FR2810421A1 - AUTHORIZATION MECHANISM FOR THE MOVEMENT OF A CONTROL BODY BY COMPOSING A MODIFIABLE CODE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a code mechanism and to a mechanism that includes a body (26) attached to a device controlled by a control member accessible directly from outside the mechanism, and a plurality of guided stop devices (30). in the body (26), operated by pushers (16) movable relative to the body (26) and accessible directly from outside the mechanism, and a code change device intended to authorize or prohibit a change of code and to allow entry of a new code. This code change device comprises a device (20) for authorizing and prohibiting a code change which is accessible directly from the outside, and a device for entering a new code which comprises the push buttons (16). Application to locks.

Description

The present invention relates to a changing device

  code storage, intended for a mechanism for authorizing the movement of a control member by composition of a code. Such a control member is frequently used for the operation of a lock. The mechanisms for authorizing the movement of a handle of a lock generally comprise a body on which several pushers are arranged. A user, when he wants to operate the handle, dials a code and, when the code entered is valid, can turn the handle

  to operate the lock and open the corresponding door

  laying. In all access systems determined by password

  password or by code, it is necessary to change periodi-

  only the code, either because its knowledge has reached unauthorized persons, or because persons having knowledge of the code are no longer authorized to

have access to the protected room.

  Some known systems include electronic coding devices which allow easy change

  code if needed. However, they present more

  several disadvantages. The most important thing is that their installation is complicated because there must be an electrical connection and an electrical supply. Access to the protected door may be impossible in the event of a power supply failure. In addition, such an installation is expensive. Certain known authorization mechanisms, devoid of electrical supply and in particular used with locks, allow such a code change. However,

  this code change always requires disassembly some-

  conch. These mechanisms must therefore be dismantled partially-

  lement or totally of their support, to give access to at least one internal element which can be operated for code change. In some cases, the code can be changed directly on the back of the mechanism which is normally applied against the door, and in other cases, it is necessary to open the mechanism to gain access to certain elements. Sometimes changing the code requires

  complete disassembly and exchange of internal parts.

  The object of the invention is to allow the code change of such mechanisms without any dismantling, by simple access to elements directly accessible from the outside.

laughing mechanism.

  More specifically, the invention relates to a code change device and method which, by simple operation of the control member (handle), pushers

  code composition and a directly accessed device

  code change authorization, allow to change the mechanism code from the outside, very

quickly and very easily.

  The invention thus relates to a code change device and method according to which knowledge of the valid code and the ability to control a code change authorization device is sufficient for the valid composition to be canceled and replaced by another composition freely chosen by

  simple pushing of the pushers. The authorization system

  Code change ban can be operated either by anyone who has entered the valid code, or only by certain people

  (for example having a particular key or code).

  More specifically, the invention relates to a mechanism for authorizing the movement of a control member by composition of a code, the control member constituting a first operating element accessible directly from outside the mechanism, the mechanism being of the type which operates without any source of electrical energy and comprising: a body intended to be fixed to the device controlled by the control member, and several stop devices guided in the body and operated by movable pushers by relative to the body, the pushers constituting a second operating device accessible directly from outside the mechanism, and a code change device intended to authorize and prohibit a code change and to allow entry

of a new code.

  According to the invention, the code changing device comprises:

  a system of authorization and prohibition of change

  code code, constituting a third device for

  maneuver accessible directly from outside the mechanic

  nism and intended to authorize or prohibit the change of code, without dismantling or opening the mechanism, and a device for composing a new code which includes the operating pushers of the stop devices

  which constitute the second operating element.

  In one embodiment of the invention, the body is intended to guide a slider in a displacement volume of the slider and has elements for guiding stop devices which each intersect the displacement volume,

  the stop devices each cooperate with an element

  body guide ment, each stop device being guided by this element between several positions, comprising at least one blocking position in which a part of the stop device is in the displacement volume, and a passage position in which no part of

  stop device is only in the displacement volume

  cement, any of the positions of each stop device being a reset position, the pushers are movable relative to the body so that each operated pushbutton moves a stop device

  corresponding in a first direction in the corresponding element

  dant for guiding the body, the pushers bearing different signs appearing outside the mechanism so that their sequential operation corresponds to a series of signs making up a code, and the authorization mechanism comprises a slide guided in the movement volume of the slide and having a first closed position, in which the stop devices can be moved in the corresponding guide elements without being hindered by the slide, and a second open position, which is not reached from the first position closing only when all the stop devices have their passage position, so that the slide can move in the displacement volume, a connecting device intended to transmit the movement of the control member to the slide, so that , when the slide is in its first closed position and at least part of a stop device is

