EP1158104A1 - Réalisation de pieux - Google Patents

Réalisation de pieux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1158104A1
EP1158104A1 EP01304590A EP01304590A EP1158104A1 EP 1158104 A1 EP1158104 A1 EP 1158104A1 EP 01304590 A EP01304590 A EP 01304590A EP 01304590 A EP01304590 A EP 01304590A EP 1158104 A1 EP1158104 A1 EP 1158104A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
auger
concrete
bore
lower portion
stem
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01304590A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arwel Williams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pennine Holdings Ltd
Original Assignee
Pennine Holdings Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pennine Holdings Ltd filed Critical Pennine Holdings Ltd
Publication of EP1158104A1 publication Critical patent/EP1158104A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E02D5/44—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds with enlarged footing or enlargements at the bottom of the pile
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/36—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making without use of mouldpipes or other moulds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/62—Compacting the soil at the footing or in or along a casing by forcing cement or like material through tubes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the formation of piles for providing structural foundations for buildings or infra structures, in particular to the formation of concrete piles.
  • One way is to drill a bore hole into the ground with an auger and fill the hole with fluid concrete that is pumped through a fluid passage running down the length of the auger.
  • Another way is to create a bore hole by forcing a vibrating poker into the ground, withdrawing the poker and filling the resulting void with fluid concrete as the poker is being withdrawn. It is known to only partially fill the bore hole with concrete and then reinsert the vibrating poker in order to expand the cross sectional area of the lower part of the pile, before filling the remaining upper part of the bore with concrete. However, due to the substantial mass of the poker, the vibrations produced by this vibrating poker method can propagate some distance, making it unsuitable when there are buildings or other structures present nearby.
  • the bore hole is drilled with an auger, the bore hole can be formed in hard ground, and without significant vibration.
  • Steps (b) and (c) may be repeated several times in a cyclic fashion, such that fluid concrete is pumped into the bore and compressed in stages until the lower portion of the bore has been expanded sufficiently.
  • concrete includes cements and other self setting fluid building materials, and/or that the concrete may be of a granular nature.
  • the auger will be reinserted into the lower portion of the bore by screwing the auger into the concrete, since the screwing motion will provide a mechanical advantage in applying a pressure to the concrete, with the result that pressure applied to the concrete is not solely due to the weight of the auger.
  • pressure to pump the fluid concrete will be applied to the fluid concrete at the inlet of the fluid passage by a pump.
  • the pumping pressure may be continuously applied with the pump during steps (b) to (d).
  • the pumping pressure will be in the range 0.3 bar to 3 bar.
  • the pumping pressure will preferably be in the range 0.5 bar to 1 bar.
  • the auger will preferably be rotated in the opposite sense to that in which it is rotated when it is inserted. However, the auger may be retracted by simply pulling the auger in an upward direction, without rotating it.
  • Concrete will preferably be continuously pumped into the bore as the auger is being retracted, so that the chance of a void being formed in the concrete is reduced. (It will be understood that as used herein, the term retraction also covers extraction).
  • fluid concrete will preferably continue to be pumped as the auger is reinserted into the lower portion of the bore.
  • the stem of the auger will preferably have a cylindrical shaft portion and a tip portion, the tip portion having at least one upstanding flight arranged thereon in a helical fashion to make it easier to screw the auger into the ground and the fluid concrete.
  • the flight(s) may continue some distance up the shaft portion beyond the tip portion, and/or the shaft portion may have an additional helical upstanding flight arranged on a section thereof.
  • the tip portion will have two flights rotationally displaced by 180 degrees from one another.
  • At least part of the tip portion will preferably taper in order to displace the ground material sideways as the auger penetrates the ground.
  • the tip may taper to a point, but in a preferred embodiment the tip will taper to a region of reduced diameter.
  • the ratio of the maximum radial extent of the upstanding flights as measured from the centre of the auger and the radius of the shaft portion will preferably be between 4:3 and 32:30. In a preferred embodiment, this ratio will be substantially 35:30.
  • a method of forming a concrete pile in a bore hole in the ground comprising the steps of:
  • Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of part of an auger 10 which has penetrated some distance into the ground 12, thereby forming a partially dug bore hole 14 of cylindrical shape.
  • the auger has a shaft 13 at the end of which there is a tapered drilling tip 16 with helically arranged flights 18 such that rotating the auger causes the auger to penetrate the ground.
  • the auger is connected to a drilling rig (not shown) in order that the auger can be rotated whilst being retained in a substantially vertical position.
  • the auger 10 has further penetrated the ground 12 and formed a bore hole 14 whose depth is approximately equal to the depth of the pile that is to be formed.
