EP1156171A1 - Shuttering element made of profiled steel sheet for the construction of floors with collaborative metal form-slabs - Google Patents

Shuttering element made of profiled steel sheet for the construction of floors with collaborative metal form-slabs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1156171A1
EP1156171A1 EP01400776A EP01400776A EP1156171A1 EP 1156171 A1 EP1156171 A1 EP 1156171A1 EP 01400776 A EP01400776 A EP 01400776A EP 01400776 A EP01400776 A EP 01400776A EP 1156171 A1 EP1156171 A1 EP 1156171A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
floor
element according
rectangle
soles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01400776A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1156171B1 (en
Inventor
Léopold SOKOL
René Hugel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArcelorMittal Construction France SAS
Original Assignee
PAB EST
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PAB EST filed Critical PAB EST
Publication of EP1156171A1 publication Critical patent/EP1156171A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1156171B1 publication Critical patent/EP1156171B1/en
Priority to CY20071100424T priority Critical patent/CY1108615T1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a formwork element made of sheet steel profiled for the production of a floor with collaborating metal bins made with reinforced concrete poured into said formwork.
  • the type of floor cast in a formwork composed of an assembly of metallic profile elements is produced in the building sector, such as homes, hotels, hospitals, industrial buildings or for parking lots.
  • embossings are currently used to make the collaborating formwork.
  • Collaborative formwork means that the formwork remains permanently and brings to the constructed floor its mechanical properties in tension and bending of steel in the general design of so-called reinforced concrete. Proportions geometry of the sheet and the arrangement of the embossings have a great influence on the resistance of the formwork during the construction phase, when mounting said formwork, in the pouring phase and also on the effectiveness of the collaboration between the steel formwork elements associated with the concrete filling, after the hardening of it.
  • embossings constitute localized deformations produced on the flat surfaces of the profile, said deformations forming stamped in particular of the type, round button, oval button, transverse rib, notching, chevron or any other image.
  • Embossing can be carried out on the tops of the profile, on the soles as well as on the omega souls.
  • the existing solutions are generally based on an arbitrary choice of the geometric form of embossings, that is to say the reason for the deformation as well as the distribution in surface of said patterns, which can be distributed in different ways, in number, in geometry, in density.
  • the result thus obtained is completely random, that is to say that it does not necessarily lead to an optimal compromise between different performance criteria from the point of view of material resistance.
  • the performance criteria can often be contradictory, in the sense that the improvement of one criterion can lead to the degradation of another.
  • embossings placed on the soles or too close to the sole-core angles often improve the collaboration with the concrete, but lead to the weakening of the effective cross-section and consequently to the loss of performance in casting.
  • the embossings in the form of a continuous notch generating in section, a ripple or else, the embossings insufficiently inclined and or spaced increase the resistance to the punching of the cores on the supports, but, on the other hand, reduce the effective section and generate parasitic internal compressive stresses in the flat parts, causing local instabilities such as buckling, premature breakdown.
  • the decrease in the slope of the cores makes it possible to increase the useful width of the tank, but, on the other hand, reduces the effectiveness of the collaboration between the sheet metal and the concrete.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a formwork element made of sheet steel profiled for the production of a floor with collaborating metal bins made with reinforced concrete poured into said formwork leading to the realization of the floor, to a substantial gain, from the point of view of performance in mixed phase, compared to existing floors of the open profile type, while remaining competitive in terms of performance during the casting phase as well as in terms of surface weight of the element and the formwork.
  • the invention also relates to a floor with collaborating metal bins made of concrete that can be reinforced, poured into a formwork made elements of which at least one element of the formwork comprises on the webs, long drawn stamps, each arranged on the diagonal of a rectangle having a side substantially equal to the width of the core, the general shape of each stamped, representing a pattern, being included alone in said rectangle.
  • Figures 1a, 1b, 1c respectively show a floor in section along the invention, part of an omega-shaped element, and an assembly of two end wings having an interlocking of two elements.
  • FIGS 2a and 2b show another embodiment of an element according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of measuring characteristics mechanics of a floor with collaborating metal bins.
  • FIG. 4 represents curves of mechanical characteristics of a floor according to the invention in comparison with the mechanical characteristics a reference floor.
  • the invention relates, as shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 1c, a formwork element 2 made of profiled sheet steel, which can be galvanized, for the realization of a floor 3 with metal trays 4 collaborators made with concrete reinforced 5 cast in said formwork 2, the element 1 having a profile composed of a succession of shapes 7 in omega, including a vertex 8, on both sides from which two souls 9 inclined relative to the plane of the apex 8 extend, and two soles 10 substantially parallel to the general plane 11 of the floor 3, the assembly of the elements by the end flanges generating bins metallic 4 of formwork 2.
  • the element 1 comprises on the cores 9, stampings 12 elongated, each arranged on the diagonal 13 of a rectangle having a side 14 substantially equal to the width of the core 9, the general shape of each stamped 12, representing a pattern, being included alone in said rectangle.
  • the stampings 12 define a number of patterns forming inclined notches so that the straight cross section only crosses a single pattern, on a very limited distance, thus not leading to a significant loss of section resistance.
  • the number of patterns per linear meter depends on the width of the web and the inclination of the diagonals as shown in the figure 1b.
  • Preferably the number of patterns is approximately 25 per linear meter of each omega core of the profile.
  • stampings in the example, in the form of a gutter, protrude from the side metal formwork trays 4.
  • a shape 7 is shown in omega of part of formwork element 1 2, the shape being trapezoidal, but this shape could be also rectangular or dovetailed.
  • FIGs 1b and 1c the soles 10 and the top 8 of a shape 7 in omega on which is made at least one longitudinal fold 15 forming a stiffening and or interlocking groove whose role is to improve the buckling resistance.
  • the socket is shown in Figure 1c which represents the wings at the ends of two elements 1 joined for mounting a formwork 2.
  • FIGs 2a and 2b give another embodiment of the invention in which the folds 15 of the wings are made near the soul-sole angle of so as to fix the hollow connectors on the beams support.
  • the geometric shape of the section preferably in omega and on the other hand the form of the embossings, their arrangement, spacing and inclination, a very significant gain is obtained on the mechanical performance of the floor, around 70 to 100%, compared to existing floors, while minimizing the formwork weight per unit area.
  • Tests determined the calculation parameters of the slab in phase mixed, by the method called "m” and "k”, and used for the technical analysis of floor.
  • the service limit state according to the “m” and “k” method consists in respecting an inequality concerning the shear stress of sliding between the element in sheet metal and concrete, the stress of the stressing force being less than the stress of the resistant effort of the floor.
  • the testing device is shown in Figure 3 which shows a diagram static tests, with a provision of loads and instruments measures.
  • the floor 3 on two simple supports 16 is subjected to the actuation of a jack 17. It is measured on the one hand, the deflection deflection of the floor by means of a measuring instrument 18 and on the other hand, a measurement of the sliding between element 1 and concrete 5 by means of two devices 19.
  • FIG. 4 presents a set of curves for comparing the resistance of two floors, the curves giving values of limit slip resistance and limit load, on the one hand, for a floor according to the invention and on the other hand for a comparison floor, and this as a function of different ranges represented by the value 4I s .
  • comparison floor is a floor whose element has a profile composed of a succession of trapezoidal omega shapes, including a top, two soles substantially parallel to the general plane of the floor, the assembly of the elements by the soles generating metal bins of formwork, the element comprising on the webs, elongated stampings, joined forming, along a longitudinal section of the core, undulations.
  • the gain on the limit loads obtained with the floor produced with the elements of the invention is between 70% and 100%, with in addition, the weight of the element reduced by 3.5%, compared to the comparison floor.
  • the required thickness of the comparison floor is of the order of 30% to 50% higher.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

