EP1173873B1 - Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal - Google Patents
Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1173873B1 EP1173873B1 EP00906218A EP00906218A EP1173873B1 EP 1173873 B1 EP1173873 B1 EP 1173873B1 EP 00906218 A EP00906218 A EP 00906218A EP 00906218 A EP00906218 A EP 00906218A EP 1173873 B1 EP1173873 B1 EP 1173873B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- limiting device
- liquid metal
- insulating
- compression spaces
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H87/00—Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a self-recovering current limiting device Liquid metal according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a self-recovering current limiting device is known from the publication SU 922 911 A.
- known which contains electrodes made of solid metal, which by as pressure-resistant insulating housing formed first insulating body are separated. Within of the insulating housing are through insulating partitions and in between arranged second insulating body, which as an annular sealing washers are executed, partially filled with liquid metal, one behind the other Compressor rooms formed, one above the other with liquid metal filled, eccentrically arranged connecting channels of the partition walls are connected. So there is a normal operation over the liquid metal continuous internal conductive connection between the electrodes. in the The liquid metal becomes a current limiting case due to the high current density displaced from the connecting channels.
- the connecting channels one behind the other when a Short circuit due to the number of current-limiting partial arcs correspondingly high voltage drop built up, which eventually for interruption of the short-circuit current.
- the known current limiting devices however have a current limiting factor that is too high, the means too high a ratio between the forward current and the current to be limited Short-circuit current, on.
- the invention is therefore based on the object, the current limiting behavior a current limiting device, particularly with regard to its Current limiting factor and their response time.
- the through the opposite current profile in the first connecting conductor and repulsive electromagnetic forces caused in liquid metal as well as the bundling of the magnetic field caused by the ferromagnetic body directs the current path within the current limiting device the way that, on the one hand, an arc that arises in the event of a short circuit is extended and, on the other hand, at higher currents, the resultant Pinch pressure a faster constriction of the current path in the area of the Connection channels causes.
- the relevant magnetic forces are in the quadratic ratio to the current, so that the described in nominal operation Effect is negligible, however, in the area of short-circuit currents positive influence on the current limiting behavior occurs.
- the one described Mechanism of action is self-acting, that is, it is based solely on the triggering effect of a short-circuit current and the resulting Magnetic field.
- Ferromagnetic materials with high to very high can be used with advantage use relative initial permeabilities; are representative Iron and soft magnetic iron, cobalt or nickel alloys, such as e.g. Permalloy or Mu metal.
- the ferromagnetic body extends over the entire length of the compressor rooms extends. It is advantageous to use the first connecting conductor or the ferromagnetic one Fix body through or part of the pressure-resistant insulating body and isolate. The extension of the arc is additional increased by the staggered arrangement of the connecting channels.
- GaInSn alloys are easy to handle due to their physiological Safety.
- An alloy of 660 parts by weight gallium, 205 parts by weight of indium and 135 parts by weight of tin are at normal pressure liquid from 10 ° C to 2000 ° C and has sufficient electrical Conductivity.
- the single-pole current limiting device 1 contains one on each side Electrode 11 or 12 made of solid metal, preferably copper, which is rotationally symmetrical is formed and in each case an outer connecting conductor 21 or 22 passes. There are several compressor spaces between the electrodes 11 and 12 3, through a corresponding number of annular sealing washers 4 as well as insulating partition walls 6. By a mold housing 5, the electrodes 11 and 12, the sealing washers 4 and the partitions 6 are held using known means for sealing the Compressor rooms 3 and for the non-positive connection of the in the molded housing 5 stored elements 11, 12, 4 and 6 provided, but for the sake of Clarity are not shown.
- the sealing means can, for example Sealing rings between the sealing washers 4 and the partitions 6 or electrodes 11, 12.
- the means for non-positive connection are, for example, continuous clamping screws along the two lines 7.
- the two outer compressor rooms 3 are laterally by one the electrodes 11 and 12 as well as an intermediate wall 6.
- the inner compressor rooms 3 are laterally through two partitions 6 limited.
- the generally multi-part molded housing 5 and the sealing washers 4 are pressure-resistant first and second insulating bodies. All compressor rooms 3 are partially filled with a liquid metal 8, for example a GalnSn alloy. For example, is located above the liquid metal 8 Vacuum.
- the partition walls 6 are below the liquid level provided with connecting channels 9.
- the connecting channels 9 are also filled with liquid metal 8.
- the left, first connecting conductor 21 belonging to the left, first electrode 11 is within the mold housing 5 below the compression chambers 3 along out and emerges on the right side from the mold housing 5.