  found in the displacement volume, the displacement of the

  rod and, consequently, that of the control member, are prevented, a reset device intended to bring all the stop devices which are not in the reset position to this reset position, for each of certain reset devices. '' stop at least, a codable locking member with at least two positions which determines, among the positions of this stop device, which are the respective locking and passage positions, and a locking member having two positions which include a position lock, in which all

  the encoder members are locked relative to the slide

  bucket, so that the slide and the encoder members move as a whole, and a release position, in which each encoder member can change position relative to the slide and can thus change the determination of the locking and passage positions of the stop device

  corresponding to this coding organ, the authorization device

  code change prohibition and position having a code change authorization position, in which

  the locking member can take its release position

  tion, and a code change prohibition position, in which the locking member is held in its locking position relative to the slide, so that when the code change authorization device is in its position prohibition of

  code change, the coding bodies and the ver-

  rusting are always in cooperation during the operation of the control device, and, when the code change authorization device is in its code change authorization position, the locking member can take a position in which he is not in

  cooperation with coding bodies.

  In one embodiment, the displacement of the locking member with respect to the slide is ensured by the operation of the control member over part of its

  race, through the linkage device.

  In another embodiment, the movement of the locking member relative to the slide is

  ensured by the operation of the change authorization body

code code.

  In another embodiment, in the position of inter-

  code change diction, the movement of movement of the control member comprises a part in which the control member moves the slide, and a part of

  resetting without moving the slide.

  Preferably, a stop member and a corresponding encoder member one have a projection and the other a groove. In one embodiment of the mechanism, the volume of

  displacement is an elongated translational displacement space

  tion, and the connecting device transforms the rotational movement of the control member into a displacement in

  translation of the slide. Preferably, the ver-

  rusting is movable parallel to the axis of movement of the

  slide, and it has discontinuities on its length

  cheer giving it a rack shape. In an exemplary embodiment, each guide element has a hole

formed in the guide body.

  In one embodiment, the coding member is a cam with two positions in one of which a projection or a groove of the coding member is opposite a groove or a projection respectively of the corresponding stop device , whereas, in any other position, there is no correspondence between the projection and the groove. Preferably, the coding member is then a cam movable in rotation about an axis parallel to the axis of movement of the slide. For example, the encoder member is a cam having at least two parts for cooperation with the locking member.

  In a particularly advantageous embodiment

  geux, the code change authorization system is

a key lock.

  Alternatively, the code change authorization device is another authorization mechanism for

  movement by dialing a code.

  In another variant, the authorization mechanism

  movement of a control member includes a provision

vested benefits.

  It is advantageous that the mechanism additionally comprises a device for holding each stop device in a position other than its reset position. For example, resetting can be carried out at the end of the travel of the control member, in one of the directions of movement, and one of the blocking and passage positions of each device.

  stop may be a reset position.

  In an example of application, the displacement of the control member is a control rotation of

lock.

  The invention also relates to a method for changing the code of a mechanism for authorizing a movement of a control member by dialing a code, the control member being directly accessible, in which a control operation of the authorization mechanism comprises: the composition of a chosen combination of signs forming a code by operating directly accessible pushers and bearing different signs appearing outside the mechanism, the pushers each moving a stop device having at least a blocking position and a passage position, these positions being determined, for each stop device, by an encoder member carried by a slide, and the attempt to operate the control member which

  causes a displacement force to be applied to the slide

  bucket whose movement is authorized when all the stop devices are in the passage position but is prohibited when at least one of the stop devices is

in the locked position.

  According to the invention, the method for changing the code of the authorization mechanism comprises: the incorporation of an authorization device and

  prohibition of code change to the auto mechanism

  risation of a movement of a control member, the provision

  The authorization and prohibition code change sign being directly accessible without any dismantling, and, at each code change operation, in a first phase, the composition of the chosen combination of signs forming a valid code, the operation of the code change authorization and prohibition device to a code change authorization position, and the operation in a first direction of the control device, these maneuvering operations causing on the one hand the release and the displacement of a locking member normally secured to the slide, and on the other hand the resetting of all the stop devices and of all the coding members to the same position relative to the mechanism, then, in a second phase, the composition of a new code, the operation in the second direction of the control member which moves the slide, and the operation of the authorization and prohibition device for chan code code, directly accessible without any disassembly, to a position where the code cannot be changed,

  all the elements operated being directly accessible

  sibles and not requiring any disassembly for the change

of code.