The formwork component (1) for making the metal pan (4) has a section composed off a succession of omega shapes (7). These shapes have a top (8) on either side of which extend two inclined web plates (9) and two sole plates (10). On the web plates are beads (12) located on the diagonal (13) of a rectangle representing a design. The beads define a number of designs forming inclined notching. An Independent claim is also included for the pan joist concrete floor.

Description

La présente invention concerne un élément de coffrage en tôle d'acier profilée pour la réalisation d'un plancher à bacs métalliques collaborants réalisés avec du béton armé coulé dans ledit coffrage. Le type de plancher coulé dans un coffrage composé d'un assemblage d'éléments profilés métalliques est réalisé dans le domaine du bâtiment, tels qu'habitations, hôtels, hôpitaux, bâtiments industriels ou pour des parkings.The present invention relates to a formwork element made of sheet steel profiled for the production of a floor with collaborating metal bins made with reinforced concrete poured into said formwork. The type of floor cast in a formwork composed of an assembly of metallic profile elements is produced in the building sector, such as homes, hotels, hospitals, industrial buildings or for parking lots.

De multiples formes géométriques de profils avec différents dispositifs de déformations locales dites embossages sont actuellement utilisés pour réaliser les coffrages collaborants.Multiple geometric shapes of profiles with different devices local deformations known as embossings are currently used to make the collaborating formwork.

On entend par coffrage collaborant le fait que le coffrage reste à demeure et apporte au plancher construit ses propriétés mécaniques en traction et flexion de l'acier dans la conception générale d'un béton dit armé. Les proportions géométriques de la tôle et la disposition des embossages ont une grande influence sur la résistance du coffrage en phase de chantier, au moment du montage dudit coffrage, en phase de coulage et également sur l'efficacité de la collaboration entre les éléments de coffrage en acier associé au remplissage béton, après le durcissement de celui-ci.Collaborative formwork means that the formwork remains permanently and brings to the constructed floor its mechanical properties in tension and bending of steel in the general design of so-called reinforced concrete. Proportions geometry of the sheet and the arrangement of the embossings have a great influence on the resistance of the formwork during the construction phase, when mounting said formwork, in the pouring phase and also on the effectiveness of the collaboration between the steel formwork elements associated with the concrete filling, after the hardening of it.

