EP1170093B1 - Fastening tool - Google Patents

Fastening tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1170093B1
EP1170093B1 EP01810620A EP01810620A EP1170093B1 EP 1170093 B1 EP1170093 B1 EP 1170093B1 EP 01810620 A EP01810620 A EP 01810620A EP 01810620 A EP01810620 A EP 01810620A EP 1170093 B1 EP1170093 B1 EP 1170093B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spindle
screwing
hollow spindle
screw
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01810620A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1170093A3 (en
EP1170093A2 (en
Inventor
Horst Rahmsdorf
Thomas Hofbrucker
Markus Looser
Thomas Bader
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Publication of EP1170093A2 publication Critical patent/EP1170093A2/en
Publication of EP1170093A3 publication Critical patent/EP1170093A3/en
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Publication of EP1170093B1 publication Critical patent/EP1170093B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
    • B25B21/023—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket for imparting an axial impact, e.g. for self-tapping screws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a screwdriver according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • This pneumatically operated screwdriving device has a driving spindle, which can be displaced against the force of a spring counter to a screwing direction relative to a housing of the screwdriver.
  • a coupling arranged between the insertion spindle and a hollow spindle ensures a rotationally fixed connection between the insertion spindle and the hollow spindle drivable by a drive motor when the screwdriving device is pressed against the substrate with a corresponding contact pressure, so that a displacement of the insertion spindle takes place in the direction of the hollow spindle ,
  • the drive spindle When attaching a plasterboard to a sheet metal frame, the drive spindle is first driven by the drive motor via the hollow spindle, so that the drywall screw drills through the plasterboard until the tip of the drywall screw comes to rest on the surface of the sheet metal frame. Subsequently, an impact mass which can be accelerated in the direction of insertion exerts a shock on the insertion spindle and the drywall screw cooperating with the insertion spindle. The driving spindle is accelerated in the screwing direction and the tip of the drywall screw generates a hole in the sheet metal frame into which the drywall screw enters Piece is driven far.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a well manageable screwdriver, with which one achieves a good screwing quality of drywall screws in the sheet metal frame with significantly reduced contact pressure for the user. It should be the Einfspindel of the striking mass displaced in the screwing, without the rotational connection between the screw drive and the hollow spindle is interrupted.
  • the drywall screw generates a hole in the sheet metal frame and the thread of the drywall screw cuts a corresponding receiving thread in the wall of the hole in the sheet metal frame in which the drywall screw is securely fixed.
  • a particularly secure and rotationally fixed connection between the hollow spindle and the screw drive is preferably carried out with at least one spherical locking element, which is arranged in a radial receiving bore of the hollow spindle and projects into a longitudinal groove of the driving spindle.
  • An automatic displacement of the hollow spindle of a working position in its insertion direction starting position and a resolution of the rotationally fixed connection between the hollow spindle and the drive shaft of the drive motor is preferably achieved with at least one spring of the clutch, when lifting the screwdriver from the plasterboard.
  • a particularly compact construction which in particular has a positive effect on the overall length of the screwdriver, is preferably achieved in that advantageously the hollow spindle passes through the coupling as well as a toothed wheel cooperating with the drive shaft of the drive motor.
  • the hollow spindle is expediently firmly connected to a first, screwing-in coupling part of the coupling, the first coupling part, against the force of a spring of the clutch, counter to the screwing to a relative to the hollow spindle axially displaceable and freely rotatable second coupling part of the clutch displaceable and the second coupling part, against the force of a second spring of the clutch, against the insertion direction to the gear of the transmission displaceable.
  • the clutch and the gear of the transmission can be prefabricated together with the hollow spindle and the drive spindle as a unit and used in the assembly of the screwdriver in one operation in the housing become.
  • the impact mass cooperating with the insertion spindle can be accelerated by an electromagnet in the screwing direction.
  • the electromagnet can be generated evenly strong blows, which have a positive effect in particular on the screwing quality of drywall screws.
  • the impact mass is formed for example from at least two coaxially arranged single impact masses, wherein a Einmosidess worne, first single impact mass of a non-magnetizable material and a second Einzelschlagmasse is formed from a magnetizable material.
  • the magnetizable single impact mass is not permanently magnetized, but is only magnetized as long as the coil of a magnet is under voltage.
  • the striking mass may also be, for example, a piston guided inside a cylinder which can be displaced with compressed air against the force of a restoring spring in the working direction. But it is also possible the impact mass - the piston - to move against the screwing by means of compressed air. In this case, a spring is biased, which takes over the acceleration of the impact mass at the desired time. The displacement of the piston against the screwing takes place for example with compressed air.
  • the compressed air can be generated, for example, with a compressor, which is in communication with the housing of the screwdriver.
  • This compressor can be driven, for example, with the electric drive motor of the screwdriver.
  • the compressor, the necessary valves and optionally a compressed air reservoir are mounted directly on the housing of the screwdriver or installed in the housing.
  • the impact energy can be metered, for example, by adjusting the operating pressure.
  • the displacement of the impact mass by means of an associated with the drywall screw or the screw jack and a current-conducting background electronics that emit a corresponding trigger signal to the electromagnet when touching the screw of the substrate.
  • the electronics are in electrical connection, for example, with the sheet-metal frame forming the base and with the drywall screw or the screw-in spindle. Using a capacitance comparison measurement, which takes place with the electronics, the corresponding trigger signal can be generated.
  • An automatic acceleration of the impact mass in the screwing direction can also be achieved, for example, by monitoring the speed of the drilling progress of the drywall screw through the plasterboard or sheet metal frame. This monitoring can for example be done with a, serving as a sensor, electrical potentiometer, which is coupled to a movable depth stop. As the drilling progress slows as the drywall screw strikes the sheet metal frame, a certain current or voltage variation that results when drilling through the plasterboard changes. This change can be detected by an evaluation and form the signal for triggering the blow.
  • the screwdriver has a housing 1 which is not completely shown, an electric drive motor 2, a hollow spindle 3 rotatably mounted in the housing 1, a gear 24 and a coupling 6 cooperating with the hollow spindle 3.
  • the hollow spindle 3 serves the axially movable but non-rotatable receiving a Eindusspindel 5, which is provided in Einfilidess widelyen end with a tool holder 4.
  • a screwdriver bit 18 is used, which has tuned to a head of a screwed-in drywall screw 22 Drehit Vietnamese lake.
  • An opposite to the insertion direction pointing end portion of the drive spindle 5 has a rounded face.
  • the rotationally fixed arrangement of the driving spindle 5 in the hollow spindle 3 serve spherical locking elements 13 which are mounted in radial receiving bores 14 of the hollow spindle 3 and project into corresponding longitudinal grooves 12 of the driving spindle 5.
  • the drive shaft 19 of the drive motor 2 extends substantially perpendicular to the screwing.
  • the gear 24 has a conical toothing.
  • the illustrated screwing device is used to attach plasterboard 20 to sheet metal frame 21 by means of drywall screws 22 which are screwed through the plasterboard 20 into the sheet metal frame 21.
  • the illustration shows a screwed into the plasterboard 20 drywall screw 22.
  • the hollow spindle 3 and the coupling 6 are drawn in the disengaged position.
  • the transmission of an outgoing from the drive motor 2 rotary motion on the drive spindle 5 is interrupted.
  • first coupling part 7 which is fixedly connected to the hollow spindle 3.
  • this first coupling part 7 is displaceable counter to the insertion direction to a relative to the hollow spindle 3 axially displaceable and freely rotatable second coupling part 8.
  • the second coupling part 8 is displaceable against the force of a second spring 10, counter to the insertion direction to a gear 11 of the transmission 24, which is also penetrated by the hollow spindle 3 and is in rotationally fixed connection with the drive shaft 19 of the drive motor 2.
  • the coil of an electromagnet 17 Coaxially behind the hollow spindle 3 is the coil of an electromagnet 17 and arranged in the coil, parallel displaceable to the insertion impact mass 15th with a hardened insert 16.
  • the hardened insert cooperating with the rounded striking face of the screw-in spindle 5 is, for example, a commercially available, hardened cylindrical pin, via which the impact energy of the entire striking mass 15 is transmitted to the screw-driving spindle 5.
  • the striking mass 15 is held by a return spring 23 in an initial position in which a magnetizable part of the striking mass 15 is arranged for the most part outside the coil of the electromagnet 17.
  • the length of the driving spindle 5 is dimensioned so that only a blow can be made on the striking surface when the clutch 6 is engaged by axial displacement of the hollow spindle 3 against the screwing.
  • An idle stroke of the impact mass 15 is absorbed by a corresponding stop 25 in a holder of the coil.
  • the coil of the electromagnet 17 can be controlled, for example, by an electronic circuit, not shown. This is designed so that it supplies the coil of the electromagnet 17 for a defined period of time with a defined voltage to the signal of a sensor, also not shown for sheet metal frame detection. Due to the resulting magnetic force, the magnetizable impact mass 15 is accelerated against the force of the return spring 23 in the screwing.
  • the striking mass 15 hits behind the hollow spindle 3 on the driving spindle 5 and can transmit their kinetic energy in the form of an elastic shock on the driving spindle 5 and thus on the screwdriver bit 18 and to be displaced drywall screw 22. After the blow the impact mass 15 is moved by the return spring 23 back to its original position. After the tip of the drywall screw 22 has been driven through the wall of the sheet metal frame 21 as described, the introduced screwing process comes to an end until the coupling 6 disengages.
  • the impact triggering can for example be done automatically due to response of a schematically illustrated sensor electronics 26, which detects the contact of the drywall screw tip with the surface of the sheet metal frame 21.
  • the sensor electronics 26 must be conductively connected to the drive-in spindle, the surface of the sheet metal frame 21 and the Elektromangnet 17 when the clutch is engaged.
  • the connecting lines are shown in dotted lines.
  • the screw-in is here for example by means of bushings made of plastic and non-conductive ceramic balls for Torque transfer electrically isolated installed to eliminate disturbing influences.
  • This electrical contacting takes place here by the connection to a conductive bushing.
  • the offset end of the drive spindle ensures disengaged clutch for an electrically separating gap between the bush and tool holder. Only the axial movement when pressing the clutch closes the contact and avoids additional false tripping and clearances.
  • the sensor electronics which can be used here, for example, are a capacitance comparison measurement of the system screw-in spindle, screwdriver bit, self-drilling screw without and with the sheet-metal frame.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