  • Retraction of the auger 10 is then initiated, and fluid concrete 24 is pumped into the lower part 20 of the bore hole 14 through a fluid channel 22 running down the centre of the shaft 13 of the auger 10 to an exit port 23 in the auger tip 16.
  • the concrete is pumped into the bore hole as the auger is being retracted.
  • the rate of retraction and the pump rate of concrete are matched so that there is a reduced risk of voids being formed or collapsable soil falling into the concrete 24. This is achieved by maintaining the pressure of the fluid concrete 24 in the fluid channel 22 as the auger is being retracted.
  • the region of the bore hole 14 below the auger 10 fills with fluid concrete 24.
  • the auger 10 is then at least partially reintroduced in a downward direction into the fluid concrete 24 in the lower portion 21 of the bore hole 14.
  • the auger is reintroduced by rotating the auger 10, which is forced downward due to the engagement of the flights 18 in the fluid concrete 24 as the tip 16 is rotated.
  • Figure 4 shows the auger 10 after it has been partially reintroduced into the lower portion 21 of the bore hole.
  • the introduction of the auger 10 increases the pressure of the fluid concrete 24 in the lower portion 21 of the bore hole 14. Consequently, the side wall 26 of the lower portion of the bore hole expands outwardly, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the resulting bore has a wider horizontal cross section in the lower portion 21. (The depth of the bore hole 14 will also increase due to the pressure applied to the concrete 24, but this increase will be small in comparison to the depth of the bore hole 14).
  • the auger then is retracted to a level where the tip 16 of the auger 10 is above the expanded portion of the bore 14 as shown in Figure 5. At this stage, the auger 10 can be retracted completely. Alternatively, the auger 10 can be reintroduced again in order to expand the bore hole 14 in the region immediately above the expanded lower bore portion 21, or to further expand the lower bore hole portion 21.
  • the auger is withdrawn from the bore whilst pumping concrete into the bore 14.
  • the resulting bore 14 is completely filled with concrete.
  • An elongate metal cage 28 is then inserted into the concrete-filled bore 14 for structural support and the concrete 24 is allowed to set, resulting in a pile as shown in Figure 6.
  • the auger 10 of Figure 1 used to drill the bore hole 14 is shown in more detail on Figure 7.
  • the tip 16 has a cylindrical portion 16a joined to the auger shaft 13, followed by a tapering portion 16b whose narrow end forms the lower extremity of the auger 10.
  • Two upstanding helical flights 18a and 18b are disposed on the side surface 31 of the tip 16, the two flights 18a and 18b being rotationally separated by 180 degrees.
  • the flights 18a and 18b are inclined with respect to the side surface 32 of the tip 16 such that when the auger rotates about 180 degrees about a vertical axis 30, the inclination of a flight in the radial direction will reverse, passing through a horizontal inclination after having been rotated through 90 degrees.
  • the auger 10 is rotated in the ground in one sense, the helically arranged flights will screw into the ground and force the auger to move in a downward direction. Rotating the auger in the opposite sense will cause the auger to move upwards.
  • the diameter of the shaft 13 and the cylindrical portion 16a of the tip 16 is approximately 300 mm.
  • the tapering portion of the tip 16b tapers down to a diameter of about 100 mm at the extremity of the tip 16.
  • the radial extent of the flights as measured from the surface of the tip diminishes as the tips widens.
  • the radial extent of the flights is constant and about 175 mm. Therefore, in this example the ratio of the radial extent of the flights as measured from the central axis 30 and the radial extent of the tip varies between about 35:12 towards the narrow end of the tip and 35:30 when the tip is at its widest.
  • the auger 10 displaces earth predominantly in a sideways direction rather than in a vertical direction when it is screwed into the ground. This means that displaced earth is not brought up to the surface where it can be a nuisance.
  • the fluid channel 22 through which concrete is pumped here a tubular passage running down the length of the shaft and to the tip 16, is indicated by a dashed line.
  • the long axis of the fluid channel 22 is co-axially aligned with the central axis 30 of the shaft 13.
  • the exit port 23 in the fluid passage 22 is situated on the side surface of the tip 16, such that concrete pumped through the auger 10 is injected into the bore hole 14 at an angle to the vertical direction.
  • the exit port could alternatively be positioned in line with the long axis of the fluid channel 22.
  • An expendable and releasable cap (not shown) placed on the exit port 23 is used to prevent soil being forced into the fluid channel and blocking it as the auger is drilling the bore hole 14.
  • concrete is pumped into the fluid passage. The pressure of this concrete will build up until it reaches 0.5 bar and 1 bar and is sufficient to release the expendable cap from the exit port 23, thereby allowing fluid concrete to flow from the exit port 23 and into the bore 14.
  • this invention provides a simple way of forming concrete piles having an enlarged base, without producing excessive vibration, and allowing firm or hard soils to be penetrated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP01304590A 2000-05-26 2001-05-24 Réalisation de pieux Withdrawn EP1158104A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0012784 2000-05-26
GB0012784A GB2362673B (en) 2000-05-26 2000-05-26 Pile formation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1158104A1 true EP1158104A1 (fr) 2001-11-28