- the right, second connecting conductor 22 belonging to the right, second electrode 12 also emerges from the molded housing 5 on the right-hand side.
- On the Compressor spaces 3 extends a ferromagnetic fixed in the molded housing 5 Body 10.
- the first lead 21 extends so that the Current through the liquid metal 8 and through the second lead 22 is opposed, whereby a first electromagnetic force component F1 is exerted on the current in the liquid metal 8.
- the effect of magnetic field influenced by the ferromagnetic body 10 exercises a second electromagnetic force component F2 on the current in the liquid metal 8 out.
- Both force components F1 and F2 are essentially after directed above, but in nominal operation of the current limiting device 1 without significant effect on the current in the liquid metal 8.
- an external short circuit increases the force components F1 and F2 so far that the resulting current-limiting arc within the compressor rooms 8 are considerably distracted and thus extended.
- This State is indicated by the broken line L in Fig. 1.
- By the prolonged meandering course of the arc increases in one essential dimensions of the arc resistance.
- Ratio of forward current to tripping short-circuit current is with the Current limiting device 1 an improved current limiting factor reached.
- the extension of the current-limiting arc is additional due to the staggered arrangement of the adjacent partition walls 6 associated connecting channels 9 promoted.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit
Flüssigmetall nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a self-recovering current limiting device
Liquid metal according to the preamble of
Aus der Druckschrift SU 922 911 A ist eine solche selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung
bekannt, die Elektroden aus Festmetall enthält, die durch als
druckfestes Isoliergehäuse ausgebildete erste Isolierkörper getrennt sind. Innerhalb
des Isoliergehäuses sind durch isolierende Zwischenwände und dazwischen
angeordnete zweite Isolierkörper, die als ringförmige Dichtscheiben
ausgeführt sind, mit Flüssigmetall teilweise aufgefüllte, hintereinander liegende
Verdichterräume ausgebildet, die untereinander über mit Flüssigmetall
ausgefüllte, außermittig angeordnete Verbindungskanäle der Zwischenwände
verbunden sind. Damit besteht im Normalbetrieb über das Flüssigmetall eine
durchgehende innere leitende Verbindung zwischen den Elektroden. Im
Strombegrenzungsfall wird infolge der hohen Stromdichte das Flüssigmetall
aus den Verbindungskanälen verdrängt. Damit ist die elektrische Verbindung
der Elektroden über das Flüssigmetall unterbrochen, was zur Begrenzung des
Kurzschlußstromes führt. Nach Abschaltung oder Beseitigung des Kurzschlusses
füllen sich die Verbindungskanäle wieder mit Flüssigmetall, worauf die
Strombegrenzungseinrichtung erneut betriebsbereit ist. In der Druckschrift DE
40 12 385 A1 wird eine Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit nur einem Verdichterraum
beschrieben und als Medium über dem Flüssigkeitsspiegel Vakuum,
Schutzgas oder eine isolierende Flüssigkeit erwähnt. Zur Verbesserung der
Begrenzungseigenschaften sind nach Druckschrift SU 1 076 981 A die Verbindungskanäle
benachbarter Zwischenwände gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet.
Es ist nach Druckschrift DE 26 52 506 A1 bekannt, bei Kontakteinrichtungen
Gallium-Legierungen, insbesondere GaInSn-Legierungen zu verwenden.Such a self-recovering current limiting device is known from the publication SU 922 911 A.
known, which contains electrodes made of solid metal, which by as
pressure-resistant insulating housing formed first insulating body are separated. Within
of the insulating housing are through insulating partitions and in between
arranged second insulating body, which as an annular sealing washers
are executed, partially filled with liquid metal, one behind the other
Compressor rooms formed, one above the other with liquid metal
filled, eccentrically arranged connecting channels of the partition walls
are connected. So there is a normal operation over the liquid metal
continuous internal conductive connection between the electrodes. in the
The liquid metal becomes a current limiting case due to the high current density
displaced from the connecting channels. So that is the electrical connection
the electrodes are interrupted via the liquid metal, which limits the
Short-circuit current leads. After switching off or eliminating the short circuit
the connecting channels fill again with liquid metal, whereupon the
Current limiting device is ready for operation again. In the publication DE
40 12 385 A1 becomes a current limiting device with only one compressor room
described and as a medium above the liquid level vacuum,
Shielding gas or an insulating liquid mentioned. To improve the
Limiting properties are the connecting channels according to
Bei Strombegrenzungseinrichtungen mit mehreren Verdichterräumen wird infolge der hintereinander liegenden Verbindungskanäle beim Auftreten eines Kurzschlusses durch die Anzahl der strombegrenzenden Teillichtbögen ein entsprechend hoher Spannungsabfall aufgebaut, der schließlich zur Unterbrechung des Kurzschlußstromes führt. Die bekannten Strombegrenzungseinrichtungen weisen allerdings einen zu hohen Strombegrenzungsfaktor, das heißt ein zu hohes Verhältnis zwischen Durchlaßstrom und zu begrenzendem Kurzschlußstrom, auf.In the case of current limiting devices with several compressor rooms, the connecting channels one behind the other when a Short circuit due to the number of current-limiting partial arcs correspondingly high voltage drop built up, which eventually for interruption of the short-circuit current. The known current limiting devices however have a current limiting factor that is too high, the means too high a ratio between the forward current and the current to be limited Short-circuit current, on.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Strombegrenzungsverhalten einer Strombegrenzungseinrichtung, insbesondere hinsichtlich ihres Strombegrenzungsfaktors und ihrer Ansprechzeit, zu verbessern.The invention is therefore based on the object, the current limiting behavior a current limiting device, particularly with regard to its Current limiting factor and their response time.