  Preferably, in each of the first and second phases, the operations of composition and maneuver are carried out in a single order which depends on the realization

  material of the special authorization mechanism for travel

cement of a control member.

  Other characteristics and advantages of the invention

  will be better understood on reading the description which will

  follow example embodiments, made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

  Figure i is a front elevational view shown

  feeling a lock associated with a mechanism for authorizing the movement of the handle of the lock, and of a code changing device according to the invention; Figure 2 is a cross section of the lock of Figure 1, by a plane passing through two pushers; Figure 3 is a side elevational view of a locking member of the lock shown in Figure 2; and Figure 4 shows in enlarged form and in partial section the upper part of the lock shown on

Figure 1.

  Figure 1 shows, in front elevation, a lock according to the invention. This lock 10 is operated

  by a handle 12. It includes a self-mechanism

  risation of the movement of the handle, bearing the reference 14, this mechanism comprising pushers 16 which allow

the composition of a code.

  Two pushers 18 placed at the top of the lock allow the mechanism to be put in the free passage position and tilting to the position preventing free passage. The function of these pushers 18 is, when the valid code was composed with the pushers

  16, to allow the self-operating device to be rendered inoperative

  rization so that the handle 12 always opens the lock.

  Such a characteristic, which is not described in more detail in the present specification because it is well known in general, allows for example to determine periods during which access to a room is free and periods during which this access is limited to people who know the code.

  Another pusher 17 is intended to cause the winding up.

  all stop devices, for example when a

  user made a mistake in ordering the code.

  In FIG. 1, the reference 22 designates a barrel lock, forming part of the lock controlled by the

mechanism according to the invention.

  The mechanisms for authorizing the movement of a handle usually comprise a slide operated in translation during the operation of the handle 12 by

  through a liaison body, when

  stop tents moved by the pushers have suitable positions.

  In known mechanisms, a slider and devices

  stop devices, each controlled by a pusher, comprise cooperating members, one having the shape of a groove and the other the shape of a projection, such that, if all the projections and all the grooves of all the stop devices are not facing each other, the slide cannot be moved by abutment against the stop devices so that the operation of a handle is prohibited. The mechanism according to the invention has similar characteristics, but improved to allow a change

of code.

  This type of movement is now described more precisely in the case of the mechanism for authorizing the movement of a control member represented by the section

in Figure 2.

  Figure 2 shows in section a cover 24 which surrounds

  the mechanism and guides the pushers 16. The cover, before-

  genuinely formed of a molded and robust metal, has walls

  side and top which protect the internal mechanism

  laughing, and upper holes each intended for passage

a button 16.

  Inside the cover 24, a body 26 of the mechanism is made integral with the cover and is intended to be fixed on the support of the controlled element, for example a door provided with a lock. This body 26 delimits, opposite each pusher, a circular hole 28 in which a stop device 30 can move in translation. The stop device 30 is intended to be held in two stable positions, a raised position shown at left of FIG. 2 and a depressed position represented on the right of FIG. 2. The stop device 30 comprises an enlarged frustoconical part 32 the upper part of which can be hooked on an orifice edge 34 of a reset plate 35 which, when moved, allows the return of all of the inserted stop devices to their raised position. Each stop device is returned to the raised position by a spring 36. This mechanism for retaining the stop device in one of two different positions is not described, because it is well known in the art and we do not has shown that an embodiment of

  many other achievements are possible.

  It is noted in FIG. 2 that each stop device has a groove 38. This groove 38, which has the same position on each stop device, therefore has a different height depending on whether the stop device is in the high position or ascent (left in Figure 2) or low or

  pressed (on the right in Figure 2). The principle of function

  operation of the mechanism is such that each device

  does not prevent sliding (in perpetual direction

  dicular to the plane of FIG. 2) of a slider when the projections of this slider are at the level of

  the notch in the stopper, but prevents it from sliding

  ment when a projection of the slide is not opposite the notch. The slide carries several organs. It first comprises coding members 40 with cam, at the rate of one member per stop device. Each encoder member 40, which can rotate in this embodiment about an axis parallel to the axis of movement of the slide, has a projection 42 of shape complementary to that of the groove of the stop device. The member also includes two neighboring notches 44, one of which is intended to be in

  taken with an edge of a locking member 46 normal-

  firmly attached to the slide. The latter includes more

  other parts, including a plate 48.

