EP1164237A1 - Mechanism for authorizing the movement of an actuation element by the setting of a changeable code - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanical code has a casing (26) mounted on the lock with a control handle. Stops (30) are guided in the casing, actuated by push buttons (16) which are accessible from the exterior. A code changing assembly has a cylinder lock to authorize code changing, and is accessible from the exterior at the side of the push buttons.

Description

The present invention relates to a change device code, intended for an authorization mechanism of the movement of a control member by composition of a coded. Such a control member is frequently used for the operation of a lock.

Authorization mechanisms for moving a lock handle generally have a body on which are arranged several pushers. A user, when wants to operate the handle, dial a code and, when the dialed code is valid, can turn the handle to operate the lock and open the corresponding door.

In all access systems determined by password pass or by code, it is necessary to change periodically the code, either because his knowledge has reached to unauthorized persons, either because persons having knowledge of the code are no longer allowed to have access to the protected room.

Certain known systems include devices coding electronics that allow easy change code if needed. However, they have several disadvantages. The most important is their installation complicated because there must be an electrical connection and a power supply. In the event of a this power supply, access to the protected door can be impossible. In addition, such an installation is expensive.

Certain known authorization mechanisms, lacking power supply and in particular used with locks, allow such a code change. However, this code change always requires some disassembly. These mechanisms must therefore be partially dismantled or completely from their support, to give access to minus an internal element that can be manipulated for the code change. In some cases, the code may be directly modified on the back of the mechanism which is normally applied against the door, and in other cases, it is necessary to open the mechanism to gain access to certain elements. Sometimes changing the code requires complete disassembly and exchange of internal parts.

US-A-5,058,404 relates to a mechanism in which code change is performed by access from the inner side of the door: it requires drilling the door to a specific location. This characteristic is extremely inconvenient, especially in the case of doors armored.

The object of the invention is to allow the change of code such mechanisms without any disassembly, simply access to elements directly accessible from the outside mechanism and access side to the pushers.

More specifically, the invention relates to a device and a code change process which, by simple operation of the control member (handle), pushers code composition and a directly accessible device code change authorization, allow to change the mechanism code from the outside, very quickly and very easily.

The invention thus relates to a device and a method code change that knowing code valid and the ability to control a device code change authorization is sufficient for the valid composition can be canceled and replaced by another composition freely chosen by simple pushing of the pushers. The authorization system and code change ban can be operated either by anyone who dialed the code in valid, only by certain people (for example having a particular key or code).

un corps destiné à être fixé au dispositif commandé par l'organe de commande, et

plusieurs dispositifs d'arrêt guidés dans le corps et manoeuvrés par l'intermédiaire de poussoirs mobiles par rapport au corps, les poussoirs constituant un second dispositif de manoeuvre accessible directement depuis l'extérieur du mécanisme, et

un dispositif de changement de code destiné à autoriser et interdire un changement de code et à permettre la saisie d'un nouveau code.

More specifically, the invention relates to a mechanism for authorizing the movement of a control member by composition of a code, the control member constituting a first operating element accessible directly from outside the mechanism, the mechanism being of the type which operates without any source of electrical energy and comprising:

a body intended to be fixed to the device controlled by the control member, and

several stop devices guided in the body and maneuvered by means of pushers movable relative to the body, the pushers constituting a second operating device accessible directly from the outside of the mechanism, and

a code change device intended to authorize and prohibit a code change and to allow the entry of a new code.

un dispositif d'autorisation et d'interdiction de changement de code, constituant un troisième dispositif de manoeuvre accessible directement depuis l'extérieur du mécanisme du côté d'accès aux poussoirs et destiné à autoriser ou à interdire le changement de code, sans démontage ni ouverture du mécanisme, et

un dispositif de composition d'un nouveau code qui comprend les poussoirs de manoeuvre des dispositifs d'arrêt qui constituent le second élément de manoeuvre.

