SU922911A1 - Current limiter - Google Patents
Current limiter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SU922911A1 SU922911A1 SU802920383A SU2920383A SU922911A1 SU 922911 A1 SU922911 A1 SU 922911A1 SU 802920383 A SU802920383 A SU 802920383A SU 2920383 A SU2920383 A SU 2920383A SU 922911 A1 SU922911 A1 SU 922911A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- liquid metal
- current
- capillary
- channel
- current limiter
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H87/00—Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Description
Изобретение относится к технике' коммутирования электрических цепей постоянного тока, а именно к жидкометаллическим токоограничителям.The invention relates to the technique of 'switching electric DC circuits, namely to liquid metal current-limiting devices.
Известны жидкометаллические токоограничители, принцип работы которых 5 основан на испарении жидкого металла, заключенного в капиллярный канал [1] и Г2].Liquid metal current-limiting devices are known, the principle of operation of which 5 is based on the evaporation of a liquid metal enclosed in a capillary channel [1] and G2].
Недостатками указанных устройствThe disadvantages of these devices
10ten
являются малая надежность и ограниченный ресурс работы.are low reliability and limited service life.
Наиболее близким по технической сущности к предлагаемому является токоограничитеиь, который содержит твердометаллические электроды, разделенные изоляционной камерой, выполненной с каналом капиллярного сечения, заполненным жидким металлом. Капиллярный канал способен нести ' м номинальную токовую нагрузку.The closest in technical essence to the present invention is current limiting, which contains solid metal electrodes, separated by an insulating chamber, made with a capillary channel filled with liquid metal. The capillary channel can carry 'm nominal current load.
При протекании тока короткого замыкания, выделяющееся джоулево тепло приводит к испарению жидкого ме2During the flow of short circuit current, the Joule heat generated leads to the evaporation of liquid metal.
талла и созданию в канале высокого давления порядка 100-200 атм. При этом образуется плазма, обладающая большим удельным сопротивлением, что и приводит к эффекту токоогрзничения [3}.tall and the creation of a high pressure channel of the order of 100-200 atm. In this case, a plasma is formed, which has a high specific resistance, which leads to the effect of current resistance [3].
Недостаток известного устройства высокое давление,что приводит к необходимости создания такой конструкции токоограничителя, чтобы она смогла выдерживать столь сильное давление. Канал, ло условиям термической стойкости, выполняется из керамик на основе окиси алюминия, а корпус - из металла. Керамика не может выдерживать такого высокого давления, поэтому пространство между корпусом и керамикой заполняется веществом, которое увеличивает свой объем при затвердевании и создает начальное сжимающее давление на керамику. Это позволяет частично разгрузить керамику и передать все давление на металлический корпус.A disadvantage of the known device is high pressure, which leads to the need to create such a design of the current limiter so that it can withstand such a strong pressure. The channel, to the conditions of thermal stability, is made of ceramics based on aluminum oxide, and the body is made of metal. Ceramics cannot withstand such high pressure, therefore the space between the casing and ceramics is filled with a substance that increases its volume during solidification and creates an initial compressive pressure on the ceramics. This allows you to partially relieve ceramics and transfer all pressure to the metal case.
3 9229113 922911
Кроме того, для селективной работы защиты время протекания тока короткого замыкания должно быть достаточно большим, что ведет к еще большему нарастанию давления в канале за счет испарения уже непосредственно его стенок, вследствие чего изменяется сечение канала, что приводит к нестабильной работе аппарата и выходу его из строя.In addition, for the selective protection operation, the time of short circuit current flow should be sufficiently large, which leads to an even greater increase in pressure in the channel due to evaporation of its walls directly, as a result of which the channel section changes, which leads to unstable operation of the device and its output from building.
Цель изобретения - повышение надежности и долговечности.The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability and durability.
Указанная цель достигается тем, что в токоограничителе, содержащем твердометаллические электроды, разделенные 'изоляционной камерой, выполненной с каналом капиллярного сечения, заполненным жидким металлом, изоляционная камера снабжена рядом изоляционных перегородок, образующих цилиндрические полости большего, чем капиллярный канал сечения, частично заполненные жидким металлом, при этом указанные полости расположены несоосно с каналом капиллярного сечения, при помощи которого они сообщаются между собой.This goal is achieved by the fact that in the current limiter containing solid metal electrodes separated by an insulating chamber made with a capillary channel filled with liquid metal, the insulating chamber is provided with a series of insulating partitions that form cylindrical cavities larger than the capillary channel of the section partially filled with liquid metal, however, these cavities are located non-axially with the capillary channel, through which they communicate with each other.
