EP1173873B1 - Dispositif limiteur de courant a retablissement automatique et a metal liquide - Google Patents

Dispositif limiteur de courant a retablissement automatique et a metal liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1173873B1
EP1173873B1 EP00906218A EP00906218A EP1173873B1 EP 1173873 B1 EP1173873 B1 EP 1173873B1 EP 00906218 A EP00906218 A EP 00906218A EP 00906218 A EP00906218 A EP 00906218A EP 1173873 B1 EP1173873 B1 EP 1173873B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
limiting device
liquid metal
insulating
compression spaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00906218A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1173873A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Kremers
Frank Berger
Andreas Krätzschmar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Moeller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Moeller GmbH filed Critical Moeller GmbH
Publication of EP1173873A1 publication Critical patent/EP1173873A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1173873B1 publication Critical patent/EP1173873B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H87/00—Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-recovering current limiting device Liquid metal according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a self-recovering current limiting device is known from the publication SU 922 911 A.
  • known which contains electrodes made of solid metal, which by as pressure-resistant insulating housing formed first insulating body are separated. Within of the insulating housing are through insulating partitions and in between arranged second insulating body, which as an annular sealing washers are executed, partially filled with liquid metal, one behind the other Compressor rooms formed, one above the other with liquid metal filled, eccentrically arranged connecting channels of the partition walls are connected. So there is a normal operation over the liquid metal continuous internal conductive connection between the electrodes. in the The liquid metal becomes a current limiting case due to the high current density displaced from the connecting channels.
  • the connecting channels one behind the other when a Short circuit due to the number of current-limiting partial arcs correspondingly high voltage drop built up, which eventually for interruption of the short-circuit current.
  • the known current limiting devices however have a current limiting factor that is too high, the means too high a ratio between the forward current and the current to be limited Short-circuit current, on.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, the current limiting behavior a current limiting device, particularly with regard to its Current limiting factor and their response time.
  • the through the opposite current profile in the first connecting conductor and repulsive electromagnetic forces caused in liquid metal as well as the bundling of the magnetic field caused by the ferromagnetic body directs the current path within the current limiting device the way that, on the one hand, an arc that arises in the event of a short circuit is extended and, on the other hand, at higher currents, the resultant Pinch pressure a faster constriction of the current path in the area of the Connection channels causes.
  • the relevant magnetic forces are in the quadratic ratio to the current, so that the described in nominal operation Effect is negligible, however, in the area of short-circuit currents positive influence on the current limiting behavior occurs.
  • the one described Mechanism of action is self-acting, that is, it is based solely on the triggering effect of a short-circuit current and the resulting Magnetic field.
  • Ferromagnetic materials with high to very high can be used with advantage use relative initial permeabilities; are representative Iron and soft magnetic iron, cobalt or nickel alloys, such as e.g. Permalloy or Mu metal.
  • the ferromagnetic body extends over the entire length of the compressor rooms extends. It is advantageous to use the first connecting conductor or the ferromagnetic one Fix body through or part of the pressure-resistant insulating body and isolate. The extension of the arc is additional increased by the staggered arrangement of the connecting channels.
  • GaInSn alloys are easy to handle due to their physiological Safety.
  • An alloy of 660 parts by weight gallium, 205 parts by weight of indium and 135 parts by weight of tin are at normal pressure liquid from 10 ° C to 2000 ° C and has sufficient electrical Conductivity.
  • the single-pole current limiting device 1 contains one on each side Electrode 11 or 12 made of solid metal, preferably copper, which is rotationally symmetrical is formed and in each case an outer connecting conductor 21 or 22 passes. There are several compressor spaces between the electrodes 11 and 12 3, through a corresponding number of annular sealing washers 4 as well as insulating partition walls 6. By a mold housing 5, the electrodes 11 and 12, the sealing washers 4 and the partitions 6 are held using known means for sealing the Compressor rooms 3 and for the non-positive connection of the in the molded housing 5 stored elements 11, 12, 4 and 6 provided, but for the sake of Clarity are not shown.
  • the sealing means can, for example Sealing rings between the sealing washers 4 and the partitions 6 or electrodes 11, 12.
  • the means for non-positive connection are, for example, continuous clamping screws along the two lines 7.
  • the two outer compressor rooms 3 are laterally by one the electrodes 11 and 12 as well as an intermediate wall 6.
  • the inner compressor rooms 3 are laterally through two partitions 6 limited.
  • the generally multi-part molded housing 5 and the sealing washers 4 are pressure-resistant first and second insulating bodies. All compressor rooms 3 are partially filled with a liquid metal 8, for example a GalnSn alloy. For example, is located above the liquid metal 8 Vacuum.
  • the partition walls 6 are below the liquid level provided with connecting channels 9.
  • the connecting channels 9 are also filled with liquid metal 8.
  • the left, first connecting conductor 21 belonging to the left, first electrode 11 is within the mold housing 5 below the compression chambers 3 along out and emerges on the right side from the mold housing 5.
  • the right, second connecting conductor 22 belonging to the right, second electrode 12 also emerges from the molded housing 5 on the right-hand side.
  • On the Compressor spaces 3 extends a ferromagnetic fixed in the molded housing 5 Body 10.
  • the first lead 21 extends so that the Current through the liquid metal 8 and through the second lead 22 is opposed, whereby a first electromagnetic force component F1 is exerted on the current in the liquid metal 8.
  • the effect of magnetic field influenced by the ferromagnetic body 10 exercises a second electromagnetic force component F2 on the current in the liquid metal 8 out.
  • Both force components F1 and F2 are essentially after directed above, but in nominal operation of the current limiting device 1 without significant effect on the current in the liquid metal 8.
  • an external short circuit increases the force components F1 and F2 so far that the resulting current-limiting arc within the compressor rooms 8 are considerably distracted and thus extended.
  • This State is indicated by the broken line L in Fig. 1.
  • By the prolonged meandering course of the arc increases in one essential dimensions of the arc resistance.
  • Ratio of forward current to tripping short-circuit current is with the Current limiting device 1 an improved current limiting factor reached.
  • the extension of the current-limiting arc is additional due to the staggered arrangement of the adjacent partition walls 6 associated connecting channels 9 promoted.