According to the invention, the code changing device comprises:

a code change authorization and prohibition device, constituting a third operating device accessible directly from outside the mechanism on the side of access to the pushers and intended to authorize or prohibit the code change, without disassembly or opening of the mechanism, and

a device for composing a new code which comprises the operating pushers of the stop devices which constitute the second operating element.

le corps est destiné à guider un coulisseau dans un volume de déplacement du coulisseau et a des éléments de guidage de dispositifs d'arrêt qui recoupent chacun le volume de déplacement,

les dispositifs d'arrêt coopèrent chacun avec un élément de guidage du corps, chaque dispositif d'arrêt étant guidé par cet élément entre plusieurs positions, comprenant au moins une position de blocage dans laquelle une partie du dispositif d'arrêt se trouve dans le volume de déplacement, et une position de passage dans laquelle aucune partie du dispositif d'arrêt ne se trouve dans le volume de déplacement, l'une quelconque des positions de chaque dispositif d'arrêt étant une position de réarmement,

les poussoirs sont mobiles par rapport au corps afin que chaque poussoir manoeuvré déplace un dispositif d'arrêt correspondant dans un premier sens dans l'élément correspondant de guidage du corps, les poussoirs portant des signes différents apparaissant à l'extérieur du mécanisme afin que leur manoeuvre séquentielle corresponde à une suite de signes composant un code, et

le mécanisme d'autorisation comporte

un coulisseau guidé dans le volume de déplacement du coulisseau et ayant une première position de fermeture, dans laquelle les dispositifs d'arrêt peuvent être déplacés dans les éléments correspondants de guidage sans être gênés par le coulisseau, et une seconde position d'ouverture, qui n'est atteinte depuis la première position de fermeture que lorsque tous les dispositifs d'arrêt ont leur position de passage, si bien que le coulisseau peut se déplacer dans le volume de déplacement,

un dispositif de liaison destiné à transmettre le déplacement de l'organe de commande au coulisseau, si bien que, lorsque le coulisseau est dans sa première position de fermeture et une partie au moins d'un dispositif d'arrêt se trouve dans le volume de déplacement, le déplacement du coulisseau et, en conséquence, celui de l'organe de commande, sont empêchés,

un dispositif de réarmement destiné à ramener tous les dispositifs d'arrêt qui ne sont pas en position de réarmement à cette position de réarmement,

pour chacun de certains dispositifs d'arrêt au moins, un organe codeur verrouillable à deux positions au moins qui détermine, parmi les positions de ce dispositif d'arrêt, quelles sont les positions respectives de blocage et de passage, et

un organe de verrouillage ayant deux positions qui comprennent une position de verrouillage, dans laquelle tous les organes codeurs sont verrouillés par rapport au coulisseau, si bien que le coulisseau et les organes codeurs se déplacent comme un tout, et une position de libération, dans laquelle chaque organe codeur peut changer de position par rapport au coulisseau et peut ainsi changer la détermination des positions de blocage et de passage du dispositif d'arrêt correspondant à cet organe codeur, le dispositif d'autorisation et d'interdiction de changement de code ayant une position d'autorisation de changement de code, dans laquelle l'organe de verrouillage peut prendre sa position de libération, et une position d'interdiction de changement de code, dans laquelle l'organe de verrouillage est maintenu dans sa position de verrouillage par rapport au coulisseau,

si bien que, lorsque le dispositif d'autorisation de changement de code est dans sa position d'interdiction de changement de code, les organes codeurs et l'organe de verrouillage sont toujours en coopération lors de la manoeuvre du dispositif de commande, et, lorsque le dispositif d'autorisation de changement de code est dans sa position d'autorisation de changement de code, l'organe de verrouillage peut prendre une position dans laquelle il n'est pas en coopération avec les organes codeurs.