Ausgehend von einer Strombegrenzungseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruches gelöst, während den abhängigen Ansprüchen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind.Starting from a current limiting device of the type mentioned According to the invention, the task is characterized by the characterizing features of the independent claim solved, while the dependent claims advantageous developments of the invention can be found.
Die durch den entgegengesetzten Stromverlauf im ersten Anschlußleiter und im Flüssigmetall hervorgerufenen abstoßenden elektromagnetischen Kräfte sowie die durch den ferromagnetischen Körper bewirkte Bündelung des Magnetfeldes lenkt den Strompfad innerhalb der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung in der Weise ab, daß einerseits ein im Kurzschlußfall entstehender Lichtbogen verlängert wird und anderseits bei höheren Strömen der sich einstellende Pinchdruck eine schnellere Abschnürung des Strompfades im Bereich der Verbindungskanäle bewirkt. Die hierbei maßgeblichen Magnetkräfte stehen im quadratischen Verhältnis zum Strom, so daß im Nennbetrieb die beschriebene Wirkung vernachlässigbar ist, dagegen im Bereich der Kurzschlußströme die positive Beeinflussung des Strombegrenzungsverhaltens eintritt. Der beschriebene Wirkmechanismus ist selbstwirkend, das heißt, er beruht allein auf der auslösenden Wirkung eines Kurzschlußstromes und des sich daraus ergebenden Magnetfeldes.The through the opposite current profile in the first connecting conductor and repulsive electromagnetic forces caused in liquid metal as well as the bundling of the magnetic field caused by the ferromagnetic body directs the current path within the current limiting device the way that, on the one hand, an arc that arises in the event of a short circuit is extended and, on the other hand, at higher currents, the resultant Pinch pressure a faster constriction of the current path in the area of the Connection channels causes. The relevant magnetic forces are in the quadratic ratio to the current, so that the described in nominal operation Effect is negligible, however, in the area of short-circuit currents positive influence on the current limiting behavior occurs. The one described Mechanism of action is self-acting, that is, it is based solely on the triggering effect of a short-circuit current and the resulting Magnetic field.
Mit Vorteil lassen sich ferromagnetische Werkstoffe mit hohen bis sehr hohen relativen Anfangspermeabilitäten einsetzen; stellvertretend seien genannt Eisen sowie weichmagnetische Eisen-, Kobalt- oder Nickellegierungen, wie z.B. Permalloy oder Mu-Metall.Ferromagnetic materials with high to very high can be used with advantage use relative initial permeabilities; are representative Iron and soft magnetic iron, cobalt or nickel alloys, such as e.g. Permalloy or Mu metal.
Für die erwünschte Bündelung des Magnetfeldes ist es zweckmäßig, wenn sich der ferromagnetische Körper über die Gesamtlänge der Verdichterräume erstreckt. Es ist vorteilhaft, den ersten Anschlußleiter bzw. den ferromagnetischen Körper durch die oder einen Teil der druckfesten Isolierkörper festzulegen und zu isolieren. Die Verlängerung des Lichtbogens wird noch zusätzlich durch die versetzte Anordnung der Verbindungskanäle erhöht.For the desired bundling of the magnetic field, it is useful if the ferromagnetic body extends over the entire length of the compressor rooms extends. It is advantageous to use the first connecting conductor or the ferromagnetic one Fix body through or part of the pressure-resistant insulating body and isolate. The extension of the arc is additional increased by the staggered arrangement of the connecting channels.