A screwing appliance has a casing (1), a rotatable hollow spindle (3) in the casing with limited axial re locatable capability and a non-rotating screw-in spindle (5) opposite the hollow spindle also with limited axial re locatable capability that can be relocated in a screw-in direction by an impact material mass (15). A coupling (6) fits between a drive motor (2) and the rotatable hollow spindle.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schraubgerät gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a screwdriver according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Der Raumunterteilung in Bauwerken dienen heutzutage Trennwände, die sich aus einem tragenden Blechrahmen und aus Gipskartonplatten zusammensetzen, die mit Hilfe von selbstschneidenden Schnellbauschrauben auf beiden Seiten des Blechrahmens befestigt werden. Diese eine scharfe Spitze aufweisenden Schnellbauschrauben haben den Vorteil, dass mit diesen direkt ein Loch in dem Blechrahmen erzeugt werden kann, in das ein Gewindeabschnitt der Schnellbauschrauben eingedreht wird. Inbesondere bei der Herstellung dieser Löcher mit herkömmlichen Schraubgeräten, ist vom Anwender eine hohe Anpresskraft auf das Schraubgerät auszuüben.Spatial subdivision in structures is nowadays made up of partitions consisting of a load-bearing sheet metal frame and plasterboard panels, which are fastened on both sides of the sheet metal frame by means of self-tapping drywall screws. These drywall screws, which have a sharp tip, have the advantage that they can be used to directly produce a hole in the sheet metal frame into which a threaded section of the drywall screws is screwed. In particular, in the production of these holes with conventional screwdrivers, the user must exert a high contact pressure on the screwdriver.