In one embodiment of the invention,

the body is intended to guide a slide in a displacement volume of the slide and has elements for guiding stop devices which each intersect the displacement volume,

the stop devices each cooperate with a body guide element, each stop device being guided by this element between several positions, comprising at least one locking position in which a part of the stop device is located in the volume movement, and a passage position in which no part of the stop device is in the movement volume, any of the positions of each stop device being a reset position,

the pushers are movable relative to the body so that each operated pushbutton displaces a corresponding stop device in a first direction in the corresponding element for guiding the body, the pushers carrying different signs appearing outside the mechanism so that their sequential operation corresponds to a series of signs composing a code, and

the authorization mechanism includes

a slide guided in the displacement volume of the slide and having a first closed position, in which the stop devices can be moved in the corresponding guide elements without being hindered by the slide, and a second open position, which is only reached from the first closed position when all the stop devices have their passage position, so that the slide can move in the displacement volume,

a connecting device intended to transmit the displacement of the control member to the slide, so that, when the slide is in its first closed position and at least part of a stop device is located in the volume of displacement, the displacement of the slide and, consequently, that of the control member, are prevented,

a reset device intended to return all the stop devices which are not in the reset position to this reset position,

for each of at least certain stop devices, a codable locking member with at least two positions which determines, among the positions of this stop device, which are the respective blocking and passage positions, and

a locking member having two positions which include a locking position, in which all the encoding members are locked relative to the slide, so that the slide and the encoding members move as a whole, and a release position, in which each coding member can change position relative to the slide and can thus change the determination of the blocking and passage positions of the stop device corresponding to this coding member, the code change authorization and prohibition device having a code change authorization position, in which the locking member can take its release position, and a code change prohibition position, in which the locking member is held in its locking position relative to slide,

so that, when the code change authorization device is in its code change prohibition position, the coding members and the locking member are always in cooperation during the operation of the control device, and, when the code change authorization device is in its code change authorization position, the locking member can take a position in which it is not in cooperation with the coding members.

In one embodiment, the displacement of the organ locking with respect to the slide is ensured by the operation of the control member over part of its race, through the linkage device.

In another embodiment, the displacement of the locking member with respect to the slide is ensured by the operation of the change authorization body of code.

In another embodiment, in the prohibited position code change, the travel stroke of the control member comprises a part in which the control member moves the slide, and part of resetting without moving the slide.

Preferably, a stop member and an encoder member associated have one a projection and the other a groove.

In one embodiment of the mechanism, the volume of displacement is an elongated space of displacement in translation, and the connecting device transforms the displacement in rotation of the control member in a displacement in translation of the slide. Preferably, the locking member is movable parallel to the axis of movement of the slide, and it has discontinuities along its length giving it a rack shape. In an example embodiment, each guide element has a hole formed in the guide body.

In one embodiment, the coding member is a cam in two positions in one of which a projection or a groove of the coding organ is opposite a groove or a projection respectively of the corresponding device when, in any other position, there is no no correspondence between the projection and the throat. Of preferably, the encoder member is then a movable cam in rotation about an axis parallel to the axis of movement of the slide. For example, the coding member is a cam having at least two parts of cooperation with the body of locking.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the code change authorization system is a key lock.

In a variant, the authorization device for code change is another authorization mechanism for movement by dialing a code.

In another variant, the authorization mechanism movement of a control member includes a device vested benefits.

It is advantageous that the mechanism additionally includes a device for holding each stop device in a position other than its reset position. For example, resetting can be carried out at the end of the organ's travel in one of the directions of travel, and one of the blocking and passage positions of each device stop may be a reset position.

In an example application, moving the control member is a control rotation of lock.

la composition d'une combinaison choisie de signes formant un code par manoeuvre de poussoirs directement accessibles et portant des signes différents apparaissant à l'extérieur du mécanisme, les poussoirs déplaçant chacun un dispositif d'arrêt ayant au moins une position de blocage et une position de passage, ces positions étant déterminées, pour chaque dispositif d'arrêt, par un organe codeur porté par un coulisseau, et

la tentative de manoeuvre de l'organe de commande qui provoque l'application d'une force de déplacement au coulisseau dont le déplacement est autorisé lorsque tous les dispositifs d'arrêt sont en position de passage mais est interdit lorsque l'un au moins des dispositifs d'arrêt est en position de blocage.

