Carbide Coatings Service Technology Corporation | Process for producing chromium carbide-nickel base age hardenable alloy coatings and coated articles so produced |
| DE69109077T2 (de) * | 1991-01-31 | 1995-12-14 | Gen Electric | Aluminisieren von Gegenständen, geschützt durch ein thermisch gesperrtes Überzugssystem. |
| ES2075546T3 (es) | 1991-07-12 | 1995-10-01 | Praxair Technology Inc | Miembro de cierre rotatorio recubierto con carburo de cromo y una aleacion de base de niquel endurecible por envejecimiento. |
| DE4447130A1 (de) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-07-04 | Nils Claussen | Herstellung eines aluminidhaltigen keramischen Formkörpers |
| TW374825B (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1999-11-21 | Klinair Environmental Technologies Ireland Ltd | A pre-combustion catalytic converter and a process for producing same |
| DE19605858A1 (de) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-21 | Claussen Nils | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Al¶2¶O¶3¶-Aluminid-Composites, deren Ausführung und Verwendung |
| DE19750599A1 (de) | 1997-01-10 | 1998-07-30 | Claussen Nils | Metall-keramisches Konstruktionselement - sein Aufbau und seine Herstellung |
| US6319617B1 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-11-20 | Agere Systems Gaurdian Corp. | Oxide-bondable solder |
-
2000
- 2000-07-26 DE DE10036264A patent/DE10036264B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-07-18 EP EP01117327A patent/EP1176227A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-07-26 US US09/912,451 patent/US6803078B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (12)
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| US2496971A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1950-02-07 | Sol B Wiczer | Thermite coating process |
| JPS5036302A (de) * | 1973-08-02 | 1975-04-05 | ||
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1785508A3 (de) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-08-22 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer photokatalytisch aktiven Schicht |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20020034593A1 (en) | 2002-03-21 |
| US6803078B2 (en) | 2004-10-12 |
| DE10036264B4 (de) | 2004-09-16 |
| DE10036264A1 (de) | 2002-02-21 |
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