Eine Reduktion dieser Anpresskraft wird beispielsweise mit pneumatisch betriebenen Schraubgeräten erreicht, wie es beispielsweise aus der DE-1 478 914 bekannt ist. Dieses pneumatisch betriebene Schraubgerät verfügt über eine Eindrehspindel, die gegen die Kraft einer Feder entgegen einer Eindrehrichtung gegenüber einem Gehäuse des Schraubgerätes versetzbar ist. Eine zwischen der Eindrehspindel und einer Hohlspindel angeordnete Kupplung sorgt für eine drehfeste Verbindung zwischen der Eindrehspindel und der, von einem Antriebsmotor antreibbaren, Hohlspindel, wenn das Schraubgerät mit einem entsprechenden Anpressdruck gegen den Untergrund gedrückt wird, so dass eine Versetzung der Eindrehspindel in Richtung Hohlspindel erfolgt.A reduction of this contact force is achieved for example with pneumatically operated screwdrivers, as for example from the DE-1 478 914 is known. This pneumatically operated screwdriving device has a driving spindle, which can be displaced against the force of a spring counter to a screwing direction relative to a housing of the screwdriver. A coupling arranged between the insertion spindle and a hollow spindle ensures a rotationally fixed connection between the insertion spindle and the hollow spindle drivable by a drive motor when the screwdriving device is pressed against the substrate with a corresponding contact pressure, so that a displacement of the insertion spindle takes place in the direction of the hollow spindle ,

Bei der Befestigung einer Gipskartonplatte an einem Blechrahmen wird zunächst die Eindrehspindel über die Hohlspindel von dem Antriebsmotor angetrieben, so dass sich die Schnellbauschraube durch die Gipskartonplatte bohrt, bis die Spitze der Schnellbauschraube auf der Oberfläche des Blechrahmens zur Anlage gelangt. Anschliessend übt eine in Eindrehrichtung beschleunigbare Schlagmasse einen Schlag auf die Eindrehspindel und die mit der Eindrehspindel zusammenwirkende Schnellbauschraube aus. Dabei wird die Eindrehspindel in Eindrehrichtung beschleunigt und die Spitze der Schnellbauschraube erzeugt in dem Blechrahmen ein Loch, in das die Schnellbauschraube ein Stück weit eingetrieben wird. Da die drehschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Eindrehspindel und der Hohlspindel bei der axialen Versetzung der Eindrehspindel unterbrochen wird, erfolgt eine reine axiale Versetzung der Schnellbauschraube ohne eine Verdrehung derselben. Das Gewinde der Schnellbauschraube weitet dabei das Loch in dem Blechrahmen so weit auf, dass ein restlicher Teil des Gewindes der Schnellbauschraube bei einem nachfolgenden Eindrehvorgang kein Aufnahmegewinde in der Wandung des Loches mehr schaffen kann, indem die Schnellbauschraube ausreichenden Halt findet.When attaching a plasterboard to a sheet metal frame, the drive spindle is first driven by the drive motor via the hollow spindle, so that the drywall screw drills through the plasterboard until the tip of the drywall screw comes to rest on the surface of the sheet metal frame. Subsequently, an impact mass which can be accelerated in the direction of insertion exerts a shock on the insertion spindle and the drywall screw cooperating with the insertion spindle. The driving spindle is accelerated in the screwing direction and the tip of the drywall screw generates a hole in the sheet metal frame into which the drywall screw enters Piece is driven far. Since the rotational connection between the screw drive and the hollow spindle is interrupted in the axial displacement of the screw drive, there is a pure axial displacement of the drywall screw without a rotation of the same. The thread of the drywall screw expands the hole in the sheet metal frame so far that a remaining part of the thread of the drywall screw in a subsequent screwing can no longer create a receiving thread in the wall of the hole by the drywall screw finds sufficient support.

Die für den Betrieb dieses pneumatisch betriebenen Schraubgerätes notwendige Druckluft wird mit einem externen Kompressor erzeugt und beispielsweise in einem ebenfalls extern angeordneten Drucklufttank zur Verfügung gestellt. Die externe Anordnung des Kompressors bzw. des Drucklufttanks macht die Verwendung eines Druckluftschlauches notwendig, der das Handling des Schraubgerätes erheblich negativ beeinflusst.The necessary for the operation of this pneumatically operated screwdriver compressed air is generated by an external compressor and provided, for example, in a likewise externally arranged compressed air tank. The external arrangement of the compressor or the compressed air tank makes the use of a compressed air hose necessary, which affects the handling of the screwdriving device significantly negative.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gut handhabbares Schraubgerät zu schaffen, mit dem man eine gute Verschraubungsqualität der Schnellbauschrauben in dem Blechrahmen bei erheblich reduzierter Anpresskraft für den Anwender erreicht. Es soll die Eindrehspindel von der Schlagmasse in Eindrehrichtung versetzbar sein, ohne dass die drehschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Eindrehspindel und der Hohlspindel unterbrochen wird.The invention has for its object to provide a well manageable screwdriver, with which one achieves a good screwing quality of drywall screws in the sheet metal frame with significantly reduced contact pressure for the user. It should be the Eindrehspindel of the striking mass displaced in the screwing, without the rotational connection between the screw drive and the hollow spindle is interrupted.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch ein Schraubgerät, welches die im kennzeichnenden Abschnitt des Patentanspruchs 1 angeführten Merkmale aufweist.The solution to this problem is achieved by a screwdriver, which has the features listed in the characterizing portion of claim 1.

