SU1076981A1 - Current-limiting circuit breaker - Google Patents
Current-limiting circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SU1076981A1 SU1076981A1 SU823474199A SU3474199A SU1076981A1 SU 1076981 A1 SU1076981 A1 SU 1076981A1 SU 823474199 A SU823474199 A SU 823474199A SU 3474199 A SU3474199 A SU 3474199A SU 1076981 A1 SU1076981 A1 SU 1076981A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- current
- channels
- liquid metal
- insulating plates
- cylindrical cavities
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H87/00—Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling
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- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
ТОКООГРЛНИЧИТЕЛЬ, содержащий корпус, два твердометаллических электрода, изол ционные пластины с выполненными в них отверсти ми, образуюпхимн каналы, причем изол ционные пластины раздел ют межэлектродный объем на цилиндрические полости, частично заполненные жидким металлом, а каналы расположены несоосно по отношению к цилиндрическим полост м, отличающийс тем, что, с целью повышени номинального тока, чувствительности и быстродействи аппарата , отверсти в каждых двух соседних изол ционных п.7астинах сдвинуты относительно лчруг друга к противоположным стенкам корпуса. 00, О) Ч СУ5 СО 00 Фыг. /CURVATOR, comprising a housing, two solid-metal electrodes, insulating plates with holes made in them, forming channels, the insulating plates dividing the interelectrode volume into cylindrical cavities partially filled with liquid metal, and the channels are misaligned with respect to the cylindrical cavities, characterized in that, in order to increase the rated current, the sensitivity and speed of the apparatus, the holes in each two adjacent insulating sections are shifted relative to h yr other on opposite walls of the housing. 00, O) H SU5 SO 00 Fyg. /
Description
Изобретение относитс к технике коммутировани электрических цепей посто нного тока, более конкретно к жидкометаллическим токоограничител м. Известен токоограничитель, содержащий корпус, два твердометаллических электрода, изол ционные пластины с выполненными в них отверсти ми, образующими каналы, причем изол ционные пластины раздел ют межэлектродный объем на цилиндрические полости, частичко заполненные жидким металлом , а каналы расположены несоосно по отношению к цилиндрическим полост м. Каналы имеют общую ось симметрии (1. Дл увеличени номинального тока токоограннчител необходимо увеличить сечение канала в изол ционной пластине. Это приводит к уменьшению объемных магнитогидродинамическнх сил в жидкометаллическом теле и снижение чувствительности и быстродействи . Таким образом, с увеличением номинального тока токоограничител снижаетс его чувствительность и быстродействие . Цель изобретени - увеличение номинального тока, чувствительности и быстродействи путем использовани дополнительных электромагнитных сил, обусловленных направлением тока в каналах. Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что в токоограничителе, содержащем корпус, два твердометаллических электрода, изол ционные пластины с выполненными в них отверсти ми , образующими каналы, причем изол ционные пластины раздел ют межэлектродный объем на цилиндрические полости, заполненные жидким металлом, а каналы расположены несоосно по отношению к цилиндрическим полост м, отверсти в каждых двух соседних изол ционных пластинах, сдвинуты относительно друг друга к противоположным боковым стенкам. В св зи с этим токораспределение в жидком металле таково, что образуютс петли тока. При этом на жидкометаллическое тело в капилл рных каналах действуют не только силы Пинч-эффекта, но и дополнительные электромагнитные силы, обусловленные петл ми тока. При прохождении по аппарату тока среза резко возрастает сила взаимодействи тока в каналах изол ционных пластин с магнитным полем тока петли, протекающего в канале большого сечени . F B-I, где I - ток; В - магнитна индукци . Эта сила направлена к стенке канала и способствует выбрасыванню жидкого металла из него. Таким образом, в номинальном режиме указанна сила незначительна И не оказывает вли ни на режим работы, а при резком возрастании тока увеличиваетс быстрО действие и повышаетс чувствительность аппарата. На фиг. I изображен токоограннчитель, общий вид, на фиг, 2 - разрез А-А на фиг. 1. Токоограничитель состоит из двух твердометаллических электродов 1 и 2, впрессованных В изол ционный корпус 3. В корпусе 3 расположены изол ционные пластины 4 н 5 с каналами, смещенными относительно друг друга к боковым стенкам корпуса. Между изол ционными пластинами 4 и 5 образуютс межэлектродные цилиндрические полости 6, частично заполненные, жидким металлом. Токоограничитель работает следующим . образом. В номинальном режиме на жидкометаллическое тело в каналах изол ционных пластин 4 и 5 действуют магнитогидродинамические силы, величина которых недостаточна дл разрыва жидкометаллического тела. При увеличении тока до величины тока среза токоограничител на жидкий металл в каналах будут действовать электродинамические силы, обусловленные петлей тока, прижимать его к стенкам канала изол ционных пластин и вытесн ть из него, одновременно будет происходить интенсивный нагрев жидкого металла, привод щий к испа- . рению его. Под действием давлени пары жидкого металла выбрасываютс в большие объемы и, проход через жидкий металл, наход щийс в цилиндрических полост х 6, охлаждатьс и конденсироватьс , а избыточное давление компенсируетс свободными объемами цилиндрических полостей 6. Возникающие дуги отключени имеют опорные п тна на жидком металле. Керамические поверхности каналов в изол ционных пластинах 4 и 5 при этом охлаждаютс путем интенсивного отвода потока тепловой энергии электродуги жидким металлом EI цилиндрических полост х 6. Таким образом, путем сдвига каналов в изол ционных полост х к боковым стенкам аппарата создаетс така конфигураци направлени тока, при которой на жидкий металл в каналах действует дополнительна электромагнитна сила, выбрасывающа жидкий металл из этих каналов, что дает возможность увеличивать сечение каналов в изат ционных пластинах, т.