Du point de vue de la forme géométrique, on distingue essentiellement deux types de profils :

  • le profil dit « ouverts » dans lequel le profil oméga a une forme générale trapézoïdale ou rectangulaire.
  • le profil dit « fermés » dans lequel le profil oméga a une forme générale en queue d'aronde.
From the point of view of geometric shape, there are essentially two types of profiles:
  • the so-called “open” profile in which the omega profile has a general trapezoidal or rectangular shape.
  • the so-called “closed” profile in which the omega profile has a general dovetail shape.

Concernant les embossages, ils constituent des déformations localisées réalisées sur les surfaces planes du profilé lesdites déformations formant des emboutis notamment du type, bouton rond, bouton ovale, nervure transversale, crantage, chevron ou toute autre image.Concerning the embossings, they constitute localized deformations produced on the flat surfaces of the profile, said deformations forming stamped in particular of the type, round button, oval button, transverse rib, notching, chevron or any other image.

Les embossages peuvent être réalisés sur les sommets du profilé, sur les semelles ainsi que sur les âmes de l'oméga. Les solutions existantes sont généralement basées sur un choix arbitraire de la forme géométrique des embossages, c'est-à-dire du motif de la déformation ainsi que de la répartition en surface desdits motifs, pouvant être répartis de différentes manières, en nombre, en géométrie, en densité. Le résultat ainsi obtenu est totalement aléatoire, c'est-à-dire qu'il ne conduit pas nécessairement à un compromis optimal entre des différents critères de performances du point de vue résistance des matériaux.Embossing can be carried out on the tops of the profile, on the soles as well as on the omega souls. The existing solutions are generally based on an arbitrary choice of the geometric form of embossings, that is to say the reason for the deformation as well as the distribution in surface of said patterns, which can be distributed in different ways, in number, in geometry, in density. The result thus obtained is completely random, that is to say that it does not necessarily lead to an optimal compromise between different performance criteria from the point of view of material resistance.

Il y a lieu de remarquer que les critères de performances peuvent être souvent contradictoires, dans le sens que l'amélioration d'un critère peut conduire à la dégradation d'un autre. Par exemple, les embossages placés sur les semelles ou bien trop près des angles semelles-âmes, améliorent souvent la collaboration avec le béton, mais conduisent à l'affaiblissement de la section efficace et par conséquent, à la perte de performances au coulage. D'autre part, les embossages en forme de crantage continu générant en section, une ondulation ou encore, des embossages insuffisamment inclinés et ou espacés, augmentent la résistance au poinçonnement des âmes sur les appuis, mais, en revanche, réduisent la section efficace et engendrent des contraintes internes parasites de compression dans les parties planes, en provoquant des instabilités locales telles que voilement, claquage prématuré.
Dans un autre exemple, la diminution de la pente des âmes permet d'accroítre la largeur utile du bac, mais, par contre, réduit l'efficacité de la collaboration entre la tôle et le béton.It should be noted that the performance criteria can often be contradictory, in the sense that the improvement of one criterion can lead to the degradation of another. For example, embossings placed on the soles or too close to the sole-core angles, often improve the collaboration with the concrete, but lead to the weakening of the effective cross-section and consequently to the loss of performance in casting. On the other hand, the embossings in the form of a continuous notch generating in section, a ripple or else, the embossings insufficiently inclined and or spaced, increase the resistance to the punching of the cores on the supports, but, on the other hand, reduce the effective section and generate parasitic internal compressive stresses in the flat parts, causing local instabilities such as buckling, premature breakdown.
In another example, the decrease in the slope of the cores makes it possible to increase the useful width of the tank, but, on the other hand, reduces the effectiveness of the collaboration between the sheet metal and the concrete.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un élément de coffrage en tôle d'acier profilée pour la réalisation d'un plancher à bacs métalliques collaborants réalisés avec du béton armé coulé dans ledit coffrage conduisant lors de la réalisation du plancher, à un gain substantiel, du point de vue des performances en phase mixte, comparativement aux planchers existants du type profil ouvert, tout en restant compétitif au niveau des performances en phase de coulage ainsi qu'au niveau du poids surfacique de l'élément et du coffrage.The object of the invention is to propose a formwork element made of sheet steel profiled for the production of a floor with collaborating metal bins made with reinforced concrete poured into said formwork leading to the realization of the floor, to a substantial gain, from the point of view of performance in mixed phase, compared to existing floors of the open profile type, while remaining competitive in terms of performance during the casting phase as well as in terms of surface weight of the element and the formwork.