  During normal operation, after the valid code has been dialed with the push buttons, i.e. when certain stop devices are in the high position and others in the low position, the operation of the handle causes a displacement in translation of the slide, forming an assembly which moves as a whole and which comprises the plate 48 which carries the coding members 40, the positioning of which is determined by the locking member 46, this locking member 46, and the axis of rotation

coding organs.

  The movable assembly (slide) therefore forms an assembly which has laterally projections 42 at two different levels, and which can only be moved in translation when each projection 42 is in front of a corresponding groove 38 of the stop device. corresponding. Well

  heard, the slide stroke is less than the dis-

  longitudinal tance separating two neighboring pushers, and, when the handle is in the rest state, each projection 42 is adjacent to the corresponding stop device in the direction of movement of the slide and does not enter the groove of the stop device , so that it is possible to operate the stop device in one direction or the other. The projection 42 only cooperates with the corresponding groove 38 when the slide has advanced, and it is only when the slide has advanced sufficiently that it

allows the opening of the lock.

  According to the conventional technique, the code change of the authorization mechanism shown in Figure 2 would be achieved by removing the cover 24, by access to the locking member 46 so that it is removed or moved, by changing the position of each encoder member 40 as a function of the new code desired, then by reinsertion of the locking member 46. It would therefore be necessary to disassemble the lock. In the particular case considered, the door lock should be removed before being able to

  remove the cover from the mechanism body.

  The invention relates to a method and a device for changing the code without any disassembly. More specifically, according to the invention, an authorization device

  and prohibition of code change allows desoli-

  darisation of the locking member 46 of the slide, so that it can slide over a limited distance such that the rib of this locking member leaves the notches of the coding members, while the projections of the

  encoder bodies are engaged with the grooves of the

  stop devices. In this way, when the organ of ver-

  rust 46 released all the encoders, stop devices, which were brought back for example to the

  position raised by a reset device, i.e.

  say at the position corresponding to the left part of FIG. 2, are pushed in by the pushers 16 according to a new combination and position the coding members corresponding to the new composition, before the locking member 46 returns to lock the encoding members 40 , by entering its rib into that of the notches

  which has been aligned by the corresponding stop device.

  For this purpose, the locking member should have

  a rack shape, as shown in Figure 3.

  In FIG. 3, it is noted that the rib of the locking member 46 has locking teeth 50 (at the rate of one tooth for two neighboring coding members in the case considered) which are only present on the parts corresponding to the stroke of the encoder members during normal operation. Between these teeth 50, spaces 52 are placed opposite the notches 44 of the coding members in

  the code change authorization position.

  Thus, according to the invention, the locking member moves normally with the slide, as a whole, but, in the code change authorization position, the locking member is offset longitudinally and releases all the encoding members whose code can then be changed.

  Figure 4 shows the upper part of the mechanism.

  nism of figure 1 which represents the elements which make it possible to obtain either the joining of the organ of

  lock and slide, or their separation.

  In FIG. 4, it is noted that the reference 48 designates the slide plate which is moved by the member of

  binding and handle. Reference 46 designates the extension

  of the locking member. Reference 20 designates

  the barrel lock which constitutes the authorization device

  sation and prohibition of code change. This barrel controls a bit 56 which, in the code authorization position, has the position indicated in FIG. 4, in which it retains the end of the locking member 46. Thus, the locking member, which is normally driven with the slide plate 48 due to the presence of the spring 54, is then retained by the bit 56 so that it slides relative to the slide 48. In this way, the teeth 50 of the locking member separate from the notches of the coding members 40 which are driven by the slide plate 48. At the end of the slide stroke, the resetting plate 35 is operated, so that all of the stop devices 30 go back into their pusher and, simultaneously, the coding members 40, which are released from the teeth 50, are recalled by springs incorporated in each coding member, in the position in which the projections 42 have risen. As soon as the rearming plate is reset, the operator can push in the pushers 16 corresponding to the new combination, then release the handle which, at this moment, causes the rib 46 of the locking member to slide in the notches of the coding organs. It suffices to rotate the bit 56 of the lock so that the lock can be used with the

new code.