е. увеличивать номинальный ток аппарата, при этом повышаетс чувствительность и быстродействие . Токоограннчитель может примен тьс дл ограничени токов короткого замыкани в мощных судовых электроэнергетических установках.The invention relates to a technique for switching electric circuits of direct current, more specifically to liquid metal current-limiting devices. A current limiter is known, comprising a housing, two solid-metal electrodes, insulating plates with holes made in them forming channels, and the insulating plates divide the interelectrode volume by cylindrical cavities, partially filled with liquid metal, and the channels are located non-axially with respect to the cylindrical cavity. The channels have a common axis of symmetry (1. For an increase in the rated current of the current edge requires an increase in the channel cross section in the insulating plate. This leads to a decrease in the volume magnetohydrodynamic forces in the liquid metal body and a decrease in sensitivity and speed. Thus, with an increase in the rated current of the current limiter, its sensitivity and speed decrease. sensitivity and speed by using additional electromagnetic forces due to the direction of current in the channels. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the current-limiting device containing the housing there are two solid metal electrodes, insulating plates with holes in them forming channels, the insulating plates dividing the interelectrode volume into cylindrical cavities filled with liquid metal. with respect to the cylindrical cavities, the holes in each two adjacent insulating plates are shifted relative to each other towards the opposite side walls. Therefore, the current distribution in the liquid metal is such that current loops form. In this case, the liquid metal body in the capillary channels is affected not only by the Pinch effect forces, but also by additional electromagnetic forces due to current loops. When the shear current passes through the apparatus, the interaction force of the current in the channels of the insulation plates with the magnetic field of the loop current flowing in the channel of a large cross section sharply increases. F B-I, where I - current; B - magnetic induction. This force is directed to the wall of the channel and contributes to the ejection of liquid metal from it. Thus, in the nominal mode the indicated power is insignificant. And it does not affect the mode of operation, and with a sharp increase in the current, the fast action increases and the sensitivity of the apparatus increases. FIG. I shows a current faceting device, a general view, in FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1. The current limiter consists of two solid metal electrodes 1 and 2 pressed into an insulating body 3. Insulation plates 4 and 5 are located in case 3 with channels that are displaced relative to each other to the side walls of the case. Between the insulation plates 4 and 5, cylindrical interelectrode cavities 6 are formed, partially filled with liquid metal. The current limiter works as follows. in a way. In the nominal mode, the magnetic metal body in the channels of the insulation plates 4 and 5 is acted upon by magnetohydrodynamic forces, the magnitude of which is insufficient for breaking the liquid metal body. As the current increases to the value of the cut-off current of the liquid metal in the channels, electrodynamic forces will act due to the current loop, press it to the channel walls of the insulating plates and force out of it, and intense heating of the liquid metal will occur at the same time, leading to evaporation. rhenium it. Under the action of pressure, the vapors of the liquid metal are ejected into large volumes and, the passage through the liquid metal in the cylindrical cavities 6 is cooled and condensed, and the excess pressure is compensated by the free volumes of the cylindrical cavities 6. The ceramic surfaces of the channels in the insulating plates 4 and 5 are cooled by intensively diverting the flow of heat energy from the electric liquid by the liquid metal EI to the cylindrical cavities 6. Thus, by shifting the channels in the insulating cavities to the side walls of the apparatus, where an additional electromagnetic force acts on the liquid metal in the channels, ejecting the liquid metal from these channels, which makes it possible to increase the cross section of the channels in the isation plates, i.e. increase the rated current of the device, while increasing sensitivity and speed. The limiter can be used to limit short-circuit currents in high-power marine power installations.