The invention also relates to a method for changing the code of a mechanism for authorizing a movement of a control member by dialing a code, the control member being directly accessible, in which a control operation of the authorization mechanism includes:

the composition of a selected combination of signs forming a code by operation of directly accessible pushers and carrying different signs appearing outside the mechanism, the pushers each moving a stop device having at least one locking position and one position passing, these positions being determined, for each stop device, by an encoder member carried by a slide, and

the attempt to maneuver the control member which causes the application of a displacement force to the slide, the displacement of which is authorized when all the stop devices are in the passage position but is prohibited when at least one of the stop devices is in the locked position.

l'incorporation d'un dispositif d'autorisation et d'interdiction de changement de code au mécanisme d'autorisation d'un déplacement d'un organe de commande, le dispositif d'autorisation et d'interdiction de changement de code étant directement accessible sans aucun démontage, et,

à chaque opération de changement de code,

dans une première phase,

la composition de la combinaison choisie de signes formant un code en cours de validité,

la manoeuvre du dispositif d'autorisation et d'interdiction de changement de code vers une position d'autorisation de changement de code, et

la manoeuvre dans un premier sens du dispositif de commande,

ces opérations de manoeuvre provoquant d'une part la libération et le déplacement d'un organe de verrouillage normalement solidarisé avec le coulisseau, et d'autre part le réarmement de tous les dispositifs d'arrêt et de tous les organes codeurs à une même position par rapport au mécanisme,

puis, dans une seconde phase,

la composition d'un nouveau code,

la manoeuvre dans le second sens de l'organe de commande qui déplace le coulisseau, et

la manoeuvre du dispositif d'autorisation et d'interdiction de changement de code, directement accessible sans aucun démontage, vers une position d'interdiction de changement de code,

tous les éléments manoeuvrés étant directement accessibles et ne nécessitant aucun démontage pour le changement de code.

According to the invention, the method for changing the code of the authorization mechanism comprises:

incorporating a code change authorization and prohibition device into the authorization mechanism for moving a control member, the code change authorization and prohibition device being directly accessible without any disassembly, and,

at each code change operation,

in a first phase,

the composition of the chosen combination of signs forming a valid code,

the operation of the code change authorization and prohibition device towards a code change authorization position, and

the operation in a first direction of the control device,

these maneuvering operations causing on the one hand the release and the displacement of a locking member normally secured to the slide, and on the other hand the resetting of all the stop devices and of all the encoding members in the same position with respect to the mechanism,

then, in a second phase,

the composition of a new code,

the operation in the second direction of the control member which moves the slide, and

the operation of the code change authorization and prohibition device, directly accessible without any disassembly, to a code change prohibition position,

all the elements operated being directly accessible and requiring no dismantling for code change.

Preferably, in each of the first and second phases, the composition and maneuvering operations are performed in a single order which depends on the achievement material of the specific movement authorization mechanism a control member.

la figure 1 est une vue en élévation frontale représentant une serrure associée à un mécanisme d'autorisation du déplacement de la poignée de la serrure, et d'un dispositif de changement de code selon l'invention ;

la figure 2 est une coupe transversale de la serrure de la figure 1, par un plan passant par deux poussoirs ;

la figure 3 est une vue en élévation latérale d'un organe de verrouillage de la serrure représentée sur la figure 2 ; et

la figure 4 représente sous forme agrandie et en coupe partielle la partie supérieure de la serrure représentée sur la figure 1.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows of exemplary embodiments, made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing a lock associated with a mechanism for authorizing the movement of the handle of the lock, and a code changing device according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a cross section of the lock of Figure 1, by a plane passing through two pushers;

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of a locking member of the lock shown in Figure 2; and

FIG. 4 represents in enlarged form and in partial section the upper part of the lock shown in FIG. 1.