  We have described a particular example of a lock provided with a mechanism for authorizing the movement of a handle having a code change device controlled by an authorization and prohibition device consisting of a barrel lock. Of course, this is only one of the many possible embodiments. Thus, although a device has been described in which a slide moves in translation at the level of two rows of stop devices, it is possible to have a different number of rows, and for example, to have a single row in circle. In this case, the slide constitutes a rotary member driven in rotation by the handle, and the stop devices and pushers are arranged in total or partial circle around a common axis.

of rotation.

  A system has been described in which the coding members and the stopping devices can have two positions. This is by no means a limitation, since one can realize mechanisms in which the stop devices have several positions. The number of combinations increases

then considerably.

  An authorization and prohibition device has been described.

  code change including a barrel lock, that is to say controlled by a key. This device can be of any type. One can for example consider using another authorization mechanism by composition of a code, or on the contrary a simple pusher or other body which allows

  then to anyone who knows the valid modification code

  then trust this code. The essential characteristic of the invention is that, when a locking member has unlocked the coding members, these can be placed in position corresponding to a new desired code, before new locking, by operation of devices accessible directly from the outside of the mechanism, without any disassembly or tools, and without the use of a source

any electricity.

  Preferably, the mechanism according to the invention can be mounted on any lock, without modification of the keeper or of the door frame, or of the lock, and have a small width so that it can be mounted on a glass door with

narrow frame.

  Although the invention has been described in its application to the control of a lock allowing the opening of a door, for example of an office door, it has other applications and is suitable for the control of access to premises in general. Although encoder members movable in rotation and cooperating with movable stop devices in translation have been described, these elements may be movable separately in translation or in rotation, as long as they give the

  at least two different positions of cooperation.

  All the elements of the mechanism can be metal-

  but those skilled in the art know that some ele-

  elements, for example of complex shape or not requiring great robustness, may consist of other

  materials, for example plastic.

  The mechanism according to the invention optionally gives the free passage function, described above with reference to the pushers 16. In the second embodiment, this function can be obtained by using a device which prevents the slide from describing the second part of its stroke (rearmament). This device may simply comprise a projection and a clearance, placed respectively on the body or the cover and on the slide and intended to cooperate to limit the travel of the slide at its first

part.

  An advantageous characteristic of the mechanism according to the invention, when used with a lock, is that it can be reversible, that is to say that it can be controlled by a handle (control member) rotating either

right or left.

  It is understood that the invention has only been described and shown as a preferred example and that

  may bring any technical equivalence in its elements

  constitutive elements without departing from its framework.

Claims (10)