Family

ID=9892394

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01304590A Withdrawn EP1158104A1 (fr) 2000-05-26 2001-05-24 Réalisation de pieux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20020008328A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1158104A1 (fr)
GB (2) GB2362673B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU781681B2 (en) * 2000-03-06 2005-06-09 Screw In Technologies Pty Ltd Anchor elements and methods and apparatus for fabricating anchor elements
CN103290841A (zh) * 2013-06-18 2013-09-11 江苏东恒大地工程技术有限公司 带抽拉式活动进料口的桩模及施工方法

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0422062D0 (en) * 2004-10-05 2004-11-03 Screwfast Foundations Ltd A screw pile
CN101319499B (zh) * 2007-06-07 2012-03-28 刘润郊 钻孔泵灌大流动砼扩底螺纹桩的成桩方法及其装置
CN103526746A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2014-01-22 王志耸 一种挤压土体全螺纹灌注桩桩机及其成桩工法
CN103741677A (zh) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-23 广西科技大学 一种钻孔灌注桩的制作方法
CN103741679A (zh) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-23 广西科技大学 一种沉管灌注桩的制作方法
JP6450951B2 (ja) * 2014-06-30 2019-01-16 株式会社テノックス 水硬性固化材液置換コラム築造方法および水硬性固化材液置換コラム築造用閉塞体
JP2016056650A (ja) * 2014-09-12 2016-04-21 株式会社テノックス 水硬性固化材液置換コラム築造装置、水硬性固化材液置換コラム築造方法および水硬性固化材液置換コラム
CN104389308A (zh) * 2014-10-17 2015-03-04 中建四局第六建筑工程有限公司 一种基坑支护用现浇劲性桩施工方法
JP6629076B2 (ja) * 2015-05-15 2020-01-15 創伸産業株式会社 地盤補強工法
US10634657B2 (en) * 2018-04-18 2020-04-28 6422277 Manitoba Ltd. Pile testing device
AU2022339936A1 (en) 2021-08-31 2024-03-21 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. A system and method for installing an aggregate pier

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1322130A (fr) * 1961-02-28 1963-03-29 Méthode et appareil pour former un pieu en béton dans le sol par forage
US3206936A (en) * 1960-12-15 1965-09-21 Herman L Moor Method and means for making concrete piles
JPS603317A (ja) * 1983-06-18 1985-01-09 Teruo Koi 基礎杭の施工工法
AT394592B (de) * 1990-12-12 1992-05-11 Kellner Willibald Verfahren zur herstellung eines rohrfoermigen fundaments im erdreich
FR2758577A1 (fr) * 1997-01-22 1998-07-24 Menard Soltraitement Procede, dispositif et materiaux pour consolider un terrain meuble et/ou compressible destine en particulier a recevoir sur lui un edifice

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2042029B (en) * 1979-02-13 1982-11-17 Chuan Pao Chen P Method and apparatus for forming subterranean concrete piles
GB2048999B (en) * 1979-05-14 1983-01-26 Bullivant R Construction of in situ piles
NL189924C (nl) * 1980-02-25 1993-09-01 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Schroefboor voor het in de grond vervaardigen van betonnen fundatiepalen en werkwijze voor het toepassen van deze schroefboor.
NL8102327A (nl) * 1981-05-12 1982-12-01 Fundamentum Bv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een fundatiepaal alsmede een daarbij toe te passen buis.
SE446467B (sv) * 1985-02-25 1986-09-15 Edvin Lindell Forfarande vid palning samt anordning for utforande av forfarandet
GB2202885B (en) * 1987-04-02 1990-11-07 Westpile Int Uk Ltd Piling and auger therefor
GB2303868B (en) * 1995-07-31 1999-04-14 Cementation Piling & Found Improved auger piling
GB2345715B (en) * 1999-01-12 2003-07-09 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Composite auger piling

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3206936A (en) * 1960-12-15 1965-09-21 Herman L Moor Method and means for making concrete piles
FR1322130A (fr) * 1961-02-28 1963-03-29 Méthode et appareil pour former un pieu en béton dans le sol par forage
JPS603317A (ja) * 1983-06-18 1985-01-09 Teruo Koi 基礎杭の施工工法
AT394592B (de) * 1990-12-12 1992-05-11 Kellner Willibald Verfahren zur herstellung eines rohrfoermigen fundaments im erdreich
FR2758577A1 (fr) * 1997-01-22 1998-07-24 Menard Soltraitement Procede, dispositif et materiaux pour consolider un terrain meuble et/ou compressible destine en particulier a recevoir sur lui un edifice

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 117 (M - 381) 22 May 1985 (1985-05-22) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU781681B2 (en) * 2000-03-06 2005-06-09 Screw In Technologies Pty Ltd Anchor elements and methods and apparatus for fabricating anchor elements
CN103290841A (zh) * 2013-06-18 2013-09-11 江苏东恒大地工程技术有限公司 带抽拉式活动进料口的桩模及施工方法
CN103290841B (zh) * 2013-06-18 2015-06-03 江苏东恒大地工程技术有限公司 带抽拉式活动进料口的桩模及施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20020008328A1 (en) 2002-01-24
GB2362674A (en) 2001-11-28
GB2362673A (en) 2001-11-28
GB0100250D0 (en) 2001-02-14
GB0012784D0 (en) 2000-07-19
GB2362673B (en) 2002-08-21

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