L'invention a pour objet un élément de coffrage en tôle d'acier profilée pour la réalisation d'un plancher à bacs métalliques collaborants réalisés avec du béton armé coulé dans ledit coffrage, l'élément présentant un profil composé d'une succession de formes en oméga, chaque forme comprenant un sommet, de part et d'autre duquel s'étendent deux âmes inclinées par rapport au plan du sommet, et deux semelles sensiblement parallèles au plan général du plancher, l'assemblage des éléments par les semelles d'extrémité générant des bacs métalliques de coffrage, caractérisé en ce que l'élément comporte sur les âmes, des emboutis longilignes, disposés chacun, sur la diagonale d'un rectangle ayant un coté sensiblement égal à la largeur de l'âme, la forme générale de chaque embouti étant incluse seule dans ledit rectangle.
Les autres caractéristiques de l'invention sont :

  • les emboutis définissent un nombre de motifs au mètre linéaire en fonction de la largeur de l'âme et de l'inclinaison des diagonales qui est comprise entre 20° et 45°.
  • l'embouti forme saillie du coté des bacs métalliques de coffrage.
  • l'embouti forme une gouttière.
  • les semelles et le sommet comportent au moins un pli longitudinal formant une rainure de raidissement et ou d'emboítement.
  • l'élément profilé est galvanisé.
The subject of the invention is a formwork element made of profiled sheet steel for the production of a floor with collaborating metal trays produced with reinforced concrete poured into said formwork, the element having a profile composed of a succession of shapes. in omega, each shape comprising a vertex, on either side of which extend two souls inclined relative to the plane of the vertex, and two soles substantially parallel to the general plane of the floor, the assembly of the elements by the soles of end generating metal formwork trays, characterized in that the element comprises on the webs, slender stampings, each arranged on the diagonal of a rectangle having a side substantially equal to the width of the web, the general shape of each stamp being included alone in said rectangle.
The other characteristics of the invention are:
  • the stampings define a number of patterns per linear meter depending on the width of the core and the inclination of the diagonals which is between 20 ° and 45 °.
  • the stamp protrudes from the side of the metal formwork tanks.
  • the stamped form a gutter.
  • the soles and the top have at least one longitudinal fold forming a stiffening groove and or nesting.
  • the profile element is galvanized.

L'invention concerne également un plancher à bacs métalliques collaborants réalisés avec du béton pouvant être renforcé, coulé dans un coffrage constitué d'éléments dont au moins un élément du coffrage comporte sur les âmes, des emboutis longilignes, disposés chacun, sur la diagonale d'un rectangle ayant un coté sensiblement égal à la largeur de l'âme, la forme générale de chaque embouti, représentant un motif, étant incluse seule dans ledit rectangle.The invention also relates to a floor with collaborating metal bins made of concrete that can be reinforced, poured into a formwork made elements of which at least one element of the formwork comprises on the webs, long drawn stamps, each arranged on the diagonal of a rectangle having a side substantially equal to the width of the core, the general shape of each stamped, representing a pattern, being included alone in said rectangle.

La description qui suit et les figures annexées le tout donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif fera bien comprendre l'invention.The following description and the attached figures, all given by way of example non-limiting will make the invention well understood.

Les figures 1a, 1b, 1c présentent respectivement un plancher en coupe selon l'invention, une partie d'un élément en forme d'oméga, et un assemblage de deux ailes d'extrémité présentant un emboítement de deux éléments.Figures 1a, 1b, 1c respectively show a floor in section along the invention, part of an omega-shaped element, and an assembly of two end wings having an interlocking of two elements.

Les figures 2a et 2b présentent un autre exemple de réalisation d'un élément selon l'invention.Figures 2a and 2b show another embodiment of an element according to the invention.

La figure 3 est un schéma de principe de la mesure des caractéristiques mécaniques d'un plancher à bacs métalliques collaborants.Figure 3 is a block diagram of measuring characteristics mechanics of a floor with collaborating metal bins.

La figure 4 représente des courbes de caractéristiques mécaniques d'un plancher selon l'invention en comparaison avec les caractéristiques mécaniques d'un plancher de référence.FIG. 4 represents curves of mechanical characteristics of a floor according to the invention in comparison with the mechanical characteristics a reference floor.

L'invention concerne, comme représenté sur les figures 1a, 1b, 1c, un élément 1 de coffrage 2 en tôle d'acier profilée, pouvant être galvanisé, pour la réalisation d'un plancher 3 à bacs métalliques 4 collaborants réalisés avec du béton armé 5 coulé dans ledit coffrage 2, l'élément 1 présentant un profil composé d'une succession de formes 7 en oméga, comprenant un sommet 8, de part et d'autre duquel s'étendent deux âmes 9 inclinées par rapport au plan du sommet 8, et deux semelles 10 sensiblement parallèles au plan général 11 du plancher 3, l'assemblage des éléments par les semelles d'extrémité générant des bacs métalliques 4 de coffrage 2. L'élément 1 comporte sur les âmes 9, des emboutis 12 longilignes, disposés chacun, sur la diagonale 13 d'un rectangle ayant un coté 14 sensiblement égal à la largeur de l'âme 9, la forme générale de chaque embouti 12, représentant un motif, étant incluse seule dans ledit rectangle.The invention relates, as shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 1c, a formwork element 2 made of profiled sheet steel, which can be galvanized, for the realization of a floor 3 with metal trays 4 collaborators made with concrete reinforced 5 cast in said formwork 2, the element 1 having a profile composed of a succession of shapes 7 in omega, including a vertex 8, on both sides from which two souls 9 inclined relative to the plane of the apex 8 extend, and two soles 10 substantially parallel to the general plane 11 of the floor 3, the assembly of the elements by the end flanges generating bins metallic 4 of formwork 2. The element 1 comprises on the cores 9, stampings 12 elongated, each arranged on the diagonal 13 of a rectangle having a side 14 substantially equal to the width of the core 9, the general shape of each stamped 12, representing a pattern, being included alone in said rectangle.