  1. Mechanism for authorizing the movement of a control member by dialing a code, the control member (12) constituting a first operating element accessible directly from outside the mechanism, the mechanism being of the type which operates without any source of electrical energy and which comprises: a body (26) intended to be fixed to the device controlled by the control member (12), and several stop devices (30) guided in the body (26) and operated by pushers (16) movable relative to the body (26), the pushers (16) constituting a second operating device accessible directly from outside the mechanism, and a code change device intended to authorize and prohibiting a change of code and allowing the entry of a new code, the mechanism being characterized in that: the code change device comprises: a device (20) for authorizing and prohibiting change of code e code, constituting a third operating device accessible directly from outside the   mechanism and intended to authorize or prohibit the change-   code, without disassembly or opening of the mechanism, and a device for composing a new code which includes the pushers (16) for operating the stop devices (30), these pushers constituting the second operating element. 2. Mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the body (26) is intended to guide a slider (48) in a displacement volume of the slider (48) and has stopping device guide elements which overlap each movement volume, the stop devices (30) each cooperate with a body guide element (26), each stop device (30) being guided by this element between several positions, comprising at least one position of blocking in which a part of the stop device (30) is in the movement volume, and a passage position in which no part of the stop device (30) is in the movement volume, one any position of each stop being a reset position, the pushers (16) are movable relative to the body   (26) so that each actuated pusher moves a device   stop tif (30) corresponding in a first direction in   the corresponding body guide element (26), the pushers   evenings (16) with different signs appearing at   the outside of the mechanism so that their operation is sequential   tielle corresponds to a series of signs composing a code, and the mechanism comprises   a slide (48) guided in the displacement volume   cement of the slide and having a first position of iron-   method, in which the stop devices (30) can be moved in the corresponding guide elements without being hindered by the slide (48), and a second open position, which is not reached from the first closed position that when all the stop devices (30) have their passage position, so that the slide (48) can move in the movement volume, a connecting device intended to transmit the movement of the control member ( 12) to the slide (48), so that when the slide (48) is in its first closed position and at least part of a stop device (30) is in the displacement volume, the displacement of the slide (48) and, consequently, that of the control member (12), are prevented, a reset device intended to bring all the stop devices (30) which are not in the reset position to this position. reset position, for each of at least certain stop devices (30), an encoder member (40) lockable at at least two positions which determines, among the positions of this stop device (30), which are the respective locking and passage positions, and   a locking member (46) having two positions   tions which include a locking position, in which all the encoder members (40) are locked relative to the slide (48), so that the slide (48) and the encoder members (40) move as a whole, and a release position, in which each organ   encoder (40) can change position relative to slide   bucket (48) and can thus change the determination of the blocking and passage positions of the stop device (30) corresponding to this coding member (40), the device (20) for authorization and prohibition of code change having a code change authorization position, in which the locking member (46) can take its release position, and a position for prohibiting   code change, in which the locking member (46)   lage is maintained in its locked position relative to the slide (48), so that when the device (20) for authorization and prohibition of code change is in its position of prohibition of code change, the coding members (40) and the locking member (46) are always in cooperation during the operation of the control device, and, when the device (20) for authorization and prohibition of code change is in its position authorization code change, the locking member (46) can take a position in which it   is not in cooperation with the coding bodies (40).   3. Mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the movement of the locking member (46) relative to the slide (48) is ensured by the operation of   the control member (12) over part of its travel.   4. Mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the movement of the locking member (46) relative to the slide (48) is ensured by the operation of the   exchange authorization and prohibition device (20) code.   5. Mechanism according to any one of the claims   2 to 4, characterized in that a stop device (30) and a corresponding coding member (40) have one projection and the other a throat.   6. Mechanism according to any one of claims   2 to 5, characterized in that the displacement volume is a   elongated space for translational movement, and the   connecting device transforms the rotation movement of the control member (12) into a translation movement of the slide (48).   7. Mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in   that the locking member (46) is movable parallel-   ment to the axis of movement of the slide (48), and it has discontinuities along its length giving it a rack shape.   8. Mechanism according to any one of claims   2 to 7, characterized in that, in the code change prohibition position, the movement of movement of the control member (12) comprises a part in which the control member (12) moves the slide (48 ), and a resetting part without displacement in translation of the slide (48).   9. Method for changing the code of an auto-mechanism   risation of a movement of a control member (12) by composition of a code, the control member (12) being directly accessible, in which an operation for controlling the authorization mechanism comprises: the composition of a selected combination of signs forming a code by operating pushers (16) directly accessible and carrying different signs appearing outside the mechanism, the pushers (16) moving   each a stop device (30) having at least one position   blocking tion and a passage position, these positions being determined, for each stop device (30), by an encoder member (40) carried by a slide (48), and the attempt to operate the control member (12) which causes the application of a displacement force to the slide (48) whose displacement is authorized when all the stop devices (30) are in the passage position but is prohibited when at least one of the devices stop (30) is in the locking position,   the code change process of the auto mechanism   rization being characterized in that it comprises: the incorporation of a device (20) for authorization and   prohibition of code change to the authorization mechanism   sation of a movement of a control member (12), the   exchange authorization and prohibition device (20)   ment of code being directly accessible without any disassembly, and, at each code change operation, in a first phase, the composition of the chosen combination of signs forming a valid code, the operation of the device (20) authorization and prohibition of code change to a position of authorization to change code, and the operation in a first direction of the control device, these operations of operation causing on the one hand the release and the displacement of an organ (46) normally locked with the slider (48), and on the other hand the reset of all the stop devices (30) and all the encoder members (40) in the same position relative to the mechanism, then , in a second phase, the composition of a new code, the operation in the second direction of the control member (12) which moves the slide (48), and the operation of the authorization device (20) and d no change of e code, directly accessible without any disassembly, to a position where the code cannot be changed,   all the elements operated being directly accessible   sibles and not requiring any disassembly for the change of code.   10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that, in each of the first and second phases, the operations of composition and maneuver are carried out in a single order which depends on the material implementation of the particular mechanism for authorizing the movement of a control member (12).