Ф14г.гФ14г.г
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SU823474199A SU1076981A1 (en) | 1982-07-29 | 1982-07-29 | Current-limiting circuit breaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SU823474199A SU1076981A1 (en) | 1982-07-29 | 1982-07-29 | Current-limiting circuit breaker |
Publications (1)
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SU1076981A1 true SU1076981A1 (en) | 1984-02-29 |
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SU823474199A SU1076981A1 (en) | 1982-07-29 | 1982-07-29 | Current-limiting circuit breaker |
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19853580C1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-02-24 | Moeller Gmbh | Self restoring current limiting unit with liquid metal comprises intermediate walls with only their bushes in the zone of the connector channels made of a costly high temperature and fire resistant insulating material |
DE19909558C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-05-25 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter with liquid metal has insulating bodies and intermediate walls forming upper, lower shells sealed together along surfaces at connecting channel central plane |
WO2000031768A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19859095A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-27 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has structured internal electrode faces for increased surface area wetted by liquid metal |
DE19903776A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter for electrical circuit, has liquid metal alloy with non-conducting liquid above, such that progressive heating due to short circuit causes flashing into vapors, rapidly establishing current-limiting arc |
DE19903837A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering liquid metal short-circuit current limiter, uses magnetic effects to lengthen arc arising under fault conditions, and to exploit pinch effect, improving current limiting factor |
WO2000048216A1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-17 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19909559C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter including partition walls with connection channels formed by opposed conical opening pairs, for overload and short-circuit protection |
DE19916325A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has an increased electrode to partition wall spacing or modified partition wall connection channels for electrode burn-off prevention |
DE19927065A1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2000-12-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE10139565A1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-03-06 | Moeller Gmbh | Current limiting device with liquid metal |
US6600405B1 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2003-07-29 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limter with liquid metal |
DE10360103A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Arrangement and method of mounting a current limiting device |
-
1982
- 1982-07-29 SU SU823474199A patent/SU1076981A1/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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I. Авторское свидетельство СССР № 922911, кл. Н 01 Н 87/00, 1982. * |
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000031768A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-06-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19853580C1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-02-24 | Moeller Gmbh | Self restoring current limiting unit with liquid metal comprises intermediate walls with only their bushes in the zone of the connector channels made of a costly high temperature and fire resistant insulating material |
US6788516B1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2004-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19853577C1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19859095A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-27 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has structured internal electrode faces for increased surface area wetted by liquid metal |
DE19903776B4 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2004-02-12 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device |
US6850145B1 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19903776A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter for electrical circuit, has liquid metal alloy with non-conducting liquid above, such that progressive heating due to short circuit causes flashing into vapors, rapidly establishing current-limiting arc |
DE19903837A1 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-10 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering liquid metal short-circuit current limiter, uses magnetic effects to lengthen arc arising under fault conditions, and to exploit pinch effect, improving current limiting factor |
DE19903837B4 (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2004-02-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
WO2000048216A1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-17 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19905372C1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-24 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19909558C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-05-25 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiter with liquid metal has insulating bodies and intermediate walls forming upper, lower shells sealed together along surfaces at connecting channel central plane |
US6621401B1 (en) | 1999-03-05 | 2003-09-16 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device having liquid metal |
WO2000054298A1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-14 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device having liquid metal |
DE19909559C1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-07 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter including partition walls with connection channels formed by opposed conical opening pairs, for overload and short-circuit protection |
DE19916325A1 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2000-10-19 | Moeller Gmbh | Liquid metal-containing self-recovering current limiter has an increased electrode to partition wall spacing or modified partition wall connection channels for electrode burn-off prevention |
US6600405B1 (en) | 1999-04-12 | 2003-07-29 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-regenerating current limter with liquid metal |
DE19916325B4 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2007-05-16 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device with liquid metal |
DE19927065A1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2000-12-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current limiting device with liquid metal |
WO2000077811A1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2000-12-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device containing liquid metal |
US6603384B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 | 2003-08-05 | Moeller Gmbh | Self-recovering current-limiting device having liquid metal |
DE10139565A1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-03-06 | Moeller Gmbh | Current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE10139565B4 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2004-07-29 | Moeller Gmbh | Current limiting device with liquid metal |
DE10360103A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-21 | Moeller Gmbh | Arrangement and method of mounting a current limiting device |
DE10360103B4 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2006-03-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Arrangement and method of mounting a current limiting device |
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