Figure 1 shows, in front elevation, a lock according to the invention. This lock 10 is operated by a handle 12. It includes an authorization mechanism displacement of the handle, marked with the reference 14, this mechanism comprising pushers 16 which allow the composition of a code.

Two pushers 18 placed at the top of the lock allow the mechanism to be put in the free position passage and tilting to the position prohibiting free passage. The function of these pushers 18 is, when the valid code was dialed with pushers 16, to make the authorization device inoperative so that the handle 12 always opens the lock. Such a characteristic, which is not described further in detail in this brief as it is well known to in general, allows for example to determine periods during which access to a room is free and periods during which this access is limited to people who know the code.

Another pusher 17 is intended to cause the ascent of all stop devices, for example when user made a mistake in ordering the code.

In FIG. 1, the reference 22 designates a lock with barrel, part of the lock controlled by the mechanism according to the invention.

Authorization mechanisms for moving a handle usually have a slide operated in translation during the operation of the handle 12 by a connecting member, when stop devices moved by the pushers have suitable positions.

In known mechanisms, a slide and devices stop, each controlled by a pusher, include cooperating organs, one of which is shaped like a groove and the other the shape of a projection, such as, if all protrusions and all the grooves of all the devices are not opposite, the slider cannot be moved against the stop devices if although the operation of a handle is prohibited. The mechanism according to the invention has characteristics analogous, but refined to allow change of code.

We now describe more precisely this type of displacement in the case of the authorization mechanism of displacement of a control member represented by the section in Figure 2.

Figure 2 shows in section a cover 24 which surrounds the mechanism and guides the pushers 16. The cover, advantageously formed of a robust and molded metal, has walls side and top which protect the internal mechanism, and upper holes each intended for passage a button 16.

Inside the cover 24, a body 26 of the mechanism is secured to the cover and is intended to be fixed on the support of the controlled element, for example a door provided a lock. This body 26 delimits, opposite each pusher, a circular hole 28 in which can move in translation a stop device 30. The device stop 30 is intended to be held in two positions stable, a raised position shown to the left of the Figure 2 and a depressed position shown to the right of the Figure 2. The stop device 30 comprises a part enlarged frustoconical 32 whose upper part can hang on an orifice edge 34 of a plate of reset 35 which, when moved, allows return of all inserted stop devices to their up position. Each stop device is recalled towards the position raised by a spring 36. We do not describe not this stopper retainer in one from two different positions because it is well known in the technique and only one embodiment has been shown, of many other achievements are possible.

Note in Figure 2 that each stop device has a groove 38. This groove 38, which has the same position on each stop device, so has a height different depending on whether the stop device is in position high or up (left in Figure 2) or low or pressed (on the right in Figure 2). The Principe of fonctionment of the mechanism is such that each device stop does not prevent sliding (perpendicular direction in the plane of FIG. 2) of a slide when protrusions of this slide are at the level of the notch of the stop device, but prevents sliding when a projection of the slide is not opposite the notch.

The slide carries several organs. He understands first, coding members 40 with cam, on the basis of a member by stop device. Each encoder 40, which can rotate in this embodiment around an axis parallel to the axis of movement of the slide, has a projection 42 of shape complementary to that of the throat of the stop device. The organ also includes two notches neighbors 44, one of which is intended to be in taken with an edge of a locking member 46 normally secured to the slide. The latter includes several other parts, including a plate 48.

During normal operation, after the valid code was composed with the pushers, i.e. when some stop devices are in the up position and others in the low position, the operation of the handle causes a displacement in translation of the slide, forming a whole which moves as a whole and which comprises the plate 48 which carries the coding members 40, of which positioning is determined by the locking member 46, this locking member 46, and the axis of rotation of the coding organs.