Mit Vorteil ist als Flüssigmetall eine Gallium-Legierung zu verwenden. Insbesondere GaInSn-Legierungen sind einfach zu handhaben durch ihre physiologische Unbedenklichkeit. Eine Legierung aus 660 Gewichtsanteilen Gallium, 205 Gewichtsanteilen Indium und 135 Gewichtsanteilen Zinn ist bei Normaldruck von 10°C bis 2000°C flüssig und besitzt eine ausreichende elektrische Leitfähigkeit. It is advantageous to use a gallium alloy as the liquid metal. In particular GaInSn alloys are easy to handle due to their physiological Safety. An alloy of 660 parts by weight gallium, 205 parts by weight of indium and 135 parts by weight of tin are at normal pressure liquid from 10 ° C to 2000 ° C and has sufficient electrical Conductivity.
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden Ausführungsbeispiel. In der zugehörigen einzigen Figur 1 ist im Längsschnitt eine erfindungsgemäße Strombegrenzungseinrichtung gezeigt.Further details of the invention emerge from the following exemplary embodiment. In the associated single Figure 1 is a longitudinal section Current limiting device according to the invention shown.
Die einpolige Strombegrenzungseinrichtung 1 enthält zu beiden Seiten je eine
Elektrode 11 bzw. 12 aus Festmetall, vorzugsweise Kupfer, die rotationssymmetrisch
ausgebildet ist und in jeweils einen äußeren Anschlußleiter 21 bzw.
22 übergeht. Zwischen den Elektroden 11 und 12 befinden sich mehrere Verdichterräume
3, die durch eine entsprechende Anzahl von ringförmigen Dichtscheiben
4 sowie von isolierenden Zwischenwänden 6 gebildet werden. Durch
ein Formgehäuse 5 werden die Elektroden 11 und 12, die Dichtscheiben 4 und
die Zwischenwände 6 gehalten, wobei bekannte Mittel zum Abdichten der
Verdichterräume 3 und zum kraftschlüssigen Verbinden der im Formgehäuse
5 gelagerten Elemente 11, 12, 4 und 6 vorgesehen, jedoch aus Gründen der
Übersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellt sind. Die Mittel zum Abdichten können beispielsweise
Dichtringe zwischen den Dichtscheiben 4 und den Zwischenwänden
6 bzw. Elektroden 11, 12 sein. Die Mittel zum kraftschlüssigen Verbinden
sind beispielsweise durchgehende Spannschrauben entlang der beiden Linien
7. Die beiden äußeren Verdichterräume 3 werden seitlich jeweils durch eine
der Elektroden 11 bzw. 12 sowie durch eine Zwischenwand 6 begrenzt. Die
inneren Verdichterräume 3 werden seitlich jeweils durch zwei Zwischenwände
6 begrenzt. Das im allgemeinen mehrteilige Formgehäuse 5 und die Dichtscheiben
4 sind druckfeste erste bzw. zweite Isolierkörper. Alle Verdichterräume
3 sind teilweise mit einem Flüssigmetall 8 ausgefüllt, beispielsweise
einer GalnSn-Legierung. Oberhalb des Flüssigmetalls 8 befindet sich beispielsweise
Vakuum. Die Zwischenwände 6 sind unterhalb des Flüssigkeitsspiegels
mit Verbindungskanälen 9 versehen. Die Verbindungskanäle 9 sind
ebenfalls mit Flüssigmetall 8 gefüllt. The single-pole current
Der zur linken, ersten Elektrode 11 gehörende linke, erste Anschlußleiter 21
wird innerhalb des Formgehäuses 5 unterhalb der Verdichterräume 3 entlang
geführt und tritt auf der rechten Seite aus dem Formgehäuse 5 heraus. Der
zur rechten, zweiten Elektrode 12 gehörende rechte, zweite Anschlußleiter 22
tritt ebenfalls auf der rechten Seite aus dem Formgehäuse 5 heraus. Über den
Verdichterräumen 3 erstreckt sich ein im Formgehäuse 5 festgelegter ferromagnetischer
Körper 10. Der erste Anschlußleiter 21 verläuft so, daß der
Strom durch das Flüssigmetall 8 und durch den zweiten Anschlußleiter 22
entgegengerichtet ist, wodurch eine erste elektromagnetische Kraftkomponente
F1 auf den Strom im Flüssigmetall 8 ausgeübt wird. Die Wirkung des
durch den ferromagnetischen Körper 10 beeinflußten Magnetfeldes übt eine
zweite elektromagnetische Kraftkomponente F2 auf den Strom im Flüssigmetall
8 aus. Beide Kraftkomponenten F1 und F2 sind im wesentlichen nach
oben gerichtet, aber im Nennbetrieb der Strombegrenzungseinrichtung 1 ohne
nennenswerte Auswirkung auf den Strom im Flüssigmetall 8. Beim Auftreten
eines äußeren Kurzschlusses steigen allerdings die Kraftkomponenten F1 und
F2 so weit an, daß der entstehende strombegrenzende Lichtbogen innerhalb
der Verdichterräume 8 erheblich abgelenkt und damit verlängert wird. Dieser
Zustand wird durch die unterbrochene Linie L in Fig. 1 angedeutet. Durch den
verlängerten mäanderförmigen Verlauf des Lichtbogens erhöht sich in einem
wesentlichen Maße der Lichtbogenwiderstand. Durch das damit verkleinerte
Verhältnis von Durchlaßstrom zu auslösendem Kurzschlußstrom wird mit der
Strombegrenzungseinrichtung 1 ein verbesserter Strombegrenzungsfaktor
erreicht. Die Verlängerung des strombegrenzenden Lichtbogens wird zusätzlich
durch die versetzte Anordnung der zu benachbarten Zwischenwänden 6
gehörenden Verbindungskanäle 9 gefördert.The left, first connecting
Claims (7)
- Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal including, per pole, a first and a second solid-metal electrode (11; 12) for connection to an electric circuit to be protected, and several compression spaces (3) , which are partially filled with liquid metal (8) and arranged one behind the other between the electrodes (11; 12) and which are formed by pressure-resistant insulating bodies (4; 5) and several insulating partitions (6) which are supported by said insulating bodies and which are provided with connecting channels (9), characterized in that a first connecting conductor (21) connected to the first electrode (11) runs beneath the compression spaces (3) with an inverse current direction and that a ferromagnetic body (10) is arranged above the compression spaces (3).
- Current-limiting device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ferromagnetic body (10) consists of a material having a relative initial permeability of more than 500.
- Current-limiting device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ferromagnetic body (10) extends essentially over the total length of all compression spaces (3).
- Current-limiting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first connecting conductor (21) runs inside the insulating body (5).
- Current-limiting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ferromagnetic body (10) is secured by the insulating body (5).
- Current-limiting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting channels (9) of adjacent partitions (6) are arranged in a staggered manner.
- Current-limiting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid metal (8) is a GaInSn alloy.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19903837A DE19903837B4 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 1999-02-01 | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
| DE19903837 | 1999-02-01 | ||
| PCT/EP2000/000479 WO2000046829A1 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2000-01-22 | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1173873A1 EP1173873A1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
| EP1173873B1 true EP1173873B1 (en) | 2003-05-21 |
Family
ID=7895976
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00906218A Expired - Lifetime EP1173873B1 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2000-01-22 | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6850145B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1173873B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3457282B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE241213T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19903837B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000046829A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005050044A1 (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-05-03 | Moeller Gmbh | Device for current limitation |
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| US7023307B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2006-04-04 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Electro-magnetically enhanced current interrupter |
| DE102005060096B4 (en) * | 2004-12-17 | 2008-01-17 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Enclosed surge arrester for use as a low-voltage network spark gap with separate, electrically connected in series functional units |
| WO2009055763A2 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Kowalik Daniel P | Micro-fluidic bubble fuse |
| US9234979B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2016-01-12 | Magna Closures Inc. | Wide activation angle pinch sensor section |
| US8493081B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2013-07-23 | Magna Closures Inc. | Wide activation angle pinch sensor section and sensor hook-on attachment principle |
| US8773235B2 (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2014-07-08 | General Electric Company | Electrical switch and circuit breaker |
| CN106026059B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of liquid metal current-limiting apparatus and method based on insulation barrier |
| CN109637874B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-01-17 | 云南靖创液态金属热控技术研发有限公司 | Liquid metal current limiter |
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-
1999
- 1999-02-01 DE DE19903837A patent/DE19903837B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-01-22 AT AT00906218T patent/ATE241213T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-22 US US09/890,503 patent/US6850145B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-22 DE DE50002269T patent/DE50002269D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-22 EP EP00906218A patent/EP1173873B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-22 WO PCT/EP2000/000479 patent/WO2000046829A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-01-22 JP JP2000597821A patent/JP3457282B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005050044A1 (en) * | 2005-10-19 | 2007-05-03 | Moeller Gmbh | Device for current limitation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50002269D1 (en) | 2003-06-26 |
| JP2002536950A (en) | 2002-10-29 |
| WO2000046829A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
| DE19903837B4 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
| DE19903837A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
| EP1173873A1 (en) | 2002-01-23 |
| ATE241213T1 (en) | 2003-06-15 |
| US6850145B1 (en) | 2005-02-01 |
| JP3457282B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 |
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