Die von einem Antriebsmotor ausgehende Drehbewegung wird bei dem erfindungsgemässen Schraubgerät über eine gegenüber dem Gehäuse axial begrenzt versetzbare und drehbar gelagerte Hohlspindel auf eine Eindrehspindel übertragen, die axial beweglich aber drehfest in der Hohlspindel geführt ist. Mit dieser axial versetzbaren Hohlspindel ist es möglich während eines Verschraubungsvorganges, bei dem sich die Eindrehspindel dreht, einen Schlag auf die Schlagfläche der Eindrehspindel abzugeben, ohne dass die drehfeste Verbindung zwischen der Hohlspindel und der Antriebswelle des Antriebsmotors unterbrochen wird.The outgoing by a drive motor rotary motion is transmitted to the screwdriver according to the invention over a relative to the housing axially limited displaceable and rotatably mounted hollow spindle on a driving spindle, which is axially movable but rotatably guided in the hollow spindle. With this axially displaceable hollow spindle, it is possible during a Verschraubungsvorganges in which the screw drive rotates to deliver a blow to the club face of Eindrehspindel without the rotational connection between the hollow spindle and the drive shaft of the drive motor is interrupted.

Die Schnellbauschraube erzeugt dabei ein Loch in dem Blechrahmen und das Gewinde des Schnellbauschraube schneidet sich ein entsprechendes Aufnahmegewinde in der Wandung des Loches in dem Blechrahmen, in dem die Schnellbauschraube sicher festlegbar ist.The drywall screw generates a hole in the sheet metal frame and the thread of the drywall screw cuts a corresponding receiving thread in the wall of the hole in the sheet metal frame in which the drywall screw is securely fixed.

Eine besonders sichere und drehfeste Verbindung zwischen der Hohlspindel und der Eindrehspindel erfolgt vorzugsweise mit wenigstens einem kugelförmigen Verriegelungselement, das in einer radialen Aufnahmebohrung der Hohlspindel angeordnet ist und in eine Längsnut der Eindrehspindel ragt.A particularly secure and rotationally fixed connection between the hollow spindle and the screw drive is preferably carried out with at least one spherical locking element, which is arranged in a radial receiving bore of the hollow spindle and projects into a longitudinal groove of the driving spindle.

Eine automatische Versetzung der Hohlspindel von einer Arbeitsstellung in ihre eindrehrichtungsseitige Ausgangsstellung und eine Auflösung der drehfesten Verbindung zwischen der Hohlspindel und der Antriebswelle des Antriebsmotors wird vorzugsweise mit wenigstens einer Feder der Kupplung, beim Abheben des Schraubgerätes von der Gipskartonplatte, erreicht.An automatic displacement of the hollow spindle of a working position in its insertion direction starting position and a resolution of the rotationally fixed connection between the hollow spindle and the drive shaft of the drive motor is preferably achieved with at least one spring of the clutch, when lifting the screwdriver from the plasterboard.

Eine besonders kompakte Bauweise, die sich insbesondere auf die Baulänge des Schraubgerätes positiv auswirkt, wird vorzugsweise dadurch erreicht, dass vorteilhafterweise die Hohlspindel die Kupplung sowie ein drehschlüssig mit der Antriebswelle des Antriebsmotors zusammenwirkendes Zahnrad durchsetzt.A particularly compact construction, which in particular has a positive effect on the overall length of the screwdriver, is preferably achieved in that advantageously the hollow spindle passes through the coupling as well as a toothed wheel cooperating with the drive shaft of the drive motor.

Aus herstell- und montagetechnischen Gründen ist zweckmässigerweise die Hohlspindel mit einem ersten, eindrehrichtungsseitigen Kupplungsteil der Kupplung fest verbunden, das erste Kupplungsteil, gegen die Kraft einer Feder der Kupplung, entgegen der Eindrehrichtung zu einem gegenüber der Hohlspindel axial versetzbaren sowie frei drehbaren zweiten Kupplungsteil der Kupplung versetzbar und das zweite Kupplungsteil, gegen die Kraft einer zweiten Feder der Kupplung, entgegen der Eindrehrichtung zum Zahnrad des Getriebes versetzbar. Da sämtliche Teile der Kupplung und ein zum Getriebe zählendes Zahnrad im unmittelbaren Umgebungsbereich der Hohlspindel angeordnet sind, kann die Kupplung und das Zahnrad des Getriebes zusammen mit der Hohlspindel sowie der Eindrehspindel als Baueinheit vorgefertigt und bei der Montage des Schraubgerätes in einem Arbeitsgang in das Gehäuse eingesetzt werden.For manufacturing and assembly reasons, the hollow spindle is expediently firmly connected to a first, screwing-in coupling part of the coupling, the first coupling part, against the force of a spring of the clutch, counter to the screwing to a relative to the hollow spindle axially displaceable and freely rotatable second coupling part of the clutch displaceable and the second coupling part, against the force of a second spring of the clutch, against the insertion direction to the gear of the transmission displaceable. Since all parts of the clutch and a gear counting gear are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the hollow spindle, the clutch and the gear of the transmission can be prefabricated together with the hollow spindle and the drive spindle as a unit and used in the assembly of the screwdriver in one operation in the housing become.