The mobile assembly (slide) therefore forms an assembly which has laterally protrusions 42 on two levels different, and which can only be moved in translation when each projection 42 is opposite a groove 38 of the corresponding stop device. Well heard, the slide stroke is less than the distance longitudinal separating two neighboring pushers, and, when the handle is in the rest state, each projection 42 is adjacent to the corresponding stop device in the direction of movement of the slide and does not penetrate in the throat of the stopper, so that the operation of the stop device in one direction or the other is possible. The projection 42 does not cooperate with the groove corresponding 38 that when the slide has advanced, and this only when the slide has advanced sufficiently allows the opening of the lock.

According to the classical technique, the code change of the authorization mechanism shown in Figure 2 would produced by removing the cover 24, by access to the lock 46 so that it can be removed or moved, for example modification of the position of each coding member 40 in function of the new code desired, then by reinserting the locking member 46. It would therefore be necessary to disassemble the lock. In the particular case considered, it would have to dismantle the door lock before you can remove the cover from the mechanism body.

The invention relates to a method and a device. allowing code change without any disassembly. More specifically, according to the invention, an authorization device and a code change ban allows for unbinding of the locking member 46 of the slide, so that it can slide over a limited distance such that the rib of this locking member leaves the notches of the coding organs, while the projections of the encoders are engaged with the grooves of the devices stop. In this way, when the locking member 46 released all coding bodies, stop devices, which have been brought back for example to the position raised by a reset device, i.e. at the position corresponding to the left part of the Figure 2, are pressed by the pushers 16 along a new combination and position the coding organs corresponding to the new composition, before the organ lock 46 does come back lock the organs encoders 40, by entering its rib into that of the notches which has been aligned by the corresponding stop device. For this purpose, the locking member should have a rack shape, as shown in Figure 3. In Figure 3, we note that the rib of the locking 46 has locking teeth 50 (rightly a tooth for two neighboring coding organs in the case considered) which are only present on the parts corresponding to the travel of the coding members during the normal running. Between these teeth 50, spaces 52 are placed opposite the notches 44 of the coding members in the code change authorization position.

Thus, according to the invention, the locking member is normally moves with the slide, as a whole, but, in the code change authorization position, the locking member is offset longitudinally and releases all coding organs whose code can then be exchange.

Figure 4 shows the upper part of the mechanism of figure 1 which represents the elements which allow either to secure the organ of lock and slide, or their separation.

In FIG. 4, it is noted that the reference 48 designates the slide plate which is moved by the binding and handle. Reference 46 designates the extension of the locking member. Reference 20 designates the barrel lock which constitutes the authorization device and prohibition of code change. This barrel controls a bit 56 which, in the authorization position code, at the position shown in figure 4, in which it retains the end of the locking member 46. Thus, the locking member, which is normally driven with the slide plate 48 due to the presence of the spring 54, is then retained by the bit 56 so that it slides in relation to slide 48. From in this way, the teeth 50 of the locking member are separate notches from the coding members 40 which are driven by the slide plate 48. At the end of the race of the slide, the rearming plate 35 is operated, if although all of the stop devices 30 go back into their pusher and, simultaneously, the coding members 40, which are released from the teeth 50, are recalled by springs incorporated into each encoder, in the position in which the projections 42 have risen. As soon as the rearming plate 35 is reset, the operator can press the pushers 16 corresponding to the new combination, then release the handle which then slides the rib 46 of the locking member in the notches of the members coders. Just rotate the bit 56 of the latch so that the lock can work with the new code.

We have described a particular example of a lock provided a mechanism for authorizing the movement of a handle having a code change device controlled by an authorization and prohibition system consisting a barrel lock. Of course, it is only about one of the many possible embodiments. So, although a device has been described in which a slide moves in translation at two rows of stop devices, it is possible to have a different number of rows, and for example, to have a single row in a circle. In this case, the slide constitutes a rotary member driven in rotation by the handle, and the stops and pushers are arranged in total or partial circle around a common axis of rotation.