Les emboutis 12 définissent un nombre de motifs formant crantage inclinés de manière que la coupe transversale droite ne traverse qu'un seul motif, sur une distance très limitée ne conduisant pas, ainsi, à une perte significative de la résistance de la section. Le nombre des motifs par mètre linéaire est fonction de la largeur de l'âme et de l'inclinaison des diagonales comme représenté sur la figure 1b. De préférence le nombre de motifs est d'environ 25 par mètre linéaire de chaque âme en oméga du profilé.The stampings 12 define a number of patterns forming inclined notches so that the straight cross section only crosses a single pattern, on a very limited distance, thus not leading to a significant loss of section resistance. The number of patterns per linear meter depends on the width of the web and the inclination of the diagonals as shown in the figure 1b. Preferably the number of patterns is approximately 25 per linear meter of each omega core of the profile.

Les emboutis, dans l'exemple, en forme de gouttière sont en saillies du coté des bacs métalliques 4 de coffrage.The stampings, in the example, in the form of a gutter, protrude from the side metal formwork trays 4.

Sur la figure 1b, est représenté une forme 7 en oméga d'une partie de l'élément 1 de coffrage 2, la forme étant trapézoïdale, mais cette forme pourrait être aussi rectangulaire ou en queue d'aronde.In FIG. 1b, a shape 7 is shown in omega of part of formwork element 1 2, the shape being trapezoidal, but this shape could be also rectangular or dovetailed.

Il est représenté sur les figures 1b et 1c les semelles 10 et le sommet 8 d'une forme 7 en oméga sur lesquels est réalisé au moins un pli 15 longitudinal formant une rainure de raidissement et ou d'emboítement dont le rôle est d'améliorer la résistance au voilement. L'emboítement est matérialisé sur la figure 1c qui représente les ailes en extrémités de deux éléments 1 joints pour le montage d'un coffrage 2.It is shown in Figures 1b and 1c the soles 10 and the top 8 of a shape 7 in omega on which is made at least one longitudinal fold 15 forming a stiffening and or interlocking groove whose role is to improve the buckling resistance. The socket is shown in Figure 1c which represents the wings at the ends of two elements 1 joined for mounting a formwork 2.

Les figures 2a et 2b donnent un autre exemple de réalisation de l'invention dans lequel les plis 15 des ailes sont réalisés près de l'angle âme-semelle de manière à permettre la fixation des connecteurs en creux d'ondes sur les poutres d'appui.Figures 2a and 2b give another embodiment of the invention in which the folds 15 of the wings are made near the soul-sole angle of so as to fix the hollow connectors on the beams support.

Avec l'ensemble des caractéristiques de l'élément selon l'invention, qui concerne d'une part, la forme géométrique de la section de préférence en oméga et d'autre part la forme des embossages, leur disposition, espacement et inclinaison, on obtient un gain très significatif sur les performances mécaniques du plancher, de l'ordre de 70 à 100 %, par rapport aux planchers existants, tout en minimisant le poids du coffrage par unité de surface.With all the characteristics of the element according to the invention, which concerns on the one hand, the geometric shape of the section preferably in omega and on the other hand the form of the embossings, their arrangement, spacing and inclination, a very significant gain is obtained on the mechanical performance of the floor, around 70 to 100%, compared to existing floors, while minimizing the formwork weight per unit area.

On rappelle que l'objectif principal, lors des études sur un nouveau profil, était de mettre au point un plancher permettant d'améliorer les performances, aussi bien en phase de coulage qu'en mixte, en gardant de préférence sa forme trapézoïdale et en réduisant en même temps sa masse surfacique.Remember that the main objective, during studies on a new profile, was to develop a floor to improve performance, too well in the casting phase than in mixed, preferably keeping its shape trapezoidal and at the same time reducing its surface mass.

Dans ce but, des études de différentes formes du bac et du crantage ont été effectuées, dont les résultats sont présentés dans l'exemple de réalisation suivant.To this end, studies of different forms of the tray and the notch have been performed, the results of which are presented in the following embodiment example.

Des essais ont déterminé les paramètres de calcul de la dalle en phase mixte, par la méthode appelée « m » et « k », et utilisée pour l'analyse technique du plancher.Tests determined the calculation parameters of the slab in phase mixed, by the method called "m" and "k", and used for the technical analysis of floor.