Vorzugsweise ist die mit der Eindrehspindel zusammenwirkende Schlagmasse von einem Elektromagneten in Eindrehrichtung beschleunigbar. Mit Hilfe des Elektromagneten lassen sich gleichmässig starke Schläge erzeugen, die sich insbesondere auf die Verschraubungsqualität der Schnellbauschrauben positiv auswirken.Preferably, the impact mass cooperating with the insertion spindle can be accelerated by an electromagnet in the screwing direction. With the help of the electromagnet can be generated evenly strong blows, which have a positive effect in particular on the screwing quality of drywall screws.

Die Schlagmasse ist beispielsweise aus wenigstens zwei koaxial zueinander angeordneten Einzelschlagmassen gebildet, wobei eine eindrehrichtungsseitige, erste Einzelschlagmasse aus einem nichtmagnetisierbaren Material und eine zweite Einzelschlagmasse aus einem magnetisierbaren Material gebildet ist. Die magnetisierbare Einzelschlagmasse ist dabei nicht dauermagnetisiert, sondern wird nur magnetisiert solange die Spule eines Magneten unter Spannung steht. Die Schlagmasse kann aber beispielsweise auch ein, innerhalb eines Zylinders geführter Kolben sein, der mit Druckluft gegen die Kraft einer Rückstellfeder in Arbeitsrichtung versetzbar ist. Es ist aber auch möglich die Schlagmasse - den Kolben - entgegen der Eindrehrichtung mit Hilfe der Druckluft zu versetzen. Dabei wird eine Feder vorgespannt, die die Beschleunigung der Schlagmasse zum gewünschten Zeitpunkt übernimmt. Die Versetzung des Kolbens entgegen der Eindrehrichtung erfolgt beispielsweise mit Druckluft.The impact mass is formed for example from at least two coaxially arranged single impact masses, wherein a Eindrehrichtungsseitige, first single impact mass of a non-magnetizable material and a second Einzelschlagmasse is formed from a magnetizable material. The magnetizable single impact mass is not permanently magnetized, but is only magnetized as long as the coil of a magnet is under voltage. However, the striking mass may also be, for example, a piston guided inside a cylinder which can be displaced with compressed air against the force of a restoring spring in the working direction. But it is also possible the impact mass - the piston - to move against the screwing by means of compressed air. In this case, a spring is biased, which takes over the acceleration of the impact mass at the desired time. The displacement of the piston against the screwing takes place for example with compressed air.

Damit der Anwender nicht auf das Vorhandensein externer Druckluftquellen angewiesen ist, ist die Druckluft beispielsweise mit einem Kompressor erzeugbar, der mit dem Gehäuse des Schraubgerätes in Verbindung steht. Antreibbar ist dieser Kompressor beispielsweise mit dem elektrischen Antriebsmotor des Schraubgerätes. Das bedeutet, dass der Kompressor, die notwendigen Ventile und gegebenenfalls ein Druckluftspeicher direkt an dem Gehäuse des Schraubgerätes angebaut oder in dem Gehäuse eingebaut sind. Die Schlagenergie ist beispielsweise durch Einstellung des Betriebsdruckes dosierbar.So that the user is not dependent on the presence of external sources of compressed air, the compressed air can be generated, for example, with a compressor, which is in communication with the housing of the screwdriver. This compressor can be driven, for example, with the electric drive motor of the screwdriver. This means that the compressor, the necessary valves and optionally a compressed air reservoir are mounted directly on the housing of the screwdriver or installed in the housing. The impact energy can be metered, for example, by adjusting the operating pressure.

Vorzugsweise kann die Versetzung der Schlagmasse mit Hilfe einer mit der Schnellbauschraube bzw. der Eindrehspindel und einem stromleitenden Untergrund in Verbindung stehenden Elektronik erfolgen, die beim Berühren der Schraube des Untergrundes ein entsprechendes Auslösesignal an den Elektromagneten abgibt. Die Elektronik steht dabei beispielsweise mit dem, den Untergrund bildenden Blechrahmen und mit der Schnellbauschraube bzw. der Eindrehspindel in elektrischer Verbindung. Mit Hilfe einer Kapazitätsvergleichsmessung, die mit der Elektronik erfolgt, lässt sich das entsprechende Auslösesignal erzeugen.Preferably, the displacement of the impact mass by means of an associated with the drywall screw or the screw jack and a current-conducting background electronics that emit a corresponding trigger signal to the electromagnet when touching the screw of the substrate. The electronics are in electrical connection, for example, with the sheet-metal frame forming the base and with the drywall screw or the screw-in spindle. Using a capacitance comparison measurement, which takes place with the electronics, the corresponding trigger signal can be generated.

Eine automatische Beschleunigung der Schlagmasse in Eindrehrichtung kann beispielsweise auch dadurch erreicht werden, indem die Geschwindigkeit des Bohrfortschritts der Schnellbauschraube durch den Gipskarton bzw. den Blechrahmen überwacht wird. Diese Überwachung kann beispielsweise mit einem, als Messaufnehmer dienenden, elektrischen Potentiometer erfolgen, das an einen beweglichen Tiefenanschlag gekoppelt ist. Wenn sich der Bohrfortschritt beim Auftreffen der Schnellbauschraube auf dem Blechrahmen verlangsamt, ändert sich ein bestimmter Strom- oder Spannungsverlauf, der sich beim Durchbohren der Gipskartonplatte ergibt. Diese Änderung kann von einer Auswerteelektronik detektiert werden und das Signal für das Auslösen des Schlages bilden.An automatic acceleration of the impact mass in the screwing direction can also be achieved, for example, by monitoring the speed of the drilling progress of the drywall screw through the plasterboard or sheet metal frame. This monitoring can for example be done with a, serving as a sensor, electrical potentiometer, which is coupled to a movable depth stop. As the drilling progress slows as the drywall screw strikes the sheet metal frame, a certain current or voltage variation that results when drilling through the plasterboard changes. This change can be detected by an evaluation and form the signal for triggering the blow.