На чертеже схематически представлено конструктивное выполнение токоограничителя.The drawing shows schematically the constructive implementation of the current limit.
Токоограничитель состоит из двух твердометаллических электродов 1 и 2, впрессованных в изоляционные шайбы 3, которые совместно с перегородками 4 и шайбами 5 образуют герметичную камеру, содержащую ряд полостей, соединенных капиллярным каналом. Жидкий металл ;6 полностью заполняет капиллярный канал и частично камеры большего сечения, оставляя свободный от жидкого металла объем 7. Все элементы камеры стянуты обоймой 8.The current limiter consists of two solid metal electrodes 1 and 2, pressed into insulating washers 3, which together with partitions 4 and washers 5 form a sealed chamber containing a series of cavities connected by a capillary channel. Liquid metal; 6 completely fills the capillary channel and partially the chamber of a larger cross-section, leaving the volume 7 free from liquid metal. All elements of the chamber are tightened by a clip 8.
Токоограничитель работает следующим образом.Current limiter works as follows.
При увеличении тока до величины тока среза токоограничителя жидкий металл в капиллярных каналах испаряется, пары металла проходят через объем жидкого металла, находящегося в полостях большого сечения, охлаждаются и конденсируются. Возникающие при этом дуги отключения в капиллярных каналах имеют опорные пятна на жидком металле, находящемся в полостях большего сечения. Изоляционные поверхности полостей и каналов соприкасаются с жидким металлом, яв4When the current increases to the value of the cut-off current of the current limiter, the liquid metal in the capillary channels evaporates, the metal vapors pass through the volume of the liquid metal in the cavities of a large cross section, are cooled and condensed. The arcing trips arising in this case in capillary channels have supporting spots on the liquid metal located in the cavities of a larger section. The insulating surfaces of the cavities and channels are in contact with the liquid metal, jav4
ляясь хорошим теплоносителем, интенсивно отводят поток тепловой энер гни, что уменьшает эрозию каналов, а следовательно, увеличивает ресурс ра 5 боты аппарата и позволяет достичь более стабильной величины тока среза. Возникающие дуги в капиллярных каналах гасятся за счет превышения суммы приэлектродных напряжений дуг Ю напряжения источника.Being a good heat carrier, they intensively divert the flow of heat energy, which reduces the erosion of the channels, and consequently, increases the life of the device and allows to achieve a more stable value of the cutoff current. The arcs arising in the capillary channels are extinguished due to the excess of the sum of the near-electrode voltages of the arcs Yu of the source voltage.
В предлагаемой конструкции увеличивается время токоограничения, что позволяет использовать существенную коммутационную аппаратуру для 15 отключения цепи. Кроме.того, наличие свободных объемов не занятых жидким металлом в полостях большего сечения позволяет значительно снизить уровень давления в межэлектродных ка20 налах токоограничителя, что повышает надежность его работы и позволяет использовать для их изготовления обычные электротехнические изоляционные материалы, например, кордиерит, 25 асбоцемент, текстолит и т.д.In the proposed design, the current limiting time is increased, which allows the use of essential switching equipment for disconnecting the circuit. In addition, the presence of free volumes not occupied by liquid metal in the cavities of a larger cross section can significantly reduce the level of pressure in the interelectrode current line of the current limiter, which increases the reliability of its work and allows using conventional electrical insulating materials, such as cordierite, 25 asbestos cement, textolite etc.