L'état limite de service selon la méthode « m » et « k » consiste à respecter une inégalité concernant la contrainte de cisaillement de glissement entre l'élément en tôle et le béton, la contrainte de l'effort sollicitant étant inférieure à la contrainte de l'effort résistant du plancher.The service limit state according to the “m” and “k” method consists in respecting an inequality concerning the shear stress of sliding between the element in sheet metal and concrete, the stress of the stressing force being less than the stress of the resistant effort of the floor.

La détermination des paramètres « m » et « k » est réalisée sur travée isostatique en prenant en compte la valeur I de la portée d'une travée sur deux appuis simples.The parameters "m" and "k" are determined on span isostatic taking into account the value I of the span of one span in two simple supports.

Le dispositif d'essais est représenté sur la figure 3 qui montre un schéma d'essais statiques, avec une disposition des charges et des instruments de mesures.The testing device is shown in Figure 3 which shows a diagram static tests, with a provision of loads and instruments measures.

Sur la figure 3, le plancher 3 sur deux appuis simples 16 est soumis à la sollicitation d'un vérin 17. Il est mesuré d'une part, la flèche de déformation du plancher au moyen d'un instrument de mesure 18 et d'autre part, une mesure du glissement entre élément 1 et béton 5 au moyen de deux dispositifs 19.In FIG. 3, the floor 3 on two simple supports 16 is subjected to the actuation of a jack 17. It is measured on the one hand, the deflection deflection of the floor by means of a measuring instrument 18 and on the other hand, a measurement of the sliding between element 1 and concrete 5 by means of two devices 19.

La figure 4 présente un ensemble de courbes de comparaison de résistance de deux planchers, les courbes donnant des valeurs de résistance limite au glissement et en charge limite, d'une part, pour un plancher selon l'invention et d'autre part pour un plancher de comparaison, et cela en fonction de différentes portées représentées par la valeur 4Is.FIG. 4 presents a set of curves for comparing the resistance of two floors, the curves giving values of limit slip resistance and limit load, on the one hand, for a floor according to the invention and on the other hand for a comparison floor, and this as a function of different ranges represented by the value 4I s .

Dans le cas de distribution quelconque des charges telles que charges concentrées on doit prendre en compte une portée fictive équivalente I représentée par l'expression 4Is. In the case of any distribution of the charges such as concentrated charges one must take into account an equivalent fictitious range I represented by the expression 4I s .

Le plancher dit de comparaison est un plancher dont l'élément présente un profil composé d'une succession de formes trapézoïdales en oméga, comprenant un sommet, deux semelles sensiblement parallèles au plan général du plancher, l'assemblage des éléments par les semelles générant des bacs métalliques de coffrage, l'élément comportant sur les âmes, des emboutis longilignes, jointifs formant suivant une coupe longitudinale de l'âme, des ondulations.The so-called comparison floor is a floor whose element has a profile composed of a succession of trapezoidal omega shapes, including a top, two soles substantially parallel to the general plane of the floor, the assembly of the elements by the soles generating metal bins of formwork, the element comprising on the webs, elongated stampings, joined forming, along a longitudinal section of the core, undulations.

On remarque l'amélioration apportée par l'élément selon l'invention en terme de résistance à la charge en glissement, représentée par les courbes A et B respectivement pour un plancher selon l'invention et le plancher de comparaison, et en charge limite représentée par les courbes C et D respectivement pour un plancher selon l'invention et le plancher de comparaison.Note the improvement provided by the element according to the invention in terms resistance to sliding load, represented by curves A and B respectively for a floor according to the invention and the comparison floor, and in limit load represented by curves C and D respectively for a floor according to the invention and the comparison floor.

Le tableau suivant présente, pour le plancher selon l'invention et le plancher de comparaison, le poids propre des dalles pour différentes épaisseurs desdites dalles. Poids ( daN/m2 ) Tôle d'épaisseur 0,75mm Epaisseur totale du plancher ( cm ) 10 12 14 16 20 Comparaison 8,83 156 204 252 300 396 Plancher selon l'invention 8,42 155 203 251 299 395 The following table presents, for the floor according to the invention and the comparison floor, the self-weight of the slabs for different thicknesses of said slabs. Weight (daN / m2) 0.75mm thick sheet Total thickness of the floor (cm) 10 12 14 16 20 Comparison 8.83 156 204 252 300 396 Floor according to the invention 8.42 155 203 251 299 395

Le gain sur les charges limites obtenu avec le plancher réalisé avec les éléments de l'invention est compris entre 70% et 100%, avec en plus, le poids de l'élément réduit de 3,5%, par rapport au plancher de comparaison. Pour la même surcharge, l'épaisseur nécessaire du plancher de comparaison est de l'ordre de 30% à 50% supérieure.The gain on the limit loads obtained with the floor produced with the elements of the invention is between 70% and 100%, with in addition, the weight of the element reduced by 3.5%, compared to the comparison floor. For the same overload, the required thickness of the comparison floor is of the order of 30% to 50% higher.