Die Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung, welche ein teilweise im Längsschnitt dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel wiedergibt, näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing, which shows an embodiment partially shown in longitudinal section.

Das erfindungsgemässe Schraubgerät weist ein nicht vollständig dargestelltes Gehäuse 1, einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor 2, eine im Gehäuse 1 drehbar gelagerte Hohlspindel 3, ein Getriebe 24 sowie eine mit der Hohlspindel 3 zusammenwirkende Kupplung 6 auf. Die Hohlspindel 3 dient der axial beweglichen aber drehfesten Aufnahme einer Eindrehspindel 5, die im eindrehrichtungsseitigen Endbereich mit einer Werkzeugaufnahme 4 versehen ist. In der Werkzeugaufnahme 4 ist ein Schrauberbit 18, eingesetzt, der auf einen Kopf einer einzudrehenden Schnellbauschraube 22 abgestimmte Drehmitnahmeflächen aufweist. Ein entgegen der Eindrehrichtung weisender Endbereich der Eindrehspindel 5 besitzt eine abgerundete Schlagfläche. Der drehfesten Anordnung der Eindrehspindel 5 in der Hohlspindel 3 dienen kugelförmige Verriegelungselemente 13, die in radialen Aufnahmebohrungen 14 der Hohlspindel 3 gelagert sind und in entsprechende Längsnuten 12 der Eindrehspindel 5 ragen. Die Antriebswelle 19 des Antriebsmotors 2 erstreckt sich im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Eindrehrichtung. Das Getriebe 24 besitzt eine Kegelverzahnung.The screwdriver according to the invention has a housing 1 which is not completely shown, an electric drive motor 2, a hollow spindle 3 rotatably mounted in the housing 1, a gear 24 and a coupling 6 cooperating with the hollow spindle 3. The hollow spindle 3 serves the axially movable but non-rotatable receiving a Eindrehspindel 5, which is provided in Eindrehrichtungsseitigen end with a tool holder 4. In the tool holder 4 is a screwdriver bit 18, is used, which has tuned to a head of a screwed-in drywall screw 22 Drehitnahmeflächen. An opposite to the insertion direction pointing end portion of the drive spindle 5 has a rounded face. The rotationally fixed arrangement of the driving spindle 5 in the hollow spindle 3 serve spherical locking elements 13 which are mounted in radial receiving bores 14 of the hollow spindle 3 and project into corresponding longitudinal grooves 12 of the driving spindle 5. The drive shaft 19 of the drive motor 2 extends substantially perpendicular to the screwing. The gear 24 has a conical toothing.

Das dargestellte Schraubgerät dient der Befestigung von Gipskartonplatten 20 an Blechrahmen 21 mit Hilfe von Schnellbauschrauben 22, die durch die Gipskartonplatte 20 hindurch in den Blechrahmen 21 eingedreht werden. Die Darstellung zeigt eine in die Gipskartonplatte 20 eingedrehte Schnellbauschraube 22. Die Hohlspindel 3 und die Kupplung 6 sind in ausgekuppelter Stellung gezeichnet. Die Übertragung einer vom Antriebsmotor 2 ausgehenden Drehbewegung auf die Eindrehspindel 5 ist unterbrochen.The illustrated screwing device is used to attach plasterboard 20 to sheet metal frame 21 by means of drywall screws 22 which are screwed through the plasterboard 20 into the sheet metal frame 21. The illustration shows a screwed into the plasterboard 20 drywall screw 22. The hollow spindle 3 and the coupling 6 are drawn in the disengaged position. The transmission of an outgoing from the drive motor 2 rotary motion on the drive spindle 5 is interrupted.

Die in dem Antriebsstrang zwischen dem Antriebsmotor 2 und der Hohlspindel 3 angeordnete Kupplung 6 weist ein eindrehrichtungsseitiges, erstes Kupplungsteil 7 auf, das mit der Hohlspindel 3 fest verbunden ist. Gegen die Kraft einer ersten Feder 9, ist dieses erste Kupplungsteil 7 entgegen der Eindrehrichtung zu einem gegenüber der Hohlspindel 3 axial versetzbaren sowie frei drehbaren zweiten Kupplungsteil 8 versetzbar. Das zweite Kupplungsteil 8 ist gegen die Kraft einer zweiten Feder 10, entgegen der Eindrehrichtung zu einem Zahnrad 11 des Getriebes 24 versetzbar, das ebenfalls von der Hohlspindel 3 durchsetzt ist und in drehschlüssiger Verbindung mit der Antriebswelle 19 des Antriebsmotors 2 steht.The arranged in the drive train between the drive motor 2 and the hollow spindle 3 clutch 6 has a einrehrichtungsseitiges, first coupling part 7 which is fixedly connected to the hollow spindle 3. Against the force of a first spring 9, this first coupling part 7 is displaceable counter to the insertion direction to a relative to the hollow spindle 3 axially displaceable and freely rotatable second coupling part 8. The second coupling part 8 is displaceable against the force of a second spring 10, counter to the insertion direction to a gear 11 of the transmission 24, which is also penetrated by the hollow spindle 3 and is in rotationally fixed connection with the drive shaft 19 of the drive motor 2.