A system has been described in which the coding organs and the stop devices can have two positions. he in no way a limitation, because we can realize mechanisms in which the stop devices have several positions. The number of combinations increases then considerably.

An authorization and prohibition device has been described code change including a barrel lock, that is to say controlled by a key. This device can be of any type. We can for example consider using a another authorization mechanism by code composition, or on the contrary a simple pusher or other organ which allows then to anyone who knows the valid code to modify then this code. The essential characteristic of the invention is that when a locking member has unlocked the encoders, these can be placed in position corresponding to a new desired code, before new locking, by operation of devices directly accessible from outside the mechanism, without no disassembly or tools, and without the use of a source any electricity.

Preferably, the mechanism according to the invention can be mounted on any lock, without modification of the strike or sleeping from the door nor from the lock, and having a low width to be able to be mounted on a glass door with narrow frame.

Although the invention has been described in its application when controlling a lock allowing the opening of a door, for example from an office door, it has other applications and suitable for controlling access to premises in general.

Although mobile encoders have been described in rotating and cooperating with movable stop devices in translation, these elements can be moved separately in translation or in rotation, as long as it gives the at least two different positions of cooperation.

All the elements of the mechanism can be metallic, but those skilled in the art know that certain elements, for example complex in shape or not requiring great robustness, can be made up of other materials, for example plastic.

The mechanism according to the invention optionally gives the vested benefits function, previously described with reference to the pushers 16. In the second embodiment, this function can be obtained by using a device which prevents the slide from describing the second part of its race (reset). This device can simply include a projection and a clearance, respectively placed on the body or cover and on the slide and intended for cooperate to limit the slide stroke to its first part.

An advantageous characteristic of the mechanism according to the invention, when used with a lock, is that it can be reversible, that is to say that it can be controlled by a handle (control member) rotating either right or left.

It is understood that the invention has not been described and shown only as a preferred example and that may provide any technical equivalence in its elements constitutive without departing from its framework.

Claims (10)