A cette constatation, il convient d'ajouter une remarque importante : il a été réalisé des planchers avec une épaisseur de 24 cm qui ont pleinement confirmé une très bonne tenue. Par conséquent, l'élément selon l'invention peut assurer la réalisation de planchers atteignant une épaisseur totale, avec extension, de 28 cm.To this observation, an important remark should be added: it was made floors with a thickness of 24 cm which fully confirmed a very good performance. Consequently, the element according to the invention can ensure the realization of floors reaching a total thickness, with extension, of 28 cm.

Claims (8)

Elément de coffrage en tôle d'acier profilée pour la réalisation d'un plancher à bacs métalliques collaborants réalisés avec du béton armé coulé dans ledit coffrage, l'élément présentant un profil composé d'une succession de formes en oméga, chaque forme comprenant un sommet, de part et d'autre duquel s'étendent deux âmes inclinées par rapport au plan du sommet, et deux semelles sensiblement parallèles au plan général du plancher, l'assemblage des éléments par les semelles d'extrémité générant des bacs métalliques de coffrage, caractérisé en ce que l'élément comporte sur les âmes, des emboutis longilignes, disposés chacun, sur la diagonale d'un rectangle ayant un coté sensiblement égal à la largeur de l'âme, la forme générale de chaque embouti, représentant un motif, étant incluse seule dans ledit rectangle.Formwork element in profiled sheet steel for the production of a floor with collaborating metal trays made with reinforced concrete poured into said formwork, the element having a profile composed of a succession of omega forms, each form comprising a summit, on either side of which extend two cores inclined with respect to the plane of the summit, and two soles substantially parallel to the general plane of the floor, the assembly of the elements by the end soles generating metal formwork trays , characterized in that the element comprises on the webs, elongated stamps, each arranged on the diagonal of a rectangle having a side substantially equal to the width of the core, the general shape of each stamped, representing a pattern , being included alone in said rectangle. Elément selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la section de l'oméga est trapézoïdale.Element according to claim 1 characterized in that the section of the omega is trapezoidal. Elément selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les emboutis définissent un nombre de motifs au mètre linéaire fonction de la largeur de l'âme et de l'inclinaison des diagonales qui est comprise entre 20° et 45°.Element according to claim 1 characterized in that the stampings define a number of patterns per linear meter depending on the width of the core and the inclination of the diagonals which is between 20 ° and 45 °. Elément selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'embouti forme saillie du coté des bacs métalliques de coffrage.Element according to claim 1 characterized in that the stamped form protrudes from the side of the metal formwork tanks. Elément selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'embouti forme une gouttière.Element according to claim 1 characterized in that the stamped form a gutter. Elément selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les semelles et le sommet comportent au moins un pli longitudinal formant une rainure de raidissement et ou d'emboítement.Element according to claim 1 characterized in that the soles and the top comprise at least one longitudinal fold forming a stiffening groove and or nesting. Elément selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'élément profilé est galvanisé. Element according to claim 1 characterized in that the profiled element is galvanized. Plancher à bacs métalliques collaborants réalisés avec du béton pouvant être renforcé, coulé dans un coffrage constitué d'éléments selon les revendications de 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément du coffrage comporte sur les âmes, des emboutis longilignes, disposés chacun, sur la diagonale d'un rectangle ayant un coté sensiblement égal à la largeur de l'âme, la forme générale de chaque embouti, représentant un motif, étant incluse seule dans ledit rectangle.Floor with collaborating metal trays made with concrete which can be reinforced, poured into a formwork made up of elements according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one element of the formwork comprises on the webs, slender stampings, arranged each, on the diagonal of a rectangle having a side substantially equal to the width of the core, the general shape of each stamp, representing a pattern, being included alone in said rectangle.
EP01400776A 2000-03-29 2001-03-27 Shuttering element made of profiled steel sheet for the construction of floors with collaborative metal form-slabs Expired - Lifetime EP1156171B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CY20071100424T CY1108615T1 (en) 2000-03-29 2007-03-27 STEEL CONSTRUCTION OF STEEL LAYER FORMED FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A FLOOR WITH COLLABORATING METAL CUTS

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0003960A FR2807081B1 (en) 2000-03-29 2000-03-29 FORMING ELEMENT IN PROFILED STEEL SHEET FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FLOOR WITH COLLABORATING METAL BINS
FR0003960 2000-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1156171A1 true EP1156171A1 (en) 2001-11-21
EP1156171B1 EP1156171B1 (en) 2006-12-27

Family

ID=8848606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01400776A Expired - Lifetime EP1156171B1 (en) 2000-03-29 2001-03-27 Shuttering element made of profiled steel sheet for the construction of floors with collaborative metal form-slabs