Для того, чтобы не увеличивать габариты устройства полости камеры ’ и капиллярный канал расположены несоосно.In order not to increase the dimensions of the device, the cavity of the chamber ’and the capillary channel are non-coaxial.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SU802920383A SU922911A1 (en) | 1980-05-05 | 1980-05-05 | Current limiter |
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SU802920383A SU922911A1 (en) | 1980-05-05 | 1980-05-05 | Current limiter |
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SU922911A1 true SU922911A1 (en) | 1982-04-23 |
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SU802920383A SU922911A1 (en) | 1980-05-05 | 1980-05-05 | Current limiter |
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Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19853580C1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-02-24 | Moeller Gmbh | Self restoring current limiting unit with liquid metal comprises intermediate walls with only their bushes in the zone of the connector channels made of a costly high temperature and fire resistant insulating material |
DE19909558C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-05-25 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter with liquid metal has insulating bodies and intermediate walls forming upper, lower shells sealed together along surfaces at connecting channel central plane |
WO2000031768A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19859095A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-27 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has structured internal electrode faces for increased surface area wetted by liquid metal |
EP1026720A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-09 | Moeller GmbH | Self restoring current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19903776A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter for electrical circuit, has liquid metal alloy with non-conducting liquid above, such that progressive heating due to short circuit causes flashing into vapors, rapidly establishing current-limiting arc |
WO2000046829A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
WO2000046828A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19905372C1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-24 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19909559C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter including partition walls with connection channels formed by opposed conical opening pairs, for overload and short-circuit protection |
WO2000058987A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating liquid metal current limiter |
EP1045419A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-18 | Moeller GmbH | Electrode arrangement for electrical devices with liquid metal |
DE19916325A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has an increased electrode to partition wall spacing or modified partition wall connection channels for electrode burn-off prevention |
WO2000062321A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limiter with liquid metal |
WO2000062322A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limiter with liquid metal |
EP1047093A1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-10-25 | Moeller GmbH | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19918451A1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-10-26 | Moeller Gmbh | Self recovering current limiter, has solid electrodes with liquid metal and insulating bodies between them in pressure vessel having connection channels |
DE19903938C1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-11-30 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovery current limiter has insulated separating bar in compression chamber held under influence of super pressure |
DE19926005A1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-14 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device using liquid metal, has compression chambers formed from tank-shaped insulator housing with grooves matching those of partitions |
DE19927065A1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2000-12-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE10139565A1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-03-06 | Moeller Gmbh | Current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE10360103A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Arrangement and method of mounting a current limiting device |
-
1980
- 1980-05-05 SU SU802920383A patent/SU922911A1/en active
Cited By (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19853577C1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19853580C1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-02-24 | Moeller Gmbh | Self restoring current limiting unit with liquid metal comprises intermediate walls with only their bushes in the zone of the connector channels made of a costly high temperature and fire resistant insulating material |
WO2000031768A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
US6788516B1 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2004-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19859095A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-27 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has structured internal electrode faces for increased surface area wetted by liquid metal |
DE19903939B4 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2004-02-26 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
EP1026720A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-09 | Moeller GmbH | Self restoring current limiting device with liquid metal |
WO2000046828A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19903939A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19903837A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering liquid metal short-circuit current limiter, uses magnetic effects to lengthen arc arising under fault conditions, and to exploit pinch effect, improving current limiting factor |
WO2000046829A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19903776A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter for electrical circuit, has liquid metal alloy with non-conducting liquid above, such that progressive heating due to short circuit causes flashing into vapors, rapidly establishing current-limiting arc |
DE19903938C1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-11-30 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovery current limiter has insulated separating bar in compression chamber held under influence of super pressure |
DE19903776B4 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2004-02-12 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device |
DE19903837B4 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2004-02-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19903940C1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-11-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
US6850145B1 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19905372C1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-24 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
WO2000054298A1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-14 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device having liquid metal |
US6621401B1 (en) | 1999-03-05 | 2003-09-16 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device having liquid metal |
DE19909558C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-05-25 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter with liquid metal has insulating bodies and intermediate walls forming upper, lower shells sealed together along surfaces at connecting channel central plane |
DE19909559C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter including partition walls with connection channels formed by opposed conical opening pairs, for overload and short-circuit protection |
DE19914147A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
WO2000058987A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating liquid metal current limiter |
US6525642B1 (en) | 1999-03-29 | 2003-02-25 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating liquid metal current limiter |
US6600405B1 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2003-07-29 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limter with liquid metal |
DE19916325A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has an increased electrode to partition wall spacing or modified partition wall connection channels for electrode burn-off prevention |
DE19916325B4 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2007-05-16 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
EP1045419A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-18 | Moeller GmbH | Electrode arrangement for electrical devices with liquid metal |
WO2000062321A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limiter with liquid metal |
DE19916324A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
WO2000062322A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limiter with liquid metal |
WO2000065618A2 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-11-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
US6714115B1 (en) | 1999-04-23 | 2004-03-30 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
EP1047093A1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-10-25 | Moeller GmbH | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19918451A1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-10-26 | Moeller Gmbh | Self recovering current limiter, has solid electrodes with liquid metal and insulating bodies between them in pressure vessel having connection channels |
WO2000065618A3 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2001-05-31 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
EP1047094A1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2000-10-25 | Moeller GmbH | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19926005A1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-14 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device using liquid metal, has compression chambers formed from tank-shaped insulator housing with grooves matching those of partitions |
WO2000077811A1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2000-12-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device containing liquid metal |
DE19927065A1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2000-12-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
US6603384B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 | 2003-08-05 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device having liquid metal |
DE10139565A1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-03-06 | Moeller Gmbh | Current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE10139565B4 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2004-07-29 | Moeller Gmbh | Current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE10360103A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Arrangement and method of mounting a current limiting device |
DE10360103B4 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2006-03-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Arrangement and method of mounting a current limiting device |
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