Koaxial hinter der Hohlspindel 3 befindet sich die Spule eines Elektromagneten 17 und eine in der Spule angeordnete, parallel zur Eindrehrichtung versetzbare Schlagmasse 15 mit einem gehärteten Einsatz 16. Bei dem, mit der abgerundeten Schlagfläche der Eindrehspindel 5 zusammenwirkenden, gehärteten Einsatz handelt es sich beispielsweise um einen handelsüblichen, gehärteten Zylinderstift, über den die Stossenergie der gesamten Schlagmasse 15 auf die Eindrehspindel 5 übertragen wird.Coaxially behind the hollow spindle 3 is the coil of an electromagnet 17 and arranged in the coil, parallel displaceable to the insertion impact mass 15th with a hardened insert 16. The hardened insert cooperating with the rounded striking face of the screw-in spindle 5 is, for example, a commercially available, hardened cylindrical pin, via which the impact energy of the entire striking mass 15 is transmitted to the screw-driving spindle 5.

In der gezeigten Darstellung wird die Schlagmasse 15 durch eine Rückholfeder 23 in einer Ausgangsstellung gehalten, in der ein magnetisierbarer Teil der Schlagmasse 15 zum grössten Teil ausserhalb der Spule des Elektromagneten 17 angeordnet ist.In the illustration shown, the striking mass 15 is held by a return spring 23 in an initial position in which a magnetizable part of the striking mass 15 is arranged for the most part outside the coil of the electromagnet 17.

Die Länge der Eindrehspindel 5 ist so bemessen, dass nur dann ein Schlag auf deren Schlagfläche erfolgen kann, wenn die Kupplung 6 durch axiales Verschieben der Hohlspindel 3 entgegen der Eindrehrichtung eingerückt ist. Dadurch ist ohne zusätzliche Bauteile die Funktion einer Anpressicherung gewährleistet. Ein Leerschlag der Schlagmasse 15 wird durch einen entsprechenden Anschlag 25 in einer Halterung der Spule aufgefangen. Die Spule des Elektromagneten 17 ist beispielsweise durch eine nicht dargestellte Elektronikschaltung ansteuerbar. Diese ist so ausgeführt, dass sie auf das Signal eines ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Sensors zur Blechrahmenerkennung hin die Spule des Elektromagneten 17 für einen definierten Zeitraum mit einer definierten Spannung versorgt. Durch die dadurch entstehende Magnetkraft wird die magnetisierbare Schlagmasse 15 gegen die Kraft der Rückholfeder 23 in Eindrehrichtung beschleunigt.The length of the driving spindle 5 is dimensioned so that only a blow can be made on the striking surface when the clutch 6 is engaged by axial displacement of the hollow spindle 3 against the screwing. As a result, the function of an Anpressicherung is guaranteed without additional components. An idle stroke of the impact mass 15 is absorbed by a corresponding stop 25 in a holder of the coil. The coil of the electromagnet 17 can be controlled, for example, by an electronic circuit, not shown. This is designed so that it supplies the coil of the electromagnet 17 for a defined period of time with a defined voltage to the signal of a sensor, also not shown for sheet metal frame detection. Due to the resulting magnetic force, the magnetizable impact mass 15 is accelerated against the force of the return spring 23 in the screwing.

Ist die Kupplung 6 in diesem Moment eingerückt, trifft die Schlagmasse 15 hinter der Hohlspindel 3 auf die Eindrehspindel 5 und kann ihre kinetische Energie in Form eines elastischen Stosses auf die Eindrehspindel 5 und damit auf den Schrauberbit 18 und die zu versetzende Schnellbauschraube 22 übertragen. Nach erfolgtem Schlag wird die Schlagmasse 15 von der Rückholfeder 23 wieder in ihre Ausgangsstellung bewegt. Nachdem die Spitze der Schnellbauschraube 22 wie beschrieben durch die Wand des Blechrahmens 21 getrieben wurde, läuft der eingeleitete Verschraubungsvorgang zu Ende ab, bis die Kupplung 6 ausrückt.If the clutch 6 is engaged at this moment, the striking mass 15 hits behind the hollow spindle 3 on the driving spindle 5 and can transmit their kinetic energy in the form of an elastic shock on the driving spindle 5 and thus on the screwdriver bit 18 and to be displaced drywall screw 22. After the blow the impact mass 15 is moved by the return spring 23 back to its original position. After the tip of the drywall screw 22 has been driven through the wall of the sheet metal frame 21 as described, the introduced screwing process comes to an end until the coupling 6 disengages.

Die Schlagauslösung kann beispielsweise automatisch infolge Ansprechen einer schematisch dargestellten Sensorelektronik 26, die den Kontakt der Schnellbauschraubenspitze mit der Oberfläche des Blechrahmens 21 detektiert, erfolgen. Dazu muss die Sensorelektronik 26 bei eingerückter Kupplung mit der Eindrehspindel, der Oberfläche des Blechrahmens 21 und dem Elektromangnet 17 leitend verbunden sein. Die Verbindungsleitungen sind strichliert dargestellt. Die Eindrehspindel ist hier beispielsweise mittels Lagerbuchsen aus Kunststoff und nichtleitenden Keramikkugeln zur Drehmomentübertragung elektrisch isoliert eingebaut, um störende Einflüsse auszuschalten.The impact triggering can for example be done automatically due to response of a schematically illustrated sensor electronics 26, which detects the contact of the drywall screw tip with the surface of the sheet metal frame 21. For this purpose, the sensor electronics 26 must be conductively connected to the drive-in spindle, the surface of the sheet metal frame 21 and the Elektromangnet 17 when the clutch is engaged. The connecting lines are shown in dotted lines. The screw-in is here for example by means of bushings made of plastic and non-conductive ceramic balls for Torque transfer electrically isolated installed to eliminate disturbing influences.