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1156171B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE349582T1 (en)
CY (1) CY1108615T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60125457T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1156171T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2275633T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2807081B1 (en)
PL (1) PL208701B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1156171E (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SI22495A (en) * 2007-03-10 2008-10-31 Trimo D.D. High-profile sheet metal for scarf joined ceilings
ES2344389B2 (en) 2008-06-16 2011-06-02 Universitat Politècnica De Catalunya SYSTEM FOR CONNECTION BETWEEN STEEL SHEET AND CONCRETE.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3397497A (en) * 1966-11-28 1968-08-20 Inland Steel Products Company Deck system
CA917394A (en) * 1970-05-21 1972-12-26 L. Lockshin Louis Floor deck
US4453364A (en) * 1980-05-27 1984-06-12 Ting Raymond M L Corrugated steel decking section

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3397497A (en) * 1966-11-28 1968-08-20 Inland Steel Products Company Deck system
CA917394A (en) * 1970-05-21 1972-12-26 L. Lockshin Louis Floor deck
US4453364A (en) * 1980-05-27 1984-06-12 Ting Raymond M L Corrugated steel decking section

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK1156171T3 (en) 2007-03-19
FR2807081A1 (en) 2001-10-05
ES2275633T3 (en) 2007-06-16
CY1108615T1 (en) 2014-04-09
EP1156171B1 (en) 2006-12-27
DE60125457T2 (en) 2007-09-27
PL208701B1 (en) 2011-05-31
PT1156171E (en) 2007-02-28
ATE349582T1 (en) 2007-01-15
DE60125457D1 (en) 2007-02-08
FR2807081B1 (en) 2002-09-13
PL346789A1 (en) 2001-10-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1756367A1 (en) Lightweight metal joint for concrete surfaces
EP0288385A1 (en) Prefabricated construction element with integrated thermal insulation, especially a floor element, and method for its manufacture
EP1156171B1 (en) Shuttering element made of profiled steel sheet for the construction of floors with collaborative metal form-slabs
EP2480729A1 (en) Metal profile member to be used as a formwork assisting in the construction of metal/concrete flooring
WO2015067901A1 (en) Beam and floor elements for buildings with bamboo rods
WO2000046458A1 (en) Building slab, assembly of same and use for producing structures capable of supporting heavy loads
EP3320154B1 (en) Construction element and method for constructing such a construction element
FR2656020A1 (en) ASSEMBLY BY EMBOITEMENT OF TWO Z-RIGHT SECTION PROFILES, ESPECIALLY FOR MAKING A FAILURE, A SMOOTH OR A FLOOR SUPPORT.
EP1678389B1 (en) Large-span self-supporting metal formwork
EP2844809B1 (en) Formwork and associated floor
FR3070407A1 (en) CARRIER STRUCTURE BASED ON FORE-LIFT BEAMS AND ASSOCIATED MOUNTING METHOD
EP1327728A1 (en) Supporting structure with profiled elements
FR2913993A1 (en) Interjoist i.e. slab, for constructing building floor, has shoulder whose plane part rests on upper faces of flanges of adjacent girders, where lower part of shoulder is supported on side faces of flanges to obtain spacing between girders
FR2739643A1 (en) COLLABORATING METAL BEAM
EP3259416A1 (en) Construction element and method for erecting such a construction element
FR3058428B1 (en) BUILDING ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATED PLANELLE
OA18516A (en) Construction element and method of mounting such a construction element.
FR2501752A1 (en) MIXED STEEL-CONCRETE FLOOR STRUCTURE AND SPACER BAR
FR3013800A1 (en) TELESCOPIC AMOUNT FOR PRODUCING WALL WALL, PROFILE AND MOUNTING METHOD
FR2861412A1 (en) Raised floor, has support plate for supporting side sill, where plate is blocked in rotation around threaded rod by leveled flange and height of plate above ground is adjustable by displacement of plate along rod
FR2940337A1 (en) Metallic joist for forming floor of building, has connection strip whose upper support comprises fixation tabs fixed on sheath, where strip is dimensioned so as to slide inside sheath before fixation on walls of sheath
FR3130861A1 (en) building block
FR3004201A1 (en) INSULATION ASSEMBLY OF A HEATED VANE FLOOR FLOOR
FR3011017A1 (en) FOUNDATION BLOCK WITH VERTICAL CHAINING
BE512277A (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20020521

AKX Designation fees paid

Free format text: AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20040803

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: ARCELOR CONSTRUCTION FRANCE

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 60125457

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20070208

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 20070131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref document number: 20070400413

Country of ref document: GR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20070307

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2275633

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20070928

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CD

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20120227

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20120326

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Payment date: 20120215

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20120312

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20120321

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20120313

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Payment date: 20120215

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES

Effective date: 20130927

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130328

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130327

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130927

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GR

Ref legal event code: ML

Ref document number: 20070400413

Country of ref document: GR

Effective date: 20131002

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130327

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130327

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20131002

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20130327

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 16

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 17

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 18

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20200218

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20200227

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20200225

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20200227

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20200302

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20200221

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20200221

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20200228

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20200228

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20200220

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20200401

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 60125457

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EUP

Expiry date: 20210327

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MK

Effective date: 20210326

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20210326

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MK9A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20210326

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MK

Effective date: 20210327

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK07

Ref document number: 349582

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20210327

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20210702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20210327

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20210328