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif limiteur de courant à rétablissement automatique et à métal liquide contenant par pôle une première et une deuxième électrode (11 ; 12) en métal solide, pour connexion à un circuit électrique à protéger et plusieurs espaces de compression (3) situés l'un derrière l'autre entre les électrodes (11 ; 12) et partiellement remplis d'un métal liquide (8), qui sont formés par des corps isolants (4 ; 5) résistants à la pression et par plusieurs parois intermédiaires isolantes (6) maintenues par lesdits corps isolants et dotées de canaux de liaison (9), caractérisé en ce qu'un premier conducteur de raccordement (21) relié à la première électrode (11) et avec une direction inverse du courant est disposé au-dessous des espaces de compression (3) et qu'un corps ferromagnétique (10) est disposé au-dessus des espaces de compression (3).
  2. Dispositif limiteur de courant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps ferromagnétique (10) est composé d'un matériau ayant une perméabilité initiale relative supérieure à 500.
  3. Dispositif limiteur de courant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le corps ferromagnétique (10) s'étend essentiellement sur toute la longueur de tous les espaces de compression (3).
  4. Dispositif limiteur de courant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier conducteur de raccordement (21) s'étend à l'intérieur du corps isolant (5).
  5. Dispositif limiteur de courant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps ferromagnétique (10) est maintenu en place par le corps isolant (5).
  6. Dispositif limiteur de courant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les canaux de liaison (9) de parois intermédiaires (6) adjacentes sont décalés les uns par rapport aux autres.
  7. Dispositif limiteur de courant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le métal liquide (8) est un alliage GaInSn.
EP00906218A 1999-02-01 2000-01-22 Dispositif limiteur de courant a retablissement automatique et a metal liquide Expired - Lifetime EP1173873B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19903837 1999-02-01
DE19903837A DE19903837B4 (de) 1999-02-01 1999-02-01 Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Flüssigmetall
PCT/EP2000/000479 WO2000046829A1 (fr) 1999-02-01 2000-01-22 Dispositif limiteur de courant a retablissement automatique et a metal liquide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1173873A1 EP1173873A1 (fr) 2002-01-23
EP1173873B1 true EP1173873B1 (fr) 2003-05-21

Family

ID=7895976

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00906218A Expired - Lifetime EP1173873B1 (fr) 1999-02-01 2000-01-22 Dispositif limiteur de courant a retablissement automatique et a metal liquide

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6850145B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1173873B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3457282B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE241213T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19903837B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000046829A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005050044A1 (de) * 2005-10-19 2007-05-03 Moeller Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Strombegrenzung

Families Citing this family (9)

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WO2005006375A2 (fr) * 2003-07-10 2005-01-20 Abb Research Ltd Procede et dispositif permettant de limiter le courant au moyen d'un limiteur de courant a metal liquide
US7023307B2 (en) * 2003-11-06 2006-04-04 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Electro-magnetically enhanced current interrupter
DE102005060096B4 (de) * 2004-12-17 2008-01-17 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Gekapselter Überspannungsableiter für den Einsatz als Netzfunkenstrecke im Niederspannungsbereich mit getrennten, elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Funktionseinheiten
WO2009055763A2 (fr) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Kowalik Daniel P Fusible à bulle microfluidique
US8493081B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2013-07-23 Magna Closures Inc. Wide activation angle pinch sensor section and sensor hook-on attachment principle
US9234979B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2016-01-12 Magna Closures Inc. Wide activation angle pinch sensor section
US8773235B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2014-07-08 General Electric Company Electrical switch and circuit breaker
CN106026059B (zh) * 2016-06-29 2018-06-29 西安交通大学 一种基于绝缘挡板的液态金属限流装置和方法
CN109637874B (zh) * 2018-11-21 2020-01-17 云南靖创液态金属热控技术研发有限公司 液态金属限流器

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Cited By (1)

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DE102005050044A1 (de) * 2005-10-19 2007-05-03 Moeller Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Strombegrenzung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50002269D1 (de) 2003-06-26
DE19903837B4 (de) 2004-02-19
ATE241213T1 (de) 2003-06-15
DE19903837A1 (de) 2000-08-10
WO2000046829A1 (fr) 2000-08-10
EP1173873A1 (fr) 2002-01-23
JP3457282B2 (ja) 2003-10-14
US6850145B1 (en) 2005-02-01
JP2002536950A (ja) 2002-10-29

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