Diese elektrische Kontaktierung erfolgt hier durch den Anschluss an eine leitende Lagerbuchse. Das abgesetzte Ende der Eindrehspindel sorgt bei ausgerückter Kupplung für einen elektrisch trennenden Spalt zwischen Buchse und Werkzeughalter. Erst die Axialbewegung beim Eindrücken der Kupplung schliesst den Kontakt und vermeidet zusätzliche Fehlauslösungen und Leerschläge.This electrical contacting takes place here by the connection to a conductive bushing. The offset end of the drive spindle ensures disengaged clutch for an electrically separating gap between the bush and tool holder. Only the axial movement when pressing the clutch closes the contact and avoids additional false tripping and clearances.

Bei der hier beispielsweise verwendbaren Sensorelektronik handelt es sich um eine Kapazitätsvergleichsmessung des Systems Eindrehspindel, Schrauberbit, Selbstbohrschraube ohne und mit dem Blechrahmen.The sensor electronics which can be used here, for example, are a capacitance comparison measurement of the system screw-in spindle, screwdriver bit, self-drilling screw without and with the sheet-metal frame.

Claims (8)

  1. Screw-driving device having a housing (1), a drive motor (2), a hollow spindle (3) mounted to be rotatable in the housing (1), a screwing-in spindle (5) at least part of which projects into the hollow spindle (3) and which is displaceable axially relative to the hollow spindle (3) to a limited degree and which is able to be displaced in the screwing-in direction by a percussive weight (15) which is arranged to be displaceable axially in the housing (1) to a limited degree, and having a coupling (6) which is able to transmit a rotary movement from a drive shaft (19) of the drive motor (2) to the screwing-in spindle (5), characterised in that the hollow spindle (3) is displaceable axially relative to the housing (1) to a limited degree and is connected to the screwing-in spindle (5) to rotate in unison therewith, and in that the coupling (6) is arranged between the hollow spindle (3) and the drive shaft (19) of the drive motor (2).
  2. Screw-driving device according to claim 1, characterised in that the connection between the hollow spindle (3) and the screwing-in spindle (5) to cause them to rotate in unison with one another is made by at least one spherical locking member (13) which is arranged in a radial receiving bore (14) in the hollow spindle (3) and which projects into a longitudinal groove (12) in the screwing-in spindle (5).
  3. Screw-driving device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, in the direction opposite to the direction of screwing-in, the hollow spindle (3) can be displaced in opposition to the force exerted by at least one spring (9, 10) belonging to the coupling (6) to a working position in which the hollow spindle (3) is connected to the drive shaft (19) of the drive motor (2) to rotate in unison therewith.
  4. Screw-driving device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the hollow spindle (3) passes through the coupling (6).
  5. Screw-driving device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the hollow spindle (3) passes through a gear (11) belonging to the gearing (24), the gear (11) co-operating with the drive shaft (19) of the drive motor (2) in such a way that its rotation is positively locked to that of drive shaft (19).
  6. Screw-driving device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the hollow spindle (3) is solidly connected to a first part (7) of the coupling (6) which is situated at the end oriented in the screwing-in direction, in that the first part (7) of the coupling is displaceable, in opposition to the force exerted by a first spring (9) and in the opposite direction to the direction of screwing-in, relative to second part (8) of the coupling (6) which is axially displaceable and freely rotatable relative to the hollow spindle (3), and in that the second part (8) of the coupling is displaceable, in opposition to the force exerted by a second spring (10) belonging to the coupling (6) and in the opposite direction to the direction of screwing-in, relative to the gear (11) of the gearing (24).
  7. Screw-driving device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the percussive weight (15) which co-operates with the screwing-in spindle (5) can be accelerated in the direction of screwing-in by an electromagnet (17).
  8. Screw-driving device according to claim 7, characterised in that the displacement of the percussive weight (15) is performed with the help of an electronic system which is connected to the dry wall screw (22), or in other words to the screwing-in spindle (5), and to a conductive support and which transmits an appropriate triggering signal to the electromagnet (17) when the screw makes contact with the support.
EP01810620A 2000-07-06 2001-06-26 Fastening tool Expired - Lifetime EP1170093B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10032949A DE10032949A1 (en) 2000-07-06 2000-07-06 screwdriving
DE10032949 2000-07-06

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EP1170093A2 EP1170093A2 (en) 2002-01-09
EP1170093A3 EP1170093A3 (en) 2002-11-27
EP1170093B1 true EP1170093B1 (en) 2009-03-11

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US (1) US6526852B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1170093B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4785279B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100719822B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE424971T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10032949A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2320411T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA01006629A (en)
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ES2320411T3 (en) 2009-05-22
KR100719822B1 (en) 2007-05-18
US6526852B2 (en) 2003-03-04
ATE424971T1 (en) 2009-03-15
US20020002883A1 (en) 2002-01-10
EP1170093A3 (en) 2002-11-27
EP1170093A2 (en) 2002-01-09
TW495420B (en) 2002-07-21
KR20020005412A (en) 2002-01-17
MXPA01006629A (en) 2002-10-23
JP4785279B2 (en) 2011-10-05
JP2002059372A (en) 2002-02-26
DE50114752D1 (en) 2009-04-23
DE10032949A1 (en) 2002-01-17

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