Mechanism for authorizing the movement of a control member by dialing a code, the control member (12) constituting a first operating element accessible directly from outside the mechanism, the mechanism being of the type which operates without no source of electrical energy and which includes: a body (26) intended to be fixed to the device controlled by the control member (12), and several stop devices (30) guided in the body (26) and operated by pushers (16) movable relative to the body (26), the pushers (16) constituting a second operating device accessible directly from the outside the mechanism, and a code change device intended to authorize and prohibit a code change and to allow the entry of a new code, the mechanism being characterized in that :
the code change device includes: a code change authorization and prohibition device (20) constituting a third operating device accessible directly from outside the mechanism on the side of access to the pushers and intended to authorize or prohibit the code change, without dismantling or opening the mechanism, and a device for composing a new code which comprises the pushers (16) for operating the stop devices (30), these pushers constituting the second operating element. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that : the body (26) is intended to guide a slide (48) in a displacement volume of the slide (48) and has stop device guide elements which each intersect the displacement volume, the stop devices (30) each cooperate with a body guide element (26), each stop device (30) being guided by this element between several positions, comprising at least one locking position in which part of the stop device (30) is in the movement volume, and a passage position in which no part of the stop device (30) is in the movement volume, any of the positions of each stop being a reset position, the pushers (16) are movable relative to the body (26) so that each operated pushbutton moves a stop device (30) corresponding in a first direction in the corresponding element for guiding the body (26), the pushers (16 ) bearing different signs appearing outside the mechanism so that their sequential operation corresponds to a series of signs making up a code, and the mechanism includes a slide (48) guided in the displacement volume of the slide and having a first closed position, in which the stop devices (30) can be moved in the corresponding guide elements without being hampered by the slide (48), and a second open position, which is reached from the first closed position only when all the stop devices (30) have their passage position, so that the slide (48) can move in the volume of displacement, a connecting device intended to transmit the displacement of the control member (12) to the slide (48), so that, when the slide (48) is in its first closed position and at least part of a device stop (30) is in the displacement volume, the displacement of the slide (48) and, consequently, that of the control member (12), are prevented, a reset device intended to return all the stop devices (30) which are not in the reset position to this reset position, for each of at least certain stop devices (30), a coding member (40) lockable at at least two positions which determines, among the positions of this stop device (30), which are the respective locking positions and passing through, and a locking member (46) having two positions which include a locking position, in which all of the encoder members (40) are locked relative to the slider (48), so that the slider (48) and the encoder members (40 ) move as a whole, and a release position, in which each coding member (40) can change position relative to the slide (48) and can thus change the determination of the locking and passage positions of the stop device (30) corresponding to this coding member (40), the code change authorization and prohibition device (20) having a code change authorization position, in which the locking member (46) can take its release position, and a code change prohibition position, in which the locking member (46) is held in its locking position relative to the slide (48), so that when the code change authorization and prohibition device (20) is in its code change prohibition position, the coding members (40) and the locking member (46) are always in cooperation during the operation of the control device, and, when the device (20) for authorizing and prohibiting code change is in its position for authorizing code change, the locking member (46) can take a position in which it is not in cooperation with the coding members (40). Mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the movement of the locking member (46) relative to the slide (48) is ensured by the operation of the control member (12) over part of its travel. Mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the movement of the locking member (46) relative to the slide (48) is ensured by the operation of the device (20) for authorization and prohibition of code change. Mechanism according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a stop device (30) and a corresponding coding member (40) have one with a projection and the other with a groove. Mechanism according to any one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the displacement volume is an elongated space for displacement in translation, and the connecting device transforms the rotational displacement of the control member (12) into a translational movement of the slide (48). Mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking member (46) is movable parallel to the axis of movement of the slide (48), and it has discontinuities along its length giving it a rack shape. Mechanism according to any one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that , in the code change prohibition position, the movement of movement of the control member (12) comprises a part in which the control member (12) moves the slide (48), and a resetting part without translational movement of the slide (48). Method for changing the code of a mechanism for authorizing a movement of a control member (12) by dialing a code, the control member (12) being directly accessible, in which a control operation of the authorization mechanism includes: the composition of a selected combination of signs forming a code by operating pushers (16) directly accessible and carrying different signs appearing outside the mechanism, the pushers (16) each moving a stop device (30) having at least one blocking position and one passage position, these positions being determined, for each stop device (30), by an encoder member (40) carried by a slide (48), and the attempt to operate the control member (12) which causes the application of a displacement force to the slide (48) whose displacement is authorized when all the stop devices (30) are in the passage position but is prohibited when at least one of the stop devices (30) is in the locked position, the method for changing the code of the authorization mechanism being characterized in that it comprises: the incorporation of a device (20) for authorizing and prohibiting change of code in the mechanism for authorizing a movement of a control member (12), the device (20) for authorizing and d 'prohibition of code change being directly accessible without any disassembly, and, at each code change operation, in a first phase, the composition of the chosen combination of signs forming a valid code, operating the code change authorization and prohibition device (20) to a code change authorization position, and the operation in a first direction of the control device, these maneuvering operations causing on the one hand the release and the displacement of a locking member (46) normally secured to the slide (48), and on the other hand the resetting of all the stop devices (30) and of all the coding members (40) at the same position relative to the mechanism, then, in a second phase, the composition of a new code, the operation in the second direction of the control member (12) which moves the slide (48), and the operation of the device (20) for authorization and prohibition of code change, directly accessible without any disassembly, to a position of prohibition of code change, all the elements operated being directly accessible and requiring no dismantling for code change. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that , in each of the first and second phases, the composition and maneuvering operations are carried out in a single order which depends on the material implementation of the particular mechanism for authorizing the movement of an organ control (12).

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